Frequency Group SIGAT Air4All Frequency Group Study on military spectrum allocations required for the Insertion into the GAT of the UAS ESA-EDA Workshop Noordwijk, May 27 th & 28 th , 2009 Presented by Jean-Louis Roch, Thales Aerospace
Frequency Group SIGAT
Air4All Frequency Group
Study on military spectrum allocations required for the Insertion into the GAT of the UAS
ESA-EDA Workshop
Noordwijk, May 27th & 28th, 2009
Presented by Jean-Louis Roch, Thales Aerospace
Frequency Group SIGATObjectives and content
• Study the military frequency spectrum allocations required for the insertion into the GAT of the UAS
• Identify an appropriate spectrum for the integration of UAS in non-segregated airspace, in connection with Air4All conclusions on UAS insertion into GAT
• Define and promote European interests and positions in WRC preparation• Final outcomes :
To provide inputs to WRC-11 European preparation To provide contributions in support to CEPT and ITU-R processes To support the European position regarding regulation and operational
requirements To provide supporting information to the European Delegations To identify other UAS related issues, in view of WRC-15 (such as P/L, Mission D/L
and ATOL spectrum requirements)
• Other considerations Definition of operational scenarios Optimisation of spectrum resource
Frequency Group SIGATAir4All Frequency Group Consortium
• Large Consortium from European Industry, connected with Research 16 co-contractorsn Thales Aerospace lead 7 sub-contractors Representing 9 European Nations
• Experts in : Radio Spectrum Regulation Radio Spectrum Technologies UAS Radio Frequency technologies in DL, Payloads, S&A, ATC, ... UAS System Architecture Safety and Certification UAS insertion in General Air Traffic UAS Platform integration and operation
• Key Points of Contact with : ITU-R Regulation Meetings : CEPT EUROCAE, RTCA, ICAO NATO National Defence and Civil Aviation delegation
Frequency Group SIGAT
• The ITU assembly where Member States agree on evolutions of the Radio Regulations
• Schedule is key• WRC are every 4 years• One WRC determines next WRC agenda items• Time between WRC is for ITU study groups to
develop proposals for solutions
• Negotiation is key• 1 voting right per State• Regional positions & Influent organizations• Worldwide consensus building• State to state package deals
Strict organization, long haul debates
• WRC-07:
• 150 countries• 2500 delegates• 4 weeks• 25 items for WRC-11
World Radio Communication Conference
Frequency Group SIGAT
International
Regional
National layer
Pyramidal consensus building - SIGAT must be aligned
*
WRC Organization
Frequency Group SIGATWRC-11, SIGAT & UAS/GAT
Step 1Segregated
Airspace
Step 2Non Segregated
Airspace
Step 4Non Segregated
Airspace
Step 3Non Segregated
Airspace
Fly within National Borders
Type Certificated UASs
State UASs Civil/State UASs
Non Type Certificated UASs
Experimental UASs
Step 1aSegregated
Airspace
IFR IFR
Step 5Non Segregated
Airspace
Worldwide ICAO
