AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU July - Mizoram Agriculture

CONTENTS

-

1. Editorial …………………………………………..………………………..……..

2. Lehkhathawn : ……………………………………………….…………....…….

- Pu Lalchungnunga, Hmunpui, Jampui Hill, North Tripura.

3. Pataima Huang - ….………………………………….….…………………….

- B. Vanhnuna, S. Lungpher

- R. Thansanga, Addl. Secretary, Govt. of Mizoram.

4. World Food Day 2001 Thuchah …………..………………..……...….

- Pu Aichhinga, Minister of Agriculture etc. Mizoram.

5. World Food Day Report leh Essay Competition a 1st Prize Winner Essay ziah ……………………………………………..….……..….

6. Hreipui khuai tu thei leh Sekibuhchhuak…….……………….….

- Rev. Liandawla, Chairman, Task Force for Intodelhna Project, Govt. of Mizoram.

7. Chawngtlangpui Agriculture Village ..…….……………..…..…….

- R. Thansanga, Addl. Secretary, G.O.M.

8. Leilet hlawk zawk a chhawr theih nan Co-operative Society din………………………………………………………………………….……..…

- Pu C. Lalchhunga, Asst. Registrar, Co-operative Society, Govt. of Mizoram.

9. Tunlai finna leh thiamna hmanga Leilet enkawl hi Eizawnna tling a ni …………………………………………………...............................

- Pu C. Lalthlamuana, S.M.S. (P.P), Kolasib.

10. Ei leh bar a intodelh nan a Kolasib District a leilet neih dan phung zirna ………………………………….….……………………………..

- Pu Lalthanzuala, SDAO, Bilkhawthlir.

11. Agriculture Department bultuma Bangalore, Karnataka, zin chanchin .....…………………………………………………………………….

- Pu K. Ronghilhlova, President, A.M.F.U, Bilkhawthlir.

12. Management of Water Resources for Higher Sustainable production of Maize in Mizoram ……..……………………………..

- Dr. K.Laximinarayana, Scientist (ICAR) Kolasib.

13. Keimahni ….………………………………………………………… ...........

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU July – Sept. 2001

2003 Editor

Dr. O. P. Singh

Director of Agriculture

& Minor Irrigation

Joint Editors

H. Thankhuma

Dy. Director of Agriculture

(Extension)

R.Zoramthanga

AAIO

Cir. Manager

Saitluanga Sailo

Foreman

Zoram Loneitu-a

thu chhuah duh nei

emaw, lehkha thawn

duh emaw chuan a

hnuaia Address-ah

thawn tur a ni.

Editor

ZORAM LONEITU

P.O. Box – 098

Dte. of Agriculture,

Mizoram : Aizawl.

Pin - 796001

EDITORIAL

Mizoram thangduang tak chuan Ei leh Bar-ah intodelh tumin hma a la in, hma

pawh a sawn chho mek zel a. Tuna ram changkang leh ram ei leh bar a intodelh a, an thlai

tharchhuah te ramdang leh State dang a thawn chhuah tur nei te ang hian Mizoram chu

tun atanga hun rei vak lo ah hian kana wm ve turah ngai ila.

Ram changkang, ei leh bar a intodelh te chuan taima tak leh rinawm tak in, ram

tan, ram hming thatna tur leh changkanna turin kan thawk a ni tih rilru pu reng chungin

hna an thawk thin a. An lehkha thiamna leh finna, Agriculture Science a ni emaw, thiamna

dangte pawh mahni Farm leh inhmun lo ram enkawlna atan leh ei leh bara an ram a lo

intodelhna atan an hmang tangkai thin a. Sawrkar leh Company a hnathawh te chu

Voluntary hna ah an ngai emaw tih mai tur a ni a. Farmer nih leh kuthnathawktu nih hi an

inchhuanna a ni tlat a ni.

Tun kan Mizoram dinhmun ah hian, zirlai leh zir zo tawh lehkha thiam tak tak kan

tam tawh hle mai a. Sawrkar leh Company/Corporation etc. ah te hna thawh a, hna hmuh

mai a harsa tawh em em bawk si a. Kan thiamna te hi ram ei leh bara a lo intodelh theihna

tur a kan hman a, rilru kan siam a hun tawh hle mai. Mizoramah hian duhtawka lo neih

theihna tur hmunram a la zau tha em em mai a; kan ram leilung hi kan thlai chinte hian a

ngeih in, hlawk takin thlai te hi a la thar theih bawk si a. Hmanni mai khan kan Mizo

lehkhathiam pakhat chu Agriculture Office-ah a lo kal a, Pune ah M.Com zirzo hlim ani a,

chupa chuan, “Ka lehkha zirthiam chhan chu, loneih a, kut hnathawh a, ram tana inhman

leh Mizoram hi ei leh bara a lo intodelh theihna tura tan lak hi a ni” a rawn ti a, a

entawntlak hle mai, sawrkar tan pawh tanpui a chakawm hle a ni, tunah pawh hian

Mizorama loneitu taima tak tak zing ah hian lehkhathiam engemawzat Mizoram ei leh

bara a intodelh theihna tura lo neiin, kut hna an thawk mek a ni.

Sawrkara hna awm leh awmlo zawng leh contract leh supply tesep beisei a

thuneitute ah tanpui beiseina rilru put ringawt mai tum lovin, kut hnathawh, hna zawn

hranpa ngailo, ram leh hnam tana khua leh tui tha nihna ni bawk, Mizoram a lo zahawm

zel theihna tura ei leh bar a intodelhna tur ni bawk si lamah kal tum zel ila, rilru I pe thar

zel ang u. Tuna loneitu taima tak tak te pawh hian rilru siamthar zel ila, taima tak in,

ramin ei leh bara a lo intodelh ngei theihna turin tan la in, hmasawn zel I tum thar ang u.

To,

The Editor duh tak, ZORAM LONEITU Mizoram, Aizawl.

Subject:- Zoram Loneitu a kaltluan zel theih nan ka duhsakna famkim ka hlan a che.

Kapu,

Zoram pawn a Zofa te pawhin “Zoram Loneitu” hi kan tangkaipui takzet a ni

tih hi ka han hriattir duh che a ni.

Ni kum 2000 A.D. a “ZORAM LONEITU”(chhuah thla chiah ka hre mai tawh

lova, “NEDFI (North Eastern Development Finance Corporation Ltd.) hmalakna tih kha

hriatchia ka duh a, khawngaih taka min han hriattir theih chuan ka lawm hle ang.

Ka hriat chian duh chu:-

1. NEDFI Office address, Guwahati a mi.

2. Heng NEDFI hnuaia a loan puk turin zirna lam bithliah a awm em?

3. NORTH EAST QUALITY (NEEF) loan puk turin lehkha pawimawh engtenge ngai?

4. NEDFI MICRO FINANCE/SCHEME-LOAN puk turin lehkha pawimawh engte nge

ngai?

Pu Editor khawngaih taka min hriattir theih chuan kei leh midangte tan

pawh malsawmna a nih ka beisei a, chuvangin nangma mimal angin lehkha ka rawn

thawn ngawt mai che a ni e.

I rawngbawlna ropui tak hi Pathian in malsawm zel rawh se.

I rintlak,

17.9.2001.

Hmunpui. Sd/-LALCHUNGNUNGA

Vill-P.O.Hmunpui, Jampui Hill.

North Tripura.

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

CHHANNA:-

I zawhna te hi “Zoram Loneitu”(October – December, 2001) issue-ah chiang kuang

deuhvin rawn chhuah kan tum dawn nia.

Pa taima huang -

TUILEHLUANG NWDPRA PROJECT S. LUNGPHER HMALAKNA HNUAI A KA

HLAWHTLIN DAN LEH KA HMASAWNNA TE

Pu B. Vanhnuna, S. Lungpher

Tuilehluang NWDPRA S.Lungpher hmalakna hnuaiah kum 1999, February atangin

tlang leilet (Hill Terrace) siam hi kan tan a, DAO Saiha leh a staff, Project Officer te’n theih

tawp min chhuah pui a, Tun ah hian buh leh thlai chi hrang hrang chin theih na tur leilet

bial 35 Nos. ka nei a, Kum 2000 hian buh IR-64 leh PNR-162 ka ching a, a rah a thain a

hmin tha hle a, 4qtls. ka thara, ka leilet bial neih zawng zawng ah ka chin vek loh avangin

ka thar tam lova kum 2001 AD ah chuan ka bial neih zawng zawngah chin vek ka tuma,

chutiang tur chuan hma ka la mek ani.

Ka leilet (Bial Terrace) Buh ka chin lohna hmunah Bekang (JS-335) leh Vaimim ka

chinga, ka thar hlawk in lawmawm ka ti hle a, Bekang hi 0.3 Ha. ah ka ching a, tin 8 ka

thar a, Vaimim pawh tin 23 ka thar bawk a. Ka thar tlemna chhan nia ka hriat chu a lei a la

thar vang niin ka hria. Kum 2001 chuan tam tham tak thar ka beisei.

He project hmalakna hnuai ah hian Buh leh Bekang, Vaimim ka seng zawh ve leh

November 17, 2000 atangin Thlasik thlai chi hrang hrang ka ching mek a, ka hlawhtlin

ngei ka beisei bawk.

Heng thlai chi hrang hrang hi DAO Saiha Office atangin a thlawn in ka la a, thlai chi

mai bakah Tuilakna tur Aluminium pipe a thlawn in min pe a, min fit-sak bawk a, chu mai

ni lovin Dug out pond te min siam sak a, Dug out pond ah chuan tui ka khawl a, chu chu

thlai chawm nan ka hmang tangkai em em a. Thlai chawm nan bakah Dug out pond min

siam sak - ah chuan Sangha chi ka thlah a, a thang chakin ei zawnna tling khawp ni mai

thei dawn in ka hria a, ka lawm tak meuh ani.

He project hian min tihmasawnin ka tangkai pui em em a, tun a tanga kum 3 emaw

tal min la pui se, loneitu hlawhtling tak ka nih ngei ka beisei.

KUHVA CHIN

Pu R. Thansanga, Addl. Secretary

Phek 16 - na a thlalak khi kuhva kung ani a. Kum 1987 a Pu R. Thansanga, Director

of Agriculture a nih tirh deuhva a phun ani. A hmun hi Agriculture Director Quarter,

Aizawl ani a. Vawiin ni angah chuan kum 14 vel a lo tling tawh a. Kum 5 vel chu a rah

zawn a, amaherawhchu a rah a ei tlak mang lo. Tereuh te te, saihlum tia vel lekin a rah a, a

phak hle a, a rah bawr pawh tereuh te a ni. Hei hian a entir chu, Aizawl ang elevation,

3,500 feet chunglam ah kuhva hi chin chi loh a ni. A thla hi 2001 A.D. - a lak ani a. Aizawl

elevation hi feet 3,700 vel a ni.

WORLD FOOD DAY (2001) THUCHAH

- Pu Aichhinga,

Hon’ble Minister,

Agriculture etc.. Mizoram, Aizawl

UNO peng pakhat te zing ami Food and Agriculture Organisation a lo din tanna ni

16th October hi World Food Day atan puan a ni a, Kum 1979 atang khan kum tin khawvel

ram zawng zawng a UNO hnuaia member nihna nei ram ten he ni hi urhsun taka hman

thin a ni a. Food and Agriculture Organisation thiltum bulpui ber chu khawvel ramtin a

riltamna te, tuihalna te leh retheihna te theih ang tawka umbo tura hmalak hi ani a.

Food and Agriculture Organisation

dinchhuak tute zingah India ram hi hma-

latu pawimawh tak ah a tel ve avangin

World Food Day hi a ngai pawhmawh in

urhsun taka hman thin ani a. Tin, chu bak-

ah kumtin he World Food Day atan hian

FAO in theme (thupui) a hranpa in a

duangchhuak ziah thin a, kum 2001 atan a

thupui chu “Fight Hunger to Reduce

Poverty” tih a ni a.

Food and Agriculture Organisation

thiltum ber leh hmalakna bulpui ber chu

ei leh bara intodelh hi a ni a, he policy hi

kan ram a kan sorkar in hmalak a tumna

nen pawh a inmil hle mai a. Chuvangin

Agriculture Department lama ei leh bara

intodelhna tur hmalakna kal zel tur tlem a

zawng hemi ni denchhen hian han sawi-

lan lo tum dawn ila a tha ange.

Mizoramah hian leilet a siamtheih

ram zawl tha kan nei tam lo em em a.

State Land Use Board Survey Report ang-

in a pumpui thu ah 59,197 Ha. chauh WRC

a siam theih potential area kan nei a, tin,

heng potential area kan neih ah hian

25,350 Ha. te chu WRC atana develop

tawh a ni a. Amaherawhchu heng ram kan

develop tawh te hi kum tin a zavaia hman

tangkai a ni vek kher thin lova. Chuvangin

kan hmalakna tur pawimawh tak mai lo

lang nghal chu heng potential area deve-

lop tawh te hi a vaia chhawr tangkai leh

potential area la develop loh te hi chhawr

tangkai thei tur a ngawrh taka hmalak a ni

a. WRC potential area develop tawh te

duhtawk a chhawr tangkai an nih loh na

chhan bulpui ber chu potential area tam

zawkte hi kawng mumal in a kal pawh loh

vang an ni a, chuvangin heng ram te hi

theih ang tawka chhawr tangkai annih

theih nan Agricultural Potential Area

Connectivity lama nasa lehzual a hmalak

tum ani a, tin, potential area la develop

loh te pawh uluk taka dapchhuak in

kawng mumal tak siala heng hmun atanga

lei hausakna haichhuak thei tur hian

hmalak chhoh tum zel a ni bawk a. Tin,

Research and Development Wing chuan

Mizoram sik leh sa atan buh chi tha tam

tham fe an thiar chhuak tawh a. Heng buh

thar tam variety te hian Mizoram pumpui

a kan buh variety thar hlawk lo zawkte hi

thlak thleng vek tum a ni a, chutichuan

leilet ah hectare khat zelah buh thar 27

qtls. vel kan beisei thin hi 40 qtls. dawn

laiah kan hlan kai theih beisei a nih bakah

70 qtls., hectare khat atanga tharchhuak

thei buh variety pawh tunah hian

Research Wing chuan a enfiah mek bawk

a ni.

