AHSGE Social Studies Guide Updated 3-03-09 C. Johnson.

AHSGE Social Studies AHSGE Social Studies GuideGuide

Updated 3-03-09Updated 3-03-09

C. JohnsonC. Johnson

What was the result of the What was the result of the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854 as to who should decide the as to who should decide the issue of slavery?issue of slavery?

• The voters

What political party was formed What political party was formed in the 1850’s that supported the in the 1850’s that supported the anti-slavery platform ( also, it is anti-slavery platform ( also, it is known as the party of Lincoln)?known as the party of Lincoln)?

• Republican

What government party What government party opposed the expansion of opposed the expansion of slavery into the new territories?slavery into the new territories?

• Republican

What famous court case upheld What famous court case upheld the right of slave owners as the right of slave owners as property holders and disallowed property holders and disallowed slaves to file court cases?slaves to file court cases?

• Scott vs. Sanford (the Dred Scott decision)

What European movement starting What European movement starting in 1096 resulted in exposure to in 1096 resulted in exposure to Middle Eastern and Asian goods Middle Eastern and Asian goods (after a failed attempt to take away (after a failed attempt to take away the Holy Lands from the Muslims)?the Holy Lands from the Muslims)?

• The Crusades

What act passed by the Republican What act passed by the Republican dominated congress ( during the Civil War) dominated congress ( during the Civil War) gave large land grants to states from the gave large land grants to states from the federal government in order to form colleges federal government in order to form colleges that would focus on agriculture, mechanics, that would focus on agriculture, mechanics, and military tactics?and military tactics?

• The Morrill Land Grant Act of 1859

Which abolitionist (anti-slavery Which abolitionist (anti-slavery person) led the 1859 massacre at person) led the 1859 massacre at Pottawatomie Creek, KS and led Pottawatomie Creek, KS and led the raid on the federal arsenal at the raid on the federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry?Harper’s Ferry?

• John Brown

What was the southern What was the southern economy based on before the economy based on before the Civil War?Civil War?

• Agriculture ( mainly cotton)

How was the south’s economy How was the south’s economy different from the north’s different from the north’s economy before the Civil War?economy before the Civil War?

• The south’s economy was mainly agricultural (cotton)

• The north’s economy was balanced with both industrial and agricultural

The large industrial cities of the The large industrial cities of the 1800’s were located in what 1800’s were located in what area of the country?area of the country?

• The North

Southern states began to Southern states began to secede when _____ was secede when _____ was elected president .elected president .

• Abraham Lincoln

What state was the first to What state was the first to secede from the union in 1860?secede from the union in 1860?

• South Carolina

Where was the first capitol of Where was the first capitol of the Confederacy?the Confederacy?

• 1st Montgomery, AL

• 2nd was in Richmond, VA

• 3rd Danville, VA

What city is known as the cradle What city is known as the cradle of the Confederacy?of the Confederacy?

• Montgomery, AL

What county in Alabama never What county in Alabama never seceded from the Union?seceded from the Union?

• The Free State of Winston (Winston County, Alabama

What state was actually split What state was actually split over the decision to secede and over the decision to secede and eventually became two states?eventually became two states?

• Virginia ( West Virginia)

What European movement What European movement occurring between 1350 and 1550 occurring between 1350 and 1550 resulted in new art, technology, and resulted in new art, technology, and a return to classical thought?a return to classical thought?

• The Renaissance

What were the Spanish What were the Spanish explorers called who searched explorers called who searched for “God, gold, and glory”?for “God, gold, and glory”?

• Conquistadors

Who conquered the Incas in the Who conquered the Incas in the early 1530’s?early 1530’s?

• Francisco Pizarro ( You don’t want ink (Inca) on your pizza (Pizarro)

Who discovered the Bahamas, Who discovered the Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola in 1492?Cuba, and Hispaniola in 1492?

• Christopher Columbus

Who discovered the New Who discovered the New England coastline in 1497?England coastline in 1497?

• John Cabot

Which European discovered the Which European discovered the Pacific Ocean in 1513?Pacific Ocean in 1513?

• Balboa

What famous English document What famous English document (signed in 1215 by King John I) was (signed in 1215 by King John I) was the beginning point for the beginning point for representative government and representative government and protection of individual rights (ex: protection of individual rights (ex: due process)?due process)?

• Magna Carta

Who discovered Mexico for Who discovered Mexico for Spain in 1519?Spain in 1519?

• Hernan Cortes

What terms are used to What terms are used to describe the exchange of goods describe the exchange of goods between Europe and the between Europe and the America’s after Columbus’s America’s after Columbus’s discovery?discovery?

• Columbian Exchange

What was one of the complaints What was one of the complaints listed in the listed in the Ninety-Five Ninety-Five Theses?Theses?

• The Catholic Church’s selling of indulgences (Ex: If you steal something, you can buy indulgence and not have to pay for the sin after you die. This is not referenced in the Bible)

What European movement (started What European movement (started by Martin Luther’s posting of the by Martin Luther’s posting of the Ninety-Five Theses in 1517) Ninety-Five Theses in 1517) resulted in changes in the Catholic resulted in changes in the Catholic Church, the rise development of the Church, the rise development of the Protestant churches, and religious Protestant churches, and religious wars?wars?

• Reformation

What was the name of the first What was the name of the first American settlement in 1565 by American settlement in 1565 by Europeans?Europeans?

• St. Augustine

What was the first successful What was the first successful English settlement in the New English settlement in the New World (1607)?World (1607)?

• Jamestown

• Major Crop was Tobacco

What was the 1619 legislature What was the 1619 legislature of the Virginia colony called (the of the Virginia colony called (the first representative government first representative government in the New World)?in the New World)?

• The House of Burgesses

• Burgess is an old term for representative.

What religious movement What religious movement occurred in the 1730’s and occurred in the 1730’s and 1740’s in the colonies?1740’s in the colonies?

• The Great Awakening

What French philosopher came What French philosopher came up with the idea of a three-up with the idea of a three-branch government which branch government which creates a separation of powers?creates a separation of powers?

• Montesquieu ( early to mid 1700’s)

What war started over a dispute What war started over a dispute concerning the Ohio Valley?concerning the Ohio Valley?

• The French and Indian War

What ended the French and What ended the French and Indian War?Indian War?

• The Treaty of Paris of 1763

What war put the British/English What war put the British/English into debt and forced them to tax into debt and forced them to tax and closely monitor the troops and closely monitor the troops in Boston?in Boston?

• The French and Indian War

• The French and Indians were allies against the British/English

Why were the Stamp, Why were the Stamp, Townshend, and Sugar Acts Townshend, and Sugar Acts unpopular with the people?unpopular with the people?

• They all created taxes

What acts were enforced by the What acts were enforced by the British/English that were already British/English that were already in place in the 1760’s?in place in the 1760’s?

