Air part b journal jiayun ke 621409

ADS 2016, SEMESTER 1, CANHUI CHENJIAYUN KE 621409

ALGORITHMIC JOURNAL PART B

AIR

CONTENTS

Criteria DesignB.1. Research Field

Biomimicry

B.2. Case Study 1.0

Biothing Seroussi Pavilion

B.3. Case Study 2.0

Life In A Glass House: Diatom

B.4. Technique: Development

B.5. Technique: Prototypes

B.6. Technique: Proposal

B.7. Learning Objectives and Outcomes

B.8. Appendix

B.9. Reference

CRITERIA DESIGN

58 CRITERIA DESIGN

B.1. DESIGN FIELD: BIOMIMICRY

“The Organisms save energy, what

demonstrates the truly sustainability,

the only real model that has been

in the planet over long periods of

time is the ecological world.”1

-Janine Benyus

1. Janine Benyus, (Ted Talk Biomimicry in Action, 2009) < https://www.ted.com/talks/janine_benyus_biomimicry_in_action?language=en#

CRITERIA DESIGN 59

Architecture is moving towards sustainability due to the natural resource over-consumption and damage caused by human. It is time to begin to think about how to utilize our design to fit in the future and being sustainable in order to avoid the future generation not being able to survive with enough resources.

It’s fortunate to see that human begins to realize the importance of the biological entities. As we are not the first one to build houses for youth and to social/work within large commnity. The ecological organisms are now been awared by human due to their long-lasting sustainble existence. In Ted Talk, Janine Benyus clarified that the truly sustainble model has been in the planet over long periods of time is the ecological world. In the past millions of years, their existence didn’t effect the surrounding environments negatively.

Biomimicry is used in current design flexibly due to distinction of each biological characteristics. It refers to nature as model, and it is a new science that studies nature’s models and then imitates or takes inspiration from these designs and processes to solve human problems. It not only mimicks the forms of the natural appearance, bu also imitates the biological behaviour to create sustainable outcomes.

Therefore, I would like to use Biomimicry as the field of my design. I will integrate this design term with the biological characteristics to provide sustainable opportunities for Merri Creek.

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ICD/ITKE Research PavilionUniversity of Stuttgart, 2013-2014

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DESIGN

The ICD/ITKE Pavilion 2013-2014 is a good example that shows how Biomimicry influences the design implication&opportunities and the fabrication.

This project was inspired by the shells of beetles, in order to develop a light weight panelized canopy. Beetles are winged insects that have tough outer wings like a shield. All beetles have two sets of wings - their body is covered by a hard shell (called an elytra) that protects the thin wings underneath. Therefore, the design mimicks the biological characteristic of the shells of beetles. The outer shell made by steel frame (hard shell) is strengthened by the carbon fibers (thin wings underneath) so that it results in a stable structure that can withstand the mechanical stresses.

B.1. BIOMIMICRY

FIG.2: FIBER LAYOUT FOR ONE COMPONENT

2. Interview with ICD/ITKE team on fiber-woven research pavilion 2013-14 (ERCO, 2014) <http://www.

designboom.com/architecture/icd-itke-research-pavilion-2013-14-interview-08-18-2014/archdaily.

com/770516/icd-itke-research-pavilion-2014-15-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart

FIG.4: FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF GLOBAL FORCE FLOWS AND THEIR TRANSFER INTO STRUCTUAL CARBON FIBER REINFORCEMENT

FIG.3: INTEGRATION OF MULTIPLE PROCESS PARAMETERS INTO A COMPONENT BASED CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM

FIG.1: BETTLE SPECIMEN SCANNED

FABRICATION

The project took this biological production process to create the fiber-reinforced structures by using KUKA robots to wind glass and carbon fibers around the thin steel frames. The research pavilion also tested the limit in lightweight construction as they used a robust double layered construction that accounts for potential extra loading through the facade system.2 They used the coreless winding technique to reduce the mold consumption, therefore material effecient.

