AIRAH VICTORIA PRESENTATION, MAY 2013 Energy … · Energy Savings attainable by the implementation of Variable Speed Drives Daniel Mancin, Market ... oil lubrication,

© ABB Group May 23, 2013 | Slide 1

Energy Savings attainable by the implementation of Variable Speed Drives Daniel Mancin, Market Development Manager, HVAC & Energy

AIRAH VICTORIA PRESENTATION, MAY 2013

THE ENERGY DILEMMA If the World demand for non-renewable fossil fuels continues at the current rate,

our existing resources will be exhausted in a relatively short time.

Increasing levels of Carbon Dioxide are leading to atmospheric warming and associated changes to our environment.

Although new, clean sources of energy are being investigated, they will not be viable for some time.

TAKING ACTION

In the short to mid term, Industry, commerce and society in general needs to consider current products and technologies that can reduce our energy usage quickly and cost effectively.

Variable Speed Drives (VSD) are a device that can dramatically reduce absorbed energy on given applications with minimal “cutting in” and downtime.

© ABB Group May 23, 2013 | Slide 3

THE ABB AC VARIABLE SPEED DRIVE RANGE

STANDARD DRIVES

ACS550

0.75 to 355 KW COMPONENT DRIVES

ACS55 – ACS150

0.18 to 4 KW

MACHINERY DRIVES

ACS350 – ACSM1

0.37 to 45 KW

INDUSTRIAL DRIVES

ACS800

0.55 to 5,600 KW

- LV & MV

- LOW HARMONIC DRIVES

- REGENERATIVE DRIVES

- DRIVE MODULES,

- SINGLE DRIVES,

- MULTI-DRIVES

HVAC DEDICATED

DRIVES

ACH550

0.75 – 355 KW

MV INDUSTRIAL DRIVES

ACS1000 ACS5000 ACS6000 LCI. SO / ST

0.3 to 5.0 MW 1.7 to 24.0 MW 3.0 to 27.0 MW 4.0 to 100.0 MW

ENERGY OPTIMIZATION LOAD TYPES

It is necessary to determine the “type of load” ie load characteristic

thereby confirming likely energy saving potential!

The two basic load types are:

- Constant Torque

- Variable Torque (Quadratic Load)

- Laws of Affinity applicable

- Q = Flow

- Q1/Q2 = N1/N2 H1/H2 = (N1/N2)2 P1/P2 = (N1/N2)3 N = Speed

P = Power

H = Pressure

LOAD PROFILES

Variable / Quadratic Torque

Constant Torque

P = T x w

SYSTEMS KNOWLEDGE

A clear and full understanding of existing system / plant operation is of paramount importance, governing factors include:

What are the operating pressures of the system? (Industrial boiler feed systems)

Is the system inheritantly quadratic / constant torque or something in between?

Is the system suitable for VSD control? An example of this would be is the design intent

of system based on static pressure or velocity pressure!

Are the losses in system frictional or head (lift) or combination of both?

Is the system an “open” or “closed” system

Is the reduced running speed (and hence energy saving) known or can it be determined

by a trial?

Is there a single pump in system or varying multiples in parallel?

Will equipment resonance occur within desired speed regulation range?

Ramifications of incorporating VSDs into system, i.e. DX systems, oil lubrication,

minimum motor speeds etc?

CONTROL METHODS

To enable and maximise the energy savings attainable through the use of VSDs to be realized, it is of equal importance to carefully consider the VSD control method(s) used, considerations include:

What do we want to measure? Flow, pressure,

temperature, parts per million(ppm), velocity etc.

OR a combination.

Location of sensor(s) in system.

Number of sensors in system.

Utilization of full bore flowmeters.

Will preset speed drop offs (digital) suffice OR

will infinite (analogue) speed adjustment be required.

Set and forget.

Local manual speed adjustment via keypad on VSD

FACTORS INFLUENCING ENERGY SAVING POTENTIAL

Load type

Overdesign / parallel pumping /

load profile

Running hours

Cost of electricity

Motor size / running current

PRIMARY PUMPING

PRIMARY / SECONDARY SYSTEMS

Constant Air Volume System (CAV)

Typical centrifugal pump curve

VSD operation overlay

VSD operation overlay

VSD IMPLEMENTATION CONSIDERATIONS

EMC (Electromagnetic compatibility) also known as

RFI (Radio Frequency Interference) AS61800-3-2005

Harmonics AS61000

Motor windings insulation quality

Motor minimum operating speed

Bearing Currents

Motor cable length / Sinusoidal filters

IP ratings

Starting Current – load

Running current Vs motor nameplate current

Hardwired Interface / High Level Interface

Multiple Motors

© ABB Group May 23, 2013 | Slide 16

Summary

As we have seen, there is a diverse range of applications where the many benefits of implementing Variable Speed Drives can be realized.

Should you wish to discuss / ascertain likely benefits to your specific plant, feel free to contact:

Daniel Mancin

Market Development Manager HVAC, Water and Energy

Mobile: 0408 960 812

Phone: 03 85777102

Fax: 03 85777004

Email: [email protected]