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Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC [email protected] Phone 2072339910
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Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC [email protected]

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Page 1: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Alternative Hardwood MarketsNERCOFE, March 15, 2016

Orono, Maine

Eric KingsleyInnovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC

[email protected] 207‐233‐9910

Page 2: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC• Founded in 1994• Offices in New Hampshire and Maine• Focus at the intersection of forest industry, energy and economic development

• Author of Maine Future Forest Economy Project (2005)• Services include: 

‐ consulting in renewable energy‐ advocacy‐ forest management and protection‐ forest certification and sustainability 

• Clients from the private, non‐profit and government sectors• Conducted work in all regions of North America• www.inrsllc.com

Page 3: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Our Continuing Advantage

Page 4: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

The Wood

Page 5: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

The Markets

Page 6: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

 ‐

 2,000,000

 4,000,000

 6,000,000

 8,000,000

 10,000,000

 12,000,000

 14,000,000

 16,000,000

 18,000,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Maine Timber Harvest by ProductData Source:  MFS Timber Processor Report

Data in tons (INRS conversion)

SW Sawlog HW Sawlog SW Pulpwood HW Pulpwood Biomass

Page 7: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

12%

7%

19%39%

22%

Maine Timber Harvest by ProductData Source: MFS Wood Processor Report, 2014

All data converted to tons by INRS

SW Sawlog

HW Sawlog

SW Pulpwood

HW Pulpwood

Biomass

Page 8: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Sawlogs Pulpwood Biomass

Volume (Tons)Value ($)

Volume and Value to Landowner of Products from a Timber HarvestNorth East State Foresters 2013

All NH, 2010

Page 9: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Solid Wood

Page 10: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

 ‐

 200,000

 400,000

 600,000

 800,000

 1,000,000

 1,200,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Maine Timber Harvest by ProductData Source:  MFS Timber Processor Report

Data in tons

HW Sawlog

Page 11: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Source: Census (http://www.census.gov/const/www/newresconstindex.html )

Single family starts, Thousand units, SAAR

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

2,000

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

January ‐ ‐ 731,000

Single Family Housing Starts, 000 Units

Page 12: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Source: Census ( https://www.census.gov/construction/chars/sold.html )

1,800

1,900

2,000

2,100

2,200

2,300

2,400

2,500

2,6002000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Median Square feet floor area

Page 13: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Maine Hardwood Stumpage PricesData Source:  Maine Forest Service, Stumpage Reports

$ per MBF

Ash Aspen / Poplar Beech Red/White Maple Red Oak Sugar Maple White Birch Yellow Birch

Page 14: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

$0

$20

$40

$60

$80

$100

$120

$140

$160

$180

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Maine Hardwood Stumpage Composite PriceWeighted Composite Price, $/MBF

Data Source:  MFS Stumpage and Processor Reports

Page 15: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Markets for Low‐Grade

Page 16: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Pulp and Paper

Page 17: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

0

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Maine Timber Harvest by ProductData Source:  MFS Timber Processor Report

Data in tons

HW Pulpwood

Page 18: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

All figures in 2013 dollars, using the US Bureau of Labor Statistics CPI Inflation Calculator, http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm

Stumpage Price for Selected Pulpwood Species, 2004 ‐ 2014Statewide Average from Maine Forest Service ‐ Stumpage Price Reports

 $‐ $2.00 $4.00 $6.00 $8.00

 $10.00 $12.00 $14.00 $16.00 $18.00 $20.00

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Mixed Hardwood Spruce / Fir White Pine

Page 19: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

 ‐

 1,000,000

 2,000,000

 3,000,000

 4,000,000

 5,000,000

 6,000,000

 7,000,000

 8,000,000

 9,000,000

 10,000,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Estimated Pulpwood Consumption by Maine Pulp MillsEstimates Based Upon INRS Data

Page 20: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Emails you never expected…

Page 21: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Key items from Verso bankruptcy filing• Androscoggin Mill

• Established 1965, about 500 employees (post‐2015 layoffs)• Shut down one paper machine and one pulp dryer to deal with high operating costs (particularly winter costs)

• Total paper capacity 470k tons (15% of Verso total)• Cost of Paper to Chicago (benchmarked)

• Coated freesheet• Androscoggin 3rd lowest of 10 North American mills• Cost ~$600 / ton, Global average $879 / ton

• Coated groundwood• Middle of the pack for North American mills• Cost ~$600 / ton, Global average $474 / ton

Page 22: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Key Items from Verso bankruptcy filingCoated paper market• Traditional markets face decline in key Verso grades• “The coated paper industry faces long‐term, structural decline” • Driven by a move to digital in key markets (magazines, catalogues)

Total NA coated paper market decline 16% between 2010 ‐ 2014• A strong US dollar has increased imports• Reduced market size and increased imports led to available market decrease of 8% between 2014 – 2015

• Total US paper demand (coated and uncoated) predicted to shrink by 3% 2015 – 2016

• Capacity reductions expected to continue (not specific to Verso or any company)

Page 23: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Pulp and Paper• Pulp and paper mills remain Maine’s largest consumer of wood products, and represent significant fixed infrastructure.

• Mills produce a variety of products, including market pulp, dissolving pulp, communication papers (coated and uncoated), and tissue.  Each of these markets is unique.

