Agrovegetal 15 years of releasing new wheat cultivars for Spanish farmers

Ciudad Obregón Ignacio Solís March 2014

Agrovegetal 15 years of releasing new wheat

cultivars for Spanish farmers

Wheat seed market in Southern Spain

Average Wheat Area in Southern Spain: 300.000 has durum wheat 60 % certified seeds (36.000 ton) 200.000 has bread wheat 30 % certified seeds (12.000 ton)

Agrovegetal: A Farmers seed company Share capital is owned 80 % by farmers cooperatives 10 partners of Agrovegetal S.A. * S.C.A. CAMPO DE TEJADA * S.C.A. COESAGRO * S.C.A. SAN DIONISIO * S.C.A. CEREALISTA DE CONIL * S.C.A. LOS REMEDIOS * S.C.A. CEREALES SEVILLA * S.A.T. CÓRDOBA - FERCAMPO * F.A.E.C.A. * Pastas GALLO S.L. (Pasta Industry) * Caja Rural del Sur (Credit Union)

Most grown wheat cultivars Origin of most grown durum wheat varieties in Southern Spain in 2002 and 2010.

1.  Yavaros C-79 (CIMMYT) 2.  Don Pedro (CIMMYT) 3.  Simeto (Proseme - Italia) 4.  Gallareta (CIMMYT) 5.  Vitrón (Batlle - CIMMYT) 6.  Sula (CIMMYT) (A.E.T.C. 2002)

1.  Avispa (Limagrain - CIMMYT) 2.  Amilcar (Monsanto - CIMMYT) 3.  Vitrón (Batlle - CIMMYT) 4.  Don Sebastián (Agrovegetal-CIMMYT) 5.  Don Ricardo (Agrovegetal-CIMMYT) 6.  Gallareta (CIMMYT) (Junta de Andalucía, 2010)

Collaborative patnership between CIMMYT and Agrovegetal

First agreement from 1998 to 2003 Renovation from 2003 to 2008

Last Agreement 2013 to 2018 Renovation from 2008 to 2013

Main criteria for selection of new wheat lines in Southern Spain.

•  Yield stability (drought tolerance and high potential). Average yield from 2 to 5 tons/ha depending of rains (from 300 to 800 mm.)

•  Diseases Resistance (powdery mildew, septoria leaf blotch, tan spot, leaf and yellow rust, etc.).

•  High grain quality (for bread and pasta industry).

Yield Stability in Southern Spain.

Yield Trials in high potential conditions (6 ton/ha)

Yield Trials in dry conditions (2 ton/ha)

Yield Trials in average conditions (3 ton/ha)

Main diseases in wheat in Southern Spain

Powdery mildew Blumeria graminis

Leaf blotch Septoria tritici

Tan spot Pyrenophora tritici - repentis

Leaf rust Puccinia triticina

Yellow rust Puccinia striiformis

High grain quality in durum wheat

n  Vitrousness

n  % Protein content

n  Gluten Index

n  Yelow pigments

n  Specific Weight

n  Hagberg Index

n  % Ash content

High grain quality in bread wheat

n  % Protein content

n  Specific Weight

n  Hagberg Index

n  Alveogram

n  Gluten strength W

n  Extensibility p/l

Selection method CIMMYT advanced lines in Agronomic Trials located in farmers fields grouped in cooperatives.

Year 1.Preliminary Trials (F7 Unreplicated). Two Locations. 100 Durum wheat lines. 100 Bread wheat lines (50 from ME1 and 50 from ME4). 20 Triticale lines. Year 2. Confirmation Trials (3 reps.). Five Locations. 1st year 30 Durum wheat lines. 30 Bread wheat lines. 5 Triticale lines. Year 3. 2nd year (candidates for release). Seven Locations. 4 Durum wheat lines. 4 Bread wheat lines. 2 Triticale lines

Selection method (II) Multiplication of New Agrovegetal Varieties in official trials in farmers fields Year 4. First year of Official trials, DUS. (O.E.V.V.). Production of G-1 and G-2 (prebasic) seeds. Development trials in seven locations. Year 5. Second year of Official trials, DUS (O.E.V.V.). Production of G-3 (prebasic) seeds. Development trials in ten locations. Year 6. Official authorization for releasing (O.E.V.V.). Production of G-4 (basic) seeds. Recommendation trials by regional authorities (R.A.E.A.) Year 7. Commercial releasing of new Variety. Production of commercial Certified seeds. Recommendation trials by regional authorities (R.A.E.A.)

