Amateur và nhiếp ảnh (5bai)

8/7/2019 Amateur v nhip nh (5bai)

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LuongK (http://www.caravanviet.com)

I. Amateur v nhip nh 1: ISO, khu , tc chp.

Tha i hc, em c ng thy dy khoa in trng BKTPHCM c m sinh vingi a lNgi Nng Dn, bit danh ny xut pht t cu hi thng xuyn cathy trong cc ln bo v lun n tt nghip:Ti l ngi nng dn, khng bit g v in, em hy trnh by sao cho ngi nngdn nh ti hiu v vn ACB trong ti XYZ ca em.

C l l dng ngn ng hoa m, ph trng hiu bit- c v khng c- d hn l cgi kin thc nhn c bng ngn ng bnh dn.

Vi tiu ch bnh dn ha ngn ng nhip nh, em s thay th cc t ng ri rm alm nn lng chin s ca nhip nh bng cc t ng trc quan sinh ng, mong l cc

bc s nn ci v gp xy dng.

Nu cc bi vit lm tht vng cc bc, bc nnghia s gii thiu v s sch bi bn vnhip nh, t sch in cho n sch mng.

Thng nht vy nh!

03 THNG S C BN

Bn cht vic bm my chp nh l iu chnh mt liu lng nh sngthch hpqua m ng knh n phim hoc cm bin t trong mt hp ti- hp ti ny gi lchic my nh- s tc ng ca nh sng ln phim hoc cm bin- gi gn l cm

bin- to ra hnh nh.

Liu lng nh sng ng: tm hnh ng sng.Liu lng nh sng khng ng: tm hnh thiu hoc d sng.

Ba thng s iu chnh liu lng nh sngni trn l:

1-ISO:

ISO l nhy sng ca phim hoc cm bin c cc gi tr sau:32, 64, 100, 200, 400, 800, 1000 . . .

Vi cng mt liu lng nh sng tc ng ln cm bin, ISO cng cao th kh nngbt sng ca cm bin cng tng, hnh cng sng.

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Lu : ISO cng cao, hnh cng b nhiu v mt chi tit vng sng.

iu chnh thng s:a) c sch hng dn.

b) Bm vo nt ISO v xoay da quay, thy di s thay i theo cc gi tr trn.

Trong trng hp iu chnh, bn thy c nhiu tr s khc chen vo cc gi tr trn,c ngha l my ca bn c bc chnh tinh hn.

2- Khu :

Khu l m ng knh c cc gi tr sau:1, 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 32

Tr s ny cng ln, m ng knh cng nh, liu lng nh sng i qua tc ngln cm bin cng gim.

Lu :a) Khu ln: khong r nt tm hnh mng, xa phng.

b) Khu nh: khong r nt tm hnh su, nt su.

iu chnh thng s:a) c sch hng dn.

b) t my cc ch M, A (Nikon), Av (Canon) v xoay da quay, thy di sthay i theo cc gi tr trn.Trong trng hp iu chnh, bn thy c nhiu tr s khc chen vo cc gi tr trn,c ngha l my ca bn c bc chnh tinh hn.

3-Tc :

Tc l thi gian mn trp trong my m ra cho nh sng i vo, c cc gi trsau:

. . . 1000, 500, 250, 125, 60, 30, 15, 8, 4, 2, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, . . . 30

Tr s mu , trc s 1 c n v l 1/x giy.

Tr s mu xanh, t s 1 c n v l giy.Tc cng nhanh, liu lng nh sng tc ng ln cm bin cng gim.

Lu :a) Tc nhanh: bt ng ch .

b) Tc chm: to ng ch .

iu chnh thng s:c) c sch hng dn.d) t my cc ch M, S (Nikon), Tv (Canon) v xoay da quay, thy di s thayi theo cc gi tr trn.

Trong trng hp iu chnh, bn thy c nhiu tr s khc chen vo cc gi tr trn,c ngha l my ca bn c bc chnh tinh hn.

