Alcohol

AlcoholMrs. McWilliams 7th and 8th Grade Health

Depressant

Contains an intoxicating substance called ethyl alcohol or ethanol

Produced by the fermentation process◦ The anaerobic (no oxygen) conversion of sugar to

carbon dioxide and alcohol by yeast.

What is Alcohol?

The concentration of alcohol in a beverage is the proof value

Proof value = 2X percentage alcohol. Example: 100 proof (whiskey) contains 50% alcohol

12 oz beer

5 oz wine

Mixed drink with 1.5 oz of 80 proof liquor (40% alcohol)

Current recommendations are:– 1 drink/day for women– 2 drinks/day for men

ONE DRINK = 0.6 oz alcohol

Alcohol Use Patterns in the USA 1/3 are abstainers

2/3 are drinkers– 1/3 are light drinkers– 1/3 are moderate/heavy drinkers

10% of the drinking population is considered heavy drinkers- they are responsible for 50% of all alcohol consumption in the US!

Annual Sales of alcohol average out to roughly 2.3 gallons of absolute alcohol per person!

Absorption and Metabolism 20% rapidly absorbed into bloodstream

75 % through upper part of the small intestine and the rest enters further along in the intestinal tract.

Metabolism of alcohol is in the liver.

2-10% is not metabolized but is excreted through the sweat glands, lungs and kidneys.

Factors that Affect Alcohol Absorption Strength of the beverage Number of drinks consumed Speed of consumption Presence of food in stomach Physical tolerance

Blood Alcohol Concentration Percentage of alcohol in a measured

amount of blood

Measured from exhaled breath or blood sample

Possible consequences of

frequent alcohol use

Drinking alcohol impairs vision, reaction time, and coordination.

DWI and DUI –leading cause of death among

teens

Signs of intoxication can begin to appear as low as 0.02

There is no acceptable BAC level for anyone under 21

Drinking and Driving

Normal healthy liver

Liver with cirrhosis

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Fetus is exposed to alcohol in a slower manner

than an adult Damage results in mental retardation Other characteristics are low birth weight,

facial abnormalities, widely spaced eyes, and a much smaller head

Full expression rate: 1-3 out of 1000 births Partial expression rate: 3-9/100 births

Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Characteristics

Alcoholism- different patterns Regular daily intake of large amounts

Regular heavy drinking limited to weekends

Long periods of sobriety interspersed with periods of binge drinking lasting weeks or months

Heavy drinking limited to periods of stress

Who Wants to be a

Millionaire?Alcohol Edition

A major factor in traffic accidents, homicides, and suicides for 16 to 24 year olds is

a. alcohol useb. smoking cigarettesc. affiliation with gangsd. psychological disorders

$100 Question

a. Alcohol Use

$100 Answer

Teens often choose to drink because they think it

a. Increases their self confidenceb. sharpens perceptionsc. enhances memoryd. improves judgment

$200 Question

a. Increases their self confidence

$200 Answer

When a person stumbles and has difficulty walking after consuming alcohol, he or she

a. has withdrawal symptomsb. is intoxicatedc. has alcohol poisoningd. has a nervous system disorder

$300 Question

b. Is intoxicated

$300 Answer

True/ False

Food in the stomach allows a person to drink heavily without becoming intoxicated.

$500 Question

False

$500 Answer

A physical and psychological dependence on the drug ethanol is

a. Addictionb. Alcohol Poisoningc. Intoxicationd. Alcoholism

$1,000 Question

d. Alcoholism

$1,000 Question

True/ False

The liver is responsible for breaking down alcohol.

$2,000 Question

True

$2,000 Answer

A condition is which the liver tissue is destroyed and replaced with useless scar tissue is

a. Fatty liverb. Arteriosclerosisc. Cirrhosisd. Fermentation

$4,000 question

c. Cirrhosis

$4,000 Answer

An inflammation or infection of the liver, sometimes caused by the toxic effects of alcohol is called

a. Fatty liverb. Hepatitisc. Cirrhosisd. Fetal alcohol syndrome

$8,000 Question

b. Hepatitis

$8,000 Answer

True/False

Some binge drinkers mistakenly believe that they are not really in trouble with alcohol because they do not drink every day.

$16,000 Question

True

$16,000 Answer

The chemical action of yeast on sugars is

a. Delirium tremensb. Ethanolc. Fermentationd. Hydrolization

$32,000 Question

c. Fermentation

$32,000 Answer

True/ False

Short term effects of alcohol use on the body can include cirrhosis and brain damage.

$64,000 Question

False

$64,000 Answer

True/False

A serving of beer or wine contains less alcohol than a serving of whiskey.

$125,000 Question

False

$125,000 Answer

The first stage of alcoholism is characterized by

a. Malnutritionb. Defensive behaviorc. Rationalization of drinking behaviord. Reverse alcohol tolerance

$250,000 Question

c. Rationalization of drinking behavior

$250,000 Answer

In the United States, fetal alcohol syndrome is the leading cause of

a. Sudden infant death syndromeb. Mental retardationc. Alcoholic hepatitisd. Stillbirth

$500,000 Question

b. Mental retardation

$500,000 Answer

True/ False

The kidneys oxidize alcohol to form water, carbon dioxide, and energy.

$1,000,000 Question

False

$1,000,000 Answer