AGN science with SPHEREx, and Synergy with Subaru

AGNsciencewithSPHEREx,andSynergywithSubaru

MinjinKim(KyungpookNationalUniversity)Woong-SeobJeong,YujinYang(KASI),KASISPHERExteam

Outline

• SPHERExspacemission

• ReverberationMappingprojectwith

SPHEREx(inconjunctionwithHSC)

OverviewofSPHEREx• Spectro-PHotometerfortheExtragalacticstructure,

ReionizationandicesExplorer

• MIDEXmissioninPhaseA(Finalselectionwillbemadesoon)

• Thefirstall-skyoptical/NIRspectralsurvey

• Widespectralcoverage:0.75-5um,R~40/150

• LedbyJPL(PI:JamieBock):7USinstitutes+KASI

• Scienceoperation:2022-2024(2yrsofsurvey)

Howitworks?LinearVariableFilter(LVF)

PlutofromNewHorizons

11deg

3.5deg

Wavelength

Band 1

λ = 0.75 – 1.11 µm λ/Δλ = 41

t1t2

t16

Band 2

λ = 1.11 – 1.64 µm λ/Δλ = 41

t17t18

t32

Band 3

λ = 1.64 – 2.42 µm λ/Δλ = 41

t33t34

t48

Band 6

λ = 4.45 – 5.01 µm λ/Δλ = 135

t33t34

t48

Band 4

λ = 2.42 – 3.68 µm λ/Δλ = 38

t1t2

t16

Band 5

λ = 3.68 – 4.45 µm λ/Δλ = 85

t17t18

t32

5 µm H2RG Arrays in Transmission

2.5 µm H2RG Arrays in Reflection

Howitworks?• 32✕3scanimages→fullspectrum(Imagingspectroscopy)

• Accurateredshiftmeasurements(with1.6umbump)

SurveystrategyAll-Sky Coverage for 2 years

Deep Surveys at Poles (~2x100deg2)

wholeskyin6months

surveybaselineis2yrs(2023-2024)

SurveyDepth•~19-20magforAll-Sky ~22magforDeep(Polarregion)

MainScienceTopics1.TheOriginoftheUniverse(largescalestructure)

2.TheOriginandHistoryofGalaxies(cosmicSFhistory)

3.TheOriginofWater(Ices)inPlanetarySystems

AGNsciencewithSPHEREx• CentralstructureofAGNs

-Optical/IRreverberationmapping

• AGNunification -DemographyofType2Quasars

• BH-hostcoevolution -SFRinAGNs

• Andmuchmore!!!(Synergieswithothersurveys;e.g.,

eRosita,LSST,EUCLID,WFIRSTetc.)

Optical/IRreverberationmapping

UV,opticalcontinuum

Broademissionline

IRcontinuumCourtesy:ClaudiaRicci

TimelagsamongUV(optical),broadlines,IR ->sizeofBLRandTORUS

RBLR Rtorus

Optical/IRreverberationmappingTimelagsamongUV(optical),broadlines,IR

->sizeofBLRandTORUS

Koshidaetal.2014

Torusreverberationmapping

Duetal.2018

BLRreverberationmapping

UniquenessofSPHEREx

i=17magz=0.3

OriginalspectrafromShangetal.2011

i=17magz=1.2

Simultaneousvariabilitymeasurementof (1)broademissionlines(H𝜶orPa𝜶) (2)IR/optcontinuum+IRcolor

Hαolux NIR

Hβ,Hαolux

opt.

NIR

mag(i)=17.0 redshift=0.3

1 2 3 4 5wavelength (um)

17.5

17.0

16.5

16.0

15.5

15.0

14.5

AB

mag

mag(i)=17.0 redshift=1.2

1 2 3 4 5wavelength (um)

17.5

17.0

16.5

16.0

15.5

15.0

AB

mag

• Requirementsforreverberationmapping

(1)multi-epochdata(variability)-datafromeachvisit

(2)relativelyhighS/Ndata

(3)missingdataset: LackofUV/opticalphotometryand(highR)spectroscopic

data

Poles>100epochs

-> Poles!

Optical/IRreverberationmapping

• BrightAGNshaverelativelylargertimelagscomparedtosurveybaseline(2yrs)

119 days

11.9 days

Koshidaetal.2014

mostluminous

lessluminous Giveon+1999

BLR

Torus

2yrsofbaselineistooshort?

1 yr

• Torecoverlargetimelags(>yrs)

• Synergywithground-basedtelescopessuchasSubaru. -WideFieldofView(HSC) -Optimaltoobtaindeepphotometricdata.(PFSisalsoidealtogetadditionalopticalspectroscopicdata.)

Pre-photometricopticaldata!

2020 2021 2022 2023 2024

HSC (opt)

SPHEREx (IR)

• ComplimentarytoSPHERExdeepregion(100deg2)

• Multi-epochobservationswith2weeks-1monthcadence:

~starting1-2yrbeforeSPHERExlaunching

• Foreachvisit,~1hrcanbeusedtocovertheentirefieldfora

singlefilter(gorr)->Intotal,36-100hrsfor3-4yrs(or6-12hrs/semester)

dependingonthesurveydesign.

• Intheend,wewillgetdeepopticaldataasaby-product

(usefultostudyhigh-zgalaxiesandobscuredAGNs).

HSCsurveyofNorthEclipticPole

Summary• SPHERExwillconductthefirstallskyspectralsurvey

withspectralcoverageof0.75-5um.• InconjunctionwithHSCsurveyofNEP,SPHERExwill

provideuniquedatasetforOpt/IRRMexperiments.• Thefinalselectionwillbemadesoon.Staytuned!

Thankyou!