• The Navigation Acts

What did the Navigation Acts What did the Navigation Acts do?do?

• The caused a lack of free trade in the colonies during the time of British/English rule.

What was the main reason the What was the main reason the American colonies protested American colonies protested against British rule?against British rule?

• Taxation without representation

What occurred in 1770 that What occurred in 1770 that resulted in 5 colonists being resulted in 5 colonists being shot and killed by British troops shot and killed by British troops in Boston?in Boston?

• The Boston Massacre

Who was the leader of the Sons Who was the leader of the Sons of Liberty ( men for U.S. of Liberty ( men for U.S. independence)?independence)?

• Samuel Adams

• (He was one of the leaders of the Boston Tea Party

What 1773 act of colonial What 1773 act of colonial protestation resulted in the protestation resulted in the Coercive (Intolerable) Acts being Coercive (Intolerable) Acts being passed by the British parliament?passed by the British parliament?

• Boston Tea Party

• Colonists dumped tea into the Boston Harbor.

What was the first meeting What was the first meeting called when 12 colonies sent called when 12 colonies sent delegates to Philadelphia to delegates to Philadelphia to discuss British tyranny (and discuss British tyranny (and take action)?take action)?

• The First Continental Congress (1774)

Who served as the commander Who served as the commander of the Continental Army during of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War (late the Revolutionary War (late 1775 to 1781)?1775 to 1781)?

• George Washington

Who made the famous ride Who made the famous ride warning the colonists that the warning the colonists that the Redcoats were coming?Redcoats were coming?

• Paul Revere

• The Redcoats were the British soldiers

The first skirmishes of the The first skirmishes of the Revolutionary War occurred in Revolutionary War occurred in what two Massachusetts’s what two Massachusetts’s town?town?

• Lexington and Concord in April 1775

What American colonist gave What American colonist gave the famous speech stating,the famous speech stating,“Give me liberty, or give me “Give me liberty, or give me death?” death?”

• Patrick Henry• He was trying to persuade people to fight

for U.S. Independence in March 1775

What group sent the Olive What group sent the Olive Branch Petition and wrote the Branch Petition and wrote the Declaration of Independence?Declaration of Independence?

• Second Continental Congress (started in 1775)

What document was sent to What document was sent to King George III as a final King George III as a final attempt at peace by the attempt at peace by the colonists in July 1775?colonists in July 1775?

• The Olive Branch Petition

What document was sent to the What document was sent to the British informing them of British informing them of colonial independence?colonial independence?

• The Declaration of Independence July 4, 1776

Jefferson used this idea (in the Dec. of Jefferson used this idea (in the Dec. of Indep.), which allows for a people to Indep.), which allows for a people to overthrow its rulers if their natural rights overthrow its rulers if their natural rights are not longer being protested. It also are not longer being protested. It also implies that an entire society agrees to implies that an entire society agrees to be governed by its general will. It is be governed by its general will. It is the___________.the___________.

• This is the Social Contract Theory

This Social Contract Theory as This Social Contract Theory as advocated by _________.advocated by _________.

• John Locke: Two Treatises of Government in 1689

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau: The Social Contract in 1762

The Declaration of The Declaration of Independence states that the Independence states that the government exists to benefit its government exists to benefit its what?what?

• citizens

What two battles were the What two battles were the turning point in the turning point in the Revolutionary War (resulting in Revolutionary War (resulting in France becoming our ally)?France becoming our ally)?

• The Battles at Saratoga (Sept. – Oct. 1777).

Where were Washington’s troop Where were Washington’s troop encamped during the harsh encamped during the harsh winter of 1777-1778?winter of 1777-1778?

• Valley Forge

What was the last major battle What was the last major battle of the Revolutionary War of the Revolutionary War (Cornwallis surrendered to (Cornwallis surrendered to Washington)?Washington)?

• Yorktown (Sept. – Oct. 1781)

What was the treaty called What was the treaty called which gave the U.S. its which gave the U.S. its independence from Great independence from Great Britain?Britain?

• Treaty of Paris 1783

What was the first set of laws What was the first set of laws governing the U.S?governing the U.S?

• Articles of Confederation

• This allowed the government to declare was and sign treaties, but did not allow the government to collect taxes.

What famous convention was What famous convention was held to replace the weak held to replace the weak Articles of Confederation with a Articles of Confederation with a more centralized government?more centralized government?

• Constitutional Convention of 1787

The Constitution allows for power The Constitution allows for power to be shared between the national to be shared between the national government and the states. What government and the states. What kind of system is this?kind of system is this?

• Federalism

What was the solution to the What was the solution to the problem of representation at the problem of representation at the convention called?convention called?

• Great Compromise (aka Connecticut Plan)• This was a compromise between the Virginia

(Big State) and New Jersey (Small State) plans.

What was the solution to the What was the solution to the problem of how to count slaves problem of how to count slaves for representation purposes?for representation purposes?

• Three-fifths Compromise

The Opening paragraph of the The Opening paragraph of the Constitution (“We the people…”) Constitution (“We the people…”) is called what?is called what?

• The Preamble

The Constitution calls for a The Constitution calls for a three-branch government three-branch government

creating a separation of ……creating a separation of ……

• Powers

What is the clause called which What is the clause called which gives Congress broad powers?gives Congress broad powers?

• Elastic Clause

The Elastic Clause allows The Elastic Clause allows Congress to pass any laws that Congress to pass any laws that are …….are …….

• “necessary and proper”

A word for interpretation of the A word for interpretation of the Constitution is called ….Constitution is called ….

• Strict Construction

A broad interpretation of the A broad interpretation of the Constitution is calledConstitution is called

• Loose Construction

Which U.S. president warned Which U.S. president warned Americans about political parties Americans about political parties because he felt it would weaken the because he felt it would weaken the national government?national government?

• George Washington

Who warned Americans about Who warned Americans about competing political parties in his competing political parties in his farewell address?farewell address?

• George Washington

In what direction did the United In what direction did the United States start to expand?States start to expand?

• The West

What ordinance dealt with the What ordinance dealt with the admittance of new states as equal admittance of new states as equal to current states, territorial to current states, territorial governments, and the prohibition of governments, and the prohibition of slavery?slavery?

• The Northwest Ordinance of 1787

What ordinance was passed in What ordinance was passed in 1785 that divided territory in the 1785 that divided territory in the old northwest into townships?old northwest into townships?

• The Land Ordinance of 1785

What papers were written by What papers were written by Jay, Hamilton, and Madison Jay, Hamilton, and Madison encouraging the passage of the encouraging the passage of the Constitution?Constitution?

• The Federalist Papers

• [They were for a strong national (aka federal) government]

What addition was made (because What addition was made (because of anti-federalist demands, due to of anti-federalist demands, due to fears that the national/federal fears that the national/federal government was too strong) to the government was too strong) to the Constitution giving further Constitution giving further protection for individual rights?protection for individual rights?

