Agronomy Agronomy 1. “the science of growing plants 1. “the science of growing plants from creating on-farm from creating on-farm opportunities to environmental opportunities to environmental protection and ecosystem protection and ecosystem management” management” 2. “the science of utilizing 2. “the science of utilizing plants for food, fuel, feed, plants for food, fuel, feed, and fiber” and fiber”
27
Embed
Agronomy 1. “ the science of growing plants from creating on-farm opportunities to environmental protection and ecosystem management ” 2. “ the science.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
AgronomyAgronomy
1. “the science of growing plants from 1. “the science of growing plants from creating on-farm opportunities to creating on-farm opportunities to environmental protection and environmental protection and ecosystem management”ecosystem management”
2. “the science of utilizing plants for 2. “the science of utilizing plants for food, fuel, feed, and fiber” food, fuel, feed, and fiber”
3. “Science of agriculture that deals 3. “Science of agriculture that deals with all aspects of field crop with all aspects of field crop production and soil management” production and soil management”
4. “The word derived from Greek word 4. “The word derived from Greek word “agros” meaning fields and “nomos” “agros” meaning fields and “nomos” meaning management indicating meaning management indicating crop production and soil crop production and soil management on scientific approach” management on scientific approach”
Principals of Agronomy/Crop Principals of Agronomy/Crop ProductionProduction
1.1. Cultural practicesCultural practices
2.2. Seed and varietySeed and variety
3.3. IrrigationIrrigation
4.4. ManuringManuring
5.5. Plant protectionPlant protection
6.6. Post harvest managementPost harvest management
• Improve quality of the produceImprove quality of the produce
• Resistance to cold/water stressResistance to cold/water stress
• Increase/decrease plant resistance to Increase/decrease plant resistance to diseases/insectsdiseases/insects
What is fertilizerWhat is fertilizer
• Plant foodsPlant foods
• Supplement the soil supply of Supplement the soil supply of essential nutrientsessential nutrients
• Defined as a substance used for the Defined as a substance used for the purpose of supplying one or more of purpose of supplying one or more of the elements essential for growth.the elements essential for growth.
Fertilizer termsFertilizer terms
• Straight fertilizer; contain single Straight fertilizer; contain single nutrient, examples are Urea, SSP, TSP, nutrient, examples are Urea, SSP, TSP, SOP, MOPSOP, MOP
• Compound fertilizer; contain two or Compound fertilizer; contain two or more elements, examples are DAP, more elements, examples are DAP, NPKNPK
Expression of nutrientsExpression of nutrients
• N= elemental form, N on %age by weight N= elemental form, N on %age by weight basisbasis
• P= PP= P22OO5,5,
• Px2.29= PPx2.29= P22OO55
• PP22OO55x0.44=Px0.44=P
• K=KK=K22OO
• Kx1.2=KKx1.2=K22OO
• KK22Ox0.83=KOx0.83=K
Fertilizers available in Fertilizers available in PakistanPakistan• UreaUrea• DAPDAP• SSPSSP• TSPTSP• Potassium sulphatePotassium sulphate• Potassium chloridePotassium chloride• NPKNPK• Ammonium NitrateAmmonium Nitrate
Special fertilizersSpecial fertilizers
• PolyphosphatesPolyphosphates
• Slow release fertilizers: concept based on Slow release fertilizers: concept based on 2 imp. points 2 imp. points
1.1. Certain nutrients particularly N and S can Certain nutrients particularly N and S can leach beyond root zone, slow release leach beyond root zone, slow release increase their efficiencyincrease their efficiency
2.2. Certain crops require to be fertilized Certain crops require to be fertilized frequently—reduce their requirement frequently—reduce their requirement e.g. e.g.
• Super coated urea (SCU)-for riceSuper coated urea (SCU)-for rice
• Urea super granule (USG)Urea super granule (USG)Liquid fertilizersLiquid fertilizersFertilizer pesticide mixturesFertilizer pesticide mixtures
Mechanism of nutrient Mechanism of nutrient uptakeuptake