air final journal

ADS :AIR Wang Ruosang 352115

CONTENT Part I Expression of Interest Case for Innovation 01 Architectural Discourse 02 Computational Design 03 Scripting Cultures Research Project 04 Matrix Practice 05 case study Part II Project Proposal Preliminary Design of Gateway Project 06 - 12 Explorations 13 Physical model Development after EOI 14 Site Analysi 15 Precedent 16 Concept 17 Computational Design 18 Contruction Detail 19 Final Site Plan 20 Site Model 1:500 21 Physical Model 1:100 Part III Learning Objectives and Outcomes.

Part I Expression of Interest

Case for Innovation01 Architectural Discourse

The images shows are my first year project “HEAD PIECE” in Virtual Environment class. It is the first time I learned about the digital fabrication. Virtual environment is kind of interactive, virtual image displays which can simulate places in real and imaginary worlds. It is always processed in computer screens or some stereoscopic dis-plays by using special techniques, giving user the illusion of displace-ment to another location. The course of virtual envi-ronment develops students’ ability to convey the original , thoughts and ideas into visual way, transfer-ring into the reality world. By tak-ing the course, I gained a better understanding in designing and a historical awareness of 2D and 3D’s pictorial traditio.

Zaha Hadid is one of my favorite architect. And I really like her new design the Bogota International Con-vention Center recently. The architectes aimed to creat a new business and civic node for the city of Bogotá that embodies values of functionality, interactivity and innovation, and can act as a catalyst for urban, social, economic and environmen-tal regeneration. The project presents an opportunity to structure a dynamic concept of building and public space, configuring a new urban order with significant improve-ments to the site’s technical, environmental and public space conditions A redefinition of the ground mass as a continuous landscape which weaves between the different site com-ponents can create a cohesive intergrated facilities. The proposal explores the potential of different visual fields within and around the site to maximize the openness. the proposal plans to exploit two main axes: the relationship between the new Centre and the Water Plaza and the connection between the car park and Corferias. The symbiotic relationship between the BICC, the Water Plaza and Corferias, drives and determines the arrange-ment of the building mass. By shifting it towards the Carrera 40, the building opens up towards the EAAB building’s podium, placing the public space at its core and providing a strong spatially integrated civic space by complementing the Water Plaza with an area where com-munity events can be staged at. The whole project has a lot of points which I could leared and used in my future work. the curling and smooth facade, collaborated with interesting patterns. The orgnization of spaces make an sense of flowing and move-ment which I’d like to creat in my work.

Project: Bogota International Con-vention Center. State: Competition. Location: Bogota, Colombia Design: Zaha Hadid with Patrik Schumacher

Case for Innovation01 Architectural Discourse

Metropol Parasol is a wooden building placed in La Encarnación square, in the old quarter of Seville, Spain. It was designed by the German architect Jürgen Mayer-Hermann and completed in April 2011. It has dimensions of 150 by 70 metres and an approximate height of 26 metres and claims to be the largest wooden structure in the world

Project: metropol Parasol. Redevelopment of Plaza de la Encarnician State: Competition. Location: Seville, Spain Design: Jurgen Mayer H, Andre Santer

the parametric work is amazing. the patterns, in one hand , is part of the museum, and in another hand, enlarge the space for communication with people, creating an large public space for entertating. And this structure is not only a decoration of the museum, it is multi-functional. It has restaurants, bars underearth and panorama terrace for tourists. The design and construction process of paremetic design would be helpful for my future work.

British architects NEX have designed this cubed timber pavilion for the Chelsea Flower Show in Lon-don with the same structural form as a leaf. Between the gaps in the timber capillaries are smaller frame-work elements made from recycled plastic, curved to resemble leaf cells. NEX extended the design concepts of the gar-den by looking closely at the cellular structure of plants and their processes of growth to inform the design’s development. The final structure was designed using computer algorithms that mimic natural growth and is intended to allow visitors to experience the patterns of biological structure at an unfamiliar scale.