• Bill of Rights ( first 10 Amendments)

What two political parties What two political parties emerged after the debate over emerged after the debate over ratification of the Constitution?ratification of the Constitution?

• Federalists and Democratic-Republicans

Who developed the economic Who developed the economic plan for the U.S. during the plan for the U.S. during the 1790’s1790’s

• Alexander Hamilton

Who served as chief justice of Who served as chief justice of the Supreme Court for 34 years the Supreme Court for 34 years (1801-1835) and helped shape (1801-1835) and helped shape a powerful national a powerful national government?government?

• John Marshall

What famous 1803 Supreme What famous 1803 Supreme Court ruling established judicial Court ruling established judicial review?review?

• Marbury vs. Madison

What is judicial review?What is judicial review?

• The power to declare laws unconstitutional or illegal

What animal was hunted and What animal was hunted and heavily relied upon by Plains heavily relied upon by Plains Indians?Indians?

• Buffalo

What was one of the main What was one of the main reasons that the Native reasons that the Native American population American population decreased?decreased?

• Their immune systems were not able to successfully fight the new diseases that Europeans brought to North America (ex: smallpox)

What action allowed President What action allowed President Thomas Jefferson to double the Thomas Jefferson to double the size of the U.S. in 1803?size of the U.S. in 1803?

• The Louisiana Purchase

Who did President Jefferson Who did President Jefferson hire to explore the west from hire to explore the west from 1804-1806?1804-1806?

• Lewis and Clark

The U.S. fought the British The U.S. fought the British again in what war?again in what war?

• War of 1812• The Americans declared war on Britain on June 18, 1812

for a combination of reasons, including outrage at the impressment (conscription) of American sailors into the British navy, frustration at British restraints on neutral trade, and anger at alleged British military support for American Indians defending their tribal lands from encroaching American settlers.)

What law was passed by Jefferson What law was passed by Jefferson that disallowed trade with other that disallowed trade with other nations ( including Britain) and led nations ( including Britain) and led to the War of 1812?to the War of 1812?

• The Embargo Act

What term was used to describe What term was used to describe the British navy from forcing the British navy from forcing Americans into service?Americans into service?

• Impressment ( conscription – forcing men into military service)

What idea, originating from the What idea, originating from the 1840’s Jacksonian Democrats, is 1840’s Jacksonian Democrats, is defined as the belief that God defined as the belief that God intends for the United States to intends for the United States to stretch from coast to coast?stretch from coast to coast?

• Manifest Destiny (“ from sea to shining sea”)

Why did the U.S. fight Mexico Why did the U.S. fight Mexico (Mexican War) in 1846-1848?(Mexican War) in 1846-1848?

• Land acquisition (California and New Mexico Territories

What War of 1812 battle resulted in What War of 1812 battle resulted in the protection of Baltimore, the protection of Baltimore, Maryland and Francis Scott Key’s Maryland and Francis Scott Key’s inspiring “Star Spangled Banner” inspiring “Star Spangled Banner” (national anthem)?(national anthem)?

• Ft. McHenry

What War of 1812 battle did What War of 1812 battle did Jackson defeat the Creek Jackson defeat the Creek Indians in Alabama?Indians in Alabama?

• Horseshoe Bend

What War of 1812 battle did What War of 1812 battle did Jackson defeat the British after Jackson defeat the British after a truce (The Treaty of Ghent) a truce (The Treaty of Ghent)

was signed?was signed?

• New Orleans

The post-War of 1812 years The post-War of 1812 years were called what (because of were called what (because of prosperity, one political party, prosperity, one political party, etc.)?etc.)?

• Era of Good Feeling

During the Era of Good Feelings, During the Era of Good Feelings, Henry Clay passed the Alexander Henry Clay passed the Alexander Hamilton inspired ________ plan Hamilton inspired ________ plan which set up the national bank, which set up the national bank, federally financed roads, and put in federally financed roads, and put in place tariffs?place tariffs?• American System

What year did Alabama become What year did Alabama become a state?a state?

• 1819

Which 1819 Supreme Court Which 1819 Supreme Court case ( under Marshall) ruled case ( under Marshall) ruled that the national bank was in that the national bank was in fact constitutional?fact constitutional?

• McCulloch vs. Maryland

What 1820 congressional What 1820 congressional agreement allowed Missouri to agreement allowed Missouri to become a slave state and become a slave state and Maine to become a free state?Maine to become a free state?

• Missouri Compromise ( Remember Misery for the slaves)

List four major trails used by List four major trails used by settlers in the western part of settlers in the western part of the United States:the United States:

• Santa Fe Mormon

• Oregon California

What famous speech outlined What famous speech outlined American policy in 1823?American policy in 1823?

• Monroe Doctrine (South America was no longer up for colonizing; the U.S. would defend South American boarders)

Which 1824 Supreme Court Which 1824 Supreme Court case ( under Marshall) insured case ( under Marshall) insured that the national government that the national government controlled interstate commerce?controlled interstate commerce?

• Gibbons vs. Ogden

What 1830 law passed by What 1830 law passed by President Andrew Jackson President Andrew Jackson forced the five civilized tribes of forced the five civilized tribes of the southeast to evacuate?the southeast to evacuate?

• The Indian Removal Act (Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole, considered civilized by white settlers during that time period because they had adopted many of the colonists’ customs

What event resulted in the What event resulted in the Cherokees marching at Cherokees marching at gunpoint from Georgia to gunpoint from Georgia to Oklahoma in 1838?Oklahoma in 1838?

• The Trail of Tears

What country did Texas gain its What country did Texas gain its independence from in 1836?independence from in 1836?

• Mexico ( Texas Revolution or War for Independence

What idea, originating from the What idea, originating from the 1840’s Jacksonian Democrats, is 1840’s Jacksonian Democrats, is defined as the belief that God defined as the belief that God intends for the U.S. to stretch from intends for the U.S. to stretch from coast to coast?coast to coast?

• Manifest Destiny (“from sea to shining sea”)

Why did the U.S. fight Mexico Why did the U.S. fight Mexico (Mexican War) in 1846-1848?(Mexican War) in 1846-1848?

• Land Acquisition (California and New Mexico territories)

What famous meeting in 1848 What famous meeting in 1848 called for women to demand called for women to demand greater equality and opportunity greater equality and opportunity in the U.S.?in the U.S.?

• Seneca Fall Convention ( Among may things, they wanted suffrage (the right to vote) for women,

Who hosted the Seneca Falls Who hosted the Seneca Falls Convention?Convention?

• Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton

What white abolitionist (person What white abolitionist (person against slavery) from against slavery) from Massachusetts produced Massachusetts produced The The Liberator?Liberator?