Civil/State UASs
Type Certificated UASs
Civil/State UASs
Step 5aNon Segregated
Airspace
State UASs
Step 6Non Segregated
uncontrolled Airspace
Step 6Non Segregated
uncontrolled Airspace
IFR IFR / VFRIFR/VFR
Actions 2009, decision 2011, solutions 2015 - WRC is on time
2007
WRC-07 invites ITU-R studies
2011
WRC-11 includes in WRC-15 agenda
2015WRC-15 takes
decision
2009SIGAT
2017States bring the
decision in practise
Frequency Group SIGATSIGAT Study Logics
System Engineering(WP 2)
Technical analysis (WP 4)
UAS Insertion (WP 3)
Frequency Support (WP 5)
ScenariosUAS DefinitionDL User Datarate definition
Standardisation – UAS insertion into GAT- Interoperability
Frequency recommendations
Technical analysisresult
Management (WP 1)
Coherency & consistency
Scenarios
WorkshopsReports
Progress Reviews
Frequency Group SIGAT
WP 1.1MANAGEMENT
COST AND SCHEDULE
WP 1.2MEETING ARRANGEMENT/CONSISTENCY
REPORTING/UAV PG ARRANGEMENT
WP 1PROJECT
MANAGEMENTTHALES AEROSPACE
WP 2.1COLLECTION OF UAV INFORMATION
RDE
WP 2.2SCENARIOSEADS DS Fr
WP 2.3DL USER DATA RATE DEFINITION
EADS GmbH
WP 2.4.1SPECTRUM OPTIMISATION
TNO
WP 2.4.2SECURITY ASPECTSDIEHL BGT DEFENCE
WP 2.4.3DL SAFETY AND AIRWORTHINESS
DASSAULT AVIATION
WP 2.4SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
WP2SYSTEM ENGINEERING
EADS
WP 3.1STANDARDISATION REVIEW
DASSAULT AVIATION
WP 3.2INTEROPERABILITY
EADS GmbH
WP 3.3CERTIFICATION/SAFETY
DASSAULT AVIATION
WP 3.4UAS INTEGRATION INTO AIR TRAFFIC
EADS DS Fr
WP 3UAS INSERTION ASPECTS
DASSAULT AVIATION
WP 4.1.1C2 LOS
THALES COMM
WP 4.1.2C2 BLOS
THALES ALENIA SPACE
WP 4.1COMMAND & CONTROL
THALES COMM
WP 4.2SENSE & AVOID & ATC RELAY
SAGEM
WP 4.3.1MISSION DL LOS
SELEX COMM
WP 4.3.2MISSION DL BLOS
SELEX COMM
WP 4.3MISSION DL (LOS & BLOS)
SELEX COMM
WP 4.4OTHER (RF PAYLOAD, ATOL)
THALES AEROSPACE
WP 4TECHNICAL ANALYSIS
SAGEM
WP5.1SPECTRUM SURVEY
BAE/QINETIQ
WP 5.2COMPATIBILITY/SHARING
SELEX SI
WP 5.3.1EUROCAE COORDINATION
IABG
WP 5.3.2CEPT COORDINATION
THALES ALENIA SPACE
WP 5.3.3NATIONAL COORDINATION
WP 5.3.4OTHER STAKEHOLDERS
COORDINATION
WP 5.3SUPPORT TO WRC 11
THALES ALENIA SPACE
WP 5FREQUENCY SUPPORT
including close coordination with WP4IABG
SIGAT
SIGAT Study WBS
Frequency Group SIGATSIGAT Schedule
Deliverable Management meeting
T0 T0+2 T0+4 T0+8T0+6 T0+10 T0+12
WP1 – Project Management
WP2 – System Engineering
WP3 – UAS insertion issues
WP4 – Technical Analysis
WP5 – Frequency Support
Kick off IPR1 IPR2
1st Workshop 2nd WorkshopDFSMP
ICMIPRM1 IPRM2
2.1 Collection of UAV info2.2 Scenarios2.3 DL User data rate2.4 System Architecture
3.1 Standardization review3.2 Interoperability3.3 Certification and safety3.4 UAS integration into GAT
DF21
DF22
D23
4.1 Control & Command4.2 SAA & ATC relay4.3 Mission DL4.4 Others
5.1 Spectrum survey5.2 Compatibility & sharing5.3 Support to WRC11
D32
D42D41
D21
D22
Meeting for WRC11 preparation
D31
D52
D51DF51IT
U-R
WP5
B
ITU
-R W
P5B
CEP
T PT
-C
CEP
T C
PG
CEP
T C
PG
CEP
T PT
-C
CEP
T PT
-C
Deliverable Management meeting
