Algal blooms. WATER POLLUTION TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION-CHEMICALS ETC. WATER BORNE DISEASES EUTROPHICATION SEWAGE TREATMENT OXYGEN SAG CURVE BIOACCUMULATION.

Algal blooms

WATER POLLUTION

• TYPES OF WATER POLLUTION-CHEMICALS ETC.• WATER BORNE DISEASES• EUTROPHICATION• SEWAGE TREATMENT• OXYGEN SAG CURVE• BIOACCUMULATION AND BIOMAGNIFICATION• SOLUTIONS

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oNDjL_q7kHU

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Aral_Sea_1989-2008.jpg/706px-Aral_Sea_1989-2008.jpg\

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Figure 12.3 Lake Chad 1973-2001

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Figure 12.5 Water BudgetATMOSPHERE

Contains 12,600 km3 of water

Evaporation

271 km3/dayAbout 1/4 of total globalprecipitation falls on land

Precipitation

989 km3/day

Most water flux occurs between theoceans and the atmosphere

888 km3/day

Precipitation

OCEANSContain 1,230,000,000 km3 of water

170 km3/dayMost of the rain that falls on land

evaporates back to the atmospherefrom land surfaces and plant leaves

(evapotranspiration).

LANDStreams, lakes, andgroundwater contain

4,124,200 km3of water

101 km3/day

Runoff andgroundwater

Disease organisms

• Typhoid-bacteria• Dysentary-bacteria or amoeba• Schistosomiasis - worm• Polio-virus• Cholera-bacteria

WATER POLLUTION

• POLLUTANTS• DISEASE ORGANISMS• SEWAGE TREATMENT• OXYGEN SAG CURVE• EUTROPHICATION

Secondary treatments1. ACTIVATED SLUDGE 2. TRICKLING FILTER

Sewage organisms

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rJ6hf14MBYU

BOD-BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND

• EXPRESSED IN mgO2 per liter of H2O• Amount of oxygen needed to gobble up

organic chemical• Sewage entering a sewage plants has a BOD of

295mgO2/l-influent• Sewage leaving a sewage plant should have a BOD of 5mgO2/liter-effluent

SEWAGE TREATMENT

• PRIMARY TREATMENT-SETTLING OUT HEAVY ITEMS

• SECONDARY TREATMENT• a. activated sludge• b. trickling filter• c. oxidation ponds

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qx6aj3U5Hp0

eutrophication

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UGqZsSuG7ao

eutrophication

• Oligotrophic-few nutrients• Mesotrophic-moderate amount of nutrients• Eutrophic-many nutrients

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=fvwp&NR=1&v=XUCTif22IwQ

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=arPqPoFOQUM

Algal blooms

Activated carbon

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JuZtxLI-wf4

Runoff from land

BIOMAGNIFICATION AND BIOACCUMULATION

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DDT concentration: increaseof 10 million times

DDT in fish-eatingbirds 25 ppm

DDT in large fish2 ppm

DDT in small fish0.5 ppm

DDT in zooplankton0.04 ppm

DDT in water0.000003 ppm

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DDT in large fish2 ppm

DDT in small fish0.5 ppm

DDT in zooplankton0.04 ppm

DDT in water0.000003 ppm