• The Northern American paper industry has been shrinking, both in output and capacity.  Individual mills often do well, but new investment in production is extremely limited in the U.S.

• More turmoil to come, but Maine will remain a paper producing state for well into the future

• I expect reduced pulpwood consumption, and reduced prices for pulpwood (a bunch of factors in this one, not just demand).

Page 24: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Challenges to the Pulp & Paper Industry• You will hear

• High taxes• High energy costs• High wood costs• And so on

• There are all very real, and present real challenges to the industry

• Mills and regions now fighting over a shrinking pie• They aren’t the fundamental issue, which is change in the marketplace, and a capital intensive industry that is hard to change with any reasonable speed

Page 25: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Biom

ass

Page 26: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

26

Page 27: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Biomass Electric Plants• 4 plants owned by ReEnergy Holdings

• Participate in CT REC market

• 2 plants owned by Covanta• Participate in MA REC market• Now disqualified from participation• (3‐year phase‐in to an unattainable standard)

• Plants in Portsmouth and Berlin, NH • Other places in NH as well, but these are the close facilities.

Page 28: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Biomass Electricity – Needs Support in Current Market• ~1.7 green tons of fuel per MWh

• That means if biomass fuel is $35 / tons, fuel cost is $59.50 per MWh• Add is staffing, consumables (emissions control), debt service, etc.

• Cost of generation (absent profit) is somewhere around $90 per MWh• Plants need Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) to operate economically

• MA has effectively excluded stand‐alone biomass (also a forestry standard)• CT has a phase‐down for biomass beginning in 2018(?)• Biomass a huge economic boost to local regions, forestry• Only renewable with ongoing economic benefits• Apparently not as important to Southern New England as we would hope…

Page 29: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

 $‐

 $20.00

 $40.00

 $60.00

 $80.00

 $100.00

 $120.00

 $140.00

 $160.00

Jan‐10

Apr‐10

Jul‐1

0

Oct‐10

Jan‐11

Apr‐11

Jul‐1

1

Oct‐11

Jan‐12

Apr‐12

Jul‐1

2

Oct‐12

Jan‐13

Apr‐13

Jul‐1

3

Oct‐13

Jan‐14

Apr‐14

Jul‐1

4

Oct‐14

Jan‐15

Apr‐15

Jul‐1

5

Oct‐15

Jan‐16

Apr‐16

Jul‐1

6

Oct‐16

Jan‐17

Average Real Time Wholesale Electricity Prices, MaineFutures Prices as of 3/11/2016 11:00 AM

Actual Futures

Page 30: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Wood Pellets for Thermal Use• Wood pellets used in thermal (heating) applications for homes and small businesses

• Can be as primary (boiler) or supplemental (stove) heat source in a home

• Cost competitive with oil (on a BTU basis)• Maine and Northeast highly dependent upon oil• At this moment, not true – pellets and oil about the same on a $ per MMBTU basis

• A primary issue in industry is developing downstream market (boilers, stoves) and encouraging customer adoption

• Development of projects at a near stand‐still in the Northeast due to low price of oil

Page 31: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

New England Pellet Mills

Capacity:

60,000 – 110,000 tons

<30,000 tons

Page 32: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com
Page 33: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Wood Pellets Now Seeing Large‐Scale UsersJackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine

Page 34: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Maine’s Forest Industry• Incredibly diverse• Well positioned for access to consumers• Facing challenges and opportunities• Enjoys broad support as an economic engine• Will see mill closures, will see new industries• Massive opportunity for energy products, if we can figure out how to capture and properly value (oil prices not helping)

• My crystal ball – more small / mid‐sized facilities, reduction in large facilities

• Big, capital‐intensive projects are hard everywhere, very hard in Maine

Page 35: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

My Crystal Ball (which can be very cloudy)•A forest industry that is:

•A little smaller•Working hard to hold on•New opportunities for small and mid‐scale businesses

• Innovating at the edges, and experiencing failures as part of the process

Page 36: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

My Crystal Ball (which can be very cloudy)•A public that:

•Believes that the industry is dying•Wants to support the industry that remains•Views private land as something they have a right to access

• Thinks that landowners should be incredibly generous and provide lots of services for free

Page 37: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

My Crystal Ball (which can be very cloudy)•A government that

• Is reactive•Has a better rear view mirror than windshield•Would invent a time machine if it could• Is focused on protecting a mill or a sector, instead of industry health

• There is nothing unique to Maine about this – this is how the world works (“the future” is a very nebulous constituency)

Page 38: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Forest Resources Association • Promote the interests of forest products industry members in the economical, efficient, and sustainable use of forest resources to meet the needs of the wood fiber supply chain through private enterprise.

• Join me for dinner on the 1stThursday of the month – give me your email.

Page 39: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

About My Woods

Page 40: Alternative Hardwood Markets · 2016. 3. 30. · Alternative Hardwood Markets NERCOFE, March 15, 2016 Orono, Maine Eric Kingsley Innovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC kingsley@inrsllc.com

Eric KingsleyInnovative Natural Resource Solutions LLC

Phone 207‐233‐9910Email [email protected]

www.AboutMyWoods.org