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Second Arab Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction (Sharm El Sheikh 14-16 September 2014) Algerian Experience On Disaster Risk Reduction Director of « Centre National de Recherche Appliquée en Génie Parasismique (CGS) » Dr. Mohamed Belazougui
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Algerian Experience On Disaster Risk Reduction · dellys lajenna beach after the earthquake . the algerian experience in the field of natural and technological disasters reduction

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Page 1: Algerian Experience On Disaster Risk Reduction · dellys lajenna beach after the earthquake . the algerian experience in the field of natural and technological disasters reduction

Second Arab Conference on Disaster Risk Reduction

(Sharm El Sheikh 14-16 September 2014)

Algerian Experience

On Disaster Risk Reduction

Director of « Centre National de Recherche Appliquée en Génie Parasismique (CGS) »

Dr. Mohamed Belazougui

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Boumerdes-Zemmouri earthquake of 21 May,2003

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Dellys Lajenna before the earthquake

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Dellys Lajenna beach after the earthquake

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THE ALGERIAN EXPERIENCE IN THE FIELD

OF NATURAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL

DISASTERS REDUCTION STARTED AFTER

THE MAJOR EARTHQUAKE OF EL ASNAM OF

10TH OF OCTOBER 1980 (3000 DEAD PEOPLE

AND MORE THAN 3 BILLIONS OF US

DOLLARS OF DAMAGE) AND WAS ENRICHED

AFTER THE CATASTROPHIC FLASH FLOODS

OF ALGIERS OF 10TH OF NOVEMBER, 2001,

AND THE VERY DAMAGING BOUMERDES

EARTHQUAKE OF 21st MAY, 2003.

INTRODUCTION:

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THE NATIONAL POLICY IN THE FIELDS OF DISASTER

RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT DEALS WITH THE

FOLLOWING ASPECTS:

THE MAIN GOALS.

THE MAIN ACHIEVEMENTS AND PROGRESS.

THE NEW LEGAL AND REGULATORY TOOLS AND

MECHANISMS.

COOPERATION ASPECTS.

GLOBAL EVALUATION .

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1-1 THE NATIONAL POLICY GOALS:

THE GOALS AND THE ACTIONS AIM ESPECIALLY AT:

IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE HAZARDS AND RISKS FOR THE NEEDS OF DISASTERS MAPPING.

INFORMATION AND PUBLIC EDUCATION

REINFORCEMENT OF THE INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITIES.

PROMOTION OF THE COORDINATION BETWEEN CONCERNED INSTITUTIONS AND OTHER STAKEHOLDERS.

PROMOTION AND DEVELOPMENT OF REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION.

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1.2- ACHIEVEMENTS

NATIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS AND CURRENT ACTIVITIES RELATED TO MAIN GOALS:

A) – REINFORCEMENT OF THE HAZARDS SURVEY NETWORKS AND OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH TOOLS

SEISMOLOGICAL (CRAAG) AND

ACCELEROGRAPHIC (CGS) NETWORKS

LARGE DYNAMIC TESTING LABORATORATORY OF STRUCTURES AT CGS, INCLUDING A MODERN SHAKING TABLE OF 6M X 6M WITH 6 DEGREES OF FREEDOM

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.

B) – HAZARDS OR RISKS ASSESSMENTS AT NATIONAL LEVEL

SEISMIC HAZARDS MAPS AT NATIONAL AND REGIONAL LEVELS (ISO-

ACCELERATIONS MAPS)

SEISMIC MICROZONING MAPS OF 40 CITIES

SEISMIC VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF SOME STRATEGIC

BUILDINGS.

EARTHQUAKE DISASTER SCENARII FOR THE CITIES OF ALGIERS AND

BLIDA

NATIONAL MAP OF DESERTIFICATION SENSITIVENESS.

INDEX MAP OF VEGETATION PERFORMED FOR THE POTENTIAL

REGIONS OF LOCUST REPRODUCTION (SOUTH OF ALGERIA AND THE

NORTHERN PARTS OF NIGER AND MALI).

