ALCOHOL Chapter 8. PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL Anaerobic condition CO 2 Glucose Pyruvate Acetaldehyde Fermentation of yeast Fermentation of yeast.

ALCOHOL

Chapter 8

PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL

Anaerobic condition CO2

Glucose Pyruvate Acetaldehyde Fermentation of yeast

PRODUCTION OF ALCOHOL

Acetaldehyde

NADH

NAD+

Ethanol

ENERGY CONTENT OF COMMON ALCOHOLIC

BEVERAGES

Alcohol Metabolism

DIGESTION AND ABSORPTION OF

ALCOHOL No digestion required

Absorbed by simple diffusion and moves directly into blood stream

No specific mechanism required to enter body cells

Alcohol damages cell membrane proteins as it enters body cells.

ALCOHOL METABOLISM

ALCOHOL METABOLISM

ALCOHOL METABOLISM

Catalase Found in the liver Minor pathway for alcohol

metabolism

Catalase H2O2 H2O

Ethanol Acetaldehyde

What to do with Acetaldehyde?

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

Acetyl CoA is non-toxic to body cells

Fate of Acetyl-CoA

CO2 + H2OAcetyl-CoA Fatty Acid

Glucose

Moderate Alcohol Consumption Versus Alcohol

Abuse

Benefits and Problems

Problems Associated with Alcohol Abuse

Increases 5 of the top 10 causes of death in the U.S.

Cirrhosis of the liver

Inflammation of stomach and pancreas

Hypertension and hemorrhagic stroke

Problems Associated with Alcohol Abuse

Brain damage and neurotransmitter imbalances

Myocardial depression and Arrhythmias

Cardiomyopathy

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome