AIM: How were the 4 Middle Colonies established?
AIM: How were the 4 Middle Colonies established?.
Dec 29, 2015
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AIM: How were the 4 Middle Colonies established?
1. New York1. New York
It all began withIt all began with
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
It all began withIt all began with
Henry Hudson’s Henry Hudson’s VoyagesVoyages
New NetherlandsNew NetherlandsNew NetherlandsNew NetherlandsNew Netherlands – 1623-1624)
§ Established by Dutch West India Company for quick-profit fur trade.
§ [New Amsterdam]- port city
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16601660
New Amsterdam, New Amsterdam, 16601660
§ patroonships – huge estates granted to people who would settle 50 families on them
§ diverse population - many different languages.
Then the English Came…Then the English Came…Then the English Came…Then the English Came…
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColony
New Netherlands New Netherlands Becomes a British Royal Becomes a British Royal
ColonyColonyCharles II granted New Netherland’s
land to his brother, the Duke of York
1664 English soldiers arrived.
Dutch had little ammunition and poor defenses.
Governor Peter Stuyvesant forced to surrender without firing a shot since colonists disliked him….
Renamed “New York”
England gained a great harbor
England now controlled the Atlantic coast!
Who were the QuakersWho were the QuakersWho were the QuakersWho were the Quakers
Called Quakers because they “quaked” during intense religious practices.
They refused to pay taxes to support the Church of England.
Believed all were children of God refused to treat the upper classes with more respect
Keep hats on.
Addressed them as commoners ”thees”/“thous.”
Wouldn’t take oaths.
Pacifists- hated war
Aristocratic Englishman.
1681 he received agrant from king toestablish a colony.
§ Named Pennsylvania
[“Penn’s Woodland”].
§ Called the “holy experiment”
William PennWilliam PennWilliam PennWilliam Penn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Royal Land Grant to Royal Land Grant to PennPenn
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Penn’s Treaty with Penn’s Treaty with thetheNative AmericansNative Americans
Penn & Native AmericansPenn & Native AmericansPenn & Native AmericansPenn & Native Americans
Bought [didn’t simply take] land from Indians.
Quakers went among the Indians unarmed.
BUT…….. non-Quaker Europeans flooded PA
§ Treated native peoples poorly.
Government of PennsylvaniaGovernment of PennsylvaniaGovernment of PennsylvaniaGovernment of Pennsylvania
Representative assembly- elected by landowners.
No tax-supported church.
Freedom of worship - to all.
Death penalty only for treason & murder.
Compared to 200 capital crimes in England!
Pennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian SocietyPennsylvanian Society
Attracted many different people
§ Religious misfits from other colonies.
§ Many different ethnic groups.
religious toleration
No slavery!!A society that gave its citizens economic opportunity, civil liberty,
& religious freedom!!
• German Speaking Protestants- the Amish
Urban Population Urban Population GrowthGrowth
1650 - 17751650 - 1775
Urban Population Urban Population GrowthGrowth
1650 - 17751650 - 1775
Duke of York’s Original Duke of York’s Original CharterCharter
Duke of York’s Original Duke of York’s Original CharterCharter
3. New Jersey
3. New Jersey
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
New Jersey — PA’s New Jersey — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
1664 Lord Berkeley & Sir George Carteret the area from the Duke of York.
Called a proprietary colony
Fertile farmland
1702- became a royal colony
4. Delaware4. Delaware
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
Delaware — PA’s Delaware — PA’s NeighborNeighbor
Was originally part of Pennsylvania
People did not want totravel to Philadelphia to their assembly
Formed their own colony-1704
– Trade- (tools and weapons)
– Farming- (cash crops)• Wheat, barley, rye
– Known as the breadbasket colonies
– Large farms
• Life in the Backcountry:– Along the Appalachian Mts.
– Lived with natives & learned from them
– Rough Lifestyle- thick forests
– Outdoorsmen
Many Ethnic Groups= Many Ethnic Groups= diversitydiversity
Many Ethnic Groups= Many Ethnic Groups= diversitydiversity
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