Rocks and Minerals What you need to know but may have forgot!!
Mar 31, 2015
Rocks and Minerals
What you need to know but may have forgot!!
All rocks have the POTENTIALto go through the rock cycle!!
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The Rock Cycle
Rocksandminerals4you.com
Once very hot magma
Heat and pressure make the change
Igneous rocks
Igneous RocksForm inside theEarth or outsideThe earth crust
http://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada2/204/images/2_4_5en.jpg
Metamorphic Rocks
Rocks that have changed due to intense heat and pressure
Created from sedimentary, igneous or other metamorphic rocks.
They are formed deep inside the earth.
Heat, and pressure from the rock above flatten and bend the rock
Formed deep withinthe earth!
http://stloe.most.go.th/html/lo_index/LOcanada2/204/images/2_4_5en.jpg
http://www.fi.edu/fellows/fellow1/oct98/create/sediment.htm
Sedimentary Rock
Little pieces of rock, dirt, broken down and worn away by erosion
Wash away down rivers, into lakes and oceans
Layer on layer of these bits of earth are deposited on top of each other over time
Pressure of more and more “sediments” –bottom layers turn into rock
Starts on the crustand compacts and cements inside the earth
http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngexplorer/0605/quickflicks/
How might these rocks have gotten here?
Look more closely at the Rock Cycle!!
http://www.learner.org/interactives/rockcycle/diagram.html
There are properties you can Test to determine the mineral
Hardness•
Hardness
http://www.minsocam.org/MSA/K12/properties/hardness.html
Mineralogical Society Minerals for Kids
These are common “tools” for testing hardness
LusterHow the mineral reflects light!
LUSTER
What words can describe the luster?• Dull• Waxy• Glassy• Very shiny• Silvery• Shiny• Opaque• Reflective
Cleavage
Cubic cleavage
New York State High School Regents Exam Prep
Cleavage: when a rock or mineral breaks along flat , smoothSurfaces.
Fracture: When a rock or mineral breaks into irregular rough surfaces
Streak TestThis is a test where you scratch the mineral against a porcelain
This test tells you the color of the mineral
Rock properties make them useful for different purposes.
Rocks that can be cut into regular shapes are useful for buildings and statues
Rocks that crumble easily are useful for making mixtures such as concrete and sheetrock.
The Mohs scale for minerals is shown below.An unknown mineral can be scratched by topaz, but not by feldspar. According to the Mohs scale, which of the following best describes the hardness of the unknown mineral?
A. less than 5
B. more than 8
C. less than 8, but more than 6
D. more than 4, but less than 6
Elena found a piece of a mineral while on a hike. She wants to identify the mineral she found.1.Identify two physical properties of minerals.
2.Describe how Elena can test the mineral she found for each of the physical properties that you identified in part (a).
There are properties you can Test to determine the mineral
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/ks2bitesize/science/tests/rocks_soils.shtml
Try this quiz—It really rocks!!