Aim: How was Latin America impacted by the ideas of Enlightenment and the French Revolution?

Aim: How was Latin America Aim: How was Latin America impacted by the ideas of impacted by the ideas of

Enlightenment and the French Enlightenment and the French Revolution?Revolution?

Do Now: How would you describe yourself? Do Now: How would you describe yourself? American? Italian American? Irish American? American? Italian American? Irish American? Latino? Why?Latino? Why?

Predict what revolutionaries in Latin America Predict what revolutionaries in Latin America will be fighting againstwill be fighting against

NationalismNationalism

NationalismNationalism is commonly defined as a love is commonly defined as a love for one's country.  Historically, however, for one's country.  Historically, however, nationalism takes on a far greater meaning.  nationalism takes on a far greater meaning.  Throughout history, large groups of people Throughout history, large groups of people who share a who share a cultural identitycultural identity (language, (language, customs, history) have felt the pulling power customs, history) have felt the pulling power of nationalistic feeling.  The spirit of of nationalistic feeling.  The spirit of nationalism also includes the belief that one's nationalism also includes the belief that one's nation is better off as an autonomous state. nation is better off as an autonomous state. 

Nationalism Nationalism

AutonomyAutonomy is defined as a nation governing is defined as a nation governing itself independently from a itself independently from a centralizedcentralized point.  point.  Still another aspect of nationalism is the Still another aspect of nationalism is the willingness to go to extreme measures in willingness to go to extreme measures in achieving autonomous self-rule. achieving autonomous self-rule. 

RevolutionsRevolutions, wars, ethnic tension, and other , wars, ethnic tension, and other conflicts of varying degrees have occurred conflicts of varying degrees have occurred throughout history because of a love for one's throughout history because of a love for one's country.  The spirit of nationalism has shaped country.  The spirit of nationalism has shaped the histories and destinies of many countries.  the histories and destinies of many countries.  Nationalism can Nationalism can uniteunite people into cohesive, people into cohesive, stable nations.  Likewise, it can stable nations.  Likewise, it can teartear nations nations apart which can result in long periods of social apart which can result in long periods of social upheaval and political chaos. upheaval and political chaos.

Discussion QuestionsDiscussion Questions

Define and give examples of NationalismDefine and give examples of Nationalism

Define and give examples of Revolution (s)Define and give examples of Revolution (s)

Good, Bad or Both? Good, Bad or Both?

Describe how pride or too much pride could be a Describe how pride or too much pride could be a bad thing.bad thing.

Explain why nationalism is both a positive and Explain why nationalism is both a positive and a negative forcea negative force

Causes of Latin American Causes of Latin American RevolutionsRevolutions

The French Revolution and the American The French Revolution and the American revolutions provided the spark for revolutions provided the spark for independenceindependence

The rise of Revolutionary leaders raised on the The rise of Revolutionary leaders raised on the ideas of the ideas of the EnlightenmentEnlightenment

““El Grito de Dolores” The Cry of El Grito de Dolores” The Cry of DoloresDolores

““My Children, will you be free? Will you My Children, will you be free? Will you make the effort to recover the lands stolen make the effort to recover the lands stolen from your forefathers by the hated from your forefathers by the hated Spaniards 300 years ago.”Spaniards 300 years ago.”

Who do you think the children are in Who do you think the children are in this quote?this quote?

Describe how the Spaniards are being Describe how the Spaniards are being described?described?

How could this quote possibly How could this quote possibly influence the quest for independence?influence the quest for independence?

Latin American RevolutionsLatin American Revolutions

As we go through the slide show, As we go through the slide show, please fill in your Graphic organizer please fill in your Graphic organizer

and answer the questions. and answer the questions.

Father Miguel HidalgoFather Miguel HidalgoMexico: 1810-1820Mexico: 1810-1820

Rallied support with his Rallied support with his speech, “El Grito de speech, “El Grito de Dolores” (The Cry of Dolores” (The Cry of Dolores)Dolores)

Poor Mexicans fight for Poor Mexicans fight for “Independence and Liberty” “Independence and Liberty” from Spain.from Spain.

Hidalgo, considered too Hidalgo, considered too radical for some, was radical for some, was executed and several other executed and several other leaders eventually achieved leaders eventually achieved independence.independence.

Toussaint L’OuvertureToussaint L’OuvertureHaiti: 1791-1820Haiti: 1791-1820

Begins movement for Begins movement for Haiti’s independence Haiti’s independence from France.from France.

Freed slave who became Freed slave who became “brave leader”“brave leader”

Haiti gains Haiti gains independence due to the independence due to the French being spread too French being spread too thin, and falling victim thin, and falling victim to yellow feverto yellow fever

Simón BolívarSimón Bolívar“The Liberator”“The Liberator”

Educated Creole Educated Creole Leads independence Leads independence

movements in movements in Venezuela, New Venezuela, New Granada (Colombia), Granada (Colombia), Ecuador, Peru, and Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia against Spain.Bolivia against Spain.

1810-18221810-1822 Joins forces with José Joins forces with José

de San Martínde San Martín

Independence for BrazilIndependence for Brazil

Peaceful IndependencePeaceful Independence King of Portugal introduced many reformsKing of Portugal introduced many reforms Constitution with free press, free relgion, and a Constitution with free press, free relgion, and a

legislaturelegislature

José de San MartínJosé de San Martín

1810s1810s Educated CreoleEducated Creole Leads independence Leads independence

movements in Chile and movements in Chile and PeruPeru

10A--Analyzing Documents10A--Analyzing Documents

Was Bolivar truly “The Liberator?” Consider this Was Bolivar truly “The Liberator?” Consider this document:document:

Taken from the memoirs of Taken from the memoirs of Bolivar’s own chief of staff:Bolivar’s own chief of staff:

“Meanwhile he organized his government, in which he united in himself the three powers, --legislative, executive, and judicial; in virtue of

which, he became absolute master of the liberty, prosperity, and lives of his countrymen. He named to offices those who could flatter him most. This dictatorship was…an absolute,

despotic, military government.

Student Debriefing ActivityStudent Debriefing Activity

Working in Pairs:Working in Pairs: Read: Latin American Peoples Win Read: Latin American Peoples Win

Independence Independence Answer Questions 1-4 and Skill builder 1-2Answer Questions 1-4 and Skill builder 1-2

H.W.H.W. Create a poster that represents your Create a poster that represents your

nationality. Feel free to be creative!! nationality. Feel free to be creative!!

Evaluate whether the revolutions of Evaluate whether the revolutions of Latin America succeeded in bringing Latin America succeeded in bringing

the ideals of the Enlightenment to the ideals of the Enlightenment to the Peoplethe People

In a T Chart- list the Similarities/DifferencesIn a T Chart- list the Similarities/Differences

SimilaritiesSimilarities

DifferencesDifferences

How did the Enlightenment and the How did the Enlightenment and the French Revolution lead to French Revolution lead to

Revolutions in Latin America?Revolutions in Latin America?

Summary In a paragraph, Summary In a paragraph, discuss the similarities of Revolutionsdiscuss the similarities of Revolutions Influence of the EnlightenmentInfluence of the Enlightenment Influence of the French RevolutionInfluence of the French Revolution