The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigat Agenda item 2: Summary of responses Presented by: Michel BORELY EUROCONTROL
Jan 19, 2016
The European Organisation for the Safety of Air Navigation
Agenda item 2: Summary of responses
Presented by: Michel BORELY EUROCONTROL
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Structure of this presentation
1. Presentation of the Guidelines V1.0
2. The consultation process
3. Way ahead
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Content of the Guidelines
• Guidelines recognise the importance of both wind energy and air transport industries.
• Both have challenging objectives. The aim of the guidelines is to accommodate both.
• Guidelines remind the reader that ANSPs are legally responsible for the safe and expeditious movement of air traffic in their designated airspace.
• Guidelines are a technical document and do not advise on financial or legal aspects.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Content of the Guidelines
• The Guidelines do not provide detailed operational guidance.
• The Guidelines are not mandatory.• The Guidelines are adaptable.• Guidelines are limited to ATC surveillance.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Structure of the Guidelines
• The 3 components of the guidelines:
1. A process.
2. An assessment methodology.
3. A set of mitigation options.• Promote the early and continuous discussion
between wind energy developer and ANSP.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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The process
Wind energy project
description
Engineering impact on
Surveillance?
Significant operational
impact?
Possible mitigations?
Yes
No
Project re-design
Yes
No
Legend
ANSP
Wind energy
No
Project not tolerable for Surveilance
Project tolerable for Surveillance
ANSP / Wind energy
Surveillance sensor
descriptions
Surveillance engineering modification
Operational modification
Yes
Operational description
Yes
Yes
Wind energy developer inputs
ANSP inputs
ANSP inputs
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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The Methodology
• V1.0 Retains the 4-zone approach with clarifications:• Zone 1: safeguarding area.• Zone 2:
• is not a no-go area.• But it requires a specific impact assessment –
the scope and detail of which are to be agreed.
• Zone 3: simple and generic impact assessment is possible.
• Zone 4: free area.• Zones 2, 3 and 4 are not annular bands.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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PSR Zones
Zone Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 Zone 4
Description 0 - 500 m500 m - 15 km
and in radar line of sight
Further than 15 km but within maximum
instrumented range and in radar line of
sight
Anywhere within maximum
instrumented range but not in radar line of sight or outside the maximum
instrumented range
Assessment Requirements
SafeguardingSpecific
assessmentSimple
assessmentNo assessment
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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SSR Zones
Zone Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 4
Description 0 - 500 m500 m - 16 km but within
maximum instrumented range and in radar line of sight
Further than 16 km or not in radar line of sight
Assessment Requirements
Safeguarding Specific assessment No assessment
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Radar line of sight
• Radar line of sight calculation:• The Guidelines do not recommend any tool.• The Guidelines do not list available tools.
• However, a list of tools will be made available on the EUROCONTROL website.
• The tool must be agreed between wind energy and ANSP:• Selected in accordance with the type of assessment,
the required level of resolution and local conditions.• Must be familiar to the ANSP.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation Options
• The Mitigation Options section has been improved:• More comprehensive listing,• Presentation improved.
• Mitigation options should be selected to:• Maintain air traffic safety.• Be cost-effective.• Result in a net saving in terms of CO2.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation options (Process)
• Apply the process described in the guidelines• Provide surveillance input information• Provide operational input information• Initiate discussion on new projects
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation options (PSR)
• Mitigations applicable to non cooperative surveillance (PSR):• Blank PSR transmission in an azimuth sector• Suppress PSR radar returns in range-azimuth sector• Improve PSR anti wind turbine clutter capabilities• Strengthen primary track initiation conditions• Adapt PSR overload prevention facilities• Upgrade PSR processing capabilities• Upgrade PSR output interface capabilities• In-fill PSR• In-fill MSPSR (when developed)
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation options (SSR)
• Mitigations applicable to cooperative surveillance (SSR):• Blank SSR transmission in an azimuth sector• In-fill SSR• In-fill WAM• In-fill ADS-B• Improve SSR anti-reflection capabilities
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation options (ATC Ops.)
• Mitigations applicable to ATC operations:• Move ATC route• Change airspace classification or apply Mandatory
Transponder Zone (MTZ)
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigation options (wind energy project cont.)
• Mitigations applicable to wind energy project:• Move wind turbine out of radar line of sight• Move wind turbine out of critical areas• Change wind farm layout• Reduce number of wind turbines in radar line of sight• Reduce wind turbine EM reflectivity
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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The consultation process
• Started 25th June 2009• Six-month period up to 29th January 2010• February-March 2010 processing of comments by
the Wind Turbine Task Force• Dedicated sub-group (10-11th February 2010)• Plenary WTTF meeting (25th February 2010)
• Informal consultation with EWEA on a new draft.• 29th April 2010 Presentation of the results of the
consultation process.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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The consultation feedback• 174 comments received from 12 organisations:
• Wind energy industry• EWEA - 24
• Radar industry• Thales Air Systems (Fr) - 29
• Consultant• TNO (NL) - 5• Navcom (Germany) - 17• Pager Power (UK) - 56 • EADS (Germany) - 1• KUL (Belgium) - 1
• ANSP/CAA• Belgocontrol - 10• Infratil (UK airports) - 10• AOA (UK airport association) - 10• UK CAA - 1• UK MoD - 10
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Results of comment processing
• Of the 174 comments:• 88 accepted or partially accepted (50.6%)• 66 noted (37.9%)• 20 rejected (11.5%)
• A detailed summary of responses will be published.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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The families of comments• 14 different categories of comments were identified:
1. Cosmetic2. Cumulative impact3. Document status4. Document 0155. Equations6. Financial aspects7. Line of sight8. Mitigations9. Operations10.Process11.Safety12.Specific assessment vs. detailed/complex13.Vocabulary14.Zone definition
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Cumulative impact
• Comment:• Wind energy projects are often windfarms rather
than single wind turbine projects.• Assessment is based on single wind turbine
assessment.