• William Lloyd Garrison ( Remember: Lloyd the Liberator)

What black abolitionist from What black abolitionist from Maryland produced Maryland produced The North The North StarStar??

• Frederick Douglass

What was the purpose of the What was the purpose of the Underground Railroad (1810-Underground Railroad (1810-1850)?1850)?

• To aid the escaped slaves

What black woman used the What black woman used the Underground Railroad to help Underground Railroad to help liberate at least 300 slaves liberate at least 300 slaves ( many times to Canada)?( many times to Canada)?

• Harriet Tubman

What religious movement in the What religious movement in the early 1800’s influenced people early 1800’s influenced people to help others ( leading to all of to help others ( leading to all of these reform movements)?these reform movements)?

• The Second Great Awakening

What were the communities What were the communities called which tried to make a called which tried to make a “perfect society”?“perfect society”?

• Utopian communities

During the reform period of the During the reform period of the 1830’s and 1840’s much of the 1830’s and 1840’s much of the public called for abstinence from public called for abstinence from what?what?

• Alcohol consumption (known as The Temperance Movement)

What woman led reform in What woman led reform in prisons in the U.S.?prisons in the U.S.?

• Dorothea Dix

Who led the reform in education Who led the reform in education in the 1800’s?in the 1800’s?

• Horace Mann

Who founded the Mormon faith?Who founded the Mormon faith?

• Joseph Smith

Who led the Mormons to Utah?Who led the Mormons to Utah?

• Brigham Young

What president is credited with What president is credited with establishing the spoils system?establishing the spoils system?

• Andrew Jackson ( Under this system, the president appointed friends and campaign contributors to government position – from the saying “ to the victor belongs the spoils”).

South Carolina’s attempt to void South Carolina’s attempt to void the Tariff of 1832 was known as the Tariff of 1832 was known as the _____________.the _____________.

• Nullification Crisis

Whitman, Emerson, and Whitman, Emerson, and Thoreau were writers of what Thoreau were writers of what movement?movement?

• Transcendentalism (Transcendentalists’ core belief was an ideal spiritual state that transcends the physical and empirical and is only realized through the individual’s intuition, rather than through the doctrines of established religions.)

What congressional solution What congressional solution made California a free state and made California a free state and gave popular sovereignty to the gave popular sovereignty to the New Mexico and Utah New Mexico and Utah territories?territories?

• Compromise of 1850

What was the main issue What was the main issue pertaining to the Compromise of pertaining to the Compromise of 1850?1850?

• The expansion of slavery to the western territories

What Harriet Beecher Stowe What Harriet Beecher Stowe novel was published in 1852?novel was published in 1852?

• Uncle Tom’s Cabin

What part of the solution in the What part of the solution in the Compromise of 1850 upset Compromise of 1850 upset many northerners ( there were 5 many northerners ( there were 5 parts of this solution)?parts of this solution)?

• The Fugitive Slave Law

What act supported by Stephen What act supported by Stephen Douglas gave popular Douglas gave popular sovereignty to two territories just sovereignty to two territories just west of Missouri?west of Missouri?

• Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854

Where was the first American Where was the first American Civil War battle?Civil War battle?

• Fort Sumter (January 1861, near Charleston, SC

what did Lincoln suspend in what did Lincoln suspend in April 1861, that deprived many April 1861, that deprived many citizens of the civil rights?citizens of the civil rights?

• The Writ of Habeas Corpus ( Latin for “you (should have the body,” this enabled the police to arrest someone without real evidence)

What was the first major battle What was the first major battle of the Civil War?of the Civil War?

• First Bull Run (July 1861, aka First Battle at Manassas, because it was fought near Manassas, VA

What was the name of the first What was the name of the first battle fought on Northern soil?battle fought on Northern soil?

• It was also the single bloodiest day of the Civil War

• The Battle of Antietam (Sept. 1862) aka Battle of Sharpsburg, Maryland and Antietam Creek

What was the most famous of What was the most famous of the Black military units to fight in the Black military units to fight in the Civil War?the Civil War?

• 54th Massachusetts

What act passed by the Repub What act passed by the Repub lican dominated congress lican dominated congress (during the Civil War) gave large (during the Civil War) gave large land grants to states from the land grants to states from the federal government?federal government?

• Homestead Act of 1862

What did Lincoln pass of Jan. 1, What did Lincoln pass of Jan. 1, 1863 granting freedom to slaves 1863 granting freedom to slaves in the Confederate states in re- in the Confederate states in re-

bellion?bellion?

• Emancipation Proclamation

What major three-day battle did the What major three-day battle did the Confederates ( under Lee) lose in Confederates ( under Lee) lose in Pennsylvania?Pennsylvania?

• Gettysburg (1863)

What was important about the What was important about the battle in Gettysburg in July battle in Gettysburg in July 1863?1863?

• It ended General Lee’s invasion of the north

What battle in Mississippi What battle in Mississippi resulted in a complete blockade resulted in a complete blockade of the South by the Union?of the South by the Union?

• Vicksburg July 1863

What famous speech was given by What famous speech was given by Lincoln at a consecration ceremony Lincoln at a consecration ceremony where he reminded Americans of where he reminded Americans of the basic ideal, “All men are the basic ideal, “All men are created equal (meaning that all created equal (meaning that all people should be treated equally)”people should be treated equally)”

• The Gettysburg Address November 1863

What union general captured What union general captured Atlanta and continued southeast Atlanta and continued southeast to Savannah destroying to Savannah destroying everything in his path in the everything in his path in the later part of 1864?later part of 1864?

• General Tecumseh Sherman (known as Sherman’s March to the Sea) (He didn’t destroy Savannah.

Sherman inflected an estimated Sherman inflected an estimated $100 million worth of damages $100 million worth of damages on the South with the ________on the South with the ________policy.policy.

• “Scorched earth”

Where did Robert E. Lee Where did Robert E. Lee surrender to Grant in 1865?surrender to Grant in 1865?

• Appomattox Courthouse

What was the program called that What was the program called that returned southern states to the returned southern states to the Union, rebuilt the South’s in-Union, rebuilt the South’s in-frastructure, and attempted to frastructure, and attempted to protect the rights of the free protect the rights of the free blacks?blacks?

• Reconstruction

What is a change to the What is a change to the Constitution called?Constitution called?

• Amendment

What amendment abolished What amendment abolished slavery?slavery?

• 13th

What amendment guarantees What amendment guarantees protection of the laws for all protection of the laws for all citizens?citizens?

• 14th

What amendment gave the vote What amendment gave the vote to African American males?to African American males?

• 15th

• (The 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments are known as the Civil War Amendments)

What were the laws called that What were the laws called that were passed by southern states in were passed by southern states in an attempt to restrict the rights of an attempt to restrict the rights of newly freed slaves and keep them newly freed slaves and keep them in a subservient position?in a subservient position?

