VISVESWARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI A PROJECT REPORT on “ALCOHOL DETECTION AND CAR IGNITION LOCKING SYSTEM” Submitted in Partial fulfillment as a requirement for the award of degree of BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING For the Academic Year: 2018-2019 SUBMITTED BY, S. SUHAS 1NH15EC084 NAMRATHA B.R 1NH15EC133 SANJEEV JAYASURYA. S 1NH15EC092 UNDER THE GUIDANCE of DR. PRIYAMVADA Associate Professor Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BENGALURU
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VISVESWARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI
A PROJECT REPORT
on
“ALCOHOL DETECTION AND CAR
IGNITION LOCKING SYSTEM”
Submitted in Partial fulfillment as a requirement for the award of degree of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
For the Academic Year: 2018-2019
SUBMITTED BY,
S. SUHAS 1NH15EC084
NAMRATHA B.R 1NH15EC133
SANJEEV JAYASURYA. S 1NH15EC092
UNDER THE GUIDANCE
of
DR. PRIYAMVADA
Associate Professor
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
BENGALURU
VISVESWARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY, BELAGAVI
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION
ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the project work entitled “ALCOHOL DETECTION AND CAR
IGNITION LOCKING SYSTEM” carried out by S SUHAS (1NH15EC084),
NAMRATHA B R (1NH15EC133), SANJEEV JAYASURYA S
(1NH15EC092),bonafide students of NEW HORIZON COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, BENGALURU in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of
Engineering in VIII Semester of the Visveswaraiah Technological University, Belgaum
during the year 2018-2019. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for
Internal Assessment have been incorporatedin the Report deposited in the department
library.
The project report has been approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect
of Project work prescribed for the Degree.
GUIDE
HOD
PRINCIPAL
Dr. Priyamvada Dr. Sanjeev Sharma
Dr. Manjunatha
External Viva
NAME OF THE EXAMINER SIGN WITH DATE
1.
2.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We wish to express our profound gratitude to our respected Chairman Dr. Mohan
Maghnani, for providing all the facilities in the college and respected Principal, Dr.
Manjunatha for his constant support. We would like to express our sincere thanks to
Dr. Sanjeev Sharma, Head of the department of Electronics and Communication
Engineering for his continuous support and encouragement. We feel deeply indebted
to our esteemed Project Coordinator, Mrs. Reema Sharma and our Guide Dr.
Priyamvada for their guidance, right from the conception and visualization to the
very presentation of the project. They have been our guiding light throughout. We
are greatly indebted to our faculties, both teaching and supporting staff, Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, who took great interest in our project
work. They motivated and guided us throughout the accomplishment of this goal. We
express our profound thanks for their meticulous guidance. Finally, we would like to
express our heartfelt thanks to our beloved parents for their blessings, our friends for
their help and wishes for the successful completion of this project work.
S. Suhas Namratha B.R Sanjeev Jayasurya. S
(1NH15EC084) (1NH15EC133) (1NH15EC092)
DECLARATION
We, S Suhas, Namratha B R, Sanjeev Jayasurya S, students of B.E in Electronics and
Communication Engineering at New Horizon College of Engineering, Bangalore,
hereby declare that this project work entitled “Alcohol Detection and Car Ignition
Locking System”, is an original and bonafide work carried out by us during the
academic year 2018-19.
We also declare that, to the best of our knowledge, the work reported here is not
from any other thesis or dissertation on the basis of which the degree or award was
conferred on an earlier occasion by any student.