Agrovegetal field trials network Experimental plots in five locations

Results in Bread Wheat

-  ESCACENA (high yield and stability). 2002

-  JEREZANO (high yield and quality). 2005

-  TEJADA (high yield and quality). 2007

-  ANTEQUERA (very high quality). 2008

-  TREBUJENA (very high yield). 2009

-  CONIL (high quality and drought tolerance). 2010

-  MARCHENA (high quality and Sept.resistance). 2012

-  A set of bread wheat cultivars with different industrial quality and different rust resistance genes.

-  The certified seed sales in 2013 was 2300 ton, representing 10% of market share in Spain

ESCACENA 1st

yielding in official recomendation trials in Andalusia R.A.E.A. 2003 2004 2005 2006

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1.- ARTHUR NICK

3.- ATREVIDO 5.- CARTAYA 7.- GALEON 9.- GENIO 11.- ODIEL 13.- PATANEGRA

MEDIA

Kg.

/Ha.

Results in Durum Wheat

n  DON SEBASTIÁN (high quality and powd. mild. res.) 2003 n  DON JOSÉ (high semolina quality) 2004 n  DON JAIME (leaf rust resistant) 2005 (Lr14a) n  DON RICARDO (leaf rust resistant) 2007 (Lr27+31) n  DON JAVIER (leaf rust and powd.mild.res.) 2009 (Lr?) n  DON VALENTÍN (high quality and leaf rust resistant) 2010 n  DON NORMAN (high quality and leaf rust resistant) 2011

-  A set of durum wheat cultivars with good semolina quality and different rust resistance genes.

-  The certified seed sales in 2013 was 5600 ton, representing 12% of market share in Spain

DON RICARDO Very high yield. Good quality. Leaf rust resistance.

3rd most grown durum wheat cultivar in Spain 2011 2012 2013 Commercial seeds 4000 ton /year

Steps followed by Agrovegetal for Development of new wheat cultivars in Southern Spain

n  Collaboration with CIMMYT. Selection of lines in Obregón and Toluca.

n  Selection of lines in preliminary trials in farmers fields (2 locs.).

n  Collaboration with spanish academic specialists in leaf rust resistance (University of Sevilla), quality (University of Cordoba), biothecnology (C.S.I.C), etc.

n  Selection in confirmation trials (5 locs.) with different soils, climate and management.

n  Selection of candidate lines for releasing in participative meetings with technicians of each cooperative (ten people).

Steps followed by Agrovegetal for Development of new wheat cultivars in Southern Spain (II)

n  Quality analysis of candidate lines in labs of semolina (Gallo) and milling (Sánchez Palencia) industries.

n  Multiplication of prebasic and basic seeds in farmers fields with average soils and management.

n  Field days with cooperatives farmers listening their advice about new cultivars.

n  Production and sale of commercial seeds and return of 24 €/ton (7% of price) for R+D activities.

n  Investment for breeding new pulses crops (pea, faba bean and chickpea) now 1% of our sales of seeds.

Durum wheat seeds market Total: 45.500 ton 1.  Limagrain. 22 % 2.  Monsanto. 19 % 3.  Agrovegetal. 12 % 4.  Public cultivars. 8 % 5.  S.A.T. Córdoba. 6 % 6.  Proseme. 5 % 7.  Semillas Fitó. 5 % 8.  IRTA-Eurosemillas. 4 % Others. 21 % Compilation based on information

supplied by O.E.V.V.

Bread wheat (spring types) market

Total: 21.900 ton 1.  Limagrain. 57 % 2.  Agrovegetal 10 % 3.  Pioneer. 8 % 4.  Proseme. 5 % 5.  Marisa. 3 % 6.  Public cultivars. 3 % 7.  RAGT. 2 % 8.  Semillas Fitó. 2 % Others. 10 %

Market share of certified seeds (breeders) of Durum and Bread wheat (spring types) in Spain, 2012-2013

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