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CRITERIA DESIGN 63

CASE STUDY

B.2Biothing Seriossi Pavilion

BIOTHING SERIOUSSI PAVILION

64 CRITERIA DESIGN

3. Seroussi Pavilion I Biothing arch20, 2007) <http://www.arch2o.com/seroussi-pavilion-biothing/

DESIGN

The Biothing Serioussi Pavilion is a ground pavilion project located in Muedon. The design was inspired by the local sculpture habitacles. It is a structure seen as grown from self-modifying patterns of vectors based on electromagnetic Fields. 3 The project mimicks the ecological generating process and apply the idea into the deisgn. Therefore, the dynamic nature of the design reflects the parametric relationship between parts and the deep ecology of algorithmic relationships.

On the other hand, the concept of the project has the idea of indeterminacy to integrate in the structure in order to organize the spatial pattern and generative fabric. The computational method provides the advantage to the designers to achieve the complexity and the self-modifying patterns. The project is a good example of using computational design to create generative design.

PROGRESS

The initial computations (arrange the attention and repulsion) were done in plan view then lifed via microarching sections. At the meantime, the designers applyed different frequencies to create the complex and diverse pattern. The branch curve from the divided point can be extended or growed in different way based on the variable field condition. To allow for local adaption to site conditions, additional features were added to the generating script. Therefore, the microbiological structure is fromed and constructed by the complex line charge.

This project attracts me as the pavilion has a sense of separation due to the volume is defined by line charge but it is also an organic unit due to its clear structure.

CRITERIA DESIGN 65

3. Seroussi Pavilion I Biothing arch20, 2007) <http://www.arch2o.com/seroussi-pavilion-biothing/

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LINE CHARGEAND BOUNDARY

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LINE CHARGEAND PATTERN

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POINT CHARGEAND SPIN FORCE

CRITERIA DESIGN 71

FLAT PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN

DIATOM PATTERN

SHELL PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN 3D

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3 DPOINT CHARGE

FLAT PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN

DIATOM PATTERN

SHELL PATTERN

FLAT PATTERN 3D

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SELECTED OUTCOME

B.2Selected Criteria

I’m planning to design a structure (mimicking the function and form of the Marine Microorganism- Diatom) suspended instream near the waterbank of the Creek from Merri to Northcote. The brief is to create an instream structure which has the function of biomimetic filter to increase the level of turbidity of selected site so that light is able to penetrate the waters to permit photosynthesis and sustain food sources for fauna from in-stream and surrounding wetlands. Therefore, my selection criteria is the structure that has smooth and fruid form in order to not only allow the fishes to swim through underwater, but also provide the birds from wetlands to drop by.

The 4 terations that I chose all have fruid and smooth forms.

Design PotentialThe iterations might be helpful for generating the fruid form which I would attach in the Creek. Thus, the material to construct the structure must be waterproof. However, as the itertions are mostly in point/line charge, the consturcting process would probably be a problem. I might use powder printing or use flexible materials such as polyethylene or fibre.

CRITERIA DESIGN 75

This shape formed by line charge seems like the structure of the marine microorganism which is interesting. However, it is rather to be seen as pattern in stead of an organic structural unit.

The shape is quite organic and flexible. I might be able to use this kind of swirling and fluid shape to mimick the swarm intelligence and it might achieve my design proposal of building an underwater structure.

The shapes in the cluster at the central part appears like mountain. Thus the whole structure looks stablized.

The line charge component enables to define the boundary and make a clear arrangement of the elements. As the lightest curvy strips appear as the primary load bearing structures and the parts growing from the central points seem like the secondary structures, this would be helpful in constructing the physical structure.

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CASE STUDY

B.3Life In A Glass House: Diatoms

PITCH-PINE: LIFE NATURE LIBRARY : THE PLANTS © 1963 GEOMETRIC DIATOM, A MICROSCOPIC ALGA, HAS A SILICA-COATED WALL COMPRISED OF TWO OVERLAPPING HALVES, LIKE A BOX WITH A LID. NORMALLY

GOLDEN-BROWN, IT HAS RAINBOW HUES IN THIS PHOTOGRAPH BECAUSE OF THE REFRACTION OF LIGHT.

LIFE IN A GLASS HOUSE: DIATOMS

78 CRITERIA DESIGN

FIGURE 5: DIATOM. COLOURED SCANNING ELECTRON MICROGRAPH (SEM) OF THE SURFACE OF THE MINERALISED CELL WALL (FRUSTULE) OF AN UNIDENTIFIED DIATOM

I chose this particular project as the reverse engineering because this might be the solution to my conceptial idea which is to create the filter structure that could create low water turbidity.