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Amateur v nhip nh 1 (tt)

Cch t ba thng s c bn khi chp:

ISO: ty thuc vo iu kin nh sng, nn t ISO thp khi c th, hnh s ln chi

tit hn.

Vi ISO 100, iu kin nh sng tri tt cp khu & tc c bn t theo kinhnghim l:

Khu : 11, tc : 125 (1/125)

Trn c s cp thng s ny, ty theo ni dung mun th hin trong tm hnh: btng hay to ng, xa phng hay nt su, ta iu chnh cp thng s ny theonguyn tc: mt nc chnh tc v pha tng liu lng nh sng tng ng vi mtnc iu chnh khu v pha gim liu lng nh sng.

Vic t ISO cng theo nguyn tc ny: tng mt nc ISO theo hng tng liu lngnh sng, phi iu chnh khu hoc tc v hng gim liu lng nh sng.

: Amateur v nhip nh 1 (tt)

Nh vy, vn l nn chn ch no chp?

Theo em, c nhiu bc c ngh chp ch M mi l Pro, nh vy cng tt thi, tuynhin lm vy ha ra mnh b ph cng lao ca nh ch to my v ung ph chcnng m mnh b tin ra c n.

Bn thn em, em thng dng ch A, t khu theo ni dung mong mun. Phntc giao ph cho my vy

Trong trng hp mun to ng, em chp ch S, ch ng tc , nh tmhnh ny:t ISO 200, tc 1/30" ch S

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: Amateur v nhip nh 1 (tt)

Xin cht li vn th nht nh sau:Ch M:Cc bc ch cn nh r cp 11- 125 l cp khu - tc vi ISO 100 iu kin

nh sng tri p.

Trn c s ny, ta iu chnh liu lng nh sng:

a. nh sng yu hn: tri c my, chp di bng rm . . . tng liu lng nh sngbng cch:

1. Gi nguyn hai trong ba thng s: khu , tc , ISO2. iu chnh thng s cn li theo hng tng liu lng nh sng.

b. nh sng mnh hn: tri nng gt, b bin . . .

1. Gi nguyn hai trong ba thng s: khu , tc , ISO2. iu chnh thng s cn li theo hng gim liu lng nh sng.

Sau khi iu chnh liu lng nh sng nh trn, xem nh ci t ba thng s cbn ng sng. Ty theo ni dung:- Xa phng- Nt su- Bt ng- To ng

Ta gi nguyn liu lng nh sng t bng cch: ta iu chnh cp thng s nytheo nguyn tc mt nc chnh tc v pha tng liu lng nh sng tng ng vimt nc iu chnh khu v pha gim liu lng nh sng.

Ch u tin Khu (Aperture priority): A (Nikon)- Av (Canon)Ch ng iu chnh khu theo : xa phng hay nt su.

Ch u tin Tc mng trp (Shutter priority): S (Nikon)- Tv (Canon)Ch ng iu chnh tc chp theo : bt ng hay to ng.

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V d:

#1: Vi khu 11, ta c nt su, hu cnh nh th c B r:

#2: Vi khu 4, ta xa phng, hu cnh nh th c B nhe i.

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I I. Amateur v nhip nh 2: ly nt, o sng v chp.

Sau khi t xong ba thng s c bn:ISO; khu ; tc , cc thao tc tip theo l:

- Ly nt- o sng- Kha nt, kha o sng- Chp

LY NT (FOCUS)

Tt c cc my k thut s ng knh ri DSLR u c hai cch ly nt: tay MF v tng AF.

1. Ly nt t ng AF

Cc ch ly nt t ng:

Nhn chung tt c cc my DSLR u c ba ch ly nt t ng c bn:

- AF-S (Nikon) hay One Shot AF (Canon): dng ly nt cho ch tnh.

- AF-C (Nikon) hay AI Sevro AF (Canon): dng ly nt cho ch chuyn ng.

- AF-A (Nikon) hay AI Focus AF (Canon): dng ly nt cho ch lin tcchuyn i tnh v ng.

