Alcohol and drugs week 1

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Learn how, in general, drugs affect the body

Learn about how drugs enter and exit the body

Learn about drug schedules, uses and addictive potential


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Search online for websites to help you understand drugs, their metabolism and detection times and street names.◦ RXList is helpful for prescription drug

identification


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Absorption (through the skin such as Myoflex cream or transdermal patches, or through mucus membranes such as nose and lips)

Oral: Caffeine, cough syrup, pills Inhalation: fumes, smoke Injection: epidural, vaccinations, allergy

shots


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Which of the following is typically administered through absorption?◦ Birth Control◦ Nicotine◦ Caffeine◦ Pain medication◦ Cocaine


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All of the above drugs except caffeine are regularly administered through absorption.

Although most people believe they “inhale” cocaine when it is snorted, actually it is absorbed through the mucous membranes in the nose


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Through how many different routes have you received “substances” This can include drugs/medications, vitamins, poison etc.?

Most people think of their skin as a barrier or protectant. Did you really ever think much about how effective a medium your skin was for delivering toxins? (It really explains a lot about those of us who used to play with Mercury before we knew it was bad.)


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Did you realize that most small denomination bills in the United States have cocaine residue on them?

Can you get high from handling money? What if you are a teller or cashier?


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Half-Life: ◦ The length of time for half of the substance to be

excreted from the body Routes of Excretion

◦ Urine◦ Exhalation◦ Defecation◦ Sweat◦ Saliva◦ Breast Milk (nursing mothers)


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Drug Interactions 1+1=3◦ Sedative + Sedative◦ Sedative + Stimulant◦ Stimulant + Stimulant◦ Opiate+ Sedative◦ Opiate + Stimulant

Cross-Tolerance◦ tolerance to one drug leads to tolerance of

similar drugs


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Individual Differences◦ Weight/Body Fat◦ Gender◦ Ethnicity◦ Physiological Responsiveness◦ Setting/Expectations


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Alcohol, a depressant and stimulant, is one of the most widely used and abused substances.

Benzodiazapines (anti-anxiety medication/sedative), barbiturates (sedatives and sleep enhancing medication such as Ambien) and stimulants such as Adderall are frequently prescribed and often abused

For each of the following drug combinations, think about why might it be important to consider drug interactions, cross tolerance and individual differences. Benadryl and Alcohol, Valium and Alcohol, Ambien and Alcohol, Sudafed and Alcohol, Sudafed and Adderall?


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CNS◦ Consists of the brain, spinal cord and peripheral

nervous system Sympathetic (Has sympathy for you)

◦ Excitatory/Fight or Flight Parasympathetic

◦ Inhibitory/calming/relaxing


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Neurons contain neurotransmitters When a neuron in stimulated an action potential

moves to the end and triggers a series of chemical changes

Calcium Ions flow into the neuron causing the release of the neurotransmitter into the space between 2 neurons (synaptic space)

The neurotransmitter molecule then binds, like a lock and key, with the receptor on the other neuron which causes a characteristic reaction


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Increase the amount of the neurotransmitter released

By blocking the postsynaptic receptors

In a few minutes you will be directed to a website that illustrates these points.


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Acetylcholine Norepinepherine Dopamine Endorphins GABA Serotonin


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Tutorial on How Drugs Affect the Brain

Go to the website and review the 5 lessons. They are relatively short


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Stimulants(After you read the first page, the “next” button is located at the bottom of the page)

Depressants (includes Anxiolytics)◦ Inhalants◦ Benzodiazepines◦ Barbiturates◦ Alcohol

Opiates Hallucinogens Marijuana Steroids


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Overview

Some psychoactive drugs have actual performance-enhancing side effects. However, many actually decrease performance, primarily because of adverse cardiovascular effects and impaired coordination and judgment. Athletes and nonathletes alike may be knowingly or unknowingly exposed to psychoactive substances if they use over-the-counter, recreational, or prescription drugs.


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Schedule I◦ High potential for abuse. No medical uses◦ Heroin, LSD, PCP

Schedule II◦ High potential for abuse. Some medical uses◦ Codeine, morphine, methadone, amphetamines

Schedule III ◦ Some potential for abuse. Some medical uses◦ Codeine cough syrups, long acting barbiturates, No Refills

allowed


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Schedule IV◦ Low Potential for abuse. Many medical uses,

Some limits on refills◦ Antianxiety drugs

Schedule V◦ Low potential for abuse, Many uses. No limits on

prescription refills


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Does having drug schedules and prohibitions on prescription refills really prevent abuse and/or addiction?


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If you had the potential to become addicted to a medication, would you think it worth the risk to use a schedule IV drug? What about a schedule III?


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Why is the information in this lesson important for you to know, and in what ways will it be useful to you in your life?


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Alcohol and drugs week 1

Documents

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nose unlimited ceus

short unlimited ceus

allergy shots unlimited

stimulant stimulant

sedative sedative

psychoactive drugs

drug leads