T0 T0+2 T0+4 T0+8T0+6 T0+10 T0+12
WP1 – Project Management
WP2 – System Engineering
WP3 – UAS insertion issues
WP4 – Technical Analysis
WP5 – Frequency Support
Kick off IPR1 IPR2
1st Workshop 2nd WorkshopDFSMP
ICMIPRM1 IPRM2
2.1 Collection of UAV info2.2 Scenarios2.3 DL User data rate2.4 System Architecture
3.1 Standardization review3.2 Interoperability3.3 Certification and safety3.4 UAS integration into GAT
DF21
DF22
D23
4.1 Control & Command4.2 SAA & ATC relay4.3 Mission DL4.4 Others
5.1 Spectrum survey5.2 Compatibility & sharing5.3 Support to WRC11
D32
D42D41
D21
D22
Meeting for WRC11 preparation
D31
D52
D51DF51
Deliverable Management meeting
T0 T0+2 T0+4 T0+8T0+6 T0+10 T0+12
WP1 – Project Management
WP2 – System Engineering
WP3 – UAS insertion issues
WP4 – Technical Analysis
WP5 – Frequency Support
Kick off IPR1 IPR2
1st Workshop1st Workshop 2nd WorkshopDFSMP
ICMIPRM1 IPRM2
2.1 Collection of UAV info2.2 Scenarios2.3 DL User data rate2.4 System Architecture
3.1 Standardization review3.2 Interoperability3.3 Certification and safety3.4 UAS integration into GAT
DF21DF21
DF22DF22
D23D23
4.1 Control & Command4.2 SAA & ATC relay4.3 Mission DL4.4 Others
5.1 Spectrum survey5.2 Compatibility & sharing5.3 Support to WRC11
D32
D42D42D41D41
D21D21
D22D22
Meeting for WRC11 preparation
D31D31
D52D52
D51D51DF51DF51IT
U-R
WP5
B
ITU
-R W
P5B
CEP
T PT
-C
CEP
T C
PG
CEP
T C
PG
CEP
T PT
-C
CEP
T PT
-C
Frequency Group SIGATCurrent Status
• SIGAT has started on January 20th, 2009• Workshop 1 + National Workshops have already been held• Hypotheses are now being discussed and shared with pMs• Operational needs discussed during Workshop 1
• Need to fly in GAT, mainly for transit phase.• Convergence on airspace configurations to focus on for following
phases:• Take-off / Landing• Transit• Mission
• Bandwidth need vs ITU statement• First partial computation shows compatibility with current ITU bandwidth
requirement.• Initial Candidate bands proposed
Frequency Group SIGATUAS Categories
• starting from 12 categoriesmerged in 5 categories
• Mini, Medium Range (Tactical), MALE, HALE, UCAV
Note : UCAV are pure military and can not be part of “5B” ITU-R studies.
LOS - BLOSLOS - BLOS< 42000< 42000UCAVUCAV
LOS - BLOSLOS - BLOS< 60000< 60000HALEHALE
LOS - BLOSLOS - BLOS< 42000< 42000MALEMALE
LOS - BLOSLOS - BLOS< 24000< 24000Medium Range Medium Range (Tactical)(Tactical)
LOSLOS< 4500< 4500MiniMini
Data-link typeData-link typeFlight Altitude (ft)Flight Altitude (ft)UAS CategoriesUAS Categories
Frequency Group SIGATHypotheses (in progress)
8 108 10--66
5 105 10--66
4 104 10--44
2 102 10--77
13 1013 10--44
Global density Global density of UAS per Kmof UAS per Km²²
8 108 10--66
5 105 10--66
2 102 10--442 102 10--44
2 102 10--77
2 102 10--446 106 10--445 105 10--44
Density of Density of UAS per KmUAS per Km²²
per levelper level
2 MALE2 MALE5 000 ft5 000 ft500km x 500km500km x 500kmSC_M5SC_M5
SC_M4SC_M4
SC_M3SC_M3
SC_M2SC_M2
SC_M1 SC_M1
MissionMission
3 UCAV3 UCAV
2 HALE2 HALE2 UCAV2 UCAV