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C) – STRUCTURED PLANS FOR RISKS REDUCTION OR

DETAILED PLANS FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT

IN THE FIELD OF THE DISASTER REDUCTION POLICY, THE

ALGERIAN GOVERNMENT HAS ADOPTED IN 29 MAY, 1985 " A

NATIONAL PLAN OF DISASTER PREVENTION AND ORGANIZATION

OF INTERVENTION AND RESCUE“.

IT HAS BEEN FOLLOWED BY THE ENACTMENT OF TWO DECREES

WHICH CODIFIED THIS POLICY :

THE DECREE N°85-231 OF 25-08-1985 RELATED TO THE

ORGANIZATION OF INTERVENTION AND RESCUE IN CASE OF

DISASTER.

THE DECREE N°- 85-232 OF 25-08-1985 RELATED TO DISASTER

REDUCTION.

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IN THIS FRAMEWORK, SOME PLANS OF PREVENTION HAVE BEEN ELABORATED AT THE NATIONAL AND LOCAL LEVELS, AS:

PLANS OF PREVENTION OF FOREST FIRES

NATIONAL PLAN AGAINST DESERTIFICATION

NATIONAL PLAN FOR LOCUST FIGHTING

NATIONAL EMERGENCY PLAN AGAINST SEA POLLUTION (NAMED "PLAN TEL BAHR NATIONAL" ).

PLANS OF PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION IN ECONOMICAL AND INDUSTRIAL FACILITIES AREAS.

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D) – EASY ACCESS TO THE RAPID (OR EARLY) WARNING SYSTEMS AT GLOBAL, NATIONAL, REGIONAL OR LOCAL LEVELS:

RAPID WARNING SYSTEMS EXIST IN SOME SECTORS OR FIELDS SUCH AS:

• NATIONAL SYSTEM OF WARNING BY RADIO FOR FORESTS FIRE

• NATIONAL RAPID WARNING SYSTEM FOR MASSIVE OUTFLOWS OF HYDROCARBONS.

• NATIONAL RAPID WARNING SYSTEM BY RADIO FOR OUTFLOWS OR BURSTING OF DAMS .

• PILOT SYSTEM FOR PREDICTION AND WARNING FOR FLOODS IN THE BASIN OF SEBAOU RIVER ( REGION OF TIZI OUZOU) AND EL HARRACH RIVER (ALGIERS)

• SPECIFIC RAPID WARNING SYSTEMS FOR THE MAIN INDUSTRIAL AREAS (PETROL AND PETRO- CHEMICAL AREAS IN PARTICULAR.)

• METEOROLOGICAL WARNING SYSTEM FOR PREDICTION AND PREVENTION OF STORMS AND STRONG WINDS.

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E) INTRODUCTION OF EARTHQUAKE

ENGINEERING COURSES IN HIGH EDUCATION

SINCE 1984 AND ENVIRONMENT AND

NATURAL DISASTERS PROGRAMMES IN

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS

RECENTLY.

F) –PUBLICATION OF THE " ORDINANCE OF 26

AUGUST, 2003 RELATED TO THE OBLIGATION

OF INSURANCE AGAINST THE NATURAL

DISASTER IN FORCE SINCE SEPTEMBER 2004

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1.4- NEW LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

AS A CONSEQUENCE OF THE BAB EL OUED FLOODS OF 2001 AND THE BOUMERDES EARTHQUAKE OF 2003, THE GOVERNMENT HAS UPDATED AND STRENGTHENED THE NATIONAL POLICY AND ALSO THE LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORK.

ENACTING ON 25 DEC. 2004 OF THE “LAW RELATED TO MAJOR RISKS REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT IN THE FRAMEWORK OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT”. Which IN ADDITION TO THE REQUIREMENTS DEALING WITH ALL THE ASPECTS OF THE REDUCTION AND THE MANAGEMENT OF MAJOR DISASTERS SET UP IN ITS ITEM 68 THE “NATIONAL DELEGATION FOR MAJOR RISKS (NDMR)” .