Project: Times Eureka Pavilion Location: London UK Client: The London Times, Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew Architect Team: NEX – Alan Dempsey, Paul Loh, Michal Piasecki, Tomasz Starczewski James Chung

The design development of the pavilion fo-cused on the ‘bio-mimicry’ of leaf capillaries being embedded in the walls. The structural geometry was finalised to use primary timber capillaries (300dp x 140wd) to form the basic shape and supporting structure of the pavilion, inset with secondary timber cassettes that hold the cladding. Following completion of the 3D modelling to meet architectural and struc-tural needs, specialist Swiss timber fabricators Blumer Lehmann undertook detailed analysis and digital manufacturing of the structure. I think this project is really helpful for me to learn how to adopt the natural forms to computa-tional designs. As the gateway is located in the western fringe of melboure, which has beautiful natural views, I gonna to consider the natural environment and try to connect it with the parametric design of my project.

Case for Innovation02 Computational Design

In recent years, emerging computational design and manufacturing techniques have been introduced into the world of architecture. The notion of form, the digital esthetic has been dis-cussed a lot, and as the technology moves fast, the early 3d modeling software such as 3d Stu-dle Max, Alias Wavefront and others based on animation, are now more and moer being replaced by Rhino and Grasshopper, marking programming and parameterization of design models much more easier. Moreover, digital manufacturing techniques are becoming more and more accessible and af-fordable. Digital manufacturing buildings are no longer too expensive, but usually affordable and efficient than traditional produced buildings.

In recent years, emerging computational design and manufacturing tech-niques have been introduced into the world of architecture. The notion of form, the digital esthetic has been discussed a lot, and as the technology moves fast, the early 3d modeling software such as 3d Studle Max, Alias Wavefront and others based on animation, are now more and moer being replaced by Rhino and Grass-hopper, marking programming and parameterization of design models much more easier. Scripting is one of the most important factors in computational design. enables computer programing to be an intergral part of the design process. it opens up a world of opportunities for innovation, allowing the designers to combine the software in their own ways. Scripting is benifical to the approach of the computational design. It collaborate digital fabrication technologies, make the designning more easily and fast. Moreover, digital manufacturing techniques are becoming more and more accessible and affordable. Digital manufacturing build-ings are no longer too expensive, but usually affordable and efficient than tradi-tional produced buildings.

Case for Innovation03 Scripting Cultures

This work is composed of sixteen million faces and made from 2,700 layers of cardboard. It is the result of a cutting-edge computational process and people’s responses to it are just as im-probable. All these columns are composed of 16 million faces generated by computer. To make the design reality, laser cutters sliced the design out of 2,700 individual layers of 1mm-thick cardboard sheets. The layers were then stacked around a load-bearing core to produce a 2.7 meter-high prototype.

An abstracted Doric column is used as an input form to the subdivision processes. Un-like the minimal input of the Platonic Solids project, the abstracted column conveys significant topographical and topological information about the form to be generated. The input form contains data about the proportions of the column’s shaft, capital, and supplemental base. It also contains information about its fluting and entasis.

The input form is tagged to allow the subdivision process to distinguish between individual components. This allows a heterogeneous application of the process, with distinct local parameters settings. In addition to distinguishing among tagged components, the process parameters can be set to vary according to the input form’s topography as well as its topology. The result is a series of columns that exhibit both highly specific local conditions as well as an overall coherency and continuity. There are a lot great ideas of this pieces of work inspired me in the Gateway design, like using the dightal design to make kinds of structural and complicated orna-ment and layers . And it shows how to emgere the dightal fabrication in really functinal, actural design which will be an great precendents for the gateway design.

The pictures show one of the latest work by Michael Hansmeyer is an architect and pro-grammer who explore the use of algorithms and computation to generate architectural form. He is currently based in the CAAD group at ETH’s architecture department in Zurich. This project involves the conception and design of a new column order based on subdivision processes. It explores how subdi-vision can define and embellish this column order with an elaborate system of ornament.