• The Black Codes

What were northerners called What were northerners called who moved to the South, voted who moved to the South, voted Republican, and were scorned Republican, and were scorned by southerners after the Civil by southerners after the Civil War?War?

• Carpetbaggers (Think: You need bags when you move)

What were southerners called What were southerners called who voted Republican after the who voted Republican after the Civil War?Civil War?

• Scalawags ( The term basically means “rascal”.

What southern secret society What southern secret society emerged during the Reconstruction emerged during the Reconstruction that harassed, tormented, and that harassed, tormented, and killed blacks demanding equality? killed blacks demanding equality?

• Ku Klux Klan ( The name probably came from the Greek word kuklos, meaning circle. Klan was an alliterative version of clan, thus Ku Klux Klan suggested a circle, or band of brothers,)

What major communication What major communication advancement was made in the advancement was made in the mid 1860’s?mid 1860’s?

• The Transatlantic Cable was laid, making communication by telegraph possible be-

• tween North America and Europe

What mean served as president What mean served as president during reconstruction and whose during reconstruction and whose legacy ( as president) is legacy ( as president) is remembered as being very corrupt?remembered as being very corrupt?

• President Grant ( elected in 1869)

• He was the Union General during the Civil War

Custer and his cavalry were Custer and his cavalry were destroyed by the ____ at the destroyed by the ____ at the 1876 Battle of _________.1876 Battle of _________.

• Sioux

• Battle of Little Big Horn

Who was the leader of the Who was the leader of the Sioux nation at the Battle of Sioux nation at the Battle of Little Big Horn?Little Big Horn?

• Sitting Bull

What group of people had What group of people had government because of the government because of the discovery of gold in California in discovery of gold in California in 1849, the Homestead Act in 1862, 1849, the Homestead Act in 1862, and the transcontinental railroad in and the transcontinental railroad in 1869? problems with the United 1869? problems with the United States States

• Native Americans

What informal, unwritten agreement be- What informal, unwritten agreement be- tween Republicans and Southern con-tween Republicans and Southern con-gressmen resulted in Republican Rutherfod gressmen resulted in Republican Rutherfod B. Hayes winning the presidential election in B. Hayes winning the presidential election in 1876 and Reconstruction ending (meaning 1876 and Reconstruction ending (meaning that federal troops would leave the South)?that federal troops would leave the South)?

• Compromise of 1877

What were the laws called What were the laws called passed in southern states after passed in southern states after Reconstruction that stripped the Reconstruction that stripped the African Americans of basic African Americans of basic rights like voting?rights like voting?

• Jim Crow Laws

The poll taxes and literacy tests The poll taxes and literacy tests were designed to make it more were designed to make it more difficult for blacks to do what?difficult for blacks to do what?

• Vote

What typed of farming existed in What typed of farming existed in the south after the war where the south after the war where farmers rented land to grow farmers rented land to grow crops?crops?

• Tenant farming

What type of farming existed in What type of farming existed in the south after the war where the south after the war where farmers forced to share crops farmers forced to share crops with landowners?with landowners?

• Sharecropping

What 19What 19thth century technological century technological innovation led to the rapid innovation led to the rapid settlement of the western settlement of the western territories?territories?

• Railroads

What industry caused western What industry caused western boom towns to spring up?boom towns to spring up?

• Mining

Many Native Americans were Many Native Americans were forced to live on ____________.forced to live on ____________.

• Reservations

What great Apache leader What great Apache leader surrendered to the U.S. in surrendered to the U.S. in 1886?1886?

• Geronimo

What act did the U.S. What act did the U.S. government attempt to settle government attempt to settle Indians on plots of land to farm?Indians on plots of land to farm?

• The Dawes Act 1887

What event resulted in over 200 What event resulted in over 200 armed Sioux Indians being armed Sioux Indians being massacred by U.S. troops in massacred by U.S. troops in 1890?1890?

• Massacre at Wounded Knee

What were the settlers called What were the settlers called who staked legal claims to land who staked legal claims to land in Oklahoma?in Oklahoma?

• Boomers

What were settlers called who What were settlers called who staked illegal claims to land in staked illegal claims to land in Oklahoma?Oklahoma?

• Sooners

How was the plow improved How was the plow improved during the late 1800’s?during the late 1800’s?

• It was able to plow several furrows at the same time.

Why did the open ranges, used Why did the open ranges, used by cattle disappear?by cattle disappear?

• Barbwire

How did cattle ranchers move How did cattle ranchers move beef back to the eastern beef back to the eastern markets?markets?

• Long cattle drives

• Train

What types of new equipment What types of new equipment was developed for farming in was developed for farming in the late 1800’s?the late 1800’s?

• Cornhuskers Corn binders

• Steam powered threshers

What were 3 complaints farmers What were 3 complaints farmers had in the late 1800’s?had in the late 1800’s?

• Crop prices Tariffs

• Deflation

How did the farmers organize How did the farmers organize themselves to fight big business themselves to fight big business in 1867?in 1867?

• Farmer’s Alliance (This organization became the Populist Party. They wanted to use silver (not just gold) as a backer).

What was the name given to the What was the name given to the farmers who organized farmers who organized themselves politically during this themselves politically during this period ( 1860’s)?period ( 1860’s)?

• The Grange ( It started in 1867, and had its peak between 1890 and 1950.

What area of the U.S. increased What area of the U.S. increased in population after the complet-in population after the complet-ion of the transcontinental rail-ion of the transcontinental rail-road in 1869?road in 1869?

• The West

Who invented the telephone in Who invented the telephone in 1876?1876?

• Alexander Graham Bell

Who invented the light bulb in Who invented the light bulb in 1879 and made other discover-1879 and made other discover-ies in the area of electricity?ies in the area of electricity?

• Thomas Edison

Who was the presidential can-Who was the presidential can-didate in 1896 for the Populists?didate in 1896 for the Populists?

• James Weaver

What two energy sources were What two energy sources were used to power factories in the used to power factories in the late 1800’s?late 1800’s?

• Westinghouse and Alternating currents

What types of industry was What types of industry was Alabama involved in during the Alabama involved in during the late 1800’s?late 1800’s?

• Steel

What name was given to the What name was given to the captains of industry during the captains of industry during the late 1800’s?late 1800’s?

• Robber Barons

Who were 3 important captains Who were 3 important captains of industry during the late of industry during the late 1800’s?1800’s?

• Carnegie Rockefeller Dodd Morgan Stanford Vanderbilt

• Mellon Hopkins Fisk

• Ford

What theory was used to What theory was used to promote competition in the promote competition in the marketplace?marketplace?