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THE MISSIONS OF THIS NATIONAL DELEGATION ARE “ADVISING, ASSESSMENT, AND COORDINATION OF ACTIONS AIMING AT REDUCING THE IMPACTS OF MAJOR DISASTERS ON THE ECONOMY OF THE COUNTRY AND THE SECURITY OF PEOPLE AND PROPERTY”.

THE DECREE ORGANIZING THE MISSIONS AND FUNCTIONING OF THIS NATIONAL DELEGATION HAS JUST BEEN APPROVED (02 MAY, 2011) BY THE COUNCIL OF MINISTERS.

THE DELEGATION WILL ACT AS NATIONAL PLATFORM IN THE MEANING OF HFA AND ISDR.

ENACTING OF “ LAW 04-05 OF 14 AUG., 2004, MODIFYING AND SUPPLEMENTING THE LAW 90-29 OF 1 DEC., 1990, RELATED TO LAND MANAGEMENT AND URBAN PLANNING” (MORE RESTRICTIVE REQUIREMENTS RELATED TO EARTHQUAKE AND OTHER RISKS)

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2- REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION CONTRIBUTION TO THE INTERNATIONAL DECADE/IDNDR & YOKOHAMA STRATEGY

SETTING UP OF NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF IDNDR (1990-1999) WITH ITS VARIOUS ACTIVITIES RELATED TO COOPERATION ASPECTS

“PROJECT FOR IMPROVEMENT OF THE NATURAL DISASTERS INSURANCE SYSTEM” WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE GERMAN GOVERNMENT.

COOPERATION ON SEISMIC RISK, AS “SEISMED” (1990-1991), “RADIUS” (1998-1999) AND “RISK-UE” (2001-2004) PROJECTS AND FRUITFUL EXCHANGES BETWEEN MAGHREBIANS IN THE FRAMEWORK OF “EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING MAGHREBIAN ASSOCIATION (AMGS).

LOCUST FIGHTING IS THE FIELD OF THE INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATION IN THE SAHELIAN REGION WHERE ALGERIA PLAYS AN ESSENTIAL ROLE.

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3- CONCLUSION - GLOBAL EVALUATION

PERIOD OF THE LAST 30 YEARS WAS GLOBALLY POSITIVE. IN THIS FRAMEWORK, WE CAN MENTION:

EXISTENCE OF OFFICIAL POLICY AND PROGRAMMES CONFIRMED AND STRENGTHENED BY THE LAW ON “ MAJOR RISKS REDUCTION AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT ENACTED ON 25 , DECEMBER,2004.

EXISTENCE OF AN APPRECIABLE NUMBER OF INSTITUTIONS AND SPECIALIZED ESTABLISHMENTS.

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EXISTENCE OF NATIONAL COMMITTEE FOR IDNDR,

THAT HAD GIVEN A NEW IMPULSE TO THE

ANIMATION AND COORDINATION OF ACTIONS

EXISTENCE OF ACTIVITIES IN THE FIELD

THESE ACTIVITIES WILL BE AMPLIFIED BY THE

NATIONAL DELEGATION FOR MAJOR RISKS.

VALUABLE EXPERIENCE IN MOST CATEGORIES OF

RISKS.

VALUABLE HUMAN POTENTIAL AND HIGH LEVEL

EXPERTISE.

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Process of HFA Progress Reporting

Kobe Conference in 2005 (Algerian National report)

Algerian HFA Focal point set up in 2006

First national progress report 2007-2009 in 2009

Submitted to 2° session of global platform

Second national progress report 2009-2011 in 2011

Submitted to 3° session of global platform

Third national progress report 2011-2013 in 2013

Submitted to 4th session of global platform

Fourth national progress report 2013-2015 in 2015

being prepared for 3WCDRR

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Extraits du rapport national 2011-2013

Résultats et progrès dans les trois (03)

domaines prioritaires du CAH/HFA

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Domaine 1:

Tenir compte de façon plus efficace des risques de catastrophes dans les politiques, plans et programmes relatifs au développement durable à tous les échelons, en privilégiant la prévention, l’atténuation des effets, la préparation et la réduction de la vulnérabilité.