2 HALE or 2 HALE or MALEMALE
2 MALE2 MALE6 Tactical6 Tactical
5 mini5 mini
Density of UAS Density of UAS over mission over mission
areaarea
40 000 ft40 000 ft800km x 800km800km x 800km
45 000 ft45 000 ft20 000 ft20 000 ft
100km x 100km100km x 100km
50 000 ft50 000 ft3000km x 3000km x 3000km3000km
20 000ft20 000ft6 000ft6 000ft500ft500ft
100km x 100km100km x 100km
Altitude Altitude RadiusRadius
8 108 10--66
5 105 10--66
4 104 10--44
2 102 10--77
13 1013 10--44
Global density Global density of UAS per Kmof UAS per Km²²
8 108 10--66
5 105 10--66
2 102 10--442 102 10--44
2 102 10--77
2 102 10--446 106 10--445 105 10--44
Density of Density of UAS per KmUAS per Km²²
per levelper level
2 MALE2 MALE5 000 ft5 000 ft500km x 500km500km x 500kmSC_M5SC_M5
SC_M4SC_M4
SC_M3SC_M3
SC_M2SC_M2
SC_M1 SC_M1
MissionMission
3 UCAV3 UCAV
2 HALE2 HALE2 UCAV2 UCAV
2 HALE or 2 HALE or MALEMALE
2 MALE2 MALE6 Tactical6 Tactical
5 mini5 mini
Density of UAS Density of UAS over mission over mission
areaarea
40 000 ft40 000 ft800km x 800km800km x 800km
45 000 ft45 000 ft20 000 ft20 000 ft
100km x 100km100km x 100km
50 000 ft50 000 ft3000km x 3000km x 3000km3000km
20 000ft20 000ft6 000ft6 000ft500ft500ft
100km x 100km100km x 100km
Altitude Altitude RadiusRadius
TacticalTacticalNational National FirebrigadeFirebrigadeSC_C5SC_C5
TacticalTacticalEU Police EU Police –– Immigration PatrolImmigration PatrolSC_C4SC_C4
TacticalTacticalNational Customs National Customs –– Coastal PatrolCoastal PatrolSC_C3SC_C3
MiniMiniPlanned Surveillance of Oil FieldsPlanned Surveillance of Oil FieldsSC_C2SC_C2
MALE or HALEMALE or HALEIntercontinental CargoIntercontinental CargoSC_C1SC_C1
CivilCivil
MALEMALEBlue BorderBlue BorderSC_M5SC_M5
Multi UCAVMulti UCAVStrike missionStrike missionSC_M4SC_M4
HALE/UCAVHALE/UCAVStrike missionStrike missionSC_M3SC_M3
MALE/HALEMALE/HALEISTAR missionISTAR missionSC_M2SC_M2
MALE/TACTICAL/MiniMALE/TACTICAL/MiniISTAR mission in coercion phaseISTAR mission in coercion phaseSC_M1SC_M1
MilitaryMilitary
UASUASNameNameScenarioScenario
TacticalTacticalNational National FirebrigadeFirebrigadeSC_C5SC_C5
TacticalTacticalEU Police EU Police –– Immigration PatrolImmigration PatrolSC_C4SC_C4
TacticalTacticalNational Customs National Customs –– Coastal PatrolCoastal PatrolSC_C3SC_C3
MiniMiniPlanned Surveillance of Oil FieldsPlanned Surveillance of Oil FieldsSC_C2SC_C2
MALE or HALEMALE or HALEIntercontinental CargoIntercontinental CargoSC_C1SC_C1
CivilCivil
MALEMALEBlue BorderBlue BorderSC_M5SC_M5
Multi UCAVMulti UCAVStrike missionStrike missionSC_M4SC_M4
HALE/UCAVHALE/UCAVStrike missionStrike missionSC_M3SC_M3
MALE/HALEMALE/HALEISTAR missionISTAR missionSC_M2SC_M2
MALE/TACTICAL/MiniMALE/TACTICAL/MiniISTAR mission in coercion phaseISTAR mission in coercion phaseSC_M1SC_M1
MilitaryMilitary
UASUASNameNameScenarioScenario
Global UA density Global UA density close to ITU-R close to ITU-R hypothesis (8 10-hypothesis (8 10-44))