Mizorama buh variety kan intro-

duce tawh reng reng te hian an yield

potential dik tak an la pechhuak thei lova,

chuvang in yield potential dik tak an

tharchhuah theih nan hmalak mek zel

bawk a ni a. Kan rama potential area

tlemte kan neihchhun a buh leh thlai

tharte a tam thei ang bera haichhuak tura

hmalakna kawng hrang hrang han thlir

thuak thuak ila.

1. Tuikawng siam belh - Tunah hian MI

project zawh tawh 82 a awma, tin, project

23 thawhlai mek bakah project 13 siam

nan proposal a kal mek a. Tin, NEC hnuai-

ah project engemawzat siam a niin,

thehluh a ni tawh a.

2. Farm power machinery uar zawka

hman anih theih nan loneitu te tan awl-

sam zawka an lei theih dan ngaihtuahsak

mek a ni a.

3. Buh leh thlaite venhim nan leh leitha

kham khawp chawm an nih theih nan

chemical pesticides leh chemical fertili-

zers chauh hmang lovin Bio-pesticides leh

Bio-fertilizers uar zawka hmang chho zel

turin hmalak chhoh zel a ni.

4. WRC potential area kan neih tam loh

em avangin unit area a kan tharchhuah

tih pun lamah nasa taka Intensive Farm-

ing hmanga hmalak tum a ni a. Tunah

hian a tlangpui thuin kan cropping inten-

sity te hi 130% ang vel a ni a, hei hi 300%

cropping intensity a hlan chhoh tum a

niin, 300%cropping intensity nei tur hian

crop rotation thar duangchhuak in oil-

seeds leh pulses te leh thlasik thlai te

ching turin nasa taka hmalak tum a ni.

5. Mizorama leilet kan neih tawh sa tam-

zawk te hi hmanlai kan pi leh pu ten an lo

siam tawh tamtak a awm a, heng hmun ah

te hian farm machinery hmanga hmalak

tak tak harsatna hmun tam tak a awm a,

chuvang in heng hmun ah te hian farm

power machinery a duh tawk a hmalak

theih a nihna turin Land Improvement

lamah nasa taka hmalak a ngai a, chumi

rual rual chuan ram tha kan neih te buh

leh thlai chinna hmun a tan siam in Land

Development khawl tha leh mihring tha

hmanga uar zawk a hmalak zel tum a ni.

6. Loneitute tan eizawnna ngelnghet

siamsak an nih theih nan Watershed

Programme hrang hrang IWDP te,

NWDPRA leh WDPSCA te hmangin hma-

lak mek a ni.

WORLD FOOD DAY (16.10.2001)

A-PU AICHHINGA, MINISTER, AGRICULTURE etc. THUSAWILAI.

WORLD FOOD DAY (16.10.2001)

A-PU ROCHILA SAIAWI, COMMISSIONER, AGRICULTURE etc. THUSAWILAI.

WORLD FOOD DAY (16.10.2001)

A-Dr. O.P. SINGH. DIRECTOR OF AGRICULTURE & M.I THUSAWILAI

WORLD FOOD DAY (16.10.2001)

A ESSAY LAWMMAN, PU AICHHINGA, MINISTER, AGRICULTURE etc. IN A SEM LAI.

WORLD FOOD DAY REPORT LEH ESSAY COMPETITION –

A 1ST PRIZE WINNER ESSAY ZIAH

Ni 16th October, 2001 kha World Food Day a ni a. Mizoramah pawh Agriculture

Department bultum in, Agriculture Conference Hall-ah, he ni (16th October, 2001) dar

11:00 A.M. - 1:00 P.M. thleng in Pu Aichhinga, Hon’ble Minister of Agriculture etc. leh Pu

Rochila Saiawi, Commissioner of Agriculture etc. te kaihhruaina leh hona in Programme

hlimawm tak hman a ni. Development Department atang te, Media lam - Journalist te,

Information & Publicity Department atang te, Doordarshan atang te in an rawn tel tha hle

a.

Dr. O.P. Singh, Director of Agriculture & Minor Irrigation te, Rev. Liandawla,

Chairman, Task Force for Intodelhna Project te, Pu Rochila Saiawi, Commissioner of

Agriculture etc. te leh Chief Guest, Pu Aichhinga, Minister of Agriculture etc. ten World

Food Day Thupui: “Fight Hunger to Reduce Poverty” (Retheihna umbo turin tam do

rawh) tih chu thiam takin an sawi a, a hlawkthlak hle a ni.

World Food Day denchhen hian Mizoram chhunga College zirlai te (Students)

inelna atan Essay Competition buatsaih a ni. An result chu hetiang hi a ni :-

1st Lalrintluanga, Class-XI Roll No. 12

Bungkawn College, Aizawl.

2nd H.K. Lalhmunsiama, Iyr B.A. Roll No. 131

Hrangbana College, Aizawl.

3rd Lalbiakkila, IIyr B.A. ‘B’ Roll No. 269

Govt. Aizawl College

C/o Lalpekthanga, Thakthing Tlang (T-12)

CONSOLATION PRIZE

1. Lalzahawma, Iyr B.A. Roll No. 40

Hrangbana College, Aizawl.

2. Lalawmpuia Ralte LLB (Pre) Roll No. 16

Aizawl Law College,

College Veng, Aizawl

3. R. Laltlanfela, IIIyrs B.A. Roll No. 20

Aizawl West College

4. C. Lalthazuala, IIyrs B.Sc Roll No. 34

Pachhunga University College

5. H. Lalrosanga, IIyrs B.A. Roll No. 75

Aizawl North College, Aizawl.

Essay Competition a pakhatna lawmman dawngtu Essay ziak

pawh kan rawn tichhuak e. Lawmman pakhatna in Rs. 4,000/-, pahnihna in Rs. 3000/-,

pathumna in Rs. 2,000/- leh Consolation lawmman Rs. 500/- theuh leh Certificate mawi

tak an dawng a ni.

ESSAY

THUPUI : FIGHT HUNGER TO REDUCE POVERTY

(Retheihna tikiang turin tam I do ang u)

Ziaktu : Tv. Lalrintluanga

Class XI

Bungkawn College

Aizawl

Roll No. 12.

FIGHT HUNGER TO REDUCE POVERTY

Kan thupui “Fight Hunger to Redu-

ce Poverty” tih hi saptawng a ziah anih

avangin Duhlian tawngin a awmzia lo sa-

wifiah hmasa ta ila a tha awm e. “Retheih-

na ti kiang turin tam I do ang u” emaw

“Retheihna umbo turin tam do rawh” tih

emaw pawhin kan dah thei awm e. Tichu-

an, he thupuiin a tumber tak chu khawvel-

a retheihna umbo turin ei leh bar kan tla-

kchham thinna hi engtinnge kan tihkian

ang tih a ni. Chumi anih avang chuan

TAMNA chu enge anih tih te, engvang a lo

thleng thin nge tihte pawh kan sawi ang a.

Chumai bakah, Tamna avanga retheihna

lo thleng thin chu engtinnge kan tihkian

theih ang tihte kan sawi nghal bawk ang.

Tam emaw, Tamna tih awmzia pawh lo

sawifiah hmasa ta ila. Indo te, hrileng te,

khuarel chhiatna (Natural Calamities) etc.

avanga eitur tlakchhamna lo thleng thin

hi ani ti ila a chiang ber awm e.

Tamna avanga retheihna lo thleng

thin tikiang tur leh Tamna umbo tur chu-

an engvangin nge Tamna hi a lo thlen thin

tih leh, Tamna thlen thintu chi hrang hr-

ang te kan hriatchian hmasak a pawima-

wh em em a, chuvang chuan chungte chu

lo sawi hmasa ta ila.

Tamna thlen thin te zinga pawima-

wh tak chu hrileng avanga natna leh thih-

na hial lo thleng thin hi a ni. Hrileng avang

hian ei leh bar thawhchhuahna kawngah

nasa takin harsatna a thlen thin a. Ei leh

bar zawnna atana sum leh pai kan hman

tur te nen lam, natna avanga harsatna lo

thlengte enkawl nan hman alo tul thin a.

Chu chuan retheihna khurah min hnuklut-

in, taksa leh rilru thlenga harsatna min th-

lenin Tampui mitthi kan lo tawk thin ani.

Tin, a dawt lehah chuan Khuarel

chhiatna (Natural Calamities) lo thleng th-

in hian Tamna avangin retheihna a thlen

thin bawk a, beisei loh leh hriat lawk loh

chhiatna mihringte chunga lo thleng thin

hian kan nunphung a tidanglamin nun ha-

rsatna min thlen a, chu chuan Tamna khu-

rah min hnuklut thin. Chuvangin Khuarel

chhiatna, Leimin, Tuilian, Khawkheng leh

Lirnghing, Tlangkang etc. te hian Tamna a

thlenin retheihna nasa tak min thlen thin

bawk.

Ram leh Ram, Chi leh Chi inkara in-

nghirnghona leh indona hial lo thleng thin

hian Tamna min thlenin retheihna khurah

min tantir bawk thin. He harsatna avang

hian ram leh hnamin sum leh pai tam tak

a khawhralin, ei leh bar ngaihtuah nan a

sum leh pai kan hman tur te nen lam ralt-

huam lei nan te, indona senso atan te hm-

an a lo ngai ta thin a, hei hian Tamna ava-

ngin Retheihna min thlen thin bawk ani.

Tin, mihring pung chak lutuk hi

Tamna thlentu ani bawk. Ei leh bar kan

thawhchhuah leh dehchhuah aia mihring

pung kan tam hian, eitur, hnathawh tur

etc. te thlengin kan indaih zo lova, chu

chuan engkim indaih lohna min thlen a,

Tamna avangin retheihnaah min hruailut

bawk thin a ni.

A tir lama kan sawi tak ang khan

Tamna avanga Retheihna lo thleng thin

umbo emaw, titlem tur emaw chuan chu

Tamna chu engtinnge kan pumpelh theih

ang? tih kan hriat chian a pawimawh a.

Tamna hi mihringte harsatna min thlentu

leh retheihna awmtirtu chimawm tak a

nih avangin a tihbo leh pumpelhna kawn-

gah theihtawp kan chhuah a tul takzet a

ni. Chuvangin, chu Tamna tibo leh pum-

pelh tur chuan engtin nge hma kan lak

ang? tih chu hetiang hian lo sawi leh ta ila

a tha awm e.

A pakhatna atan chuan ei tur deh

chhuah kawnga hmasawnna (Agricultural

Development) hmasawnna hi Retheihna

lo thlentirtu. Tamna do nan thil pawima-

wh ber a ni. Tamna hi chhiatna leh harsat-

na hrang hrang lo thleng thin avanga eitur

tlakchhamna a ni tih kan hria a. Ei leh bar

hi mihringte nunna bul, a lova kan awm

theih loh, a pui a pang, a lian a te-a kan

mamawh a nih avangin chumi thawhchh-

uah leh dehchhuah kawnga hmasawnna

chu thil pawimawh ber a ni. Tunlai khaw-

vela Economic War lo thleng mek, ram

hausa leh ropui ten an hausakna hmanga

rethei zawkte an awpbehna hunah hian

Economic Development bulpui leh inngh-

ahna chu Agriculture lama hmasawnna

leh intodelhna a nih miau avangin, Agricu-

ltural Development hi Tamna avanga Re-

theihna lo thleng thin tihkianna hmanraw

pawimawh ber a ni. Chuvangin, ei leh bar

zawn kawngah hma kan sawn a, kan than

deuh deuh theih nan Agricultural Develo-

pment hi kan ngaihpawimawh ber a ngai

a ni. Hnathawktu leh sorkar thlengin ma-

whphurhna lian tak kan nei theuh a, lo

neih dan changkang zawk leh hlawk zawk

te, thlai chi tha leh hlawk zawk, khawl

changkang leh hmanraw tha zawkte hma-

nga ei leh bar zawn kawngah hma kan lak

a tul a ni, chuvangin tunlai khawvel chan-

gkanna hmang tangkai thei tura thiamna

kan neih a pawimawh a. Chutah chuan

hnathawktu leh sorkar lam pawhin theih-

tawp kan chhuah a tul. Sum leh pai te th-

lengin tam zawk leh nasa zawka hmalak a

ngai a ni. Tin, sorkar lam pawhin hnatha-

wktuten hlawhtlinna an chan ngei theihna

turin hetiang lama mawhphurtu bik Dep-

artment te pawh a tihchangtlun deuh de-

uh a pawimawh a ni. Tin, Agriculture lama

hmasawnna tur kan sawi ruala kan sawi

hmaih hauh loh tur chu Khawl hmanga

hnathawhna (Mechanisation) hi a ni. Kan

ram leilung a da-in, a bua tawh hle a,

tunhma a kan lo neih dan (Primitive Me-

thod) kha bansanin mechanisation kan

uar a pawimawh a, hemi tipuitling tur

hian Sorkar lam pawhin mithiam zawk

leh sum leh pai thlenga ruahmanna tha a

pawimawh bawk.

A dawt lehah chuan thil siamchh-

uah kawnga hmasawnna hi Retheihna

tikiang tur leh Tamna dova umbo turin a

pawimawh em em bawk a ni. Ram hrang

hrang te hi kan ram leilung a inang lova,

chumai bakah mihring pung chak lutuk te

avangin ram leh hmun kan indaih zo lova.

Chumai ni lovin lo in lo neihna hmun tur

ram te pawh kan indaih lova, amaherawh-

chu hemi avang ngawt hian ei tur kan ma-

mawh lo a ni chuang si lova. Chuvangin,

ramdang atanga ei tur lak luh nan sum leh

pai kan mamawh a, chu sum leh pai kan

mamawh hmuchhuak tur chuan thil siam

chhuah leh deh chhuah kawnga tan lak

leh hmasawn a pawimawh a ni. Chutiang

a nih avang chuan kan thil siam chhuahte

ram danga hralh a, thawnchhuak thei tur

leh, chuta tanga ei leh bara kan lo intodelh

theihna tur chuan Industrial Development

hi a pawimawh em em a ni. Chuvang chu-

an Tamna avanga Retheihna lo thleng thin

um bova tikiang turin Industrial Develop-

ment lama hmasawn tura tan lak a pawi-

mawh a. Ramin sum leh pai tam zawk a

dehchhuah a, ram dang atanga a mamawh

thildang ei leh bar turte thlenga awlsam

zawka a chawkluh theih nan hei hi a tul

tak zet a ni.

