NUE046 L/O 3 6/05 jh 1 Learning outcome 3 Motor starting.
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NUE046 L/O 3 6/05 jh 1
Learning outcome 3
Motor starting.
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Until the motor gets up to speed, there is insufficient back EMF being generated to limit the current to its normal FLC.
In the locked rotor condition, at the initial point where it starts to turn, the only limiting factor to current draw is the motors impedance (Z).
This starting current can be very high, 6 – 8 times FLC.
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These are for 1Ø.
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These are 3Ø.
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Most starters reduce the starting current by limiting the voltage.
D.O.L.Star/deltaAuto-transformerPrimary resistanceSecondary resistance. (WRMs)
Jenneson p 304
L/O 3.1, 3.2 & 3.3
NUE046 L/O 3 6/05 jh 6P 298 & P 305
Follow this circuit in your text book and identify the stop & start buttons.
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Auto start star/delta starter.
Star contactorLine contactor Run contactor Timer
Starting timer
TOL
NHP starter
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Liquid resistance starters and primary resistance starters.
P 299
These can be used on star or delta connected motors.
L/O 3.1 3.2 & 3.3
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Primary Resistance StartingStarting resistances
Star connected motor
Lift motor
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Do not get eye strain with this.Circuit diagramme of primary resistance starting for lift motor.
Resistors with parallel contacts Motor windings
Emerald TAFE campus lift.
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Variable speed drives.
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Secondary resistance starting.
On large machines this is often used with transformer starting.
P 303
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Motor Braking
MechanicalEddy-currentDynamic - (Regenerative)
- (injection)Plug braking
P 308
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Mechanical brake for parking.
Electric methods will not HOLD the motor and load still. Some form of mechanical brake is needed.
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www.railway-technology
Examples of eddy-current braking
www.fitnessscape
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www.-ph.postech.ac
This principle is commonly used with lifts and hoists to regulate the rate of decent.
Induction disc. Aluminium or stainless steel.Electro magnetics
The retarding force is altered by the supply current.
Eddy-current braking
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www.nesea.,org
www.uptenergy
http//aevcenter
www.forkliftsireland
Uses for regenerative braking.
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For a motor to accelerate a load from standstill the motor must be able to overcome the inertia, load resistance and losses within the system.
Student exercise..Make a list of ALL the losses in a system.
A motor in a crane raises a load from the ground to the back of a truck.What energy is used and where is it used.
L/O 3.4
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Applied voltage as reference
No load current
The no-load current is the magnetising current and the current to overcome the no-load losses. In simple terms this current remains constant.
The load current from the supply required to accommodate the load. This current is almost in phase with the applied voltage.
Total load current. Phasor sum of no-load and on-load currents at the running pf.
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When a load is placed on a motor eg; a conveyor is loaded, the motor slows, less back EMF is produced which allows more supply current to flow.
BUT this is only a small part of the story. What happens in the magnetic circuits?
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Prac work.
• Connect a star/delta starter• Observe injection brake• WRM with resistance in rotor circuit• Connect VF drive• Measure starting currents
Demo pracs.
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