• Social Darwinism (Charles Darwin did not believe in Social Darwinism

What novelist wrote many What novelist wrote many fictional stories promoting the fictional stories promoting the “rags to riches” theme beginning “rags to riches” theme beginning in 1867?in 1867?

• Horatio Alger

Who was the African American Who was the African American who encouraged blacks to learn who encouraged blacks to learn a trade and also founded the a trade and also founded the Tuskegee Institute in 1881?Tuskegee Institute in 1881?

• Booker T. Washington ( He believed that the economic equality would lead to social equality)

What African American What African American Tuskegee Institute graduate Tuskegee Institute graduate was famous for his work as an was famous for his work as an agricultural scientist?agricultural scientist?

• George Washington Carver

What famous Supreme Court What famous Supreme Court decision upheld segregation in decision upheld segregation in 1896?1896?

• Plessy vs. Ferguson – (It ruled that separate but equal was acceptable).

What idea was promoted by What idea was promoted by Andrew Carnegie in 1889, that Andrew Carnegie in 1889, that stated the wealthy should give stated the wealthy should give back riches to the community?back riches to the community?

• Gospel of Wealth

The U.S. joined European nations The U.S. joined European nations in a race to conquest smaller, in a race to conquest smaller, “uncivilized” nations to gain access “uncivilized” nations to gain access to their resources and markets to their resources and markets (economic control). This was (economic control). This was known as ____________.known as ____________.

• “Age of Imperialism”

What was the purpose of imper-What was the purpose of imper-ialism?ialism?

• To expand a country’s power, by gaining economic control of another.

Why did colonial powers com-Why did colonial powers com-pete for control of Africa?pete for control of Africa?

• Their Natural Resources

What territory was annexed by What territory was annexed by the U.S. in the Pacific Ocean in the U.S. in the Pacific Ocean in 1898?1898?

• Hawaii

What war did the U.S. become What war did the U.S. become involved in during 1898 because of involved in during 1898 because of the sinking of the USS Maine off the sinking of the USS Maine off the coast of Havana, Cuba as well the coast of Havana, Cuba as well as Spain’s unwillingness to give as Spain’s unwillingness to give Cuba its independence?Cuba its independence?

• The Spanish-American War

What name was given to the What name was given to the sensationalistic (exaggerated) sensationalistic (exaggerated) journalism that served as a major journalism that served as a major cause of the Spanish-American cause of the Spanish-American War?War?

• Yellow Journalism

What group of volunteers did T. What group of volunteers did T. Roosevelt lead in the famous Roosevelt lead in the famous charge at the Battle of San Juan charge at the Battle of San Juan Hill?Hill?

• The Rough Riders

What group of lands did the What group of lands did the U.S. gain control over as a U.S. gain control over as a result of winning the Spanish-result of winning the Spanish-American War?American War?

• Cuba Guam

• Puerto Rico

• Philippines

What canal in Central America was What canal in Central America was built during President Roosevelt’s built during President Roosevelt’s office which led him to force office which led him to force Columbia to give Panama its inde- Columbia to give Panama its inde- pendence in 1904?pendence in 1904?

• Panama Canal

The completion of the Panama The completion of the Panama Canal in 1914 allowed what two Canal in 1914 allowed what two bodies of water to connect?bodies of water to connect?

• The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

What movement in the late What movement in the late 1800’s promoted change in 1800’s promoted change in government, business, and government, business, and social welfare?social welfare?

• Progressivism (famous American Pro-

• gressive Party members: Theodore Roosevelt, William H. Taft, Woodrow Wilson, Franklin D. Roosevelt

What president introduced im-What president introduced im-portant conservation methods to portant conservation methods to preserve millions of acres of preserve millions of acres of western lands?western lands?

• Theodore Roosevelt (Republican and Progressive president in 1901, because of McKinley’s assassination.)

What addendum to the Monroe What addendum to the Monroe Doctrine was made by Roose- Doctrine was made by Roose- velt justifying intervention in velt justifying intervention in South American nations that South American nations that were in trouble?were in trouble?

• Roosevelt Corollary

What did T. Roosevelt call journalists What did T. Roosevelt call journalists who were intent on exposing corruption who were intent on exposing corruption in slums and prisons, factories, insane in slums and prisons, factories, insane asylums ( as they were called at the asylums ( as they were called at the time). Sweatshops, mines, child labor time). Sweatshops, mines, child labor land unsanitary conditions in food land unsanitary conditions in food processing plants at the turn of the processing plants at the turn of the century?century?

• Muckrakers

What novel was highly What novel was highly acclaimed for exposing acclaimed for exposing problems in the meatpacking problems in the meatpacking industry?industry?

• The Jungle by socialist Upton Sinclairby socialist Upton Sinclair

What muckraker wrote an What muckraker wrote an expose (tell all book) on expose (tell all book) on Standard Oil in 1904?Standard Oil in 1904?

• Ida Tarbell

What types of labor problems What types of labor problems did early unions try and correct?did early unions try and correct?

• Unsafe working conditions

• Low wages

• Shorter working hours

Who was the African-American who Who was the African-American who encouraged blacks to seek social encouraged blacks to seek social justice and equality and was an justice and equality and was an early leader of the Niagara early leader of the Niagara Movement and the NAACP?Movement and the NAACP?

• W.E.B. DuBois (pronounced DuBoys)

How did President Taft’s foreign How did President Taft’s foreign diplomacy differ from diplomacy differ from Roosevelt’s?Roosevelt’s?

• Dollar Diplomacy

What three parties entered a What three parties entered a candidate for president in 1912?candidate for president in 1912?

• Republicans

• Progressives

• Democrats

Who won the election of 1912?Who won the election of 1912?

• Woodrow Wilson (Democrat)

What 1913 amendment to the What 1913 amendment to the Constitution introduced an Constitution introduced an income tax?income tax?

• 16th

What 1913 amendment made What 1913 amendment made the election of senators by the election of senators by popular vote?popular vote?

• 17th

What 1919 amendment What 1919 amendment introduced prohibition as a introduced prohibition as a national law?national law?

• 18th

How did Wilson change the How did Wilson change the banking system in the U.S. in banking system in the U.S. in 1913?1913?

• Established the Federal Reserve System

What act was passed during What act was passed during Wilson’s tenure that was Wilson’s tenure that was intended to break up intended to break up monopolies?monopolies?

• Clayton Anti-Trust Act of 1914

What was the purpose on anti- What was the purpose on anti- trust laws?trust laws?

• To prevent businesses from having exclusive control over markets (aka- a monopoly)

What commission was set up by What commission was set up by Wilson in 1914 to monitor the Wilson in 1914 to monitor the practices of businesses?practices of businesses?

• Federal Trade Commission (promoted fair competition

Bt 1915, the boll weevil (insect) Bt 1915, the boll weevil (insect) caused farmers to stop growing caused farmers to stop growing what crop?what crop?