Tin, a dang leh ah chuan mihring

pung chak lutuk kan ven hi Retheihna

thlen thintu Tamna umbo tura thil pawi-

mawh em em a ni. Khawvelah mihring

kan pung zel a, leilung erawh chu a pung

ve lem si lo. Mihring kan tam tak avangin

ei leh bar leh kan mamawh thildang a

pung tulh tulh a, chutih rual chuan kan

mamawh dehchhuahna tur atan a ram tha

te, thlai tharchhuahna tur atan a hman

tlak erawhchu a tlem tial tial si a ni. Mi-

hring lo tam ta lutuk chuan kan mamawh

engkim indaihlohna min thlen ta a ni. Chu

chuan Tamna a rawn thlenin Retheihna

khurah min hruailut thin a ni. Chuvang

chuan mihring lo pung chak lutuk ta hi

kan ven a. Family Planning felfai zawk

nena kan inenkawl a tul. Chumai bakah

chuan kan economic dinhmun a zir a

chhungkua din thiam tur leh chumi atan a

inbuatsaihna kan neih theih nan sorkar

lam atangin zirtirna tha kan neih a tul

bawk. Chuvangin, Retheihna titlem tur leh

Tamna umbo tur chuan mihring pung

chak lutuk kan ven tlat a pawimawh em

em a ni.

A hmasa lama kan sawi tawh angin

ram leh ram, chi leh chi inkara inghir-

nghona leh indona hial lo awm thin hian

Tamna a thlen thin a. Chuvangin he Tam-

na do tur leh um bova, retheihna tikiang

tur chuan ram leh hnam inkarah remna

leh muanna tha a awm hi a pawimawh em

em a ni. Remna leh muanna a awm hian

ram leh hnamin chak takin hmasawnna

kawng a zawh thei thin a, remna leh mua-

nna tello chuan hmasawnna zawng zawng

hi a than a thu thei a ni. Chuvangin rethe-

ihna hrang hrang Tamna avanga lo thleng

thin titlem thei turin remna leh muanna

kawngah mitinin ke kan pen theuh tur a

ni. Remna leh muanna pawimawh zia ent-

irna tawite lo sawi ta ila, Gulf War rap-

thlak tak lo chhuah na chhan kha Iraq-in

Kuwait ram a run satliah vang a ni mai

lova, Iraq-in an ram economic dinhmun

chhe lutuk tihthatna anih beiseiin Kuwait

rama Oil khur te chu a it a, chu chuan ind-

ona rapthlak tak a hring chhuakin Tampui

mitthi a rawn thlen ta anih kha. Heta tang

ringawt pawh hian indona hi Tamna thle-

ntu anih zia a hriattheih a. Chuvang chuan

Tamna avanga retheihna lo thleng thin ti-

hbo nan remna leh muanna, chi leh chi,

ram leh ram inkar a pawimawhzia chu ka-

n hre thei awm e. Hemi avang hian remna

leh muanna alo thlen theihna turin mitin-

in theihtawp kan chhuah theuh tur a ni.

Mimal, chhungkua, khawtlang leh

ram hian Tamna umbo a, do turin ruahm-

anna tha kan neih a pawimawh bawk. Kan

mamawh leh kan thil tulte thawk chhuak

a, intodelh thei turin ruahmanna tha leh

hmantlak kan siam thiam a tul a ni. Ruah-

manna tha tello chuan chak taka hmasa-

wn turin hlawhtlin a har bik thin a chuva-

ngin kan chakkhai leh mamawh tinreng

phuhruk a, he Tamna, retheihna min thlen

thintu umbo tur hian ruahmanna tha leh

hmantlak kan siam thiam a tul em em a ni.

Tamna chu chhan hrang hrang

avanga ei leh bar leh thildang kan mama-

wh kan tlakchhamna hi a ni tih kan hre ta

a. Chumi chuan retheihna a rawn thlen th-

in tih pawh kan hre chiang tawh awm e.

Retheihna hian khawvel a tihrehawm a,

chuvang chuan chu retheihna min thlen

thintu chu theihtawp a do leh umbo kaw-

nga hma kan lak hi a tul tak zet a ni. Kan

sawi tawh angin, Tamna do tur chuan Ag-

ricultural Development te, Industrial Dev-

elopment, mihring pung chak lutuk ven te,

Remna leh Muanna tha neih te leh rua-

hmanna tha siam te a pawimawh a. Tunlai

khawvel han thlir hian ram hrang hrang-

ah Tampui mitthi a thleng mek reng a,

chutah chuan ram hrang hrang ten sum

leh pai tam tak kan dek ral thin - United

Nations (UN) meuh pawh hi chung mite

tanpui leh chhawmdawl chuan a hmanhl-

el a nih tak rik-ngawt mat hi. Tamna lo

thleng thin hian a tuartu te tan mai harsa-

tna a thlen a ni lova, khawvela mihring

zawng zawng hi min tibuai tel a ni zawk.

Hawh teh u, he Tamna tihbaiawm

tak, retheihna khura min hnukluttu hi

theihtawp a dova kan pumpelh theih nan

tan la ila, a nei leh hausa zawk ten midang

chunga hlei len mai lovin midang tanpuitu

nih tum theuh tur leh Siamtu duhdan ang

ngeia khawvel mihring zawng zawng te hi

lungmuang taka kan awmho theih nan,

hrehawmna khura min hnuklut thintu,

“RETHEIHNA TIKIANG TURIN TAM I DO

ANG U”.

REV. LIANDAWLA

CHAIRMAN, TASK FORCE FOR INTODELHNA PROJECT,

GOVERNMENT OF MIZORAM.

1st PRIZE WINNER, ESSAY WRITING COMPETITION ON WORLD FOOD DAY

TV. LALRINTLUANGA, CL.-XI, BUNGKAWN COLLEGE, AIZAWL.

AGRICULTURE QUARTER, AIZAWL

A PU R. THANSANGA KUHVA KUNG PHUN (PHUN KUM – 1987)

S.D.A.E. (M.I.) OFFICE, CHAMPHAI

HREIPUI KHUAI TU THEI LEH SEKIBUHCHHUAK

- Rev. Liandawla, Chairman,

Task Force for Intodelhna Project,

Gov’t. of Mizoram.

Ka Nuchhimi chhuak ta si, ka Sakhi

raipuar lah chhuak ta bawk. Hmanlai zaw-

ngin Vai lal nupuiah ka awm, tunah erawh

ka pu Sazaa nau ka awi. Kan pi pu te zaw-

ngin thil pawh an lo nei tha na meuh mai.

Maurawkela Zawngkhuang ben rik ruala a

duh apiang awmtir thei leh Lalruanga da-

wibur, duh duh koh haw theihna leh duh

ang chantir zel theihna; chu mai a la nilo -

Phungpuinu ro thil tha Sekibuhchhuak, k-

an Pu Chhurbura’n a lo hneh chhuh tak,

duh hun huna sa leh buh auhchhuah the-

ihna khawlte meuh pawh zu lo nei a. Mah-

se, kan vanduai a, kan thil neih tha te pa-

wh min hum him tir thei tu leh min tifing

thei ber tur kan savun lehkha kha, kha ber

mai kha a pawimawh tehlul nen, a dahtu

khan sumhmunah, sumah kher lo zu dah

pek a. Ui in a lo pu bo ta hlauh mai si a, a

pawi ngei mai. Finna bul ber hlauh ta si

hek, kan pi pu te mawl lai denchhen hian

America leh Sapho te hian awlsam takin

an bum ang a, an Sekibuhchhuak te kha

nghawngkawl nena inthleng ah te an dil

ang a, an Zawngkhuang leh Lalruanga da-

wibur te kha - Hmui leh Herawt a thleng-

ah te an thlem ang a, anni lah mawl ta ng-

ang si chuan - an “aw” ta mai a nihte ka ri-

ng ta rum rum mai. An ramah an ni’n an

hawn thla ang a, an hmang tangkai ta em

em mai ni ngei tur a ni. An thlah te lahin

vaibuh sehrep nen hraileng kan awi a, “Ka

la zam ral mai awm e tlang bawmin,” tih

hlate hi a thunawnah kan la thlan mai

hmel e.

Vanneih thil thu-ah kan pi pu te ro-

hlu hi rin loh ang takin khawi laiah emaw

han hmuchhuak leh ta hlauh mai ila, Zaw-

ngkhuang ngei mai kha, darbakin han ak

teng tawng ila “America Dollar zawng za-

wng Mizoramah lo lut raw pip” kan ti ang

a, kan han beng karh ang a, a lo lut hem

hem mai dawn si a, kan hman sen loh hm-

el. Chutiangin, Lalruanga dawibur leh Sek-

ibuhchhuak te kha thu kan han pe ang a,

nitin ruai kan theh mep mep reng mai

dawn a ni a, kan vanneih dawn tehlul nen,

mahse, pi pu te at a leiah kan lo chau zo ta

si a, Hreipui khuaitu thei, tha tel kha chu

kan lo la kawl ve hlauh a, hmanraw dang

nen theihtawp chhuahin, tan la ila, hman

a mi kha a tluk lo deuh a nih pawhin, hm-

an ve theih tawk tak zawng kan la dap-

chhuak thei ngei ang. Zofa ten tan i’n la ve

tak tak dawn teh ang.

Saphote’n, “Mawlna hi Pialral a ni,”

an tih pek chu. “A mawl apiang an hlim a

ni” an ti zui leh nghal a, a dik duh awm tiu

teu. Mahse, “Zofate zawng chu Pialral-ah

chuan I kai ve lo mai ang u,” tiin ka insa-

wm duh a ni. A chhan pawh mawlna pial-

ralah zawng hlim mah ila, kan mi ang lo

nuih vur vur hmel.

Korean ho te chuan an ram an hma-

ngaih a, an ngaihlu khawp a, “Pathianin ni

ruk chhungin khawvel a siam a, Korean r-

am siam nan ni nga a hmang bik a ni” an

tia lawm. Mizoram siam nan hian Pathian-

in ni engzat tak hmang ve ang maw!! The-

nkhatte chuan Mizoram siam nan hian hu-

n tam Pathian hian a sen kan ring lo deuh

nge ! Kan ram a chhe si, a awih si, tuifin-

riat a hlat si, phaizawl pawh awm ve hlei

lo - Engatinge kan pi pu te khan khawch-

hak phaizawl tha kalsan a, khawthlang p-

hai zawl tha thleng zo leh lawi si lo, kham

kar zawng ang mai a khawsa tura helai

ram chhengchhe tak maia min khawsak

pui ngawt mai le, an tih te pawh ka hre

thin. Mahse, ngaihtuah teh Sekibuhchh-

uak leh khawizu leh hnutetui luang ram

tih hi inthenawm rial zu ni tlat pek a. Ai-

gupta bawih ni mek Israel fate kha Pathi-

anin a hruai chhuak dawn a, a hruailu-

hna tur ram a sawi chu Kanan ram a ni.

Kanan ram chu ruahtui tlak tlemna grep

pawh thlum duhna ram thlaler ramro, lu-

ngpui khawro tak tak awmna ram, thlai

pawh chin hleih theih lohna lai pawh tam

tak awmna, Zothlifim chu kaha? Chutiang

ram lum leh ramro chu khawizu leh hnut-

etui luanna ram, hming zu puttir mauh

lawi si a. An tum ram Kanan an luah chiah

chu le, raldo leh khawizu leh hnutetui lua-

ng rama siam tu tur chu an mahni Israel

fate ngei an lo ni tih an han inhria a, kh-

awizu leh hnutetui kha a lo luang zuih mai

a, an va tlan ta bawrh bawrh mai a lo ni

awzawng lo. Anmahni ngei khan an luan-

tir ta a ni zawk.

Reife a ni ta - Tualpui Kohhran-ah

an thuhriltu pakhat chuan thu a sawi a, a

uar khawp mai a,”……. .Engatinge Tualpui-

ah hian Thlawhtheihna a tum loh kan tih

chuan…..” a ngawi deuh vang vang a, ‘A tu-

m hmun a awm lo atin a ni’ a han ti a, nga-

ithlatu te an nui hak a. Tunah hian enga-

tinge Lengpuiah hian thlawhna a tum kan

tih chuan a tumhmun a awm atin a ni. Na-

whalh bawk khat siam tur hian Mizo pa

zawng zawng hi kal khawm ta ila, kan

siam theihloh hmel. Engatinge? A siamdan

thiam heklo i. Hetiang kan nih si chuan ni-

chin ah khan Pialral kailo tur khan kan

inngen tak na a, Pialral tlafualah mawlna

vengah kan thut nghuk hmel mang e. Ral-

tiang ram kan thlir a, a then te chu an duh

leh thla ah an lawn a, an duh leh tuihnuai-

ah an tleng tak zel zel a, keini erawh ngha-

wngkawl area-ah kan phurh rih lutuk ava-

ng in chawn a sek tha telh telh rih si a.

Tihpui nikhuaah ‘Leng dang mite’n Lal lai

par tlan in, min ngai lote’n hlimin an leng

si’ tih hi sa leh phawt rih mai ang.

Mahse, kan vannei e, ram awih leh

kham kar pawh thliar lo, mifing leh mima-

wl pawh iai chuang lo, mitin ta tur chanc-

hintha kan dawng ta hlauh a, kan nihlawh

chungchuang ta - Van Lal reng ro Pialral l-

unghlu chhartu zingah kan tel ta. “Thinlu-

ng a lamah hawn ila, ro thil dang a ngai

tawh lo vang” tiin kan zai tui ta, a lawm-

awm e. Mahse, kan zaitui mengrei, thoph-

ang mit fiah lo nge, Mana tlak dawn lai

hun emaw kan ti leh thut thin, thawk hah

lova tamtak neih nghek tumna ramah kan

lo pem lut leh huk thin. Thlarau lam ruai-

theh nikhuaah han Hallelui pawrin, han

Amen ki kuai ngak thin mah ila, kan nupui

ten vaibuh thlei an bang chuang lo va. Ha-

llelui awmzia pawh hre hawt lote buh leh

bal thar chhuahsa bawka khawsak kan rel

leh ruk ruk chhung hi chuan, lung a awi

thei chuang lo ang.