La chn vng ly nt:

Trn my DSLR, c th chn nhiu vng ly nt t hai la chn c bn:Ly nt a im: thch hp cho chp phong cnh, kin trc.

Ly nt im: thch hp cho chp ch xc nh nh ngi, vt, hoa, l, cnh . . .im ly nt ny c th iu chnh trn my cho ph hp v tr ch trong khungngm.

2. Ch ly nt tay:

S dng trong trng hp h thng ly nt t ng khng hot ng nh chp trongiu kin nh sng yu, trong ch tng phn mu sc km hoc n gin l ngknh khng c ch AF. n gin ch l xoay vng ly nt trn ng knh cho nkhi ch trong khung ngm r nht.

O SNG

Cng c th la chn ch o sng t hai ch c bn:

o sng a im: thch hp cho chp phong cnh, kin trc.

o sng im: thch hp cho chp ch xc nh nh ngi, vt, hoa, l, cnh . . .

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7/22

THAO TC BM NT CHP

Hnh trnh ca nt chp gm hai giai on: phn na v ton phn.

Giai on 1:

Nhn v gi phn na nt chp, lc ny my s thc hin cc cng tc:

Ly nt: im hoc vng ly nt trong khung ngm sng , my c ting bp nh (cth tt m thanh ny trong menu).

o sng: thc hin ng thi vi ly nt.

Kha nt: vi thao tc gi phn na nt chp, vic kha nt c my thc hin.

Lu :

Trong giai on ny, vic ly nt v o sng c my thc hin xong, tuy nhinkhng phi lc no b cc trong khung ngm cng ng ngi chp, ta c thtinh chnhb cc chp bng cch ng ti ch xoay my ln, xung, tri, phi saukhi kha nt v kha o sng:

Kha nt: gi phn na nt chp.

Kha sng: ng thi nhn nt AE-L/AF-L (Nikon) hoc nt c du hoa th *(Canon).

Giai on hai:

Nhn phn na nt chp cn li, my thc hin vic ghi hnh.

Kt hp gia hai bc Amateur v nhip nh 1 v Amateur v nhip nh 2, bn cmt tm hnh ng sng v mt k thut. Cm n s theo di ca cc bn, hn gp litrong Amateur v nhip nh 3: cc yu t c tm hnh p.

: Amateur v nhip nh 2: ly nt, o sng v chp.

V d minh hot v vn o sng:

Vi thc hin mt tm hnh tng phn sc , em ci t my nh sau:Ch chp: AKhu : 7.1ISO: 200WB: AutoVng ly nt: im, t ti tm khung ngm.o sng: im, t ti tm khung ngm.Sau khi ly nt v o sng ti im c s tng phn gay gt nht, ti im ranh gii

gia Nc Nh Th v mt tri- thc hin tng phn sc , em s ni thm khic dp- gi phn na nt chp kha nt, tinh chnh li b cc trong khung ngm:

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tm th nht, c thc hin ng tc bm& gi nt AE-L kha o sng, em ctm hnh tng phn sc , Nc Nh Th ti ng :

tm th hai ny, do khng thc hin ng tc bm& gi nt AE-L kha o sng,do tinh chnh b cc nn im o sng b chuyn v tm tm hnh (theo ci t: osng: im, t ti tm khung ngm), my o sng ti im mi nn thay i tc chp, em c tm hnh ng sng cho Nc Nh Th nhng sai thc hin mt tmhnh tng phn sc .

Hai tm hnh ny chp cng v tr, cng thi im v khng x l bng phn mn no(ch resize post), nhng khng c chn my, nn c cht khc nhau v gc chp.

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III. Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn

Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p.