• Addition of explanations on how to assess cumulative impact of multiple wind turbines.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Document status
• Comment:• Guidelines are not a mandatory document
however they include « shall » statements.
• Explanation of the objectives of EUROCONTROL guidelines within the EUROCONTROL Regulatory and Advisory Framework (ERAF).
• Explanation of why « shall » may be included in non mandatory documents.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Document 015
• Comment:• Relationship with ICAO EUR Document 015 is
unclear.
• ERAF foresees that EUROCONTROL Guidelines may supplement/clarify ICAO regional document.
• Relationships with Doc 015 explicitly stated.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Document 015 (Cont.)
• Doc 015 is based on one surface (i.e. 2 zones)
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Document 015 (Cont.)
• If application is outside the BRA: no problem.• If application infringes the BRA: engineering
authority will conduct appropriate analysis based on theory, experience and existing conditions.
But
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Equations
• Comment:• Alternative equations were proposed.
• Simplification when possible.• Change of equation: rarely possible because the
work and the agreement of the WTTF was based on these equations.
• In the future, if new equations are proved to be more accurate they could be included.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Financial aspects
• Comment:• Clarify who should pay for mitigations
• These guidelines are a technical document and do not address financial aspects.
• Early discussions should help to minimise costs and to agree on the financial aspects.
• Cost/efficiency is one of the recommended criteria for mitigation selection.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Radar line of sight calculation (RLOS)
• Comment:• Which RLOS tool should be used?
• Difficult to maintain an accurate and exhaustive list of tools in a document (will be posted on the EUROCONTROL website).
• Tool should be agreed, tool should be familiar to the ANSP so that he knows its limitations and drawbacks.
• Tool selection and parameterisation should depend on the level of accuracy needed.
• Guidelines require ANSP to inform which RLOS tool is in use.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Mitigations
• Comment:• Are there priorities for the selection? Are there any
other possible mitigations? Can a PSR be replaced by SSR?
• No priorities, but selection criteria are now defined:
Maintain safety Cost/efficiency Net CO2 saving• Additional mitigations have been included.• SSR should not be assumed as a mitigation for PSR.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Operations
• Comment:• Focus the assessment on those areas where
there may be operational impact.
• Combined technical and operational assessment• Within the specific assessment, focus shall be put on
where the technical impact may lead to an operational issue.
• Iterative approach rather than a waterfall approach.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Operations
• Comment:• Provide criteria and methodology to support an
operational assessment.
• One size does not fits all.• Traffic configurations are different.• Operational environments are different.• …
• It is recognised as an area where the document could be developed further.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Process
• Comment:• Improved interface with Surveillance Service
Providers.
• Single Point Of Contact:• Generic email address recommended.• Be aware that multiple Surveillance Service Providers
may operate in the same country (e.g. civil and military).
• Process input information:• Requirements to provide the necessary information to
support the assessment process.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Safety
Comment: Aviation safety must not be affected.
• Safety is a paramount objective of the aviation industry.
• ANSP are legally responsible for the safe and expeditious movement of air traffic in their designated airspace.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Specific assessment vs. detailed/complex assessment
Comment:• Repeated reference to detailed or complex
assessment is discouraging and could establish go/no-go mentality.
• Specific assessment introduced:• Not based on generic criteria.• Scope and level of detail are to be agreed.• Not a no-go zone.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Zone definition
• Comment:• The structure and nature of the Zones could be
confusing.
• Zones are exclusive and are neither order of steps nor annular bands.
• Clarification of the zone limits (radar maximum range, radar line of sight).
• WTTF may agree new zone limits on the basis of new evidence or trial results.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Zone definition
• Examples are now included.
Zone 4
Zone 3
Zone 2 15 km
103 km
Visibility calculated at 320 m above radar ground level
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Way ahead
• WTTF will propose to continue under an updated mandate :• Maintain the guidelines taking into account
feedback, new studies and experiments,• Address other surveillance technologies (WAM,
ADS-B, …),• Wider representation:
• wind energy, radar manufacturers, etc.• Meeting once a year.
Sustainable Energy - Sustainable Surveillance Workshop - EUROCONTROL, Brussels, April 2010
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Michel BORELY
Secretary of the EUROCONTROL Wind Turbine Task Force
EUROCONTROL
Rue de la Fusée 96
B-1130 Bruxelles
Phone +32 (0)2 729 11 61
Fax +32 (0)2 729 90 86
www.eurocontrol.int/surveillance