Zan dar 9:00 a lo ni a, mut te pawh

a lo hun ta, tui takin mu rawh le. Mahse, I

khum kha en la, ramdang siam tel lo in, h-

an mu chin teh - I mut a tui meuh na ema-

w! Zingah I tho va, I hmai phih la, I ha na-

wt rawh, chu mi zawhah thingpui han in

la, khang zawngah khan tui tih chauh lo

chu ramdang kutchhuak zu ni tlat pek a.

Chaw ei a hun ta, I ei ta malh malh a, I ch-

aw kil laiah khan ramdang ta zawng kha

rawn la ta thut se, puar lo chung pawhin

thawh tho a ngaih hmel. Mahse, Pu Saim-

ana’n “Thawk dial dial ila, ei dial dial ila, a

peih lo inphut hlei lo ila,” a ti e, an tih ang-

in, Mana chhar lai ang kha a ni ber e. Hei

ang ram nuam hi ramdang awm ve tak

ang maw! Mahse, Silchar kawng a pin hla-

uh chuan le, Pu Mana sana zawrh ang mai,

chuti hlauh chu.

Kum 2002 atang chuan puan ven

sawi chhingin Pa riltamin thlawhhma I za-

uh dawn teh ang u le, kan Hreipui khuaitu

thei te kha han tuaihnum tan ila, kan hma-

nraw dang neih te nen khan. Mizoram Sa-

wrkar-in Sekibuhchhuak awmna kha a hr-

ia a, a laihchhuah dan tur fel tak in a dua-

ng ta. USA-in Osama Bin Ladena thurchh-

uah an tum ai chuan, keini chuan kan

hnehsawh ngial dawn a ni. Sekibuhchh-

uak kha a rei fu tawh naa lei pawh in a la

chhilh pil thuk vak lo a ni awm e. Econo-

mic Policy thar I lo hmu hnai tawh ang a,

chutih hunah chuan awmze neiin kut hna-

thawktu ten hna in kalpui thei tawh dawn

a ni. Lo nghak phawt mai teh le, rei a ni

tawh lo ang.

Chu Policy tharah chuan, mawhph-

urhna neitu nihna I kutah a awm dawn a,

chuta thil pawimawh tak tur chu -

Remhriatna, Taimakna leh Rinawmna a ni

ang. Remhriatna hi hmasawnna thluak

bur a ni a. Taimakna leh Rinawmna hi

hmasawnna thahrui chu an ni. Heng

pathum te hi nun- pui tak tak in Zoram hi

Silchar kawng a pin chang pawh a, ram

pawn lam an buai tawh zawkna,

intodelhna mai ni lo, hmasawnna

(economic development) ramah I chantir

ang u.

CHAWNTLANGPUI – AGRI VILLAGE

- R. Thansanga,

Addl. Secretary, Govt. of Mizoram.

Kum 1997 - 99 inkar khan

Chawntlangpui khua hi Agriculture

Department-in theih tawpin a tanpui a.

He khua hi khaw lian vak lo. Lawngtlai

leh Kolodine inkara awm a ni a.

Agriculture Department - in a

tanpuina a pek leh a tihsak te chu

hengte hi an ni a:-

1) Oil Expeller 1 No.

2) Speed boat 1 No.

3) Aluminium Pipes 2 truck trips

4) Dug-out ponds 24 nos.

Tin, heng bakah hian Agri. link

road km 3½ khua atanga Kolodine lui

pawhin laihsak an ni bawk a. Tin,

chhungkua 12 tan, Contour trench

laihsak an ni bawk a. Tin, he khuate

hian Society pakhat Meat & Vegetables

Producers’ Society an din bawk a.

Hengte hi Pu Thansanga,

Director, Agriculture & Minor Irriga-

tion hun laia tihsak vek an ni a. A ram

velte a fanpui vek a, thlai tharchhuah

Kawlchaw kaia lawnga phurh thlak dan

turte pawh a ruahmanpui vek a.

Tichuan, tunah chuan an lo

hmunahte Pipe-a tui la in thlai tam

tawk an tharchhuak tawh a ni. Kumtin

bawkbawn, French bean, hmarchapui

leh hmarchate, antam chi hrang hrang,

bawrhsaiabe te leh behlawite leh thlai

hriaknei chi hrang hrang an thar-

chhuak teuh tawh a ni. Hengte hi Speed

Boat - in Kawlchaw kaiah an phur

thlain an hralh thin a ni.

Tin, Sangha dil an nei nual bawk

a. An zinga mi Pu V.L. Rinkima, Ex- VCP

pawhin kum 1-ah sangha Quintal 3½

vel a hralhchhuak.

He khua hi khaw entawntlak tak

an ni ve a ni.

LEILET HLAWK ZAWKA CHHAWR THEIH NAN

COOPERATIVE SOCIETY DIN”

By C. LALCHHUNGA Assistant Registrar,

Co-operative Societies.

Vawiin ni 17th August, 2001 a “HL-

AWK ZAWKA LEILET CHHAWR TANGKAI

DAN” thupui hmanga workshop kan DAO

Kolasib ten an rawn buatsaih hi a lawma-

wm hle a, a tangkai hle pawh ka ring a ni.

Tin, kei pawh subject pawimawh tak mai

sawi tura min ruat ve hi lawmawm ka ti

hle a, kan Department pahnih tan pawh

malsawmna a nih phak hial pawh ka

beisei e.

Awle, ka subject atana min han tuk

ve chu “Leilet hlawk zawka chhawr theih

nan Coop. Society din” tih a ni a. Sawi pa-

wh a chakawmin a phurawm hle mai. Va-

wiin a ka thusawi lo ngaithlatu zawng za-

wng ten ngun taka lo ngaithla a. Society

tha tak, hlawhtling thei nghal tur din turin

a duh apiangte chu lo inngaihtuah nghal

mai a tha ang. Amaherawhchu Coopera-

tion-ah chuan, “A duh apiang leh rinawm-

te tan” a ni tih kan hre sa dawn nia. Heti-

angin kan thupui hi han her rem ta ila,

thinlungah a chiang zawk thei em aw?

“Kan leilette hi engtinnge Cooperative So-

ciety-te hmangin hlawk zawka kan siam

theih ang?” Hetiangin sawi ila, kan work-

shop siamtute leh vawiina lokalte zawng

zawng ngaihdan ah kan luh fuh zawk mai

theih ka ring a ni. Henglai Kolasib District

chhunga kan leilet neihdan phung te, tun-

lai finna leh thiamna (Mechanised Farm-

ing) hmanga leilet enkawlte hi a that dan

kan la ngaithla dawn tho va, chuvangin

keini chuan kan leilette Cooperative anga

kan tihhmasawn theih dan tur te, kan lei-

letin rah hlu tak tak a lo chhuahte Coope-

rative anga hma la a, a neitute tana tang-

kai zawka a awm theihdan tur zir thlen

kan tum dawn a ni. Cooperative Society

din dan leh a hnathawh dante sawi ruak

ruak hmasa ila a thain ka ring, hetiangin :

COOPERATIVE DIN DAN

1) Membership : Mipuitling chin kum 18

chung lam, mi pangngai (mi a ni lo) a duh

apiang Sawrkar hnathawk pawh thawk lo

pawh, chhungkaw khat atangin pakhat

zel, upat lamah lutuk chin a awm lem lo-

va, a tlem berah 15 nos. aia tlem lo, a tam

lamah tiam chin (limit) a awm lo bawk.

2) Share & Admission fee : Mi pakhat tan

share khat hi Rs. 100/- leh Admission fee

Rs. 5/- a ni. Share hi duh zat zat lei theih

tluk a ni. Share thawh khawm zawng zaw-

ng 1/5(Hmun nga a thena hmun khat) aia

tam mi pakhatin thawh phal a ni lo. Mi in

bangin an share la kir leh duh se, kum

khat hnuah an share an la kir leh thei.

3) Area of operation : A huam chin atan

V.C. khat huam chhungte emaw, ram bial

(zau khat) khat tih angte emaw a zau

emaw pawh a ni thei.

4) Management Committee/Assembly :

Society te hi Managing Committee in an

enkawlin an kaihruai ber a, kumtin Gene-

ral Assembly neiin a hruaitu turte an

thlang ziah thin.

5) Bye Law : Society chuan an mahni siam

Bye-Law (Constitution) hmangin an inkai-

hruai thin.

Awle, heng dan leh dunte hi sei tak

sawi tulah ngai lo ila, Bye-Law-ah a awm

vek thova, chung Society-te chuan an Soc-

iety tan leh an member-te tana tha thei

ang bera hnathawh chu an tihtur leh a

tum chu a ni. Kan thupuiah khan, “Leilet

hlawk zawka chhawr theih nan Coopera-

tive Society din” a nih kha. Anih eng Socie-

ty nge kan din ang? Society hrang hrang

tam tak a awm thei a. Dawrkai chi te, Thil

siam chite etc. Kan subject-in a tum lam

chu leilet, lo neih lam a nih avangin heng a

hnuaia Society sawite hi din ila chung ch-

uan hmasawnna kawng a zawhpui theih

theuhin a rinawm :-

1) Farming Cooperative Society Ltd..te,

2) Agri. Development & Marketing Coop.

Society Ltd te.

3) Fruit & Vegetable Grower Cooperative

Society Ltd.,

4) Agro. Industrial Cooperative Society

Ltd. te,

5) Oil extracting Cooperative Society Ltd.

te

Heng a chunga kan han ziah chhuah

Society hming langte hian kan leilet hmun

azirin, leh kan thil thar azirte leh leilet

neitute hmalak tum dan azirin Society

hmingte chu a enga pawh hi a vuah theih

hlawm awm e. Hemi a ka han ziah chhuah

mai lohte pawh kan hmalak tum dan a

zira Society hming vuah tur dangte pawh

a la awm thluah thei ang.

Engtinnge anih Cooperative Society ch-

uan leilet hlawk zawka chhawr a nih theih

nan hma a lak tak ang? Entirnan : Hetian-

gin lo siam dawn ila :- Tuichhuahen.

Tuichhuahen Agri. Development &

Marketing Coop. Society Ltd.

Kolasib-ah hian leilet tha tak tak

awmna hmun Zau, “Tuichhuahen Zau” a a-

wm a, a area vela loneitute leh leilet neitu

mi 70 in Society, a chunga mi khi an lo si-

am ta angah ngai ila. General Assembly-in

ropui an han rel ang a, kha an area chhun-

gah khan engnge an chin ang engnge hla-

wk ber ang, buh an ching dawn a nih chu-

an eng buh chi nge tha ber ang, buh thar

zawhah thlasik thlaiah engnge an chin leh

ang, a lo thar hunah engtiangin nge

Society angin an tih zel ang, tihte an

hmalak dan tur tlangpui an rel tur a ni.

Chung Assembly-in a tlangpui a relte chu

Managing Committee-in a bawhzui tawh

dawn a ni,

(Vanneihthlak takin Tuichhuahen

Zauva leilet zawl tha vak lo zawng

zawngte chu kan sawrkar zarah Bull

Dozer-in a nawr zawl that sak vek ta mai

a, a lawmawm hle. 70 hectares zawl awm

anga chhut a ni. La nawr zawl lo se chu

Society chuan an member zawl nei tha

lote chu Bull Dozer hire-in a nawr

zawlsak vek mai dawn a ni.)

Tunah hian a lo zawl ta a, buh leh

thlai ching tur pawhin lei chu leh phut

(cheh phut) a lo ngai leh a. Heng leileh

hnate hi tunlai Kolasib velah chuan vai

hoten an thawk ber thin. Khawl hmanga

leilet/Farm siam hi a tunlai a. (Pu Lowry,

Seventh Day Missionary, Mizorama mi

khan USA-ah leilet mel li (4) bial vel a nei

a, chu chu mi pahnih (2)-in hneh takin an

enkawl zo vek a ni.)

TRACTORS : Society chuan tractor lian t-

ha chi a lei ang a, member-ten man tlawm

te te, man chanve-in an hire ang a, ni hnih

/khat lek lekah an leilette chu tha deuh

deuhin buh leh thil dang an chin duh leh

phun duhte phun theih turin a buatsaih

peih vek mai dawn a ni. (Mi ramah chuan

a chin pawh, a seng khawm leh pawh kha-

wlin an thawk mai thin. Tractor pakhatin

a daih loh deuh leh pahnih pathum an lei

mai ang.)

LOAN : A nih leh heng tractor-te hi kha-

wia pawisa in nge kan lei ang? Agriculture

Deptt. Loan te, Apex Bank Loan te, NCDC,

NEC etc.in an lei mai dawn ani, (Baktawng

Balhla te, Vanlaiphai Alu etc. te chu heng

Loan leh heng atanga tanpuina hian

Motor lianin an phur vut vut mai a ni.)

MARKETING : Heng phai zawl a fur leh

thlasik thlai tharte hi a hlawmin Society-

in member-te ta chu a la khawm ang a, a

to berna hmunah a hralh zung zung mai

dawn a ni.

PROCESSING : Member te thil thar, a her

dip chi te, Society khawlin a nuai ang a,

hriak a sawr chi te pawh chutiang bawkin

Society khawlin a sawr mai dawn bawk a

ni.

Tuichhuahen Agri. Dev & Marketin-

g Society Ltd. kan lo sawi chhunzawm zel

ang. Society hotu fel tak tak leh inpezo tak

tak kan neih avangin tlem a thawkmawh

deuh member ni ve si te kha duhsak hma-

sak turah pawh ngai ila. (Tunah hi chuan

mahni theih dan danin vaite chhawrin

thawh a ni hlawm a, kan leilet kan chhawr

tangkai dan a inthlau hle). He Tuichhuah-

en Society a lo din hnu hi chuan mi rethei-

te Leilet thar chhuah chu a in ang thup

thup ta mai a ni. An leilet that dan azirin

an hlawkin an hlawk lo mai tawh a ni.

Tuichhuahen Zauva zawl tha tui lak theih

zawng zawng chu an Society Tractor liana

hna an thawh avangin avaiin a chin tur

tha ber chin an lo ni ta vek a, buh pawh

helai zauva an thar thin let deuh thaw an

thar thei a.