ABSTRACT
This system is aimed at making vehicle driving safer than before. The main purpose behind this
project is “Drunken driving detection”. Now days, many accidents are happening because of the
alcohol consumption of the driver or the person who is driving the vehicle. Thus, drunk driving is a
major reason of accidents in almost all countries all over the world. We have proposed the
detection of alcohol using alcohol detector connected to ARM such that when the level of alcohol
crosses a permissible limit, the vehicle ignition system will turn off. Alcohol Detector in Car project is
designed for the safety of the people seating inside the car. Alcohol breath analyzer project should
be fitted / installed inside the vehicle. And there is auto theft detection of the system is also added
which will detect whether the system is present or not in the car. If any of these conditions match
then the concerned person will get a msg through GSM along with GPS coordinates.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page
1.INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objective 1
1.2 Problem Statement 5
1.3 Objective 5
1.4 Proposed system 6
1.5 Literature Survey 6
2. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION, CONSTRUCTION
AND OPERATION
2.1 System Overview 7
2.2 Component Specification 7
2.2.1 ARM-7 Micro Controller 8
2.2.1.1 About ARM 8
2.2.1.2 Features of LPC214x Series Controllers 11
2.2.2 DC Motor 12
2.2.2.1 DC Motor Principle 12
2.2.2.2 Working of DC Motor 13
2.2.3 Global System for Mobile (GSM) 14
2.2.3.1 GSM Transmission Structure 15
2.2.3.2 GSM System Architecture 16
2.2.4 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) 18
2.2.4.1 Pin Diagram 18
2.2.4.2 Pin Description 19
2.2.4.3 Block Diagram of LCD Display 19
2.2.4.4 Control and Display Commands 20
2.2.4.5 Address Counter (AC) 22
2.2.4.6 8-Bit Mode 29
2.2.4.7 4-Bit Mode 30
2.2.4.8 LCD Display Interfacing – Flowchart 30
2.2.5 GPS (Global Positioning System) 31
2.2.5.1 Segments of GPS 32
2.2.5.2 Applications of GPS 33
2.2.6 Relay 34
2.2.6.1 Port Description 35
2.2.6.2 Working of Relay 36
2.2.6.3 Types of Relay 36
2.2.7 Alcohol Sensor (MQ-3 Sensor) 38
2.2.7.1 Block Diagram 39
2.2.7.2 Basic Pin Configuration 39
2.2.7.3 Working Principle 40
2.2.7.4 Features 40
2.3 Flow-Chart 41
3. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 About Keil Uvision 42
3.2 ARM-7 Highlights 43
3.3 ARM-7 Development Tool Support 43
4. RESULTS
4.1 Alcohol Detection Output 44
4.2 Switch Output 45
5. Conclusion and Future Scope
5.1 Conclusion 46
5.2 Future Scope 46
References 47
Appendix 48
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 1
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Brief Overview
Driving under the influence of alcohol continues to be one of the nation’s most
serious problem faced by the general public. It is a known fact that under the
influence of alcohol the driving skills is impaired and the risk of involvement in
accidents increases exponentially.
One study estimates that eliminating alcohol would reduce traffic fatalities by 47
percent (± 4%), equivalent to a reduction of between 20,000 and 24,000 fatalities
annually. There is no doubt that a reduction in alcohol-impaired driving would result
in a substantial savings of human lives and resources, worldwide.
India had earned the questionable qualification of having a greater number of
fatalities because of street mishaps on the society. Street wellbeing is rising as a
noteworthy social worry far and wide, particularly in India. Drinking and driving is as
of now a genuine general medical issue, which is probably going to rise as a standout
amongst the most critical issues sooner rather than later. The primary reason behind
this task is "Drunk driving detection". Since numerous mishaps are increasing due to
the liquor utilization of the driver or the individual who is driving the vehicle.
Subsequently Drunk driving is a noteworthy reason of mischances in all nations
everywhere throughout the world. Thus, the framework diminishes the quantum of
street mischances and fatalities because of drunk driving in future.
Drunk driving is the purpose for the vast majority of the deaths, Since the Drunk
Driving Detection and Car Ignition Locking Using Arduino intends to change that with
mechanized, straightforward, noninvasive liquor wellbeing check in vehicles. Alcohol
sensor is implanted on the steering of the car, to such an extent that when the level
of liquor crosses an admissible breaking point, where the start of vehicle will
stopignition and the motor will stop. The Arduino processor always uses the liquor
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 2
sensor information to check drunk driving and works a bolt on the vehicle. In 2009
alone, more than 10,000 activity fatalities were connected directly to drivers who
had more blood alcohol level as permitted. Numerous accidents occur because of
the carelessness with respect to driver. Numerous drivers drink and drive which is a
criminal offense. Such drivers are a danger to society and ought to be captured
rapidly. Despite the fact that the nation has laws to check drunken driving yet its
viable usage is still to be worked upon and at times even questionable. For such
reason we are outlining a framework to decide if he/she is fit to drive or not.
This framework is fundamentally an Embedded System which is mix of both
programming and equipment which can play out some particular capacities. There
are developing worry about the quantity of mischance caused by a man who driving
vehicles particularly during drunken. Statistic demonstrate the accident caused by
drunken drivers expanded every year. As indicated by the Insurance Information
Institute, 16,068 individuals were killed in 2000 in liquor related engine vehicle
crashes, a 1.8 percent expansion more than 1999, and alcohol keeps on being a
factor in 38 percent of all traffic fatalities. Everything hasbeen identified with level of
alcohol in the blood after they drunk. Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) is typically
communicated as a level of alcohol in the blood.
