Part 9-95 Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 1 of 22 Engineer Licences – Category Instruments Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC) Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licences – Category Instruments AAC Number Part 9-95 Issue Number Twenty Three Date Amendment March 2011 This AAC contains information on the following topics applicable to Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licences – Category Instruments: 1. Applicability 2. Definitions 3. Grouping Classifications 4. Licence Ratings and Form of Endorsement 5. Experience Requirements for the Grant of a Licence or Endorsement of a Rating 6. Examination Requirements 1. Applicability This AAC specifies the requirements for the grant of an Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licence and the endorsement of additional ratings to a licence in the Instrument category. It is to be read in conjunction with CAO Section 100.90 Issue 3 and the corresponding sub- sections of CAO Section 100.95 Issue 4.
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Part 9-95 Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 1 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft
Maintenance Engineer Licences – Category
Instruments
AAC Number Part 9-95
Issue Number Twenty Three
Date Amendment March 2011
This AAC contains information on the following topics applicable
to Aircraft Maintenance Engineer Licences –
Category Instruments:
1. Applicability
2. Definitions
3. Grouping Classifications
4. Licence Ratings and Form of Endorsement
5. Experience Requirements for the Grant of a Licence or Endorsement of a Rating
6. Examination Requirements
1. Applicability
This AAC specifies the requirements for the grant of an Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licence and the endorsement of additional ratings to a licence in the Instrument category.
It is to be read in conjunction with CAO Section 100.90 Issue 3 and the corresponding sub-
sections of CAO Section 100.95 Issue 4.
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licences – Category Instruments
Part 9-95, Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 2 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
2. Definitions
Inertial navigation and reference systems (covered by Instrument Group 9 rating [CASA
basic IK is required as a pre-requisite]) are those inertial navigation systems that initially
measure the six degrees of freedom. The six degrees of freedom measured are linear position
(x, y, z) and rotational attitude (pitch, yaw and roll). The CASA basic IK and Group 9 rating
are not required for licence coverage for Aircraft Heading and Reference Systems that may
well have inertial accelerometers but cannot be described as measuring the six degrees of
freedom. AHRS systems typically have rate gyros, magnetic compass or GPS inputs feeding
into a computer which calculates heading for display. AHRS systems are typically provided
licence coverage by the CASA Instrument Categories Aircraft General Instruments (Group
1) and Remote Indicating Compass Systems (Group 8). The same logic applies to Instrument
Group 20 aircraft, which may or may not have an inertial navigation and reference system
installed.
GPWS & TAWS Maintenance Privileges
Changes in terminology and advances to technology have caused questions to arise regarding
maintenance privileges for GPWS. Enhanced GPWS is a trademark owned by Honeywell -
but through general usage the term became synonymous with all of the Terrain Awareness
and Warning Systems (TAWS) that were available. TAWS is the standard terminology to be
used when describing GPWS systems with forward looking and predictive capabilities. The
table below provides some useful comparisons between the different systems available.
TAWS/GPWS Comparison
MODES/FUNCTIONS
TSO C92
GPWS
TSO C151 Class A TAWS
TSO C151 Class B TAWS
GPWS TAWS
Mode 1 Excessive Rate of Descent
Note 2
Mode 2 Excessive Closure Rate to
Terrain
Mode 3 Negative Climb Rate or
Altitude Loss After Take-Off
Note 2
Mode 4 Flight Into Terrain When
Not in Landing Configuration
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licences – Category Instruments
Part 9-95, Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 3 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
Mode 5 Excessive Downward Deviation From an ILS
Glide Slope
Forward Looking Terrain
Avoidance Function
Premature Decent Alert
Function
Terrain Awareness
Display
Note 5
Voice Callout 'Five Hundred'
Note 3
Note 4
Notes:
1. The Federal Aviation Administration currently requires that TSO C151 Class B
equipments be limited to aeroplanes with nine passenger seats or less (TSO C-151 Appendix
1 Table 11-1). CAO 20.18 does not require an aeroplane with less than ten seats to carry
GPWS.
2. Class B equipment will not require a radio altimeter. Height above terrain may be
determined by subtracting the elevation of the current position terrain cell from the current
barometric altitude (or equivalent).
3. When the aeroplane descends to 500 ft above the terrain or nearest runway elevation.
4. When the aeroplane descends to 500 ft above the nearest runway elevation.
5. Class B must be capable of driving an optional display.
Composite Indicators Maintenance Privileges
A question that often arises is due to the fact that some GPWS and TAWS have composite
indicators. A 'composite indicator' (defined in CAO 100.90 as; ’an indicator which receives,
processes and/or displays information to and from both instrument and radio systems’.) is
prime category for both category Radio (section 4.1 of appendix 1 to CAO 100.90) and
category Instruments (section 6.1 of appendix 1 to CAO 100.90).