Research Project04 matrix practice

Research Project04 matrix practice

Research Project 04 Matrix of Inspiration

Research Project04 matrix practice

Research Project04 Matrix of Inspiration

Research Project04 Matrix of Inspiration

Research Project05 case study Airspace Tokyo is a four-storey, mixed use residential and commercial building designed by Tokyo architect Hajime Masubuchi of Studio M. And the public faces of the building were developed by the Faulders Studio in San Francisco. The screen conceived as a protective airspace. The cellular design and double layering of the screen is like the lush vegetation. In the night, the screen modulates views in and out of the building, and casts shadows of the geometric voids onto the street.We choose this building as our case study project since it is the one which is quite like our ideal design for the gateway that we try to create an structural, tridimensional, and vivid project, Not been made of planar fa?ade and without skin.

Research Project05 case study The pictures shows the process of making the struc-ture by using grasshopper. we just randomly create several points in Rhino on a plan, and then use these points as center-points to create circles around it. and also et bound-aries between the edges of circles. As the distance be-tween centers are different, the circles shows irregular and unique shape.

These are the outcomes. they are dif-ferent and has various shape. They are created by increasing number of points, rearranging points, changing radius of circles and resetting boundaries.Our gateway project designed has also used some of the structures created in this stage

Research Project05 case study

case study models

Part II Project Proposal

Preliminaty Design of Gateway Project

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project 06 Exploration of Structure

Apply EOI into Case Study, transferred 2D facade into 3D structures, Using multiple single sheets lean against each other to make them able t

stand. and the shadows make it more vivid

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project06 Exploration of Structure

Three sheets form into triangle shape , make it stable Insipired us to design a gateway goes across the highway above head, that cars will be travel through this tunnel.

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project07 Exploration of Materials

testing with different by using shwoing by different colors

steel .Dark color steel will observe most of the light and reflect a little, therefore it will be harder to see at night. Steel is the strongest material in these three, it also function as the most load bearing layer for the structure.

acrylic Refraction and reflection will both happen in acrylic, will make it glowing at night when car-light shine on it

Reflective Materials

Reflective Material (Red) has the highest level of reflecting light, it will reflect the car-light at night that obvious for drivers to see, has similar function as a traffic sign and vehicle back light.

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project07 Exploration of Materials

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project 08 Exploration of Light

demonstrae what the structure may looks like at night when car driving through the gateway.People inside the gateway will experience the “shin-ing” structure.

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project09 Exploration of Twisting

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project10 Exploration of Bending

Preliminary Design of Gate way Project11 Exploration of Making Model

Preliminary Design of Gate way Project12 Exploration of Overlay

inspired by the overlay ideaas we chose to use plastic sheets the material is more flexible that curve are created as an resulte of natural load . Each layer of the structure has a dif-ferent degree of curve. Cars will drive under the structure into the channel that formed by the hollows of layers.

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project13 Physical Model 1

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project13 Physical Model 2

While we pour water on the model, structure sag down to the ground that create another from. With this structure, sound of car driving pass will also be deflect towards different direc-tion, may reduce noise pollution for neighbor areas. Wind load is very small . Curved shape roof make less air pressure on top of it when wind travel pass, which can cancel amount of structure dead load.

Preliminary Design of Gateway Project site plan

plan A

Plan B

After the discussion, our group got two plans re-sponse to the site choose. We all aggreed to put the gateway project between site A and site B, which across the princess freeway. Therefor, cars paasing by could have an chance to experience the gateway. Feedback from presentation:about site choose. the choice of site makes that only people from one direction could have chance to experience the gateway. this will be consulted and solved in final submis-

Part II Project ProposalDevelopment of Gateway Project after EOI

History The City of Wyndham is a Local Government Area in Victoria, Australia, located in the outer south-western sub-urbs of Melbourne, between Melbourne and the regional city of Geelong. The Wyndham District was first incorporated as a local

government entity in 1862.

Nature Well known for its biodiversity. There are many indig-enous species in Wyndham city. Faunas, grassland species, Coastal and Saltmarsh Flora, etc. city of Wyndham has great natural views.