High BAC of the drunken driver will influence their practices likes obviousness,
passionate swings, and outrage or bitterness. There is the exploration about Blood
Alcohol Concentration and with 0.2mg/l or more, (estimated in mg of 1 liquor for
each 100ml of blood, or mg/l) the judgment, coordination and tangible discernment
are impeded, response time moderates, execution in scholarly tests falls, and vision
is debilitated. So, there is a requirement for an effective framework to check
drunken drivers and this drunk driving detection using car ignition locking task can
be one of the strategies to decrease this issue or more particular to keepawaythe
drunken driver itself to driving the vehicles.
Consistently, 40 individuals which underneath the age of 25 die due to highway
accidents. What's more, as per the world fitness association, car crashes caused an
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 3
around 1.24 million deaths within the year 2010, somewhat down from 1.26 million
in 2000. That is one individual is passed on for at regular intervals. Just 28 global
areas, speaking to 449 million individuals (7% of the total population), have
allaroundlegitimate rules that adapt to each of the five threat components. The five
perils components for street mischances are pace, drink–utilizing, protective caps,
safety belts andtyke restraints. Over a third piece of road site visitors dying are
inlow-and center income nations are among walkers and cyclists.
However, under 35% of low and focus profit countries have directions in zone to
monitor those street clients. The vital point of this gadget is to avoid the charge
mischances which can be generally happened because of drunkenness of driving
power. This gadget discovers the drunkenness of driving power and spare the
passengersfrom riding, so this attempt to give one type of security or insurance to
driving power and spare remain. The principle expectation of this framework is to
maintain a strategic distance from the rate of accidents which are ordinarily
occurred duetodrunkenness of driver.This framework identifies the drunkenness of
driver and keep them from driving, so this framework will try to give one kind of
security or wellbeing system to driver and spare lives.
Alcohol influences the focal sensory system of a man. Indeed, even 0.05% BAC
understands judgment disabled and the capacity to control directing is influenced. In
this paper we havecomposed a programmed alcohol detector which is coordinated
with the steering wheel. This workidentifies with mechanical assembly to prevent a
motorcar from being driven by a drunk driver. At the point when the sensor
distinguishes nearness of alcohol in the breath of the driver, car is bolted
automatically. "Drinking is not just damaging to drunken driver it likewise influences
the encompassing zone and individuals."
Nowadays street accidents are real issue everywhere throughout the world. As
report by WHO (World Health Organization) in its first Global status report (2014)
80,000 of Indian individuals are died on streets due to finished speeding, drunk
driving and different reasons. Drunk driving is a central point for ascent of deaths on
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 4
streets. Drink and drive not just convey street dangers to others, yet in addition
influences the wellbeing of his own life. The greater part of the mischances is
happening outside the urban areas because of the drunk driving. In India consistently
auto collision is causedby drunkdriving. Around3 thousand deathsand more than 6
thousand are wounded in a year and its expanding quickly.
Other Wide zones of drunk fatalities are suicides, unmanned railroad crossing,
fundamental city activity. The greater part of nowadays, we hear lot of accidents
because of drunken driving. Drunken drivers won't be in stable condition thus the
rash driving is the burden for other road users and furthermore question of life and
death for the drunken driver and for others. The principle reason behind this project
is "Drunk driving detection". Presently, numerous accidents are occurring a direct
result of the liquor utilization of the driver or the individual who is driving the
vehicle. In this way Drunk driving is a noteworthy reason of mishaps in all nations
everywhere throughout the world.
Alcohol Detector in Car is intended for the safety of the general population seating
inside the car. This project ought to be fitted/introduced inside the vehicle.Alcohol
sensor will be appended withArduino. While liquor isnoticed by the sensor, sensor
sends the input voltage to Arduino. On the off chance that there are any hints of
Alcohol over as far as possible, at that point the framework will lock the Engine in
the meantime will automatically give a buzzer, we can reducethe accidents by
checking the driving individuals on the roads. Drunk driving is one of the intense
national and worldwide street security issue.
Despite the fact that driving under the drunken condition is illegal and punishable in
relatively every nation, and still, at the end of the day numerous people/youths,
break the guidelines and feel eager to drink and drive. The fundamental thought
spins around the idea -Why not make the vehicle sufficiently keen to check the drunk
condition of the driver and take alarming and preventive activities previously any
incident on street? This paper examines the plan, improvement and in-vehicle
testing of the proposed drunk driver detection and modifying system.The work is
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 5
finished with the intend to expand the wellbeing component of smart vehicles by
installing a dependable drink and drive circumstance detection gadget in the steering
wheel of the vehicle that consequently recognizes the alcohol content in the exhaled
breath of the driver and shows the alarming drunk condition of the driver.
1.2 Problem Statement
Drunken driving is the major cause of road accidents worldwide becausedriving
under the influence of alcohol reduces the driver’s perception and vehicle control.