• Cotton ( many starting planting peanuts)

What were the long term causes What were the long term causes of the First World War?of the First World War?

• Militarism

• Alliances

• Imperialism

• Nationalism

What was the immediate cause What was the immediate cause of WW1?of WW1?

• The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand

Why did the U.S. enter the war?Why did the U.S. enter the war?

• Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, examples are the sinking of the Lusitania and the Zimmerman Note’s promise (It was a message sent by Germany to Mexico telling how Germany was going to

• Restart unrestricted submarine warfare. It also offered Mexico United State’s land in return for their help.)

What types of technological What types of technological innovations were used in WW1?innovations were used in WW1?

• Tanks

• Airplanes

• Submarines (sub improvements caused them to become tremendously effective.)

Who came up with the idea of Who came up with the idea of the tank?the tank?

• The British

What type of technological What type of technological innovation did the German’s innovation did the German’s bring to WW1?bring to WW1?

• Submarine (The English term U-Boat for a German submarine come from the German word for submarine, ‘U-Boot’, it- self an abbreviation for Unterseeboot (‘undersea boat’)

What type of fighting took place What type of fighting took place in WW1?in WW1?

• Trench warfare ( mainly on the Western front, between the English Channel and the Swiss border)

Who were the Central Powers?Who were the Central Powers?

• Germany

• Austria-Hungary

• Ottoman Empire

Who were the Allied Powers?Who were the Allied Powers?

• France

• Britain

• U.S.

• Russia

• Italy

What acts contributed to the What acts contributed to the Nativist hatred immigrants Nativist hatred immigrants especially during and after WW1?especially during and after WW1?

• Espionage and sedition

Name several groups of people Name several groups of people who benefited from the who benefited from the diminished workforces during diminished workforces during WW1?WW1?

• Women

• African-Americans

• Mexican-Americans

War bonds were used by the War bonds were used by the U.S. to fund which war?U.S. to fund which war?

• World War I

What treaty ended WWI?What treaty ended WWI?

• The Treaty of Versailles

The Treaty of Versailles forced The Treaty of Versailles forced Germany to pay _________?Germany to pay _________?

• War reparations (payments for starting the war)

What organization would the What organization would the nations of the world join nations of the world join together to ensure security and together to ensure security and peace for all members?peace for all members?

• The League of Nations

Which president supported the Which president supported the League of Nations?League of Nations?

• Democrat Woodrow Wilson

Which United States political Which United States political party rejected the League of party rejected the League of Nations?Nations?

• Republicans

Which country refused to sign Which country refused to sign the Treaty of Versailles because the Treaty of Versailles because the League of Nations was in- the League of Nations was in- cluded in it?cluded in it?

• United States

What was the intense fear of What was the intense fear of communism and other extreme communism and other extreme ideas that gripped the U.S. ideas that gripped the U.S. during the 1920’s known as?during the 1920’s known as?

• Red Scare

What trial, in which two immi- What trial, in which two immi- grants, were given an unfair trial grants, were given an unfair trial due to their ethnic background and due to their ethnic background and were eventually put to death?were eventually put to death?

• Sacco and Vanzetti

Name the summer in 1919 in Name the summer in 1919 in which workers’ strikes erupted which workers’ strikes erupted in about 25 cities nationwide:in about 25 cities nationwide:

• Red Summer ( called that because of people’s fear that the strikers were communists.)

What amendment gave women What amendment gave women the right to vote in 1920?the right to vote in 1920?

• 19th

The 19The 19thth amendment caused the amendment caused the United States to become more United States to become more what?what?

• Democratic

By 1922, this organization’s By 1922, this organization’s membership had grown to about membership had grown to about 100,000 and by 1924 to 4 million. 100,000 and by 1924 to 4 million. What was this organization called?What was this organization called?

• Ku Klux Klan

Name the migration of blacks Name the migration of blacks from the South to the North for from the South to the North for jobs?jobs?

• Great Migration

A number limit set up by laws to A number limit set up by laws to limit things such as annual im- limit things such as annual im- migration is called ________. migration is called ________.

• Quota

What type of immigration was What type of immigration was banned altogether in the banned altogether in the 1920’s?1920’s?

• Asian Immigration

What were the technological What were the technological innovations in the 1920’s?innovations in the 1920’s?

• Cars

• Planes

• Home Appliances

What was the literary What was the literary awakening of the African-awakening of the African-Americans during the period Americans during the period from 1919 to the 1930’s called?from 1919 to the 1930’s called?

• Harlem Renaissance

Who were the major writers of Who were the major writers of the Harlem Renaissance?the Harlem Renaissance?

• Claude McKay

• Countee Cullen

• Langston Hughes

• Zora Neale Hurston

• Jessie Fauset

Who were the major musicians Who were the major musicians of the Harlem Renaissance?of the Harlem Renaissance?

• Billie Holiday

• Duke Ellington

• Count Basie

• Louie Armstrong

• Bessie Smith

Who was the African American Who was the African American author of author of Their Eyes were Their Eyes were Watching GodWatching God??

• Zora Neale Hurston

What kind of music grew out of What kind of music grew out of African American music in the African American music in the South, especially ragtime and South, especially ragtime and blues?blues?

• Jazz

What are some of the character-What are some of the character-istics of the “Roaring 1920’s”?istics of the “Roaring 1920’s”?

• Model T (automobile)

• Flappers (wild girls)

• Jazz Music

The 1920’s is referred to as the The 1920’s is referred to as the __________ Age.__________ Age.

• Jazz (basically the time between WWI and the Great Depression in 1929)

Who is known as the “Father of Who is known as the “Father of the Blues”?the Blues”?

• W.C. Handy

What were the illegal bars What were the illegal bars called that flourished during called that flourished during prohibition?prohibition?

• Speakeasies

What was the name of the case What was the name of the case concerning the teaching of the concerning the teaching of the theory of evolution in the classroomtheory of evolution in the classroomcalled?called?

• The Scope’s Trial of 1925

During the Great Depression During the Great Depression farmers were unable to repay farmers were unable to repay their debts for land and their debts for land and machinery because of _______.machinery because of _______.

• Falling Farm Prices

This practice allowed investors to This practice allowed investors to purchase a stock for only a fraction purchase a stock for only a fraction of its price (10-15%) and then of its price (10-15%) and then borrow the rest. What was this borrow the rest. What was this known as?known as?

• Buying on Margin

What name was given to the What name was given to the severe economic decline that severe economic decline that lasted from the stock market crash lasted from the stock market crash on “Black Tuesday,” October 29, on “Black Tuesday,” October 29, 1929 until the U.S. entry into WWII 1929 until the U.S. entry into WWII in 1941?in 1941?

• The Great Depression

Why did President Hoover take Why did President Hoover take little action during the Great little action during the Great Depression?Depression?