Tuna Tuichhuahen Society a lo din

hnu hi chuan kan buh Tai sengna hnu kha

Society Tractor-in hneh takin Society

memberte leilet zawl zawng zawng kha

thla khat chhung velin a han let zo leh vek

a, a neitute chuan mahniin emaw Labour

ruaiin ni reilo teah an duh zawng zawng

thlai an ching ta thin a ni. Tuna an buh

chin thar let tam taka hlu kha an thlasik

thlai chin atangin an hmu thei ta a ni.

Tichuan kan thupui kha “Leilet hlawk

zawka chhawr theih nan Coop. Society

din” a ni a. Tuichhuahen Society a lo din

hnu hi chuan, a hma a an buh thar let

thelh an thar thei a, a hma a an buh that

nana labour tha sen chanve aia tlem an

seng leh a. Buh chin zawha an thlai thar

phei kha chu an thar zawng zawng 80%

vel chu a neituten an tel liau liau (net

profit) a ni thei phak hial awm e.

Awle, Tuichhuahen Society kha I la

sawi chhun zawm zel ang - Society mem-

ber ten chuti tak chuan Society thatna zar

an zova, enge Society tan an thawh ve tak

ang le? An Society tan thawh ve chu a ngai

ngei ang.

An leilet atanga an thar chhuah

zawng zawng 2% tal Society ah an chhun

luh kha chu an tih tur a ni ve ngei ang.

(5% lai pawh an Society rel duh dan ang

ang ani ang). Society in Tractor te an lei a,

Driver te chhawrin lei te an let a. Coop. S-

ociety hotu fel tak tak, lehkha thiam bawk

si, thil tih dan tur hre bawk si, nitina

member te tana tha tur anga thawka kan

rawihte lawmman atan te leh Society a m-

ember zawng zawng kum tawpa an hlaw-

kna (net profit) atana an mahni bawkin

hlawk taka an insem leh thin tur atan te,

2% tel kha chu phur takin, dik takin, rin-

awm takin an theh luh ve thin a ngai. An

Society kha member 70 an ni a. Leilet nei

zau deuh chuan cheng nuai khat man da-

wnte thil an thar ta a, a then chuan singli

singnga man, a then leh chuan sang sarih

sang riat man vel chauh an thar chhuak

hlawm thei a, average in Rs. 50,000/- thar

chhuak theuh angin ngaihruat ta ngawt

mai ila - 2% member ten an theh luh baw-

k chuan - 50,000/- ah chuan Rs. 1,000/-

theuh Society ten an theh lut thei ang.

Member 70 theuh luh tlingkhawm zat chu

Rs. 70,000/- lai a lo ni thei dawn a ni.

Thil dang kan ngaihtuah leh theih

chu kan Tractor lian khan memberte leilet

a siam fel vek hnu khan a ding mai mai

dawn lova, Member nilo ho khan an leilet

atan an hire char char dawn a, tin, kha

tractor khan lei a leh loh lai chuan nitinin

memberhote thlai thar Bazara zawrh tur

etc. man tlawm te tein a phurhsak reng

dawn a ni. Chung atangte, subsidy/grant

etc hmuh atang pawhin tlem tlem a rulin

kum thum hnuah chuan an lo rul tlafai

vek thei tawh ang.

Kan han sawitak ang khan Tuichh-

uahen Society tur kan han din mai a ni tih

kha hre thiam rual thah kan ni a. Hetiang

hian - Chemphai Society, Buhchangphai

Society te, Phaisen Society te, Chhimluang

Society te a din theih theuh ngei ang. A

hmun leh awm dan a zirin a hma lama kan

sawi ang khan Society hming pawh an

danglam theuh thei awm e. Tichuan “leilet

hlawk zawka chhawr theih nan Coop.

Society din” thu hmanga kan han sawi tak

duah atang te hian ngaihdan (idea) fel tak

a siam theih awm e. Tin, Cooperative

society te hi State sorkar atang mai ni

lovin, Central Financing Bank lian atangin

nasa taka tanpui theih leh tanpui thin an

ni. Chungte chu a tlangpuiin lo sawi ruak

ruak bawk ila :

1. NCDC F/A, Farmer Service Coop :

Farmer Service Cooperative Society-

te hnenah NCDC chuan financial assis-

tance heng atan hian a pe thei bawk a.

(a) Supply of Fertilizer

(b) Seeds

(c) Pesticides

(d) Insecticides

(e) Other Agril. Inputs

India ramah chuan heng Fertilizer

Manufacturing Company - KNIFRCO, IFF-

CO-te hi kan neih lente a ni, heng ho pawh

hi Coop. Organisation an ni a. Mizoram-ah

chuan fertilizer leh Agriculture thil dang

mamawh reng rengte chu Agriculture De-

partment leh MARU Cooperative Depart-

ment te kaltlangin neih theih a ni. Private-

a sumdawng ten an chang thei lo.

2. NCDC Agro. Custom Hiring Cen-

tre/Service Station :

He scheme hnuaiah hian Farmer/

loneitu ten chak zawk leh hmasawn zawk

a an leilette/huante an enkawl theih nan

Tractor, Power Tiller leh lei leh nana hm-

anraw tangkai tak tak hire theih tura rua-

hmanna a ni a. Mi harsa zawk te pawhin

an leilet atanga buh leh thlaite a tam thei

ang ber an thar chhuah theihna tura rua-

hmanna siam a ni.

3. NCDC scheme :

Storage for Financing creation of irri-

gation and water harvesting infrastruc-

tive/facilities by cooperatives (NCDC).

Hemi Schemes hian a hnuaia tarlante

siam theihna hi a keng tel a ni.

Activities :

a) Construction of temporary &

permanent check dams

b) Gully control structures

c) Percolation tanks

d) Contour trenching

e) Contour stone walls

f) Vegetative Barrier

g) Catch pits

h) Ditches on contour

i) Contour bunds

j) Compartmental bundings

k) Micro-catchments

l) Diversion of water to land areas

m) Digging tube wells

n) Canals

o) Levelling of field

p) Installation of pump sets

q) Terrace farming

r) Distributing pits

s) Equipments and drip/sprinklers

t) Community cells

u) Lift irrigation

LAND DEVELOPMENT/IM-

PROVEMENT :

Mizoram sorkar Agriculture Depar-

tment hmalaknain ram hman tlak tura

siamthatna hna beihpui thlak vek a ni a.

Land Development/Improvement Project

hnuaiah hian leilet tharte pawh siam belh

a ni. Cooperative lamah pawh Land devel-

opment leh Land Improvement Project tih

chak nan Land Development Banks siam

theih a ni a. He Land Development Bank

te hian long term, kum 15-30 Agriculture

loan te a pe thei a ni. State tam zawkah

chuan heng Land Development Bank te hi

tangkai taka hman a ni mek a, India rama

Agriculture hmasawnna sul sutu leh a ki

pawimawh tak an ni. State Level Coope-

rative Land Development Bank, state level

ah a awm thei a. District level Cooperative

Land Development District level ah, Prim-

ary Cooperative Land Development Bank

Primary level ah. Heng Land Development

Banks te hi siam theih vek an ni a.

Agriculture tih hmasawnna atana thil

tangkai tak a ni thei a ni.

FARMER SERVICE SOCIETY

National Commission on Agricultu-

re Fourth Interim Report (1971) tarlan

angin Agriculture lama hnathawk ten har-

satna hrang hrang an tawh mek zel

avangin leh an mamawhte duhthusam a

an hmuh theih loh avangin Farmer Ser-

vice Society (FSS) hi 1972-ah din tan a ni.

He Commission in routine a siam angin

Farmers Service Society te chu Block Lev-

el ang leh District level anga function tur

an ni a, heng FSS-te hi Registered Society

niin Bye-law te pawh fel tak nei an ni.

FSS-in a thil tum ber chu short term loan,

medium term loan leh long term loan te

Agriculture tihhmasawnna atana pekte an

ni deuh ber a. Tin, thil thar chhuah za-

wrhna (marketing of agriculture produce)

lamah pawh pawimawhna lian tak a nei

bawk. Uttar Pradesh, Assam, Karnataka

leh Bihar ah te hian FSS an tam ber a,

India ram pumah 2517 ah 2062 an nei a

ni. June, 1985-ah India ram pum FSS-ah

hian 5.8 million an awm a. 21.5% chu

SC/ST atangin a ni.

MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE,

AGRICULTURE & COOPERATION :

Central sorkar-ah chuan Agricul-

ture leh Cooperation hi Ministry khat an

intawm a ni. Chumi awmzia chu Ministry

of Agriculture hnuaiah Agriculture Depar-

tment leh Cooperation Department an

awm tihna a ni a. He Ministry of Agricul-

ture, Co-operation Department atang hian

Weaker Section-te tan tanpuina te, loan te

a awm reng thin a, tin, society tha te tan

scheme hrang hrang siam thar a tum

bawk a ni. Tin, Rural Development kan

tih, state sorkar department hrang diai a

awm pawh hi, Central sorkar lamah chuan

Ministry of Agriculture hnuaia mi tho te

an lo ni leh a. Agriculture, Rural Develop-

ment leh Cooperation hi Central Sorkar ah

chuan hotu thuhmun nei kan ni a tih theih

a nih chu.

Cooperative Society te hi State Sub-

ject an ni a, India Danpui (Constitution)

ah pawh Directive Principles of State Po-

licy ah hian a kalpui dan tur a chuang vek

a, state sorkar kutah a awm a ni. Heng

Rural Development, Agriculture leh Depa-

rtment dang dangte hmalakna tichak tur

hian Cooperative Society te hi hmanraw

tha ber an ni a. State Development a kal

chak ber theihna hmun chu Cooperative

Society te hi an ni. Rural poverty kan tih

“Retheihna” um bo chungchangah pawh

Cooperative Society te hi an tangkai hle a.

State sorkar hian ruahmanna a siam a,

chu ruahmanna a siam chu bawhzui bawk

se. Tin, Cooperative Society-te hi hmanrua

atan hmang se, hun reilo teah Mizoram

chu ei leh bar ah intodelh ram a lo ni mai

dawn a ni. Chuvangin harh chhuak ila, ha-

wi zau ila, Central lama an tih ang bawkin

Mizoramah pawh Agriculture Department

te, Horticulture Department te leh Rural

Department-hote nen hian Cooperative

Department-te hi tang tlang ila. Mizoram

hi engtikawng mahin kan hnufual bik

lovang. Central lam atanga Leilet leh lo

neihna lama tanpuina awm theih dan

thatzia leh awm thuizia kan sawi tawh a.

Khang zawng zawngte kha Cooperative

Society through chauhva lakluh theih an

ni. Chuvangin -

“KAN LEILETTE HLAWK ZAWKA CHHA-

WR AN NIH THEIH NAN CO-OPERATIVE

SOCIETY I DIN ANG U”

Ka lawm e.

NGAIHTUAH ZUI ATAN :

1. Mizote ei leh bar a kan intodelh thuai

theih nan state dang atanga kan thar theih

ve reng thlai etc. lokal thin hi dan tlat a

tha em?

2. Ram leh hnam humhalh nan Coope-

rative Society hi hmanraw tha berte zing

a mi a ni. Engtinnge kan hman ang?

3. Central-ah chuan Agriculture te, Horti-

culture te, Cooperation te leh Rural Deve-

lopment te hi Ministry khat hnuaiah an

awm thin a, Mizoramah hian tha taka kan

thawh tlan theih nan Coordination Com-

mittee siam a tha em?

4. Kolasib District-ah ringawt hian thlai

chi leh phun chi entirnan - Balhla tiak,

kuhva tiak. Hatkora kawlawm etc. leh Buh

chi, Bekang chi te Rs. 187,26,560/- man

etc. aia tam daih sem chhuah a ni a. Heng

supply tur hian kan agriculture behchhan

Cooperative Society hote hmang hian tan

tlan theih dan kawng zawn ve a tha em.?

Note : He article hi Kolasib District level-a

ei leh bar intodelhna tur atana Seminar

neih a mi a ni.

TUNLAI FINNA LEH THIAMNA HMANGA LEILET ENKAWL HI

EIZAWNNA TLING A NI

C.Lalthlamuana

SMS (PP), Kolasib.

Sawrkarin kan hman mai theih tura

Agriculture thiam thil leh hmanrua chi

hrang hrang (Irrigation, Tractors, Fertili-

zers, Pesticides etc.) a ngaihtuahna a rei

viau tawh nain, vawiin thleng hian tih

takzeta kan leilet eizawn nana hmang kan

la awm meuh lo hi a pawi takzet a ni.

Leilet atang hian sum tam tak lak-

luh theih a nih dan hi kan hre tawk lo

pawh a ni ang e. Vawi khat buh chin mai

leh hmun remchang laia tlem azawng thl-

asik thlai chin ngawtin lo neitu tam zawk

chu kan pawl tla mai thin a. Hetiang a nih

chuan, kum khat chhungin loneitu’n a tha

sen leh sum sen paih vekin ram 1 Ha. a za-

u ah Rs. 11,760/- vel ang chauh hlawkna a

tel tihna nih chu. Hna dang (income) nei

lo tan phei chuan a tlem takzet a ni. Hei hi

leilet nei mi tam zawk thlen chin a nih

avangin thangtharten leilet hlutna kan

hrethiam tawk lo pawh hi a awm viau

reng a ni.

Leilet hi eng anga enkawlin nge a h-

lawk ang? Kan zir chian a pawimawh tak-

zet a ni. Kan leilet hlawk taka ruahman t-

ur chuan tunlai finna leh thiamna hmang

a kan luhchilh a ngai. Ramdang entirnan :

India ram State changkang ber berte zing-

a mi Punjab khu lo thlir bing ta ila, India

indan tirh, kum 1947 lai vel kha chuan

State rethei ve te an la ni a. An hruaitu

hmasa ten nasa taka tan lain, Communica-

tion, Irrigation leh Power lamah hma an la

nain hmasawnna tam tak bul tan nan

hmang mahse, ei leh bar lamah thui tak an

thleng mai lo. Agriculture lama hma an sa-

wnna tak tak chu kum 1962-a University

an din atang chauh khan, a hmasawnna

ngelnghet rahbi an rap tan chauh a ni. An

ram Scientist leh zirlaiten an ram leilung

leh sik leh sa mila tih tak zeta research an

beihna rahbi atangin Agriculture-ah an lo

lar chhuak tan a. Kum 1967-ah phei chuan

Green Revolution rahbi hial an lo thleng

thei a ni.

