Alnoor Ebrahim, Associate Professor, Harvard Business School Kelly McCarthy, Senior Manager, Global Impact Investing Network Daniel Brown, Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Business School Correspondence to: [email protected]The State of Impact Measurement An update for the Social Impact Investment Taskforce Guildhall, London, July 9, 2015
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Alnoor Ebrahim, Associate Professor, Harvard Business School Kelly McCarthy, Senior Manager, Global Impact Investing Network Daniel Brown, Doctoral Candidate,
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Alnoor Ebrahim, Associate Professor, Harvard Business SchoolKelly McCarthy, Senior Manager, Global Impact Investing NetworkDaniel Brown, Doctoral Candidate, Harvard Business School
Source: Ivy So & Alina Staskevicius, (2015), “Measuring the ‘impact’ in impact investing,” Harvard Business School, MBA independent project. http://www.hbs.edu/socialenterprise/pdf/MeasuringImpact.pdf
How social/environmental performance of investees is measured
IRIS Metrics Adoption
So…
Investors appear to be seeking and using general guidance and some standardized metrics
But…
What are they actually measuring?
How are they judging performance?
Top 10 IRIS metrics
RankRegistered
Users Metric
1 57 Client Individuals: Total (PI4060)
2 50 Full-time Employees: Total (OI3160)
3 44Jobs Created at Directly Supported/Financed Enterprises: Total (PI3687 )
4 42 Permanent Employees: Total (OI8869)
5 41 EBITDA (FP1657)
6 41 Net Income (FP1301)
7 37 Client Individuals: Female (PI8330)
8 30 Net Income Before Donations (FP3274)
9 30 Units/Volume Sold: Total (PI1263)
10 29 Part-time Employees: Total (OI8864)
166 registered users
Top 10 IRIS metrics
RankRegistered
Users Metric
1 57 Client Individuals: Total (PI4060)
2 50 Full-time Employees: Total (OI3160)
3 44Jobs Created at Directly Supported/Financed Enterprises: Total (PI3687 )
4 42 Permanent Employees: Total (OI8869)
5 41 EBITDA (FP1657)
6 41 Net Income (FP1301)
7 37 Client Individuals: Female (PI8330)
8 30 Net Income Before Donations (FP3274)
9 30 Units/Volume Sold: Total (PI1263)
10 29 Part-time Employees: Total (OI8864)
166 registered users. Financial
Top 10 IRIS metrics
RankRegistered
Users Metric
1 57 Client Individuals: Total (PI4060)
2 50 Full-time Employees: Total (OI3160)
3 44Jobs Created at Directly Supported/Financed Enterprises: Total (PI3687 )
4 42 Permanent Employees: Total (OI8869)
5 41 EBITDA (FP1657)
6 41 Net Income (FP1301)
7 37 Client Individuals: Female (PI8330)
8 30 Net Income Before Donations (FP3274)
9 30 Units/Volume Sold: Total (PI1263)
10 29 Part-time Employees: Total (OI8864)
166 registered users. Financial, Operational/HR
Top 10 IRIS metrics
RankRegistered
Users Metric
1 57 Client Individuals: Total (PI4060)
2 50 Full-time Employees: Total (OI3160)
3 44Jobs Created at Directly Supported/Financed Enterprises: Total (PI3687 )
4 42 Permanent Employees: Total (OI8869)
5 41 EBITDA (FP1657)
6 41 Net Income (FP1301)
7 37 Client Individuals: Female (PI8330)
8 30 Net Income Before Donations (FP3274)
9 30 Units/Volume Sold: Total (PI1263)
10 29 Part-time Employees: Total (OI8864)
166 registered users. Financial, Operational/HR, Social (output)
Top 10 IRIS metrics
RankRegistered
Users Metric
1 57 Client Individuals: Total (PI4060)
2 50 Full-time Employees: Total (OI3160)
3 44Jobs Created at Directly Supported/Financed Enterprises: Total (PI3687 )
4 42 Permanent Employees: Total (OI8869)
5 41 EBITDA (FP1657)
6 41 Net Income (FP1301)
7 37 Client Individuals: Female (PI8330)
8 30 Net Income Before Donations (FP3274)
9 30 Units/Volume Sold: Total (PI1263)
10 29 Part-time Employees: Total (OI8864)
166 registered users. Financial, Operational/HR, Social (output/outcome)
Performance challenges
Source: GIIN, J.P. Morgan 2015
Given these challenges, how satisfied are investors with the social performance of their portfolios?
Performance relative to expectations
Measurement ConundrumMany challenges to measuring social impact…
Yet investors are satisfied with social performance!
o Highly idiosyncratic practice; limited convergenceo Little external scrutiny or reporting obligationso Few incentives or demands for systematized information
See: GIIN/J.P. Morgan 2015; EVPA 2014. • Investing for Good, Esmée Fairbairn, Big Society Capital (2015), “Oranges and Lemons.”• New Philanthropy Capital (2014), “Smart Money: Understanding the Impact of Social Investment.”