• He thought things would correct itself. He believed in Adam Smith’s laissez-faire idea.

What were the houses made What were the houses made out of cardboard paper or scrap out of cardboard paper or scrap metal called?metal called?

• Hooverville’s ( named for President Hoover)

What was the name of the What was the name of the region in the Great Plains where region in the Great Plains where drought and dust storms took drought and dust storms took place for much of the 1930’s?place for much of the 1930’s?

• Dust Bowl

What program did Franklin D. What program did Franklin D. Roosevelt push during his first Roosevelt push during his first 100 days in office?100 days in office?

• The New Deal ( a sequence of programs and promises he initiated between 1933 and 1938 with the goal of giving relief, reform, and recovery to the people and the economy of the U.S. during the Great Depression.)

What did Franklin D. Roosevelt What did Franklin D. Roosevelt create in response to critics who create in response to critics who said he was not doing enough said he was not doing enough for the ordinary Americans?for the ordinary Americans?

• The Second New Deal

What were FDR’s babies or What were FDR’s babies or “alphabet agencies”?“alphabet agencies”?

• CCC Social Security

• TVA SEC

• CWA WPA

• FDIC AAA

What New Deal program What New Deal program insured bank deposits up to insured bank deposits up to $5,000?$5,000?

• FDIC (Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)

What public works project was What public works project was created in 1933 to help farmers, created in 1933 to help farmers, created job and supply hydro-created job and supply hydro-power (cheap electricity)?power (cheap electricity)?

• TVA (Tennessee Valley Authority) It was criticized because it caused flooding and erosion

What program put over 2.5 What program put over 2.5 million unmarried men to work?million unmarried men to work?

• CCC (Civilian Conservation Corps)

What program gave jobs What program gave jobs building or improving roads, building or improving roads, parks, airports, and other parks, airports, and other facilities to the unemployed?facilities to the unemployed?

• CWA (Civil Works Administration)

What program provided old-age What program provided old-age pensions, disability payments pensions, disability payments and unemployment benefits?and unemployment benefits?

• Social Security ( FICA is what you see on your check stubs. It stands for Federal Insurance Contributions Act. The act calls for this “social insurance” to be funded through dedicated payroll taxes.)

Which act created minimum Which act created minimum wage?wage?

• Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938

During the period for WW I to During the period for WW I to the start of WW II, the American the start of WW II, the American foreign policy was one of _____.foreign policy was one of _____.

• Isolationism

What conference did Britain and What conference did Britain and France agree to let Hitler have France agree to let Hitler have the Sudetenland?the Sudetenland?

• Munich Conference 1938

What is giving in to someone’s What is giving in to someone’s demands in order to keep peace demands in order to keep peace called?called?

• Appeasement

France and Britain ______ France and Britain ______ Hitler in hopes of avoiding war Hitler in hopes of avoiding war in Europe?in Europe?

• Appeased

What invasion on September 1, What invasion on September 1, 1939, began WW II?1939, began WW II?

• Poland

Who were the Axis Powers in Who were the Axis Powers in WW II?WW II?

• Germany

• Italy

• Japan

Who were the Allied Powers in Who were the Allied Powers in WW II?WW II?

• U.S.

• Britain

• France

• USSR

A German tactic in which tanks, A German tactic in which tanks, soldiers, and moving trucks rapidly soldiers, and moving trucks rapidly attacked and were there before the attacked and were there before the enemy had time to react were enemy had time to react were called ___________.called ___________.

• Blitzkrieg (Think about a blitz in football)

What country began to expand What country began to expand in the Pacific and controlled in the Pacific and controlled most of China by 1940?most of China by 1940?

• Japan

What happened on December What happened on December 7, 1941 that caused us to enter 7, 1941 that caused us to enter into the war?into the war?

• The Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor

When did the internment of When did the internment of Japanese Americans in the U.S. Japanese Americans in the U.S. occur?occur?

• WW II

What women’s organizations What women’s organizations during WW II allowed them to during WW II allowed them to participate in the military?participate in the military?

• WASP

• WAVES

• WAC’s

The American government The American government responded to shortages in responded to shortages in resources during WW II by issuing resources during WW II by issuing _________._________.

• Rations ( sugar, gas, and etc.)

What battle was the turning What battle was the turning point of WW II in the east?point of WW II in the east?

• Stalingrad

Who was the leader of the U.S. Who was the leader of the U.S. during WW II?during WW II?

• FDR ( F. Roosevelt)

Who was the leader of the Who was the leader of the USSR during WW II?USSR during WW II?

• Stalin

Who was the leader of Germany Who was the leader of Germany during WW II?during WW II?

• Hitler

Who was the leader of Great Who was the leader of Great Britain during WW II?Britain during WW II?

• Churchill

Who was the leader of Italy Who was the leader of Italy during WW II?during WW II?

• Mussolini

What battle in June of 1942, What battle in June of 1942, was Japan unable to launch any was Japan unable to launch any more offensive operations in the more offensive operations in the Pacific?Pacific?

• Midway

The best known D-Day is June 6, The best known D-Day is June 6, 1944 – the day on which the Battle 1944 – the day on which the Battle of ______ began, which was the of ______ began, which was the beginning of the Allies effort to beginning of the Allies effort to liberate/free mainland Europe from liberate/free mainland Europe from Nazi/Axis occupation during WW II.Nazi/Axis occupation during WW II.• Normandy

What were the Japanese What were the Japanese suicide planes called?suicide planes called?

• Kamikazes

What was the name of the top What was the name of the top secret project to create the secret project to create the atomic bomb?atomic bomb?

• Manhattan Project

Who was the U.S. military Who was the U.S. military leader in Europe during WW II?leader in Europe during WW II?

• General Eisenhower

Who was the U.S. military Who was the U.S. military leader in the Pacific during WW leader in the Pacific during WW II?II?

• General McArthur

What were the places called What were the places called where prisoners of war and where prisoners of war and political prisoners were political prisoners were confined?confined?

• Concentration Camps ( very harsh conditions)

What WW II event did the What WW II event did the German’s imprison millions and German’s imprison millions and kill nearly 6 million Jews?kill nearly 6 million Jews?

• Holocaust

Where did the U.S. drop the Where did the U.S. drop the atomic bombs after President atomic bombs after President Harry Truman’s order?Harry Truman’s order?

• Hiroshima, Japan ( on Aug. 6, 1945) and Nagasaki, Japan (on Aug. 9, 1945)

• (By the end of 1945, almost 220,000 people had died because of the bombs and exposure to radiation.)

On what day did WW II end?On what day did WW II end?

• September 2, 1945 ( Japan was the last to sign the Instrument of Surrender. It did so 6 days after Nagasaki was bombed.)

Why did suburbs grow during Why did suburbs grow during the post WW II years?the post WW II years?

• Because of the increasing availability of automobiles