Amber

AmberKipras Navickas

Žygimantas Žilinskas

3A klasė

Kaunas “Santara” gymnasium

Table of contents1. Amber2. Formation of Amber3. Amber near the Baltic Sea4. Amber Road5. Types of amber6. Use of amber7. Jewellery8. Medicine9. Amber oil10. Amber powder11. Amber chips12. Classification13. Appearance14. Geological record15. Legends involving amber16. Sources

AmberAmber is tree resin that has fossilized through many years. It is very important to Lithuania because of the fact that it was very common near the Baltic Sea.

Formation of Amber

First the tree resin is affected by high pressure and temperature to form copal. If the pressure and temperature conditions remain sustained for a long while, copal will eventually turn to amber.

Amber near the Baltic Sea

Amber is extremely common near the Baltics. In fact, it accounts over 80 percent of the world’s supply of amber.

Amber Road The Amber Road was an ancient trade route to transfer

amber from the coasts of the North Sea and the Baltic Sea to the Mediterranean Sea.

Types of amber Black amber - aka Oltu stone, actually a type of jet

found in eastern Turkey.

Baltic amber - the most common amber variety, found along the shores of a large part of the Baltic Sea.

Blue amber - a rare coloration, most commonly is found in the Dominican Republic and highly valued by collectors.

Copal - resinous substance in an intermediate stage of polymerization and hardening between "gummier" resins and amber.

Delatynite - a variety of amber found in Delatyn, Ukraine.

Dominican amber - nearly always transparent, and having a higher number of fossil inclusions than Baltic amber.

Use of amber Amber is used in the manufacture of jewelry and

ornaments, and also in folk medicine. Amber also forms the flavoring for akvavit liquor. Amber has been used as an ingredient in perfumes.

JewelleryOne of the most popular uses of amber is jewellery. It is used to make pendants, necklaces, bracelets and so on.

JewelleryIt has been used in this way for quite some time. Because of its color and natural beauty, amber has been appreciated since the Neolithic times.

MedicineAmber has also been used as medicine, although it has become a sort of alternative medicine nowadays.

Amber oilLiquid amber oil is used as skin medicine. It sinks into your skin and supplies the tissues with negative ions, which restore the patency of blood vessels, thus improving the blood flow.

Amber powderAmber powder can also heal your skin. It makes the most visible results when applied to the face. Also, it can work as hangover treatment.

Amber chipsAmber chips are used to make solutions. These solutions can treat hangover, but also can be used in aroma therapy treatments.

Classification Amber can be classified into several forms. The

composition of resins is highly variable; each species produces a unique blend of chemicals which can be identified by the use of pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The overall chemical and structural composition is used to divide ambers into five classes.

Appearance Amber occurs in a range of different colors. As well as

the usual yellow-orange-brown that is associated with the color "amber", amber itself can range from a whitish color through a pale lemon yellow, to brown and almost black. Other uncommon colors include red amber, green amber, and even blue amber, which is rare and highly sought after.

Appearance Amber sometimes contains animals or plant matter that

became caught in the resin as it was secreted.

Geological record The oldest amber recovered dates to the Upper

Carboniferous period (320 million years ago).

Legends involving amber The origins of Baltic Amber are associated with the

Lithuanian legend about Jurata, the queen of the sea, who fell in love with Kastytis, a fisherman. According to one of the versions, her jealous father punished his daughter by destroying her amber palace and changing her into sea foam. The pieces of the Jurata’s palace can still be found on the Baltic shore.

Sources http://www.natural-baltic-amber.com/medical-use-of-amber/

http://en.wikipedia.org/

http://archaeology.about.com/od/baterms/qt/baltic_amber.htm

http://www.masterpage.com.pl/amber-oil/

http://www.masterpage.com.pl/amber-powder/

http://www.masterpage.com.pl/amber-chips/

totallystockholm.se

amberpleasure.info 

skywalker.cochise.edu 

gemologyproject.com 

hellodollface.com

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