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• International Labor Organization (ILO), Switzerland
• International Union Food Commercial Worker
(IUFCW), Switzerland.(IUFCW), Switzerland.
• Environment Protection Agency, USA.
• United State Drug Agriculture (USDA), USA.
ບອນອງ: ສະຖານບນຄນຄວResearch Institutes
• Member of International Union Food Commercial
Worker (IUFCW), Switzerland since 1984.
Local 203 San Francisco, California, USALocal 203 San Francisco, California, USA
• University of Berkley of California, USA
Food science and Technology
Outline1. What is Agent Orange? ຝນເຫອງແມນຫຽງ?2. How many people were exposed to Agent Orange? ມຄນຫາຍປານໃດຖກຝນເຫອງ?3. How did Agent Orange get it’ name? ຄາວາຝນເຫອງແມນມາຈາກໃສ?4. Why was Agent Orange used despite the dangers? ເປນຫຽງຝນເຫອງຈງເປນອນຕະລາຍຮາຍແຮງ?5. Where was Agent Orange sprayed? ຝນເຫອງໃດຊດ/ວານລງໃສແດ?6. What types of Agent Orange side effects have been experienced? ປະສບການຜນຄາງຄຽງຂອງ
ຝນເຫອງເປນແນວໃດ?7. The Fifteen Herbicides Used in Vietnam. ມຝນເຫອງ 15 ຊະນດໃຊໃນສງຄາມຫວຽດນາມ8. What is Dioxin ? ສານໄດອກຊນແມນຫຽງ?9. How is Dioxin worked? ສານໄດອກຊດອອກລດແນວໃດ?9. How is Dioxin worked? ສານໄດອກຊດອອກລດແນວໃດ?10. What did the recent Columbia University study find? ມະຫາວທະຍາໄລ Columbia ຄນພບຫຽງ?11. Why haven’t many Vietnam veterans received compensation for the deadly illnesses? ມນກຮບ
ເກາຫວຽດນາມຫາຍປານໃດທໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍຈາກການເຈບປວຍ ແລະເສຽຊວດ?12. What was the Agent Orange class action lawsuit settlement? ການຕສທາງຄະດຝນເຫອງໄດຕດ
ສນແນວໃດ?13. How many people received compensation under the settlement? ມຈກຄນໄດຮບການຊດເຊຍ?14. What can I do if I have suffered serious Agent Orange side effects? ຂອຍຈະເຮດແນວໃດ ເມອ
ຂອຍເຈບປວຍຍອນຖກຝນເຫອງ?15. US pledges aid for Agent Orange cleanup in Vietnam Saturday, February 10, 2007 ສະຫະລດ
• Agent Orange has affected up to 2.6 million Vietnam veterans. This figure does not include the children of Agent Orange exposed Vietnam veterans that has been observed to affect up to third generation children. An April 2003 study performed by Columbia University that sought to re-examine military records of the Vietnam War found that about 21 million gallons of herbicides were sprayed from 1961-1971, adding up to 1.84 million gallons. This figure was 10% greater than previously believed, and over gallons. This figure was 10% greater than previously believed, and over half of the herbicides sprayed were Agent Orange.
4- Why was Agent Orange used despite the dangers?ເປນຫຽງຝນເຫອງ ຈງເປນອນຕະລາຍ?
• There were laboratory studies in 1969 that identified Agent Orange exposure could lead to birth defects. After finding this, Agent Orange was removed but not until two years later. By then, Agent Orange was used to help destroy around 5 million acres of forest, many of which still remain unrestored to date. The 2.6 million Vietnam veterans had already endured exposure to the deadly herbicide that continues to greatly affect many
people today.people today.• ຈາກຜນຂອງການສກສາ ຂອງຫອງທດລອງ ໃນປ 1969 ໄດຊໃຫເຫນວາ ຜທໄດ
The Fifteen Herbicides Used in Vietnam• ຝນສມວງ PURPLE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5,-T used between 1962 and 1964.• ຝນສຂຽວ GREEN: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.• ຝນສບວ PINK: Contained 2,4,5-T and was used 1962-1964.• ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ ORANGE: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used between 1965 and 1970.• ຝນສຂາວ WHITE: A formulation of Picloram and 2,4,-D.• ຝນສຟາ BLUE: Contained cacodylic acid.• ຝນສສມ ຫ ຝນເຫ ອງ II ORANGE II: A formualtion of 2,4,-D and 2,4,5-T used in 1968 & 1969• (sometimes referred as "Super Orange")
DINOXOL: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,,5-T.(sometimes referred as "Super Orange")
• DINOXOL: A formulation of 2,4,-D and 2,4,,5-T.• Small quantities were tested in Vietnam between 1962 & 1964.• TRINOXOL: Contained 2,4,5-T. Small quantities tested in Vietnam 1962-1964.• BROMACIL: C9H13BrN2O2
• The Department of Veterans Affairs announced in 2003 that the link to chronic lymphocytic leukemia to Agent Orange exposed Vietnam veterans is so strong that benefits would automatically be given to any new diagnoses of it. There are as many as 1,000 new patients for chronic lymphocytic leukemia alone expected amongst Vietnam veterans.leukemia alone expected amongst Vietnam veterans.
• Le Ke Son, the official in charge of Vietnam's Agent Orange research program, thanked the US
for its contribution, although he estimated that another US$43 million is needed to pay for
dioxin damage in Vietnam.
• Le Ke Son ນກພະງານຮບຜດຊອບ ໂຄງການຄນຄວຜນກະທບຂອງຝນເຫອງຂອງຫຽວດນາມ, ໄດຂອບໃຈໃນການຊວຍເຫອຂອງສະຫະລດງບປະມານທງໝດ43 ລານດອນລາສະຫະລດ ແກປະເທດຫຽວດນາມເພອບລະນະຄວາມເສຽຫາຍຈາກສານ dioxin.
How to find Dioxin in Lao PDRປະຈບນສານ Dioxin ໃນບອນໃດແດໃນຜນແຜນດນ ໃນ
ສສປ ລາວ?ສະໃໝສງຄາມ During war • ສະຫະລດໃນຫວານຝນເຫອງສະໃໝສງຄາມ
4. Chemical Regulation Reporter, p 44, Bureau of National Affairs, US, 4 September 1993.
5. Produce Studies, Non agricultural use of pesticides in England and Wales, DoE, November 1996.
6. Pesticide usage survey report 119: Grassland and fodder crops in Great Britain 1993; and Pesticide usage
survey report 115: Orchards and fruit stores in Great Britain 1992, MAFF, 1994.
7. Pesticide usage survey report 100: Review of usage of pesticides in agriculture and horticulture 7. Pesticide usage survey report 100: Review of usage of pesticides in agriculture and horticulture
throughout Great Britain 1984-94, MAFF, 1997.
8. Op cit. 3.
9. International Programme on Chemical Safety, The WHO recommended classification of pesticide by
hazard and guidelines to classification 1996-97.
10. Extoxnet data sheet on 2,4-D, Pesticide Mange-ment Programme, Cornell University, US, 1994.
11. Shearer, Ruth W, Health effects of 2,4-D herbicide, in 2,4-D Information Packet, North West Coalition for
Alternatives to Pesticides, January 1990.
12. Evaluation on 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid salts and esters, MAFF, March 1993.