This means is that either category can maintain the indicator - but it would depend on the
nature of the maintenance who should in any particular situation. If the indicator is to be
replaced due to failure of a radio system display - then category radio; failure of an
instrument system display - then category instruments, for total failure, either category.
Subsequent release-to-service may be certified by the category of LAME who can meet the
requirements of the SoM/AMM for testing of the indicator. If other systems are needed to be
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licences – Category Instruments
Part 9-95, Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 4 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
operated to perform the composite indicator test, then it may be both categories depending on
those related system requirements. On the other hand, if the test can be done by only one
category, then that category. The instrument category GPWS and TAWS maintenance
privileges do not extend to the radio inputs.
Terrain Awareness Warning System (TAWS) Maintenance Privileges.
The two common categories of TAWS are Class A and Class B. Class A TAWS is the
enhanced version of GPWS and always has a display. Class B TAWS has less modes and
functions than GPWS/Class A TAWS eg it is not fed any radar altimeter inputs and may or
may not have a display.
Class A & B TAWS are thus treated like any GPWS and are primarily an instrument
category system. The radio category has maintenance privileges for the radio inputs and
composite indicators as explained above. Radio inputs and thus radio category privileges can
extend to circuit cards with a radio category function.
TAWS B systems all have the capability to feed into an instrument for display or warning
purposes. If the display/warning capability is utilised the system is termed to be a TAWS-B+
system as per CAO 20.18. If the TAWS B+ system feeds a composite indicator then both the
radio and instrument categories have maintenance privileges as explained above.
Database Maintenance Privileges
The database for a TAWS may exclusively reside within the TAWS or it may be resident
within an affiliated/interconnected system.
If the database were to be housed within the TAWS eg Honeywell EGPWS then the update
of that database would be primarily an instrument category privilege.
If the database utilised by a TAWS was that of an interconnected instrument system eg a
FMS then the update of the database would be primarily an instrument category privilege.
If the database utilised by a TAWS was that of an interconnected radio system eg a GPS then
the update of he database would be primarily a radio category privilege.
Further definitions are contained within CAO 100.95 sub-section 2.
3. Grouping Classifications
Instruments category groups are specified in CAO Section 100 95 Issue 4.
Reference should be made to Table 1 of sub-section 4 of this AAC which lists those aircraft
classified Instruments Group 20.
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licences – Category Instruments
Part 9-95, Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 5 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
4. Licence Ratings and Form of Endorsement
Endorsements of ratings will take the forms as listed in CAO 100.95 Issue 4 para 4.5. Where
a credit for Examination QE is not held the licence shall be endorsed; “ratings held within
this category are limited to non-digital systems only”.
Those aircraft classified as Group 20 are listed in Table 1 below. Endorsements on the
licence are computer generated from tables maintained centrally by Maintenance Personnel
Section. The endorsements will follow as closely as possible the endorsements shown
below.
Form of Licence Endorsement for Aircraft Classified as Category Instruments -
Group 20 - Table 1
AIRCRAFT TYPE LICENCE ENDORSEMENT
Aerospatiale SA330 SA330
Aerospatiale SA332 SA332
Airbus A300 B4 - 200 A300-B4
Airbus A300 B4 - 600/Airbus A310 A300-600/310
Airbus A319/A320/A321 A319/320/321
Airbus A330-200/300 A330-200/300
Airbus A380 A380
AMD Falcon 10/20 AMD F10/20
AMD Falcon 50 AMD F50
AMD Falcon 200 AMD F200
AMD Falcon 900 (excluding 900EX) AMD F900
AMD Falcon 900EX (Note 3) AMD F900EX
ATR 42-200/300 ATR 42
ATR 42-400/500 ATR 42 PEC
Agusta Westland 139 AW139
Avro 146-RJ70/85/100 (Note 6) Avro 146-RJ
BAe HS 748 HS 748
BAe (BH/HS) 125 - 3B/400/600/700 BAe 125 Series to 700
BAe 125 800/Hawker 750/800/850/900
including XP
BAe 125-800/900
BAe 125 1000/Hawker 1000 BAe l25-l000
BAe l46 100/200/300 BAe l46 Series
Airworthiness Advisory Circular (AAC)
Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Engineer
Licences – Category Instruments
Part 9-95, Issue 23 – March 2011 Administration and Procedure – Aircraft Maintenance Page 6 of 22
Engineer Licences – Category Instruments
Form of Licence Endorsement for Aircraft Classified as Category Instruments -
Group 20 - Table 1
AIRCRAFT TYPE LICENCE ENDORSEMENT
Beechjet 400A Beechjet 400A
Bell 2l4ST Bell 2l4ST
Boeing 707 - 300 B707-300
Boeing 717-200 B717 Series
Boeing 727 - l00/200 B727-l00/200
Boeing 737-100/200 B737-100/200
Boeing 737 - 300/400 B737-300/400
Boeing 737-600/700/700IGW/800/900 B737-600/700/800/900