Diatom has its own natural nanotechnology, I’m interested in exploring the properties of diatom biosilica (structural, chemical, optical and mechanical), and their potential for nanotechnological applications (structural membranes and nanofabrications).

From Figure5, the Diatom shell is composed of structure is extremely sophisticated silica 10 to 50 nm hexagonal pore to form the wire mesh structure. This kind of complex structure can stop the light to escape. The grain incredibly algal crust can not only to enhance the hardness and strength of the diatoms, but also provide suspended mechanical properties, therefore improve the transport of nutrients and adsorption, adhesion, physiological function, and prevent the harmful substances to get in, and eventually enhance the light absorption rate.

4.Life in a Glass House: Diatoms Shatter Young Earth Flood Geology 2015 (NATURALIS HISTORIA, 2015) <https://

thenaturalhistorian.com/2015/02/23/life-in-a-glass-house-diatoms-shatter-young-earth-flood-geology/

LIFE IN A GLASS HOUSE: DIATOMS

CRITERIA DESIGN 79

FIGURE 5: DIATOM. COLOURED SCANNING ELECTRON MICROGRAPH (SEM) OF THE SURFACE OF THE MINERALISED CELL WALL (FRUSTULE) OF AN UNIDENTIFIED DIATOM

FIGURE 6: HEXAGONAL PORE

6

B.3. REVERSE ENGINEERING-STEP BY STEP

80 CRITERIA DESIGN

Hexgrid+Offseting Arrange the factor of scale and divided number

Cull Pattern+Offseting Output the geometry and planar the pattern

Cull Pattern+Voronoi Extrude the pattern of first layer and the frame of second layer

B.3. REVERSE ENGINEERING-STEP BY STEP

CRITERIA DESIGN 81

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TECHNIQUE:DEVELOPMENT

B.4

B.4. TEST - BIOMETIC PATTERN

Arrange the graph mapper and the proccess in B.3. to create complex and dense cell pattern of the first layer

Repeat the process above to mimick the complex cell pattern of the Diatom

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B.4. TEST - BIOMETIC PATTERN

CRITERIA DESIGN 85

Repeat the process above to mimick the complex cell pattern of the Diatom

Arrange the graph mapper and the proccess in B.3. to create complex and dense cell pattern of the first layer

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B.4. TEST - BIOMETIC SURFACE

CRITERIA DESIGN 87

B.4. TEST - BIOMETIC SURFACE

B.4. DIATOM CELL - POINT & SURFACE A

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Simulation Reset Timing +(Kangaroo) Scale 0.05


CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

Cell Pavilion-Original

Cell Pavilion-Line Charge

Cell Pavilion-Voronoi Frame


B.4. DIATOM CELL - POINT & SURFACE B1 B2 B3

CRITERIA DESIGN 89

Simulation Reset Timing -(Kangaroo) Scale 0.05





Simulation Reset Timing ++(Kangaroo) Scale 0.22




B.4. DIATOM CELL - SURFACE 1

C1

90 CRITERIA DESIGN

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN


C2 C3

CRITERIA DESIGN 91

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h

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CRITERIA DESIGN 93


i j

FO

B.4. SIMULATION TIME RESET - VOLUME 1

D E

Simulation Reset Timing ++(Kangaroo) 1 Sec



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FORM

FORM

FORM

FO

B.4. SIMULATION TIME RESET - VOLUME 1

F

CRITERIA DESIGN 95

g

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B.4. KANGAROO GENERATED MESH - VOLUME 2K

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CELL

PATTERN

CRITERIA DESIGN 97

B.4. KANGAROO GENERATED MESH - VOLUME 2L M

SELECTED OUTCOME

B.4

98 CRITERIA DESIGN

I’m interested in the swarm form that have biological performance. Refer to the site, I may use this form as stream track and adapt this winthin my design.

The shape here has a tunnel like form which could be used as the volume of my design. On the other hand, the fauna in the stream could also swim across in it.

The outcome produced here has the pattern of the Diatom Cell wall which could be adapted into the final design pattern. The outline of the panels here has clear strip structure which reminds me of the hinge connection and the truss structure.

