Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal life functions. HW#20 Text read pages 473,477 to 481 read pages 482 – 487 Answer ques. 1 – 16 page 491
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Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals? 5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal.
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Aim: How do pathogens infect plants and animals?
5.2b Viruses, bacteria, fungi and other parasites may infect plants and animals and interfere with normal life functions.
HW#20
Text read pages 473,477 to 481
read pages 482 – 487
Answer ques. 1 – 16 page 491
Bacteria are found everywhere…
• Microbiologists broadly classify bacteria according to their shape: spherical, rod-shaped, and spiral-shaped.
• Cocci• Bacilli• Spirilla
Beneficial bacteria are found in living things..
Beneficial Intestinal Bacteria
Some benefits of PROBIOTICS•augments the immune system •alleviates anxiety •prevents arterial disease, lowering cholesterol •prevents and controls diarrhea •inhibits food pathogens and enhances food preservation •inhibits tumors and carcinogenesis •fights fungal/yeast/candida infections •promotes/aids liver function and detoxification •produces natural antibiotic-like agents that fight and
prevent bacterial infections •prevents osteoporosis and promotes longevity
Beneficial bacteria are found in soil..
Beneficial bacteria are used to make food.
Yogurt Cheese
Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus
• Antibiotics, also known as antimicrobial drugs, are drugs that fight infections caused by bacteria. After their discovery in the 1940's they transformed medical care and dramatically reduced illness and death from infectious diseases. However, over the decades the bacteria that antibiotics control have developed resistance to these drugs. Today, virtually all important bacterial infections in the United States and throughout the world are becoming resistant. For this reason, antibiotic resistance is among CDC's top concerns.
Differences between viruses and bacteria
Virus• 0.01 to 0.3 micron
• envelope called a protein coat and a core of genetic material, either DNA or RNA
• invade other cells and hijack their cellular machinery to reproduce
Bacteria•0.3 to 2.0 micron
•rigid cell wall and a thin, rubbery cell membrane surrounding the fluid, or cytoplasm (organelles)
•reproduce themselves
What is a virus and are they living or non-living?
• Ebola Virus • Chicken Pox Virus
T4 BacteriophageTobacco Mosaic
Virus Influenza Virus
Head
Tail sheath
DNA
Tail fiber
RNACapsid
Surfaceproteins Membrane
envelope
RNA
Capsidproteins
Section 19-3
Figure 19-13 Virus Structures
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Viruses come in a variety of sizes and shapes. It is composed of a core of DNA or RNA, surrounded by a