Résultats:

Une loi a été adoptée en juin 2010 validant le Schéma National

d’Aménagement du Territoire dans le cadre du développement durable

(SNAT 2030) lequel s’articule autour de 20 Programmes d’Action

Territoriale « PAT » dont un est consacré aux risques majeurs avec comme

objectif, la réduction des risques de catastrophes.

La réduction du risque de catastrophes est incluse dans les plans et les

stratégies de développement à travers notamment la prescription des

études d’impact des projets de développement ainsi que des plans

d’aménagement régionaux et d'urbanisme (PAW, PDAU, POS,…)

Des plans d'intervention sur les feux de forêts sont élaborés à l'échelle de

chaque wilaya en s'inspirant du SNAT et en impliquant davantage les

collectivités locales dans la gestion des feux.

Le plan climat national, en cours d’élaboration, intègre des politiques et des

plans d’action et d’adaptation aux changements climatiques ainsi que la

coopération internationale.

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Domaine 2:

Mettre en place, à tous les niveaux notamment au niveau des collectivités, les institutions, mécanismes et capacités qui peuvent aider systématiquement à accroître la résilience face aux aléas ou les renforcer s’ils existent déjà.

Résultats:

Le renforcement et le parachèvement de la mise en place des institutions et

des mécanismes liés à la gestion des risques prévus par la loi 04-20 du 25

décembre 2004 sont d’une priorité majeure pour tous les secteurs

concernés.

En application des dispositions de cette loi, la délégation nationale aux

risques majeurs a été mise en place en mai 2011 et joue le rôle de

plateforme nationale.

Par ailleurs, plusieurs textes réglementaires en rapport avec la réduction

des risques de catastrophes ont été publiés.

D’autres institutions renforçant les mécanismes et les capacités de

l’ensemble des secteurs concernés ont été mises en place.

Finalisation des différentes études générales relatives aux aléas climatiques

(paramètres du cycle de l'eau, impact des changements climatiques, et

modélisation des crues).

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Domaine 2 (suite) :

Élaboration du Premier Règlement Parasismique applicable au

domaine des ouvrages d’art (RPOA 2008).

Directives pour l’exécution des études d’impact sur l’environnement

des projets routiers et autoroutiers.

Développement en cours du réseau routier et autoroutier dans le

cadre du Schéma Directeur 2005-2025, par des projets structurants.

Les programmes intégrant les populations et visant à lutter contre la

désertification, l'érosion, la protection des barrages, la prévention

des risques inondations et feux de forêts, par des mesures

structurelles.

Elaboration des plans d’Aménagement Côtier intégrant les risques

majeurs

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Domaine 3:

Envisager systématiquement la réduction des risques aux stades de la conception et de l’exécution des programmes destinés à aider les collectivités frappées par une catastrophe à se préparer aux situations d’urgence, à y faire face et à se relever .

Résultats:

Dans le cadre des programmes de préparation aux urgences, de

réponse et de relèvement, notre pays dispose d’un dispositif

législatif et réglementaire d’organisation et de coordination dans ces

domaines.

Système d’avis et d’alerte météorologiques pour les aléas

climatiques.

Réalisation de projets pilotes relatifs aux inondations et la mise en

place de systèmes d’alerte et d’annonce de crues.

Mise en place d’un dispositif de veille et d’alerte régional pour le

risque acridien.

Elaboration et exécution d’études d’aménagement forestier visant la

reforestation, la préservation et la protection du domaine forestier

national, et de plans feux de forêts.

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Mise en place de 15 parcs régionaux d'intervention en

cas de catastrophes par le secteur des Travaux Publics.

Définition des modalités d’élaboration et de mise en

œuvre des plans internes d’intervention au niveau des

installations industrielles.

L’Armée Nationale Populaire est investie d’un rôle

primordial pour l'intervention et les secours, en cas de

catastrophes, dans le cadre d’un dispositif normatif et

organisationnel approprié, contribuant efficacement au

renforcement des capacités nationales.

Des réserves stratégiques sont mises en place à

l’échelle nationale pour répondre rapidement en cas de

catastrophe

Domaine 3 (suite):

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MANY THANKS

FOR YOUR ATTENTION