Qua Amateur 1 v 2, c th coi nh chng ta ci t xong cc thng s cn bn,by gi mi cc bc tip tc tham kho Amateur 3.03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p l:1. Gc my2. B cc3. Thi im bm my

GC MYGc my l v tr cm my hng n ch , chn gc my l di chuyn tri, phi,ln, xung, nghing my. Cc yu t lin quan n gc my l:

1. Ngun sng:nh sng thun:- Khi nim: hng nh sng chiu thng vo ch t pha sau ng knh.

- ngha, ni dung: m m, phng lng, du dng, thanh bnh.

- ng dng: chp phong cnh, sn phm . . .

nh sng chch- Khi nim: hng nh sng chiu vo hng ch .

- ngha, ni dung: kh th, hng hn, cng trng. To khi, ng nt, vin sngcho ch .

- ng dng: chp duyt binh, chn dung . . . , gn nh 99% hnh c tnh ngh thuniu chn nh sng ny.

nh sng nghch

- Khi nim: hng nh sng t sau ch chiu thng vo ng knh.

- ngha, ni dung: to s tng phn sc trong tm nh.

- ng dng: chp chn dung, hong hn, bnh minh, tng phn sc . . .

Thn trng dng cc nh sng khi chp chn dung:

- nh sng t trn nh u xung- thng gp khi chp mu ngoi tri: hc hc, tinty.

- nh sng t di ln- thng gp khi chp mu ti h nc, sng, bin: kinh hong,lo u, ma qui.

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2. Bi cnh

Bi cnh mt tm hnh p phi c:Ch chnh.Hu cnh.

Tin cnh.ng nt cho ch .

Chn hu cnh, tin cnh c ngha cho ch : bi cnh thun, bi cnh nghch, bicnh i xng hoc n gin l hu cnh ghi nhn ni chp ca ch .

B CCB cc l ng khung ch , sp xp ng nt, sp xp cc chi tit trong tm nh.

B cc cn bn: da trn t l vng 2/3 (1/3) ca ngnh kin trc:

Trn tm hnh ABCD ta c:

04 ng mnh: XY, XY, MN, MN04 im mnh: O, P, Q, R

a ch vo cc ng mnh, im mnh nhn mnh ch , lm ch nibt trn phng, trn hu cnh.

B cc trong cc tnh hung thng gp:

Chn dung:

- Hng nhn ca ch theo nguyn tc: khong trng pha trc/ pha sau l 2/1.

- Tnh lin tc ca chi tit: khng ct cp chn tay ri khi ch .

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Phong cnh:- ng chn tri: khng c nghing, phi song song vi cnh tm hnh, a vo1/3 hoc 2/3 ca tm hnh. Tuyt i khng ng chn tri chia i tm hnh.

- Cc ch c ng thng: cc ng thng phi song song vi cnh tm hnh.

- Tm kim cc chi tit nh con ng, cy cu, b bin . . . dn dt mt ngi xemvo im nhn ca tm hnh.

Trn y l khi nim Amateur v b cc ca tm hnh, c nhiu ti liu chuyn suv b cc, tuy nhin theo em, chng ta ch l nhng tay my nghip d, bit nhiukhng kho s lng tng trong vn dng, i khi bit nhiu li b g b khi bm mymt tm hnh.

THI IM BM MY- Thi im bm my lc s vic xy ra cao im s cho tm hnh c gi tr ngh

thut cao.- Thi im bm my c th bt c ni tm th hin trn nt mt mu.- Thi im bm my ng vo lc nh sng p nht, lc c cn gi thong qua tos lay ng . . .

Ni chung, yu t th 3 ny lyu t hn xui, nhng n li quyt nh ci hn camt tm hnh. Chnh yu t ny mi l yu t gy nghin cho gii nhip nh, to ranhng tay my lang thang sn tm ci THI IM BM MY.

: Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p.

(tt)Mn hai tm hnh lm minh ha cho tnh thng hng: tm th nht, cc bc thy r hng ch phng pha sau b nghing, to cm gickh chu.

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tm th hai ny, hng ch c b cc thng theo chiu ng.