Mizoramah erawh chuan mi mawl

zawk (hnamdang) enkawl turin kan

leilette kan dah hlauh thung. Agriculture

Science hi Science thang chak tak a nih

avangin thiamna nei leh mi hawi zaute tan

chauh lo phei chuan kan ram leilung

hausakna haichhuak turin a nih phung

hriatthiam a har hle.

Tunlai hian sawrkar hna hmuh a

har hle a. Agriculture Business kan hriat

chian zawk nan Department-in Trial &

Research, kan ram leilung mila hma a lak

tawhna thenkhatte tarlang ila :-

CROPPING PATTERN :

Crop Season kumkhat chhunga ruahmanna :

1. June - August Sept. - Dec. Jan. - May

Paddy (IR - 64) Garlic/Onion Bean

40.85qt/Ha. 28.4qt/Ha. 75.80qt. Ha

@Rs.6/Kg = 24510/- @Rs.30/Kg = 85,200/- @Rs.4/Kg = 30,000/-

Gross income/year = Rs. 1,39,710

(-) 30% Expenditure = Rs. - 41,913

Net return = Rs. 97,797/yr.

Net return/Month = Rs. 8,149.75/

(Rupees eight thousand one hundred forty nine) only.

2. May - August 15th Aug. - Dec. Dec. - April

Paddy (IR - 64) Paddy (Batsaborg) Maize

40.85qt/Ha. 17qt/Ha.

@Rs. 6/Kg = 24510/- @Rs. 19/Kg = 17,000/- 9000 (Greencobs)

@Rs.2/cob = 18,000/-

Gross Return = Rs. 55,556/-

-30% Expenditure = Rs. - 16,666/-

Net return/year = Rs. 38,889/-

Net Return/month = Rs. 3,240/-

(Rupees three thousand two hundred and forty) only.

3. Unpland rainfed :

May - August Oct. - March. Jan. - April.

Paddy 25qt/Ha. Garlic Maize (1/3 Area)

@Rs.6/Kg = 15,000/- Rs. 85,200 Rs. 6,000

Gross income = Rs. 1,06,200/-

-30%Expenditure = Rs. 31,860/-

Net Return/year = Rs. 74,340/-

Net return/month = Rs. 6,195/-

(Rupees six thousand one hundred and ninety five) only.

Hei hi uluk zawka zir chhoh mek a ni a, tha zawk leh hlawk zawka leilet enkawl dan

hi kan zawng mek zel a ni.

A chunga lo neihdan phung tarlan atang hian, kum khat Cropping season chhungin

tum thum emaw, thlai chin dan azirin tumli lai pawh thlai a chin hman a ni.

A hlawkna, tha leh sum senso paih vekin lo, 1 Ha. leka zauah, thla tin lo neituin Rs.

3000 - 8000/- dawn lai a tel thei dawn a nih chu. Tunah hian kan leilet pass neih dan

tlangpui hi 15 Bighas a ni tlangpui a, nimahse a aia zau kan neih dan a ni mah zawk.

Chutiang a nih chuan mi pakhatin thlatin Rs. 7,500 - 20,000/- lai a hmuh theih dawn a ni.

Ram a zauh poh leh per unit area senso a tlem tial tial a, ram zau zawk nei tan a hlawk

lehzual. Sawrkar hnathawkte an awhawm bik lohzia hei hian a tarlang chiang hle a ni.

Entir nan SDO (Engg) ten kum khatah Rs. 82,560/- vel hlawh ang nise, loneitu erawh

chuan chu aia tam mah a la lut thei dawn a ni.

LEILET ENKAWL CHUNGCHANGA HRIATTUR PAWIMAWH ZUALTE

TARLANG ILA :

1. KHAWL : Tractor neih theih nise a duhawm hle ang. Ram 24 Ha. nei tan Tractor

pakhat tawk viau. Tractor kan nei thei lo a nih pawhin Power Tiller a tha tawk.

2. THLAI CHI THA : Buh leh bal thar tam tur chuan Variety thlan thiam a pawimawh.

3. THLAI CHAW : Thlai chi tha apiangin chaw a mamawh tam. Chuvangin fertilizer

leh leitha hman dan thiam a tul hle.

4. Eichhetu natna hrik leh rannungte veng turin hmangchang hriat a tul zual. Tin,

thlai Variety thar hlawk te natna leh rannung lakah ven ngun a ngai zual.

5. Hlawk taka thar turin tui hman thiam a ngai. Kan thlaiten tui duh mamawh zual lai

an nei, hriat tum tur a ni.

Ei leh bar intodelh nana Kolasib District-a leilet neih

dan phung zirna

Pu Lalthanzuala, SDAO,

Bilkhawthlir

Kan pi leh pu atanga tlangram

nuam ti, chhem dam thli leh Zotuithianga

chawm len zofate kan ni a. Thlang an lo

tlak lai pawh khan kan pi leh puten

kawlphaite thlang lovin kan zotlang ram

hi an rawn chuan a, a thlang lawkah phai

zawl tha tak a awm tih pawh an hre ngei

ang tih a rinawm. Mahse, hei hian an lung

a dum tlat a ni. Mi lu la leh indova inrun

thin, tlang chhipa awm hi an himna atan

a tulin an mamawh tih hi chu thu

hnuhnung a ni. He zia hi tun thlengin

nghet takin kan la pu a, phaizawl hi nuam

kan ti tak tak thei lo niin a lang. Manipur

leh Kawlphai atangin kan unau ten he

Zoram nuam hi ngaiin an lo haw khawm

mek bawk a ni.

Tlangram chu nuam tiin thlahlel

mah ila, kan phaizawl neih hlutzia hi kum

50 kum 60 vel kal ta atang khan kan lo

hre daih tawh a, Kan duh lo va, kan

kalsan tawh kawlphai leh Manipur

(Tuithapui) phei lamah te leilet zawngin

an lo pem chhuak leh tawh a. Zoram

hmun hrang hrang atangin Chemphai

ruam leh tuna Kolasib District chhunga

kan phaizawl te leileta sual turin Sai leh

Sakei te, Thosi bupuite an lo tawn darh

tawh a ni. Chung chu tuna kan District leh

Sub-Division ten kan chhuan em em

phaizawl leilet hmunpui hi a ni.

Kolasib District a phaizawl awm

zawng zawng zau zawng chu 5721 Ha a

ni a, tah hian Bilkhawthlir Sub-

Divisionah 2144.45 a awm a; Zawlnuam

Sub-Division ah 1301.5 Ha, Kolasib-ah

845.0 Ha, a awm. A vaia Kolasib District a

leilet developed tawh emaw, buh chinna

zauzawng chu 3214.79 Ha. a ni a,

Bilkhawthlir Sub-Div, ah 1461.68 Ha a ni;

Zawlnuam Sub-Div, ah 556 Ha. Kolasib-

ah 4190 Ha. Heta tanga Kharif buh thar

theih zat a chhut chu Bilkhawthlir Sub-

Division ah 55543.84 qtls., Zawlnuam-ah

19,460 qtls., Kolasib ah 14,665.0 qtls.

Chutichuan Kolasib District pumpuia

Kharif (Fur) chauhva buh thar thei chu

1,15,732.44 qtls. a ni. Leileta siam theih

tuna la siam loh hi siam vek phei ila kan

thar tam ngawt ang. Chu mai a ni lo, Tai a

chin theih a, kan chin leh thar zat kan

chhut nghal lo zawk a. Hei bakah buh

thar hlawk (HYV), tui si te hi ching ila,

Mizoram tan Kolasib district hi kan va

hluin kan va pawimawh dawn em, Buh ni

lo, thlai dang chin tha zawk a kan hriat

leh han ching leh nghal ila. Mahse hetia

hisap ang hi chu kan ni lo. Kan leilet neih

dan phung a fuh tawk loh avangin.

LEILET NEIH LEH LEH ENKAWL

DAN TLANGPUI

Tunlai kan leilet neih dan tlangpui

chu hetiang hian sawi ta ila :

1) Vai kan enkawl tir. Kum rei tak a ni

tawh hlawm.

2) Buhpui atangin hauh zat kan nei a, kan

la thin.

3) Kan lovah engzat nge thar kan hre tak

tak lo.

4) Kan buh lak hi a thar atanga engzat

nge tih leh vai, a enkawltu ten engzat nge

an chan chiah kan hre lo.

5) Kan lova thar tho Tai atangin hauh kan

nei lo a ni ber.

6) Kan lo enkawltu vaite hi kan control

thei lo tlangpui a, chuvang chuan kan buh

duh zawng emaw kan thlai duhzawng

kan chin tir thei lo.

7) Tai ang deuhin, thlai dang pawh an

ching thin, mahse kan thik lova, hauh kan

nei ngai lo.

8) Kan leilet vaiin an enkawl dan hi kan

ning thawkhat, tihdanglam erawh kan

tum lem lo; sawrkar tihdanglam theih tur

nia ngaiin chhan ngaiah kan inngai

tlangpui.

9) Sawrkar atanga development, irri-

gation, Land development a free a thlai

chi leh input dang dawn pawhin kan buh

thar hauh zat kan tipung chuang lo.

10) Mahni chuan leilet hna thawh kan

tum tawh lo hrim hrim.

11) Leilet enkawltuten bial tlang an sawn

ngai lova, hlo pawh an thlo vak lo.

12) Tractor leh Power Tiller neihte hi Vai

thlakna tura ngai deuh vek kan ni. Sawi

tam leh sawi sei vak ngai lovin a fel lohna

leh siam that ngai laite chu kan hai lo

theuh.

THLIR DAN LEH RUAHMANNA

Ka sawi tak ang khan leilet

neituten kan leilet vaiin an enkawl dan hi

kan ning ve tawhin tihdanglam pawh kan

chak tawhte pawhin a lang a. Tihdanglam

tum phei chu kan la awm lem lo. Hei hian

kan ning tak tak lote pawh a ti-ang thei.

Chuvangin kan leilet neihdan phung

tidanglam turin hetiang hian ruahmanna

siam ta ila.

1. LEILET NEITUTE TUMNA :

A neitute ngeiin an tum hma chu

kan leilet neihdan phung hi kan thlak

lovang. Vaiin min enkawl sak lovang tih

kan hlau hi a dik a, vai dang, min

enkawlsak chak, kan leilet enkawl hi a

vanneihthlak a ni tih hria, leilet enkawl

thiam tho, tam tak an awm tih hriat ngam

a tha a. Thlak tum rilru put a, khawkhata

mi emaw, zau khat ami emaw sawm telin

intiam ruala bul tantu nih a ngai. Tunge

hmahruai ang le?

2. INCHHAWR DAN TIHDANGLAM :

A tira kan sawi tak angin tlang

thengthaw ngaina, hmun hulhara khaw-

sak nuamti chi kan ni a. Leileta indai

berha leilet hna thawh kan peih rei lo.

Tlangram lo nei chi, huan thlai, thei leh

kuhvate enkawl chi kan ni. Chuvangin vai

hi kan chhawr zui zel a ngai ang. Mahse

kan chhawr ang a, an thawh hlawh kan

pe tur a ni. Leilet atan kan chhawr anga

an thawh hlawh kan pe ang, Buh phunah

kan chhawr anga, an thawh hlawh kan pe

leh ang, chutiang zelin Labour-ah kan

hmang tawh ang. Tuna kan chhawr ang

ni lo hian. Tuna kan chhawr danah hian

tumah dem tur an awm lo. Zoram hmun

dangah pawh hnam dang leilet enkawltu,

kan tih ang ni lovin an chhawr mek.

3. KHAWL HMAN :

Khawl hman hi a tha, a chaka, a

hna a tha bawk. A theih chin chinah kan

hmang tur a ni. Vai thlakna atana ngaih

leh khawl neih huna leilet enkawl dan

phung tidanglam tura inngaih hi a

hmanhmawh loh thlak khawp mai. Khawl

tih chi a awm a, Khawl tih theih loh chi a

awm. Tih theih tur pawh nise kan hmang

mai lovang. Entirnan buh phun leh hlo

thlawh a seng thlengin.

Bilkhawthlirah Tractor 6 a awm a

Leilet hnathawh nana hman chu 1 chiah a

ni. Power Tiller chu thildang a hman chi

vak a nih loh avangin a awm chhun 2 chu

farm operation atana hman a ni. Chutiang

bawkin Vairengteah 4 a awm a, farm

operation atana an hman chu 1 a ni.

Phaisen leh Buhchang ah pawh Tractor 1

ve ve a awm a, farm operation hman a ni

lo. Hei hian Tractor te pawh hi neih belh

ila, operator (Driver) te Mizo tho an nih

chuan kan tuipui rei tak tak a ngem tih hi

min ngaihtuahtir nasa. Mechanisation

kan sawimawi lai leh vai thlakna atana

kan beisei lai mek hian.

4. HMASAWN ZELNA KAWNG A DAL :

Hmasawnna kawng kan zawng tak

tak dawn a nih chuan kan District tan leh

Sub-Division tante, Cropping Pattern leh

Cropping System tharte kan duang tur a

ni a. Market thlirin thlai chin tur leh thlai

rau rauah pawh a thar hlawk, a tui chi,

rannung leh natna laka fihlim,

khawlum/khawvawt ngam, kan area mil

tur dapchhuah tur a ni a, Chung

ngaihtuah buai chu a sawt hrih lem lo,

kan in her danglam hma chu.

5. MARKETING SYSTEM THA :

Agriculture a hmasawn tak tak kan

tuma tan kan lak dawn chuan marketing

system tha, kan thlai tharte man man

zawka rang taka deh ral theih a tul. Chu

chuan hma a hruai pawh a ngai. Duhthu

sam chiah lo mahse, kan Kuhva leh

Hatkora market-te a that deuh avanga

kan phurpui dante pawh hi entirna

pakhat a ni.

Marketing System tha nei turin

sawrkar a chet a tul a, sawrkar

Department emaw Cooperative Society/

Corps nung tha takin a buaipui a tul.