Mini: Mini: LOS (C² + PL)LOS (C² + PL)Medium: Medium: LOS (C² + PL) & LOS (C²)LOS (C² + PL) & LOS (C²)MALE: MALE: LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL) LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL) HALE: HALE: LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL)LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL)
& (B)LOS (C²)& (B)LOS (C²)UCAV:UCAV: LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL) LOS (C² + PL) & BLOS (C² + PL)
Frequency Group SIGAT
IN PROGRESSIN PROGRESS
Review of Standards
External bodiesExternal bodies• EDA: PATRIA studyEDA: PATRIA study• EDA: RFP inputsEDA: RFP inputs
ConsortiumConsortium• NATONATO• EASAEASA• EUROCONTROLEUROCONTROL• JAAJAA• FAAFAA• NATIONSNATIONS
• FranceFrance• AustraliaAustralia• GermanyGermany•SwedenSweden
• OthersOthers
3.3: Safety&airworthiness3.3: Safety&airworthiness
3.4: Integration in GAT
3.2: Interoperability3.2: Interoperability
SynthesisSynthesis
51 documents51 documentsCreation of a Shared Creation of a Shared
RepositoryRepository
12 documents12 documentsIndexingIndexingChoiceChoice
AnalysisAnalysis
Frequency Group SIGATFrequency Support• The process will concentrate on Requirements for UAS insertion into GAT (Agenda
Item 1.3 of WRC-11) and on a potential agenda item for payload communication by WRC-15.
WP1 – WP2 – WP3 – WP4
Spectrum survey ph1
Para-meters
Spectrumsurvey ph2
Sharingstudies ph1
Sharingstudies ph2
WRC-11status
Initial criteria
Candidate bands
Promotion of positions throughout WRC-11 European preparation
Review of WRC-11 status
Positions to WRC-11Technical support
WP5 tasks
Data exchange
Radio Regulations
WRC-11preparation
5.1 5.2
5.3
WP5 sub work packages
Frequency Group SIGAT
Preliminary list of candidate Preliminary selection of candidate Confirmed candidate ?
117.975 - 137 MHz -328.6 - 335.4 MHz
960 - 1215 MHz 204 MHz AM(R)S for LOS1300 - 1350
1545 - 1555 / 1646.5 - 1656.5 MHz1610-1626.5 MHz2700 - 2900 MHz 200 MHz ARNS for S&A TBD4200 - 4400 MHz
59 MHz AM(R)S for LOS150 MHz AMS(R)S for SATCOM
5350 - 5460 MHz8750 - 8850 MHz9000 - 9200 MHz 200 MHz ARNS for S&A TBD13.25 - 13.4 GHz
YES (to be refined)(sharing : DME, JTIDS/MIDS, L-DAC…)
YES to be refined(sharing : MLS, WiMax, AMT…)5000 - 5250 MHz
YES to be refined(sharing : MLS)
Candidate bands• Candidate bands (1st iteration)
(1) Existing Civil Aviation allocations from the ITU-R Radio Regulations> AM(R)S = Aeronautical Mobile (en Route) Service> ARNS = Aeronautical RadioNavigation Service> AMS(R)S = Aeronautical Mobile Satellite (en Route) Service
Frequency Group SIGATConclusions
• SIGAT will propose technical solutions for spectrum allocation aiming at the insertion of UAS into General Air Traffic
• SIGAT will help European nations in the definition of a potential joint set of requirements for UAS spectrum allocation and will support the elaboration of a European position towards WRC-11 conference
• SIGAT will contribute to the preparation of next UAS agenda items for WRC-15
• SIGAT should be an input for EDA/ESA Feasibility Study and Demo Mission