Manual checking of alcohol using breath analyzer is done by the police in order to
reduce the problem. But, this method has very less effect as it is not possible to
check if every driver is driving under the influence of alcohol.
1.3 Objective
The target of this projectis to give an ideaand inventive method for avoiding drunken
driving of a Motorcar by locking the car. Likewise, to permita man who is not
alcoholic to drive a same Motorcar. To broaden this thought with more innovative
headways and make it accessible in a financially effective way. We need to plan a sort
of framework which can recognize the alcohol content in the cars to prevent the
conduct of alcoholic driving.
The sensor will be fixed close to the driver's seat. The driver should breath to the
system before the individual begins the car. On the off chance that the alcohol level
identified is underneath the permissible standard, the car can be started regularly. In
the event that the alcohol level is over the suitable standard, the framework will send
caution to the driver through LCD display. The framework ought to be protected,
delicate, exact, advantageous and cheap. This sort of framework can be fixed on each
car to guarantee the driver's driving security.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 6
1.4 Proposed System
The system uses ARM-7 (LPC2148) micro controller as the heart of the system. An
Alcohol sensor (MQ-3) is made use, which on sensing high Blood Alcohol Content
(BAC) locks the Car Ignition, thus making the driver unable to start the engine under
the influence of alcohol. An LCD is used to indicate the detection of alcohol. A GSM
Module is used to send an alert message along with the co-ordinates obtained from
the GPS module to the concerned authorities as well as friends and family. A switch is
also installed along with the system in order to ensure the system is not removed
from the car by the user. In the case of any tampering with the switch, an alert
message along with co-ordinates will be sent to the concerned authorities and strict
action can be taken. This is done to ensure maximum safety of the driver.
1.5 Literature Survey
[1] Z. Xiaoronget proposed a model for automatic alcohol detection based on using
alcohol sensor MQ-3 and IOT. He used STC12C516A microcontroller and MQ3 sensor
as primary components for detection.
[2] Another method was relied on MQ-135 gas sensor for alcohol detection and
stopping vehicle ignition.
[3] Special Sensors were used in a research to detect the physiological behavior such
as changes in heart rate, change in the eye blinking pattern, drowsiness using Facial
Detection and Eye Recognition Cameras.
[4] In a research, the GPS location was given in terms of latitude and longitude. The
vehicle would stop after alcohol detection.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 7
CHAPTER 2
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION, CONSTRUCTION AND
OPERATION
2.1 System Overview
Fig. 2.1 Block Diagram of the System
Theblock diagram explains the concept of alcohol detection and ignition locking
system. Here lpc2148 is used as the heart of the project. MQ3 sensor is used for
detection of alcohol. If the concerned person is drunk then the ignition system will
not be activated. Another feature of this system is the auto theft detection if any one
tries to steal /deactivate the system then a message is sent to the concerned person
with GPS. The vehicle is shown in the form of a DC motor.
2.2 Component Specification
Standard off the shelf components have been used in this SLDS project. This section
describes each component used in detail.
Switch
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 8
2.2.1 ARM Micro-Controller
ARM-Advanced RISC Machine is a 32-bitRISC (Reduced Instruction Set
Computer) processor architecture developed by ARM Holdings. Many beginners
sometimes misunderstood that the ARM is microcontroller or processor but in
reality,
ARM is an architecture which is used in many processors and microcontrollers. The
ARM architecture licensed to companies that want to manufacture ARM-based CPUs
or System-on-Chip products. This enables the companies to develop their own
processors compliant with the ARM instruction set architecture. For example, the
device we are using LPC2148 is ARM architecture based SOC product developed by
NXP Semiconductor.
The Pipeline method is used for processing all the blocks in architecture. A single
instruction set is being performed, then its descendant is being translated, & a 3rd-
instruction is being obtained from the memory.
An exclusive architectural plan of ARM7 is called as Thumb, and it is perfectly
suitable for high volume applications where the compactness of code is a matter. It
makes it perfectly suitable for different applications by memory limitations where
the density of code is a matter.
Fig. 2.2.1 LPC2148 with LCD Display
2.2.1.1 About ARM
ARM7 is most successful and widely used processor family in embedded system
applications. So, we have decided to choose ARM7 TDMI based NXP
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION 9
controllerLPC2148. Also, ARM7 is a balance between classic and new Cortex series.
ARM7 is excellent to get start with in terms of resources available on internet and
quality documentation provided by NXP. It suits perfectly for beginners to get in-
depth idea about hardware and software implementation.
LPC2148 is manufactured by NXP Semiconductor (Phillips) and it is preloaded with
many in-built features and peripherals. This makes it more efficient and reliable
choice for a high-end application developer. Now let’s have a look at pin diagram of