Infrastructure tha, Kudam, motor leh

thildangte hi thil pawimawh a ni. Chuti a

nih loh chuan a hralhna emaw a

thehthang danah kan buai tho vang. Tuna

sawhthing, sangha leh thildang kan

buaipui ang hian.

Agriculture Marketing hi a dang a,

Industrial Produce Market ang a ni lo.

Trade & Commerce Dept. leh MAMCO-te

pawh kan nei. Chet tak tak a har. Society-

te pawh din ila. Agriculture leh a

marketing a kan chian loh chuan kan

thleng sang lovang. Engnge kan buaipui

tur a chu, engzat nge kan chin, engzat nge

thar, tute nge lei duh, khawi hmunah nge,

tihte hi marketing season thlen hmaa lo

survey lawka hriatsa a ngai. Hei hi thlai

zawng zawng tan a ni.

Tuna kan neih danah hian chung chu

kan hre thei lo. Engzat nge thar ang a,

engzat nge marketable surplus ni dawn

tihte hi kan leilet neih dan phung siksawi

fel hmasak phawta hriat chi a ni. Buh

chauh a ni lo, tuna State pawna kan buh

thar chhuak nasa leh leilet neituten vai

hnena an hralh thin hi kan ngaimawh a

nih chuan leilet neih dan phung tih-

danglam a, marketing tha a thawi

danglam chi a ni.

TLANGKAWMNA : A tawpna atan chuan

ei leh bar a kan intodelh nan emaw

Zoramin hma kan sawnna turin keini

Kolasib District hian kan leilet enkawl

dan hi kan tih danglama. Marketing

system tha kan neih a tul. Rilru tak takin

Zoram tana tan la tan turin ka sawm a

che u.

AGRICULTURE DEPARTMENT BULTUMA BANGALORE, KARNATAKA

ZIN CHANCHIN

Pu K. Ronghilhlova,

President, AMFU

Bilkhawthlir.

Kei atana sawi nin theih loh tur ka

fan ram, foreign leh New York pawh ni

lem chuang hauh lo tur. Pu B. Ramnunsa-

nga, A.E.O. hova kan zinna Bangalore cha-

nchin hi tlem tal kan tarlang ve teh ang.

Dt. 23.9.2001, zing dar 10:30-ah

Aizawl chhuahsanin tluang taka ni hnih

aia rei mah kan kal vang vang hnuah Dt.

25.9.01 zan dar 8-ah Bangalore kan

thleng thla ta rawih a, mumang te pawh a

ang rum rumin ka hria. Kei, Bilkhawthlir

pa, leileta kawla ni chhuak chhiara feh

thin tan chuan, kan zinna kawng tluana ka

thil hmuh te chu hmuhnawm tak vek an

ni. Bangalore kan thleng chu Karthik

Palace-ah kan innghat a, tui taka zan kan

mut hnuah kan kal chhan angin Horti-

culture leh Agriculture hmun pawimawh

fang turin kan in puahchah nghal a. A

hmasa berin Bawngvulhna farm ropui tak

kum 1923 daiha din tawh chu kan en

hmasa ber a, a ropuiin, ran an duat dan

leh enkawl dan te chu entawn tlak hlein

ka hria. A tlangpuiin Bawngpui pakhat

hian nikhatah 45 litres vel a pechhuak

thei a, an bawngte chu Kg 300 te an ni

hlawm a ni.

Hemi zawhah hian Indo-America,

thlai leh pangpar chi hrang hrang kui

tiahna hmun kan tlawh a, he hmun zau

takah hian thlai chi hrang hrang leh

pangpar chi hrang hrang an kui tiak a,

enkawltu bik awmin tui te ngun takin an

pe a ni. Dt. 26.10.01 ah chuan Mysore

khawpui “A Land of Horticulture Excel-

lency” an tih mai panin kan tlan leh ta pur

pur mai a. He khawpui a Central Food

Technological Institute, hmeichhe pakhat

kaihhruaina hnuaia awm mek chu kan

tlawh a. Thlai an vawn that dante leh

hmun hrang hranga an thawn chhuah

dante han hmuh chuan Mizoram thlai

tharte hetianga tih ve theih hun a

nghahhlelh awm duh hle.

Tin, Vaimim herna hmun ropui tak

mai kan tlawh bawk a, he hmunah hian

nikhatah vaimim metric tonne tam tak an

her thin a, a khawl ringawt hi chhawng

nga a indawt a ni a, kan ram a awm ve

atan ka it hle. Tin, heng bakah hian

Mysore khawpuia khualzin te tlawh thin

lar zual Maharaja’s Palace, Jaganmohan

Palace leh Art Gallery te kan tlawh a,

chung kan thil tlawhte chu a ropuiin a

mawi tak zet hlawm a ni.

Kan tlawhte zinga sawi hmaih miah

loh tur chu Floriculture (Pangpar khawi-

na leh siamna hmun) hi a ni. He hmun hi

Agriculture Department pawhin sum hnar

tha taka a neih a ni a. He hmun mawi tak

hian khualzinte a hip em em a, entute

tlawhna ringawt atang pawh hian sum

tam tak an la lut thin. Ni bik Republic Day,

Independence Day-te hian Flower Show-

te pawh an nei thin a. Heng pangpar

chinna leh khawina hmun mawi tak tak hi

hawsan hrehawm khawpin mitthlaah an

cham. Heng pangpar mawi tak tak kan

thlir lai hian kan ram Mizoram, engkim

that duhna leh to theihna hmunah hian

hetiang hmun te hi nei ve ila a van

hmuhnawmin a va nuam dawn em ka ti

vawng vawng a ni.

Tlai lamah Brindavan (tuikhuah)

mawi tak mai awmna hmun kan tlawh a,

he tui khuahah hian Musical Fountain an

tih mai rawng chi hrang hranga tui chik

chhuak hmuh turte a awm a, Motor boat-

ah te chuangin thla te kan la a, kan hlim

tlang hle. He hmun hi nitin mi 30,000

velin an tlawh thin.

Hemi zawhah Bangalore-ah vek

kan kir leh a, Bangalore khawchhunga

Agriculture hmun pui chi hrang hrang,

Bekang chinna hmun te leh thlai chi hrang

hrang chinna hmunte kan tlawh kual leh

a. Leilung an sawngbawl dante leh thlai

that duh nana an thil pawlh dante kan en

a, an hna thawh danah ruahmanna fel tak

neiin mi tinin an thawh tur theuhte an

thawk a, kut hna thawka eizawngtute

pawh society dinin an thil tharte an hralh

bakah heng mithiam bik Department-a

thawkte chuan scientific cultivation of

Horticulture crops chungchangah a khat

tawkin training an pe reng bawk a ni.

Tin, Karnataka leh Tamil Nadu

State ten an in chuh Cauvery lui te kan

tlawh a, Tippu Sultan Summer Palace te

leh thil mak dang dai tak, khawvel sava

intawh khawmna hmunpui te kan en a,

mit a tlaiin beng a tlai hle. Heng kan thil

hmuh leh hriat atangte hian taimakna leh

thawhrimna bakah inrelbawlna tha a

pawimawh em em tih min hriatchhuahtir

a ni.

Heta zinte hi khaw hrang hrang,

Khumtung, New Saiha, Tlangkawn,

Champhai, Kawnpui, Darlawn, Lunglei,

Zemabawk, Bilkhawthlir leh Kolasib

atanga thlan khawm kan ni a, kan cham

chhung hian harsatna leh buaina engmah

tawk lovin tluang takin hun kan hmang

thei a, kan hruaitu Pu B. Ramnunsanga,

Sialsuk A.E.O. chungah kan lawm takzet a.

Kei, kum 70 chuang lam tawh, hetiang

hmun hla tak ropui leh mawi tak takte

tlawh theia min siamtu Pathian leh

Agriculture Department chungah ka lawm

em em a ni.

MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES FOR HIGHER

SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF MAIZE IN MIZORAM

Dr. K. Laxminarayana

ICAR Kolasib, Mizoram

Introduction :

Water is vital for plant develop-

ment and is involved in the growth and

development of plant directly or indirect-

ly. About 90% of the volume is occupied

by water in plant tissues. The estimation

of water requirement of crops is one of

the basic needs for crop planning. Water

requirement may be defined as the quan-

tity of water required by a crop in a given

period for its normal growth under field

conditions at a place. Water is needed

mainly to meet the demands of evapo-

transpiration and the metabolic activities

of the plant, both together known as

consumptive use. Since the utilization of

water in the metabolic activities of the

plant is negligible, loss of water through

evapo-transpiration is considered as con-

sumptive use. Water requirement also

includes application losses and water re-

quired for land preparation etc. Water

requirement is the demand and supply

which would be contributing from irri-

gation water, effective rainfall, soil profile

contribution including that from shallow

water table.

Physiography :

The physiography of Mizoram can

broadly be divided into hills and valleys.

Hills are further divided into three

categories based on elevation viz., a) High

hills (about 1300m msl); b) Medium hills

(500 to 1300 m msl) and c) Low hills

(<500 mm.)

The hills are situated in north

south direction parallel to each other with

valleys in between them. Valleys are

found in Tiau valley and Champhai in the

east and Champhai and Buhchangphai in

the north and along the rivers Serlui,

Teirei, Tuiphai etc. Dissected hills and

hillocks are dominantly found in most of

the western parts of the state. The area

under different sloping categories pre-

sented in Table 1 as :

Around 36% of total geographical

area is lying under a sloppiness of > 50%

and 13% area is lying under a moderate

slope of <25%. The classification indi-

cates that the topography is undulating

hilly terrain with a little extent of area

under lowlands.

Climate :

The average rainfall for the last 15

years in the state is 2376 mm which

occurs mostly during March-September

due to South West monsoons and North

East monsoons. The climate is favourable

for the growth of various number of

crops, with a maximum temperature of

20-33 and a minimum temperature of

11-25 (Table

POTENTIALITY OF WATER

RESOURCES

Rainfall : Rainfall is the major source of

water requirement for almost all the

crops. Most of the rainfall (65% total

rainfall) received in the months of May -

August. It was observed that highest

rainfall was received in the month of

August (about 20% of total rainfall). The

annual average rainfall in Mizoram varied

from 2500 - 3500 mm. The southern and

eastern parts of Mizoram receive highest

rainfall as compared to other regions. The

rainfall of North Eastern region corres-

ponds to 510 km3 water and Mizoram

occupies third place in the total rainfall

received , next to Arunachal Pradesh and

Meghalaya.

Annual water budget : Water budget of

the state is calculated as per the method

adopted by the Department of Agriculture

& Minor Irrigation, Government of Mizo-

ram as described below :

Annual average rainfall : = 2376mm

Interception losses @ 5% = 118.8mm

Balance = 2257.2mm

Actual evaporation = 1073.0mm

Balance = 1184.2mm

Ground water recharge (10%)= 118.4mm

Surface run off = 1065.8mm(22468 MCM)

Inland water resources : A large

number of lakes, streams and rivers are

found in this state. The rivers can broadly

be divided into two groups viz. rivers

flowing from South to North and rivers

flowing from North to South direction.

The major rivers/lakes flowing in this

state are Tuirial, Tuivawl, Tuivai, Tuirini,

Tuichang, Tlawng (Dhaleswari), Phai-

ruang, Chhimtuipui, Ngengpui, Kawrpui,

Tuisil, Tuipui, Tuikual, Tuisumpui, Tuithil,

Tuiphal. The water is available in these

sources all round the year, which can be

utilized for irrigation of crops in lean

season by lifting. Development of micro-

watersheds is being implemented to har-

vest the rainwater and subsequently

utilize the harvested water to enhance the

crop productivity in this state.

Development of irrigation facilities :

The construction of irrigation projects

was not taken up with priority until the

start of sixth Five year plan. The farmers

used to construct temporary diversions

and small earthen channels with their

collective effort to irrigate the fields. The

state government has constructed check

dams and minor irrigation projects on

small river basins at suitable locations for

efficient utilization of water to boost up to

crop production. According to 1999 -

2000 estimates, a total of 61 flow and 6

lift irrigation projects were constructed to

provide irrigation facilities to a command

area of 2919 ha. Around 38 projects were

under construction with an expected co-

mmand area of 1929 ha. for irrigation.

Not more than 10% of the annual run off

water has been economically utilized in

this region. Scarcity of storage structures,

unstable dam foundation, high sloppiness

of the hills, remoteness of the area, lack of

transportation facilities etc. limiting the

water conservation.

Ground water potential : Ground water

resources could not be economically tap-

ped because of undulating (rugged) hilly

terrains. The potentiality of ground water

resources is also not assessed properly.

Due to rocky substratum, tapping of

ground water by hand pumps at scattered

locations also not successful. Mizoram is

having a surface water potential of 31,291

mm3 to irritate an area of 80,000 ha.

through different minor irrigation pro-

jects.

Harvesting of rainwater : Inspite of an

average rainfall exceeding 2000mm, the

state is facing water scarcity. Acute water

shortages are often experienced in a large

number of villages and towns both for

drinking and agricultural purposes. This

paradox has existed and in becoming

more pronounced due to rapid population

growth rate with a change in their living

style which has resulted in higher con-

sumption and requirement of water.

Harvesting of rainwater from roof top is a

traditional practice in Mizoram, which

meet the water requirement during rainy

season. But this type of harvesting unable

to meet all the basic requirements be-

cause of smaller roof areas from which

the water is collected. Collection of run off

water at downside the hill slopes in small

reservoirs and diversion into channels for

irrigation purpose. Construction of check

dams and minor irrigation projects on

small river basins at suitable locations

and the harvested water can be efficiently

utilized for agricultural and horticultural

crops.

Water harvesting in drainage lines : In

mid and low hills, topography drainage

lines were constructed to carry the run off

water from the high hills through channel

flow. For construction of suitable water

harvesting structures, it is necessary to

consider the catchment characteristics,

climatic parameters, channel hydraulics,

user areas and demands by the people.

Incidentally, if such structures were made

in series in a particular drainage line, it

will lead to a perennial flow at the

extreme downstream.

Water tank scheme : This scheme

consists of construction of tanks having a

dimension of 2.0 m diameter and 2.0 m

depth to collect rainwater and spring

water. GI pipe network is also provided to

carry water to individual fields. An expen-

diture of Rs. 75 lakhs was incurred during

the VIII Five year plan for constructon of

water tanks at different locations of

Mizoram.