Climate : The site has moderate oceanic climate and changeable weather conditions as same as most part of Melbourne. Wind and rainfall are important factors that should be con-sidered in the design of gateway project.

Local wind level: average 20km/h annually Rainfall : 546mmbannually

Development afte EOI14 Site Analysi

Human Settlement the Wyndham has experienced an rapidly change and development in more than hundred years. And now it occu-pies an area of 542 square kilometers, and had a population of 112,695,highly increased from 1476 in 1871.

According to the official data. About 60% people of Wyndham city travel between Wyndham city and Mel-bourne everyday for work. So the project will be mainly considered for the resi-dences who travel between Melbourne and Wyndham city to have an experience of the gateway.

Sunlights Sunlight is an another influential factor. People will experience different views of the gateway when moving pass in different time.

the graph in the right side shows the sunpath in different seasons. It is obvious that sunlights will go through in different ways and creating various shad-ows.

Development afte EOI14 Site Analysi

CHUNKY MOVEIn the process of developing the concept and form design. One of the precedents which in-spired a lot is the Chunky Move. It is orginally a dance performance, but our group were at-tracted by the interesting tools in the pictues, it is an large wood frame structure. It consists of many small wood squares, and they are connected with removable joints . In the performance video, every joint is connected with an cable. As the cables randomly moves higher and lower, the whole sreucture could has a wave movement. We were inspred by the movement of the structure, and continuously developing our

ideas in some aspects of movement, floating.

Development afte EOI15 Precedent

concept : from Flowing to FLOATINGIn the preliminary design of the gateway, the concept is ‘Flowing’. After many research and analysis of the site, the concepts developed into “FLOATING”. It is mainly inspired by the contionous urban change and de-velopment of Wyndham City, and the analysis of bird’s physicula structure. The change of the Wyndham, as well as the movement of birds flying rep-resents an strong sense of movement , floating sense. The gateway project willing to represents the entire appear-ance of Wyndam Ciy that is ‘flying’ and “floating” towards to a large develop-ment in different aspects in the near future.

Flying Birds

Changes, Development of Wyndham City

Development afte EOI16 Concept

Digital Model I The first one is mainly processed and developed from the preliminaty design . And it is soon be rejected as it could’t show our concept og floating. And it could only cover one roads which means only people from one direction could ex-perience the gateway

Digital Model II

The second one is the initial form of the final design. It became an symmetri-cal two sides structure, a bit like bird’s wings. But there is still some problems with the movement of the patterns which make the sense of floating

Digital Model III

The third one solved the problems met in preliminary ones. The patterns, in one side , are fixed in the columns , and in another sides, are connected by many cables. As the cables move ups and downs, the patterns will also move, just like flags. As people driving through the gateway, they could see the patterns floating in the are, slightly moving.

Development afte EOI17 Computational Design

The structure of this design contains series of different height curling columns from 12 meters to 16 meters, which arranged symmetrically next to the freeways. It extends 150 meters along freeways, and 15meters across the roads. And combined with thin, light weight membrane that one side of it hangs over on the columns and the other fixed on steel truss inside column, creating a cantilever structures. Using pulley sys-tem to achieve movement for the free end of membrane. The whole project will im-plying an sense of floating, flowing and movement.

Development afte EOI17 Computational Design

Final digital Model

Building Process of Gateway

step 1. step 2. step 3. step 4.

step 5. step 6. Finish

Dimensions of column, Pattern.

Development afte EOI18 Contruction Detail

movent —— pressure

store liquid Pump store pressure

solar energy electricity generator movement ——pressure

program control

movent —— pressure

Hydraulic System

steel screw piles concrete footing

aluminium cover steel trusses cables

bottom fixing connection between cables on pulley cables and steel trusses

connection ( AL cover AL frame ETFE membrane and steel trussed)

The pulley system is generated by a hydrau-lic system, which it to achive the smooth move-ment for the free-end membrane. The construc-tion of curling column, pulley systems, cables, and light weight ETFE membrane make the de-sign workable in really world while achieving the Floating concept. And the construction is quite sustainable, which suits the development propos-al of Wyndham City.