Trong trng hp c hai ng thng vung gc nhau nh cc hng ch sau phng(c th nhiu ng hn trong hnh kin trc) , nhng gc my khng th canh b cccho c hai ng, ta chn ng theo hng ng ca ch nh hnh th hai.

: Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p.(tt)

Trng hp chp chn dung hay ni chung nh c ngi th nn mt ngi nhnvo khong khng ln nht c ng khng ( Ci ny nn hay khng nht thit )V d: nh chp Tn th tng Obama

Tng thng mi c c Barack Obama trong bui cng b la chn b HillaryClinton vo v tr B trng Ngoi giao hm 1/12/2008. nh: Reuters

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Chp chn dung tip: Em thy mt s bo ch nc ngoi chp chn dung thngcrop rt nhiu, nhiu khi ch l cht sc thi trn mt. b ct ngang trn, Nh vy thcch no l nh p

V D nh chp Johan Cruyff

nh ny minh ha cho Ni dung ng Cruyff mng Messi v chi cha mnh bo

Nhng nh ny em thy rt p v c hn, c sai b cc hay c cc gii thch no v cho nhng bc nh ny khng

: Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p.(tt)

Hai hnh a ln thuc loi ph cch

Ngi ta ch ph cch sau khi bit th no l ng cch

hnh th nht, khng phi l hnh chn dung, hnh c tnh thi s v ch chnh

khng phi l ng Tng Thng m l ci hng c.

hnh th hai, tc gi mun c t tm trng ch . loi hnh c t, vic ct . . .pht c ch l chuyn bnh thng.

L kim cm bng chp m ci m chp nh sng chch, khng sng mt n tinl to, ph cch na th ch c n my

i cng l: c khi cng mt con ngi, thng th ngi i bo l lanh l ghtth bo l ranh mnh. Cng mt b cc, hnh ca tay my ni ting c coi l ph

cch, hnh ca anh em mnh s c cho l sai b cc!

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: Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p. (tt)

Em thm mt nh naMt trong nhng vn mnh cp trn l, Khng nn cho chn tay b rikhi bc hnh ( nhn nh ct ri. ) vy mi ngi bnh lun thm v bc hnh ny

nh chp T ph Ted Tunner ca Getty Images minh ha cho bi vit "10 Cu hicho Ted Tunner"

V nh ny, ng chy ct ngang bc nhBc tng thp chy xuyn qua Sa mc bang Arizona ngn cch gia M V Mexico.Mt trong nhng gii php ca chnh quyn M ngn chn bt ln sng nhp ctri php vo US .nh ca nm ca Time

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: Amateur v nhip nh 3: 03 yu t cn bn c tm hnh p. (tt)

Cu hi lm em nh li mt cu chuyn ca thi trai tr, cch y hn hai mi nm:Hi , c c b lp 11 cng khi xinh p, hc gii lm xao lng m nam sinhcng v khc trng. Th nhng, ngoi bn hc cng lp. c b tuyt i khng h

rng vi bt c g trai no lng vng quanh mnh, khng bit l ti chnh hay ti chphnh li rn dy ca ph huynh: tp trung hc hnh, khng trai n ph ri.Th ri, khng bit xut pht t u, mt cuc c pht ra, theo din rng: gi tanhc, ai u theo v lm c b h rng, d ch mt li l k thng cuc. Bao nhiu liong bm, bao nhiu chiu thc a ra u tht bi.Cuc c tng chng kt thc trong v vng, ri mt hm, m nhn chng kinnhn cn li sng s khi thy c b khng nhng h rng m cn tranh ci si ni vimt g trai l hoc khc trng. Cuc c c k chin thng, v g trai tit l:n gin l tau chc c b chi.

Dng ci chng tai, gai mt t mc ch l mt chiu thc hiu qu phi khngcc bc?