Pumpset scheme : The state Government

started a subsidized scheme for lifting

water through diesel pumps by providing

a subsidy up to 50%. The state Govern-

ment has also been provided pipe net

work on 50% subsidy. The pipe used for

lifting water had a size of 25 mm to 250

mm diameter depending on the area to be

pumped.

Sprinkler or drip irrigation scheme :

The State Government has also been

introduced sprinkler or drip irrigation

scheme on subsidized basis to provide the

irrigation facilities to the horticultural

and plantation crops. Introduction of drip

irrigation system can also create scope for

taking up cash crops, which have better

price and storage characteristics. The

water stored at the top of the hill can be

delivered into the system by pipe

network.

Terrace cultivation : Construction of

terraces along steep slopes can help in

restricting erosion and water runoff.

Small streams flowing nearby the terraces

can be diverted for irrigation to the crops.

Terrace cultivation also conserves the

water and make available to the crops.

Maize is extensively grown in the

jhum lands as a mono crop as well as

mixed crop with other cereals, millets,

vegetables etc.. which produces very low

crop yields. After slashing, burning of

forest cover and clearing of stubbles in

the months of February - March, sowing

of seeds will start in the month of April

with the onset of monsoon rains.

WATER MANAGEMENT FOR

SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION OF

MAIZE

Water management in context to

maize production can be defined as provi-

sion of optimum soil moisture condition

to realize a high yield. Water management

includes three components viz., 1) Con-

servation of soil moisture in situ, 2)

Irrigation, and 3) Drainage.

Thus, water management aims at

proper utilization of water, that may con-

served water in soil profile or irrigation

water, for optimum crop production. It

also includes removal of excess water

from the field to avoid water logging and

lack of aeration.

Maize is highly sensitive to water

stress and water logging. Submergence of

soil for 3-5 days during seedling to

flowering stages reduces the yield

considerably. Water requirement of the

crop is about 450 mm. Optimum deple-

tion of available moisture for scheduling

irrigation is 50% depletion of available

soil moisture from the soil surface (30-60

cm) on sandy loam to clay loam soils.

Irrigation requirement varies with the

type of soil and the season in which the

crop is grown. The critical stages for

water requirement are the early vegeta-

tive stage i.e. 20-40 days after sowing

(DAS), tasselling and silking stages (45-60

DAS). Maximum yield reduction was

recorded when moisture stress occurs at

tasselling (51%) and silking (48%)

followed by active vegetative stage (30%)

and milking stage (22%). Water stress at

seedling, knee-high or dough stage has

little effect. Irrigation scheduling at

IW/CPE ratio of 0.8 to 1.0 is recom-

mended for higher grain yield. In general,

irrigation of maize crop is not required in

NEH Region, but to realize more profit

and to facilitate double cropping, two

irrigations, one at pre-planting and the

other at post planting should be given. If

the crop has planted in early February, it

may require two post-planting irrigations.

Effect of mulching : The main effect of

mulching on soil moisture is to reduce

evaporation. In temperate regions, mul-

ches increase the soil temperature and

facilitate better crop growth. Mulching

not only conserves the soil moisture but

also reduces the weed growth, improves

the organic matter status and nutrient

availability. Locally available unwanted

plants can be used for mulching which is

very cheaper source.

Irrigation : The total irrigated area is

8000 ha which is very low as compared to

other North Eastern states. Only 12.3% of

net sown area in this state is having

irrigation potential. Optimum irrigation

practice for maximum plant growth will

maintain readily available moisture in the

surface soil as a means for facilitating

water uptake with minimum energy

expenditure and maximum availability of

essential nutrients from the soil. The

amount of irrigation water required

depends on soil moisture status and 50%

of the available soil moisture status.

Moisture stress during tasselling and

silking stage is more critical and cause a

drastic yield reduction. Initial seedling

stage and pre flowering are also critical

periods for irrigation. In general, 5 - 6 cm

depth of water is to be applied at each

irrigation. As the topography of the land

is undulating, irrigation could be given

through contour furrows, whereas on flat

land and terraces, irrigation could be

applied by furrow method. The crop

should not be over irrigated, otherwise it

would limit aeration and the crop may

suffer. The results of the experiments

(Table 3) indicated that provision of four

irrigations from pre-sowing to 45 DAS at

15 days interval significantly increased

the grain yields.

Table 3 : Effect of irrigation treatments on yield of maize

Treatment Grain yield No.of Irrigation water

(q ha-1) irrigations (cm)

T1 - Rainfed 10.77 Nil Nil

T2 - Pre plant Irrigation 15.36 1 7

T3 - T2 + one irrigation after 15 days 24.39 2 12

T4 – Ts + one irrigation after 15 days 27.35 3 12

T5 – T4 + one irrigation after 15 days 30.14 4 12

Drainage : The third important component of water management is drainage. The

purpose of drainage is to improve root environment of plants. For better crop growth the

soil moisture content should be near field capacity. Drainage includes the movement of

air into the soil as well as the removal of water. Maize is very sensitive to excess water

and hence it is advisable to plant on ridges in the field after establishment. Flooding/

waterlogging causes a rapid reduction in transpiration, reduces absorption of oxygen and

the plant nutrients with a corresponding increase in the CO2 content of the soil, reduced

microbial activity and a reduction in the volume of soil from which nutrients can be

obtained. The experimental results showed that submergence of the soil for 3-5 days

during seedling or tasselling stages reduced the yields considerably.

In conclusion, management of water by adopting scientific methods, mechani-

zation and implementing modern technologies in conservation minimizes the water

scarcity problem. Conservation of water also helps in practising 2 to 3 crops in a calendar

year for self-reliance in agricultural production, which accelerates the economic

development of this state. Provision of irrigation at critical periods i.e. at kneehigh,

tasselling and silking stages improves the yield significantly. Subsequently, provision of

drainage at seedling and tasselling stages enhances the maize yields.

Table 1 : Classification of geographical area according to sloppiness

S.No. Slope Geographical area Percent of total area

(%) (ha)

1. 0-5 28594.50 1.36

2. 5-10 30602.50 1.45

3. 10-15 55620.50 2.64

4. 15-25 149033.25 7.07

5. 25-35 304711.50 14.45

6. 35-50 587637.85 27.87

7. >50 754732.75 35.80

8. Ridges 113745.25 5.40

9. Dissected low hills 83400.00 3.96

Total 2108078.10 100.0

Table 2 : Weather parameters in Mizoram.

Year Temperature ( ) Rainfall

Minimum Maximum (mm)

1986 18.78 28.05 2408.0

1987 19.03 28.58 2550.2

1988 19.37 28.35 2304.4

1989 18.73 27.23 1932.4

1990 18.86 27.53 2339.3

1991 19.36 26.31 2999.3

1992 20.26 26.21 2307.1

1993 21.58 24.99 3094.1

1994 21.61 26.64 1762.5

1995 21.66 26.88 2021.5

1996 21.37 26.87 2005.8

1997 18.33 27.69 2478.5

1998 18.66 26.65 2037.2

1999 18.80 28.27 2303.8

2000 20.12 26.81 3088.3

Mean 19.77 27.14 2375.5

KEIMAHNI

A. PROMOTION :

Heng kan officer-te hi promotion pek an ni a, kan lawmpui hle.

Sl/No. Name and Designation Promotion Place of Posting

1. Pu K. Zirliana, S.M.S.(Agro) D.A.O. Saiha

D.A.O, Aizawl West Office.

2. Pu Zoramthanga, A.E.O. S.D.A.O. Lunglei

Directorate of Agriculture.

B. TRANSFER AND POSTING :

Sl.No. Name and Designation Place of Transfer and Posting

1. Pu P. Bhattacherjee - T.O, K.V.K, Hnahthial

Principal, I.T.C., Hnahthial. i/c Research & Development

Cell, Directorate of Agriculture,

Aizawl.

2. Pu C. Thansanga - Principal, I.T.C., Hnahthial (Soil

Joint Director (L.U.B.), Survey & Remote Sensing) hna

Directorate of Agriculture. a kawp ang.

3. Pu C. Lalzarliana, - Joint Director (LUB), Directorate

T.O, K.V.K, Hnahthial of Agriculture, Aizawl.

i/c Research & Development

Cell, Directorate of Agriculture,

Aizawl.

4. Pu C. Lalniliana, D.A.O, Aizawl - Agronomist, Directorate of Agri-

West District, Aizawl. culture, Aizawl.

5. Pu Zahlira Hrahsel - D.A.O., Aizawl West District,

D.A.O. Saiha, Chhimtuipui Dist. Aizawl.

6. Pu K.L. Buatsaiha - S.M.S.(P.P.), Kolasib.

A.S.C, Directorate of

Agriculture, Aizawl.

7. Pu C. Lalnithanga - A.S.C, Directorate of Agriculture.

i/c State Biological Control Aizawl.

Laboratory, Neihbawi.

8. Pu K. Thankima - Insecticides Analyst, Directorate

S.D.A.O, Serchhip. of Agriculture, Aizawl.

9. Pu R. Lalnunzira - S.D.A.O., Serchhip

S.D.A.O, Darlawn.

10. Pu R.K. Nithanga - S.D.A.O., Darlawn

A.S.S.O, Directorate

of Agriculture, Aizawl.

11. Pu R. Vanlallawma - D.A.O., Office, Kolasib.

A.E.O, Bilkhawthlir.

12. Lalhmingmuana - East Lungdar Circle.

A.E.O, Zawlnuam.

13. Pu Lalnunmawia - Extension Section, Directorate of

A.A.I, Kolasib. Agriculture, Aizawl.

14. Pu M.K. Purkayastha, A.A.I. - Chemphai Agriculture Farm.

S.D.A.O, Bilkhawthlir.

15. Pu C. Lalthantluanga, A.A.I, - S.D.A.O., Office, Bilkhawthlir.

D.A.O, Office, Kolasib.

16. Pu Kumar Pradhan - D.A.O., Office, Aizawl West District,

Driver, Directorate of Agriculture Aizawl.

17. Pu Lalengzama - D.A.O., Office, Aizawl East District,

Driver, Directorate of Agriculture. Aizawl.

18. Pu R. Laltanpuia - D.A.O., Office, Aizawl East District,

Driver, Lunglei. Aizawl.

19. Pu Lalmawia - D.A.O., Office, Lunglei.

Driver, Directorate of Agriculture.

20. Pu Lalfakzuala - D.A.O., Office, Aizawl East District,

Driver, D.A.E., Office, Lunglei. Aizawl.

* Pu C. Lalthlamuana, S.M.S.(P.P) DAO Office, Kolasib chuan Jabalpur – JNKVV,

Madhya Pradesh ah Ph.D (P.P.) a zir tan ve ta bawk.

C. SUNNA :

A hnuai a kan thawhpuite hian min boralsan a kan ui em em a an chhungte Pathian

in thlamuan zel se kan duhsak hle a ni.

1. Pu B.B. Limbu, Chainman, Directorate of Agriculture, Aizawl chuan Ni. 1st July,

2001 ah min boralsan.

2. Pu Jeff Media, A.A.I, D.A.O. Office, Saiha chuan Ni. 24th August, 2001 ah min

boralsan.

3. Pu Tlaolo, Peon, D.A.O. Office, Saiha chuan Ni. 6th September, 2001 ah min

boralsan.

D. PENSION :

Pu Rohmingliana, D.A.E, Lunglei chu 30th June, 2001 thleng a hna rinawm tak a

thawk zovin, Ni 1st July, 2001 atang khan pension in min chhuahsan ta.

E. EXCHANGE VISIT TOURS

Buh leh Bal thar chhuahna atan a lo/huan neih dan in hriatsak leh in zir tawnna

atan Mizoram State Agriculture Department leh Ministry of Agriculture & Cooperation,

Government of India tangkawp chuan a hnuaia tarlan ang hian thuang hnihin zinna

(Exchange Visit Tour) a buatsaih.

a. EXCHANGE VISIT (LONEITU TE TAN)

(a) Dt. 23.9.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Dt. 27.9.2001 ah Bangalore

(Karnataka State) an tlawh a. Dt. 6.10.2001 ah Aizawl an lo thleng leh ta.

(b) Dt. 1.10.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Hyderabad (Andra Pradesh State)

an pan a, Dt. 14.10.2001 ah Aizawl an lo thleng leh ta.

(c) Dt. 1.11.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Punjab State khawpui te an tlawh

kual hnuah, 12.11.2001 ah Aizawl lo thleng leh tur a ngaih an ni.

b. EXCHANGE VISIT (EXTENSION FUNCTIONARIES TAN)

(a) Dt. 8.10.2001 hian Aizawl chhuahsanin Trivandrum etc. Kerela State

an pan a, Dt. 20.10.2001 ah Aizawl an lo thleng leh ta.

(b) Dt. 24.10.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) an

thleng ang a, Dt. 5.11.2001 velah Aizawl an lo thleng leh ang.

(c) Dt. 30.10.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Hyderabad (Andra Pradesh

State) khawpui an tlawh ang a, Dt. 11.11.2001 velah Aizawl an lo let leh ang.

(d) Dt. 31.10.2001 a Aizawl chhuahsanin Coimbator, Chennai (Tamil

Nadu State) an tlawh ang a, Dt. 9.11.2001-ah Aizawl an lo let ang.

Loneitute tan tih ah hian Group khatah mi 15(farmers) Mizoram hmun hrang

hrang a mi tel tur a tih an ni a.

Extension Functionaries/Staff tinah hian Agriculture a Field Staff te Group khatah

mi 10 Mizoram hmun hrang hrang atang a thlan te tel tura tih an ni.

F. FAI LAWMMAN KAN DAWNG :

1) Kolasib District a Office fai inelna siam ah D.A.O. Office, Kolasib chu pakhat-

na a ni a; Office fai ber lawmman kan dawng, Ni 16.10.2001 khan D.A.O, Kolasib staff te

leh sawm bik te’n ruai nen an lawm a ni.

2) Lunglei District a Office fai inelna siamah D.A.E. Office, Lunglei pawh

pahnihna a ni a; Office fai lawmman pahnihna Certificate mawi tak kan dawng bawk.