This volume produced by kangaroo plugin is more desireable than the iterations in part A as it is more buildable and it has the freeform track with the opening space that allows fauna swim across. The complex pattern on the surface would be able to filter the dirt which is adaptable with my concept.

Scale & strength scale 0.22

CRITERIA DESIGN 99

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TECHNIQUE:PROTOTYPE

B.5

P

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CRITERIA DESIGN 103

DIATOM. COLOURED SCANNING ELECTRON MICROGRAPH (SEM) OF A SKELETONEMA PUNCTATUM DIATOM

INSPIRATION 1 SYMMETRIC TOOTHED

EXPANSION JOINTS

TEETH EXPANSION JOINT

104 CRITERIA DESIGN

CRITERIA DESIGN 105

In Diatom interior structure, the connection of the Diatom Shell has a appearance of teeth so that I was inspired to mimick this biometic structure with two section which can be connected by the teeth expansion joint. The structure is good in compression and provide support across the expansion void.This type of joint could hold for large movements of up to 2000 mm. Refer to the material, I used 3D printing-PLA to reemerge the biometic structure instead of machinary joints made out of steel which is expansive and high weight.

106 CRITERIA DESIGN

As I aimed to mimick the double-layered Ditom Filtering Function, I created this model by using 3D printing. The model has two layers in which one has single round pore, the other has denser pores in order to block the dirts or rubbish flowed in the water. 3D printing would not be the final method to construct my design, however, I’m enable to test the function of double layered structure.

P

TESTING

CRITERIA DESIGN 107

P

1 2 3 4

Prepare the spunge acted as rubbish and dirts

Place model in the bottle full of water

Place certain amout of spunge in the bottle full of water

lid the bottle to let the water flush the spunge throught the model

Clean the spunge -recycled material

Open the bottle and see the result

The model has successfully blocked the spunge

TESTING

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P

SMALL LOCKING PIN TO SECURE THE OTHER SIDE TO THE HINGE AND STOP ANY WOBBLE OR FLEX

INSPIRATION 2 FLEXIBLE HINGE CONNECTION

CRITERIA DESIGN 109

110 CRITERIA DESIGN

HINGE CONNECTION

CRITERIA DESIGN 111

HINGE CONNECTION

This is an imitation of the hinge used in the Parametric Screen. I built a hinge with two ends fit together and a pin secures the join. This hinge will be on the underside of the panel to bend in direction and help spread the loads outwards. A small locking pin is required to secure the other side to the hinge and stop any wobble or flex.

In stead of screwing into the pnael, I made 3mm hollow section in the middle of the hinge in order to notch the thickness of the perspex panel.

P

112 CRITERIA DESIGN

After modelling the 3D printed hinges, the result turns out as failture. As I chose PLA as 3D printing material, the surface is quite slumpy and rough so that the pin didn’t match the join. Therefore, I used steel hinge pin which has to replace the 3d printed pin. On the other hand, the join was not very flexible due to the rough edges or the frame. Therefore I need to remodel the hinge joint or I might use the manufactured metal hinge joint.

PFAILURE

Replaced Metal Hinge

Pin -1.5mm Diameters

3D Printed Hinge Pin

-2.8mm Diameters

CRITERIA DESIGN 113

P

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CRITERIA DESIGN 115

RIGID CONNECTION

In stead of using the previous Hinge Connection, I tried to use triangular joints with bolts and nuts to screw into the screen panels to create rigid connection to join. Laser cut and 3D printing allowed me to create precise panels and joints. The extended part of Joint 1 enables the wire or fiber optic to fix inside the joint. In this stage, I’m still trying to test the possibilities of connection.

PBolts & Nuts (Round Head)

-1/8” x 12mm Zinc Plated

Wire/Fiber Optic

Back Connection

JOINIT JOINIT

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TECHNIQUE:PROPOSAL

B.6

CRITERIA DESIGN 117

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B.6. TECHNIQUE: PROPOSAL

BIODIVERSITYFauna & Flora

CRITERIA DESIGN 119

B.6. TECHNIQUE: PROPOSAL

L,

Merri Creek on World Wetlands Day indicated that if healthy water levels are maintained, the flood control and habitat preservation could be maintained in order to sustain the biodiversity. In recent years, the creek here appears to be in condition with few signs of physical pollution (plastic, rubbish), and the bio-species decreased due to the water turbidity. From my observation, the creek seemed very quite and lifeless.