Quay li cc tm hnh trn:

tm th nht, cu hi t ra l:- Bn c thy kh chu, kinh s khi thy bn tay u mc ra chng ly ci cm? Nuch cm thy nh vy th y l mt tm hnh sai v b cc.- Th nhng cm gic kh chu lm bn ch , ci bn tay li dn dt bn n cinh mt m chiu u u lo, lt t tm trng ch . Nu cm c iu ny, th ychnh l tm nh bc thy, im nhn c dn dt t ci chng tai, gai mt vy.

tm hnh th hai, y l mt tm hnh ra i trong bi cnh lch s c th: lnsng nhp c tri php t M vo US.- Tc gi dng hnh en trng to tng phn sc gay gt, lm ni bt bc tngthp vn nm ng mnh ca tm hnh.- Mt chic xe dng li trc bc tng thp, d dng cho ngi xem xc nh cv tr a l M & Mo.- V ng chn tri nghing mt cch c tnh nhm chuyn ti ni dung: ln sngnhp c tri php t M trn qua Mo.

Ni dung cn chuyn ti ni dung trong bi cnh lch s c th, c kho lo lng

vo s ph cch b cc em li thnh cng cho tm hnh ca nm.

Cm n cc cu hi phn bin trc quan sinh ng ca em, lm ci no gi nua vli bing ca em nhc nhch, ng y.

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IV. Amateur v nhip nh 4: khong r nt trong tm hnh.

KHI NIM

su trng nh, ting Anh l: Depth Of Field ( DOF) l khong r nt trong nhxung quanh im ly nt khi ta thc hin chp mt tm hnh.

Trn hnh minh ha:im A l im ly nt.Khong BC l khong nh r.

AC= 2AB

Khong BC cng ln ta c khong r nt ln, thng gi l DOF su.

Khong BC cng nh ta c khong r nt nh, thng gi l DOF mng.

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03 YU T QUYT NH KHONG R NT

1. Khu :

- Khu cng ln, t 5.6 , 4, 2.8 . . . khong r nt BC trong nh cng nh, DOF

mng.

- Khu cng ng nh, t 11, 16, 18 . . . khong r nt BC trong nh cng ln,DOF su.

2. Xch : l khong cch t my nh n ch .

- Xch cng nh, chp ch cng gn my, khong r nt BC trong nh cng nh,DOF mng.

- Xch cng ln, chp ch cng xa my, khong r nt BC trong nh cng ln,

DOF su.

3. Tiu c ng knh:

- Tiu c ng knh cng ln, tele cng di, khong r nt BC trong nh cng nh,DOF mng.

- Tiu c ng knh cng nh, wide cng rng, khong r nt BC trong nh cng ln,DOF su.

CC NG DNG CN BN CA KHONG R NT

1. Xc nh im ly nt trong th loi cn khong r nt ln.

V d: khi chp mt lp hc c nhiu hng dc v ngang, c th l 05 hng dc v 04hng ngang, vi l thuyt AC=2AB trn, ta ly nt vo hc sinh hng dc 3 (gia)v hng ngang th 2 (t my n lp hc- ng qun bi ton trng cy nm no).

Nh vy, tng hng ngang 1 n hng ngang 4 u nm gn trong khong r nt BC.

2. Xa phng

- Chn dung, hoa l cnh . . .

- t khu ln, t 5.6 tr ln.

- Xch nh, g ng knh st ch .

- Tiu c di, ng knh tele.

- t ch xa phng.

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3. Sc nt

- Phong cnh, kin trc, thi s, cn cnh, tnh vt, qung co . . .

- t khu nh, t 11 tr xung.

- Xch ln, a my xa ch .

- Tiu c ngn, ng knh wide.

- t ch gn phng.

: Amateur v nhip nh 4: khong r nt trong tm hnh.(tt)

Cho em ph anh Cng nhXin minh ha ci tr ny bng 3 hnh nh ca Ducko chp M Lai.

Ni v nhng chic bnh hoa bng ng c ngh nhn c ti 1 lng th cng

cc bc s thy khong r nt c dch chuyn dn qua tng chic bnh mt

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V. Amateur v nhip nh 5: c th bn cha bit

CNH M C NGI

Hm ry, thy thin h x ra khu trung tm thnh ph chp hnh vi cc phngtrang tr Ging Sinh, Nm Mi. C mt li thng gp trong th loi ny: sng cmu th hu cnh khng r, r hu cnh th mu ti thui.