Material ETFE: ETFE (Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene) is a thermoplastic fluorocarbon-based polymer (a fluoro polymer). It has been successfully applied in architec-tural design as lightweight construction materials. ( eg, Water Cube ).Weight: only 1% the weight of glass, 0.15-0.25 kg/m2Thickness: 0.02-0.2mmLength: 15-30mThermal , Weather resistance: can be last as long as 25-35 years- High resilient, strong enough to bear 400 times its own weight.- Can be stretched to 3 times its length without loss of elasticity- Has a non-stick surface that resists dirt. Can be cleaned by rain water.- High light transmittance, max 95%- It’s 100% recyclable, also has good thermal insulation, when ETFE film is used in the two or three layer model- Excellent tearing resistance- Low permeability

Development afte EOI18 Construction Detail

The gateway is chosen to put in the north-esat side of the site, near the end of site A. It is quite flat, and the gateway convers two Princes Highway. Hence, People from defferent direction could experience the gateway.

Development afte EOI19 Final Site Plan

Development afte EOI20 Site Model 1:500

PHYSICAL MODEL

Development afte EOI20 Site Model 1:500

Development afte EOI21 Physical Model 1:100

Development afte EOI21 Physical Model 1:100

Development afte EOI21 Physical Model 1:100

Part III Learning Objectives and Outcomes

Design studio air could be regarded as the most challenging and hardest studio for me so far. It is really a long and tough term for most of the student. I have never used rhino or grasshopper before, and it is also the first time to do a huge group work with all of things I’m not familiar with. Hence, I was quite worried at first. After continuously weekly tutorials on Rhino and GH, I found it is quite interesting. Parametric design is really useful, it is accurate and efficient. although hard to learn how to use it. By reading books each week, we get to understand the importance of the digital modeling. Then, my skill of parametric design is enhanced by doing many exercise and communication with other group members. EOI is a new field for me, which I never heard before. In this studio, I began to understand how to do successful presenta-tion to clients, like generating an EOI argument or something else. It is an nice way to show what the architects wanted and could do to the clients. As most of the task of this studio are group works, it is also an challenge for me. People got different ideas, there could be argument, but the most important is to learning from each other, from mistakes, and try to understand each other and cooperate well. Compared with many other groups, our group has experienced an extremely hard time, but we finally finished all the works . It is nice to go through this tough journey with our group member together. I think I’ve learned a lot from this course. GH and Rhino skill, photography, rendering skills, laser cutting model, etc. And we stared to consider about the construction detail of the real project. It is not as easy as what we used to do, just design whatever we like. We need to think about what it would be like in real world , every details of design should be workable. In addition, learn to be critical and argue about my own design through different approaches is also one of the things which is vital in my architec-tural learning. This course introduced us to a huge range of knowledge, and there have been an new and higher standard for Uni Melb architecture student which push us forward. For my future study, I believe I would go on learning and practicing the parametric design and adopt what I’ve learned this semester in following works. I’m looking forward to the studio fire and the new things.

Learning Objective and Outcomes

Reference:

Archidaily, accessed in April 2012, http://www.arch-daily.com/58591/uk-pavilion-for- shanghai-world-ex-po- 2010-heatherwick-studio/ 

Zaha Hadid Architects homepage, ac-cessed in April 2012, http://www.zahahadid.com/archi-tecture/sunrise-tower/#, Rampley, Exploring Visual Cul-ture (2005), Kalay, Architectures New Media (2004)

Blog We Design, accessed in April,2012, http://blog.wedesigns.org/post/3762075456/fastcodesign-cardboard-columns, R&D: Michael Hansmeyer Cardboard Col-umns(2011)

Wyndham City Council. accessed in June, 2012, http://www.wyndham.vic.gov.au/. Sustainability and Biodiversity. ( 2012)