Agriculture

ANCIENT EUROPEAN AGRICULTU

RE

BY :

MRINANLINI SHARMA

HISTORY OF EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE

European Agriculture has undergone significant developments since the time of the earliest cultivation.

European agriculture has been characterized by enhanced productivity, the replacement of human labor by synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, selective breeding, and mechanization.

Major Areas Of European Agriculture

European Agriculture.

The three field system of crop rotation was invented by the European farmers.

Danube river was the main influential water body used for farming in northern Europe.

Economic Structure

There were basically two levels of people in this society the peasant and the lord or priest.

 First were the peasants or serfs who raised the food.

The second level of society was the lords and priests.  The lords required taxes from the serfs in both food and labor from each family.   The church required 10% of everything the serf produced.

Tools Used in Ancient European Farming

European farming methods used basic scythe and plowing tools.

Tools including the scythe and plow were improved from classical versions.

The mouldboard plow and wheeled plow were increasingly used

A Scythe is an agricultural hand tool for mowing grass, or reaping crops. It was largely replaced by horse-drawn, but is still used in some areas of Europe.

Scythe

Plough or plow was used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting.

Plough

Animals Used by ancient European farmers

Draft horses were bred and increasingly used as a working animal in many parts of Europe, while oxen continued to be used for this purpose. Metal horseshoes were widely adopted.

More About European Agriculture Crop rotation confers

various benefits to the soil, it was invented and implemented in Northern Europe.

By 16th century population & agriculture were expanding in Europe.

Facts About European Agriculture The European

Agriculture contributed to 7% of the total worlds trade.

Potato was one of the most cultivated Crop followed by wheat and rice.