1. Chun b: my nh, chn ba cng (tripod), n flash.

2. Lu khi s dng n flash:

- Xch : l khong cch t my n ch chnh, liu lng nh sng tc ng lncm bin ngoi nhng yu t tc , khu , ISO cn chu s can thip ca xch .Khu lc ny iu chnh theo xch : xch nh, khu ng nh; xch ln,

khu m ln. Tc lc ny ch nh hng ln sng ti ca phng, hu cnh.- Tc ng b gia my v flash, bnh dn gi l tc n n: thng thng l1/125. t t chp nhanh hn tc n n, hnh khng kp phi sng ht.

- Nn t ch M khi chp c n flash.

3. Thc hin:

- My t trn chn ba cng

- WB: t ng

- Ch chp M

- Xch : 3m

- ISO: 100

- Tc : 1/2

- Khu : 8

Din gii:

- Cp thng s f8 v xch 3m quyt nh s phi sng ca mu.

- Tc 1/2 thi gian phi sng ca hu cnh.

- Chn ba cng m bo khng run tay khi chp tc chm 1/2".

Vi cch chp v thng s ngh ny, ta s c tm hnh ng nt, sng mt mu vhu cnh r nh .

Chc cc bc c tm hnh p cho ngi thn trong tnh hung chp hnh ny.

20


21/22

CNH HONG HN, BNH MINH


- WB: t ng

- Ch chp A (Nikon); Av (Canon)

- ISO: 100, 200

- Khu : 11; 16 hoc ln hn.

- Ly nt, o sng: im.

- V tr ly nt& o sng: ti tin cnh.

Sau khi bm nt chp, xem li trn LCD v nhn nt iu chnh EV+/- b tr ctm hnh c nh sng va .

Khuyn co: khng nn dng ch chp M trong trng hp ny, c th h quangk trong my!

CNH M


- WB: t ng


- ISO: 100, 200

- Khu : 11; 16 hoc ln hn.

- Ly nt, o sng: a im.

Sau khi bm nt chp, xem li trn LCD v nhn nt iu chnh EV+/- b tr ctm hnh c nh sng va .

SN KHU

- WB: t ng


- ISO: 1600, 3200

- Khu : 5.6.

- Ly nt, o sng: im.

21


22/22

CHN DUNG

1. Gc my:

Trng hp chp nguyn ngi, cm my cao ngang bng mu.

Lu :

- Mu cm nhn: khng chp trn xung.

- Mu trn cao, chi tc cao: khng chp trn xung.

- Mu lng quyn cao: khng chp nghing.

- Mu mp: chn ngun sng hoc nh flash hng.

- Mu thp: chp di ht ln.

- Thn trng dng cc nh sng khi chp chn dung:+ nh sng t trn nh u xung- thng gp khi chp mu ngoi tri: hc hc, tinty.+ nh sng t di ln- thng gp khi chp mu ti h nc, sng, bin: kinhhong, lo u, ma qui.

1. B cc:

- My ng hoc my ngang u c.

- Hng nhn ca ch theo nguyn tc: khong trng pha trc/ pha sau l 2/1.

- Tnh lin tc ca chi tit: khng ct cp chn tay ri khi ch .

3. Thng s ci t ngh

- WB: t ng


- Tiu c: tele- ISO: 100, 200

- Khu :+ Xa phng: 5.6, 4 hoc nh hn.+ Sc nt, r phng pha sau: 8, 11.

- Ly nt, o sng: im.- V tr ly nt& o sng: ti con mt gn ng knh ca mu.Sau khi bm nt chp, xem li trn LCD v nhn nt iu chnh

EV+/- b tr c tm hnh c nh sng va .

Amateur và nhiếp ảnh (5bai)

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