My design intention is to achieve low levels of water turbidity so that light is able to penetrate the waters to permit photosynthesis and sustain food sources for the fauna either from instream or from surrounding wetlands.

In order to achieve this goal, I would like to design a noticible structure located in the spot of the upper stream near Rushall by mimicking the function of Diatom-(1: Bio-mimetic Filter-material & internal double layer cell wall structure 2: Photosynthesis-Grid pore).

Victoria’s unique rivers and wetlands are home to millions of species. They sustain our way of living and our future, therefore we need to better manage our actions and reduce negative impacts to nature in order to interact and communicate with the natural environments.

Design Proposal

120 CRITERIA DESIGN

Several burst mains were determined to be the cause of discoloured water in Merri Creek

CREEK TIMELINE

SOURCE: EPA VICTORIA; MELBOURNE WATER

MERRI CREEK, which runs through Clifton Hill and Northcote, has won the dubious honour of being the city’s most polluted waterway due to heavy stormwater and industrial runoff

RUBBISH mounds and litter created by recent flash flooding

Wetlands originally constructed in 1989 and progressively planted with indigenous trees, shrubs and aquatic plants

2015

2011

2005

1989

CRITERIA DESIGN 121

2015

2011

2005

1989

B.7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES & OUTCOME

122 CRITERIA DESIGN

B.7. LEARNING OBJECTIVES & OUTCOME

CRITERIA DESIGN 123

Part B study allows me to get more familiar with using Grasshopper, I feel the design out come could be potential and enhanced by computation method. The computer program is always the best friend to help with the design process.

The computational tools not only for designers to model their design but also enhance the design by the process of modeling it as there were always potential design possibility during the computational process. Through the reverse engineering process, I was taught to find the design difficulties and solutions. Prototyping is great method for testing the reality of the design physically. It’s important for designers and architects to understand the way of achieving design in reality. No matter the prototypes are failed or succeeded, the process is more significant as it gives great opportunity to adapt and develop the idea.

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ALGORITHMIC SKETCHES

B.8

BY USING CULL PATTERN IN DIFFERENT VECTOR, IT COULD CREATE SECTION

AND PROFILE OF HUMAN FACE. THIS USEFUL METHOD COULD ALSO BE

USED TO CREATE MOVIE POSTER IN BINARY CODE EXPRESSION.

128 CRITERIA DESIGN

RUTTEN WEBINAR

BY USING CULL PATTERN IN DIFFERENT VECTOR, IT COULD CREATE SECTION

AND PROFILE OF HUMAN FACE. THIS USEFUL METHOD COULD ALSO BE

USED TO CREATE MOVIE POSTER IN BINARY CODE EXPRESSION.

CRITERIA DESIGN 129

RUTTEN WEBINAR

BY USING BREP-PLANE

ON CERTAIN GEOMETRY

AND CO-ORPERATE

WITH PROXIMITY 3D

TO FROM THIS.

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EVALUATING FIELDS

144 CRITERIA DESIGN

CRITERIA DESIGN 145

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GRAPH CONTROLLERS

CRITERIA DESIGN 149

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KANGAROO MESH

CRITERIA DESIGN 155

B.8. REFERENCE LIST

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CRITERIA DESIGN 157

[1] Interview with ICD/ITKE team on fiber-woven research pavilion 2013-14 (ERCO, 2014) <http://www.designboom.com/architecture/icd-itke-research-pavilion-2013-14-interview-08-18-2014/archdaily.com/770516/icd-itke-research-pavilion-2014-15-icd-itke-university-of-stuttgart

[2] Janine Benyus, (Ted Talk Biomimicry in Action, 2009) < https://www.ted.

com/talks/janine_benyus_biomimicry_in_action?language=en#

[3] Life in a Glass House: Diatoms Shatter Young Earth Flood Geology 2015 (NATURALIS HISTORIA, 2015) <https://thenaturalhistorian.com/2015/02/23/life-in-a-glass-house-diatoms-shatter-young-earth-flood-geology/

[4] Seroussi Pavilion I Biothing arch20, 2007) <http://www.arch2o.com/seroussi-pavilion-biothing/

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