Aim, objective and methodology of transit oriented development (TOD)

NEED,AIM, OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY OF PROJECT

PROJECT – TRANSIT ORIENT DEVELOPMENT

PRESENTED BYURBAN DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT STUDENTS , MANIPAL UNIVERSITY

2.1NEED OF PROJECT (TOD)WHY IS TOD NEEDED?

ISSUE 1.Usability of MTRS and BRTS: Metro has been constructed but people don’t feel comfortable/ safe using it.

CAUSE:•Absence of parking near metro stations•It is not connecting main junctions•None of the MTRS and BRTS are within the walkable distance from residences

Picture showing location of jaipur metro station which is far from residential areas

Picture showing absence of metro stations on many main roads


ISSUE 2.Lack of safety for Women is biggest deterrent to public transport success.

CAUSE:•Lack of last mile connectivity by bus, cycle/ walk.• Unsafe streets, due to lack of ‘eyes of street’•unwalkable streets.• planned private para transit facilities

Statistics showing absence of security for women in metro cities

Articles about lack of safety for women


ISSUE 3.Car-Auto-centric sprawl type planning has created a private vehicle dependent city, very difficult for Public Transport users.

CAUSE:• segregated landuses,• large unwalkable block sizes, • large Roads with unusable footpaths, • construction of flyovers and cloverl eafs within city limits, leading to rupture of neighbourhoods & connectivity,• People-unfriendly urban design

Picture showing more number of private vehicles on delhi road due to insufficient public transport which is making congesion


ISSUE 4.Environmental Degradation – due to rapid urbanization, unplanned exploitation of natural resources, destruction of natural water systems, and rapid expansion on agricultural land

Due to environmental degradation human as well as all other creatures have to face great problems. Air pollution results in respiratory diseases,air-borne diseases, skin disease, throat and chest infection etc and also melts the snow that causes landslides and floods. water pollutioncauses various water-borne diseases such as cholera, typhoid, dysentery etc

CAUSE:• Lack of dense development• Lack of adequate low-income housing• Lack of Environmental Resource documentation & planning• Lack of ownership of public spaces in the city.

2.1.NEED OF PROJECT (TOD)WHY IS TOD NEEDED?

THE ONLY SOLUTION FOR ABOVE ISSUES IS TOD

TOD IS NEEDED IS FOR:

To make it easier, safer, faster and more convenient for people to use public transportation so that maximum number of people “have the choice” to leave their cars at home and shift to the use of public transport with in walkable distance.

2.2.AIM

• To Provide a variety and high-density mix of housing, employment and recreation options within walking/cycling distance of each other and of MRTS stations - in order to induce a lifestyle change towards healthier living and better quality of life.

2.3.OBJECTIVEThe following objectives are intended to effect well-planned transit oriented development :1. Transit Proximity and Station Area Boundaries 2. Station-specific Flexibility 3. Pedestrian and Bicycle Access 4. Mix of Land Uses5. Housing Affordability 6. Urban Design7. Street Design8. Parking9. Transportation and Traffic10.Vision for the Community 11.Regional Framework12.Environmental Considerations13.Economic Benefits14.Open Space 15.Public Facilities and Infrastructure


Focus and concentrate the highest density or land use intensity close to the rail transit station, and where feasible, above the rail transit station.


Examine the unique characteristics and needs of a particular station area when evaluating TOD principles to ensure the appropriate development intensity and mix of land uses relative to the existing and planned uses for the surrounding areas.


Provide safe pedestrian and bicycle travel to and from and within the station area

OBJECTIVEThe following objectives are intended to effect well-planned transit oriented development :1. Transit Proximity and Station Area Boundaries 2. Station-specific Flexibility 3. Pedestrian and Bicycle Access 4. Mix of Land Uses5. Housing Affordability 6. Urban Design7. Street Design8. Parking9. Transportation and Traffic10.Vision for the Community 11.Regional Framework12.Environmental Considerations13.Economic Benefits14.Open Space 15.Public Facilities and Infrastructure

Promote a mix of uses to ensure the efficient use of transit, to promote increased ridership during peak and off-peak travel periods in all directions, and to encourage different types of activity throughout the day.


Provide for arrange of housing opportunities by incorporating a mix of housing types and sizes and including housing for a range of different income levels.


Encourage excellence in urban design, including site planning, streetscape and building design, which creates a pedestrian-focused sense of place.


Provide a grid of safe, attractive streets for all users which provide connectivity throughout the site and to and from adjacent areas.


Encourage the use of transit while maximizing the use of available parking throughout the day and evening and minimizing the visual impact of parking structures and surface parking lots.


Promote a balance between the intensity of TOD and the capacity of the multimodal transportation infrastructure provided and affected by TOD, and provide for and accommodate high quality transit,pedestrian, and bicycle infrastructure and services and other measures to limit single occupant vehicle trips.


Strive to achieve a broadly inclusive, collaborative. community participation process when evaluating TOD plans that propose substantial changes in use, intensity or density for existing or new transit station areas planning efforts.


Provide a more efficient land use pattern by concentrating growth around existing and planned transit station areas.


Seek opportunities for mitigating environmental impacts of development.


Create an employment base and encourage commercial revitalization adjacent to transit facilities.


Provide publicly-accessible, high-quality, usable open space.


Evaluate opportunities to include public facility improvements and services with in the TOD area.

2.4.METHODOLOGY