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Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar
technologies and product generation –
Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
CEOI-ST Space Technology Showcase, 13th November 2014
Geoff Burbidge – Airbus Defence and Space, Portsmouth
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Airborne and spaceborne radar instrument / equipment technology
developments targeting low cost payload products
13 November 2014
Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
2
Airborne SAR architecture and technology developments
Progression to spaceborne design and implementation
Commonality of design features with key technology enablers
Generic low-cost SAR sensor product line for airborne and spaceborne applications
Wide range of operating performance resulting in complementary image products
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Fareham – Gosport – Portsmouth – Hayling Island
S-band, 7km x 22km swath
NERC BAS Twin Otter
13 November 2014
Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
AirSAR is a collaborative project between:
Satellite Applications Catapult
Airbus Defence and Space
Natural Environment Research Council
to establish an Airborne Synthetic Aperture
Radar Demonstrator Facility
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Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
The NovaSAR-S payload is a low cost S-band
Synthetic Aperture Radar providing mid-range
performance and offering attractive applications
Key enabling technology is exploited in an
innovative design to disrupt the normal
performance-to-cost ratio
Mission is a partnership between SSTL and
Airbus Defence and Space, funded by the UK
Government via the UK Space Agency
13 November 2014
Representative S-band NovaSAR-S image product
Artist’s impression of NovaSAR-S satellite in-orbit
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Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
Airborne Demonstrator Back End Electronics
X-band / S-band Front End Electronics
X+S-band Antenna/Gimbal Assembly
Airborne Demonstrator Central
Electronics 215MHz configuration
X band wideband Front End
NIA EQM Back End for NovaSAR-S
NovaSAR-S S-band Antenna Subarray
13 November 2014
Enabling SAR Technologies
Airborne SAR equipments
NIA / NovaSAR-S equipments
EQM CTG Module
EQM Digitiser Module
EQM RF Modules
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Harwell, 23 June 2014
X-band quad-polar 20cm spatial resolution
Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
13 November 2014 Flight Direction
SAR Viewing
Direction
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Technology, product and project stakeholders
AirSAR
• Airbus DS Space Systems –
AirSAR project lead, SAR Inst. provider
• UK SMEs (various) –
Payload equipments, modules, parts
• Satellite Applications Catapult –
AirSAR project sponsor and facilitator
• NERC –
AirSAR survey aircraft provider
• Airbus DS CIS –
AirSAR data cataloguing and assessment
NovaSAR-S
• Airbus DS Space Systems –
NovaSAR-S Payload and Processor provider
• UK SMEs (various) –
Payload equipments, modules, parts
• SSTL –
NovaSAR-S Mission/Satellite prime
• Satellite Applications Catapult –
NovaSAR-S application development
• Airbus DS CIS –
NovaSAR-S downstream exploitation
• UK Space Agency / TSB –
NovaSAR-S customer / technology funder
13 November 2014
Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
7
Airborne SAR Demonstrator
• Airbus DS Space Systems –
SAR technology and product development
NIA (New Instrument Architecture)
• Airbus DS Space Systems –
SAR technology and product development
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Airborne SAR Demonstrator / AirSAR
Technologies, Capabilities and Imagery
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Airborne SAR Instrument Technologies and Design
Enabling technologies
• Back End – multi-frequency wideband Tx signal generation and Rx processing
• Front End – X & S-band signal amplification, switching, CAL network
• Antenna – X & S-band wideband, multi-polar, low loss signal transmission
Key features of the design:
• software-definable radar electronics
• current implementation comprises up to 3 simultaneous frequencies
• X-band (9.5-10.7GHz); S-band (3.1-3.3GHz); option: Low band (100-1300MHz)
• X+S-band antenna assembly on pan/tilt gimbal for motion compensation
• one antenna phase centre – mechanical steering to boresight
• 100W peak RF power
Flexible mode / swath definition and imaging parameters:
• programmable transmit pulse bandwidth within licensing constraints
• programmable frequency nulling
• flexibility to trade-off imaging parameters, exercise new modes
Rapid iteration and design evolution on airborne test bed
9
Front End Electronics (X)
Operator Console
Cockpit Navigation Aid
Typical cabin fit
Chirp and Timing Generator
13 November 2014
Airborne SAR technologies and product generation – Relevance to Spaceborne Systems
Back End Electronics (X+S) Antenna (X+S) / Gimbal Assembly
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Airborne SAR Instrument Imaging performance
Nominal performance parameters:
• Incidence Angle: fully flexible (10-85 degrees)
• Swath Width: from 500m up to 10km *
• Polarimetry: quad polar, dual polar, single polar