Agenda: Homework: Assignment Sheet New Unit: Periodic Table as a Tool Introduction Electron Arrangement impacts PT’s Shape Metal vs. Non-metals (Properties) Element Groups
Feb 15, 2016
Agenda: Homework:Assignment Sheet
New Unit: Periodic Table as a Tool
Introduction Electron Arrangement impacts PT’s ShapeMetal vs. Non-metals (Properties)Element Groups
Element Song
• http://www.edu-cyberpg.com/IEC/elementsong.html
• Educational CyberPlayGround ®: K-12 Interdisciplinary Curriculum
Agenda –
• Warm-up: Element Song• Determining Electron Arrangement – PT• Periodic Trends
– Atomic Radius– Ionic Radius– Ionization Energy – Electronegativity
Homework:Complete the trendsInformation using text.pp.163-169
Warm -upG 1 G 2 G 16 G 17
V. e V. e V. e V. e
Li Be O F
Na Mg S Cl
K Ca Se Br
Rb Sr Te I
The Pattern is the Key • Put the following into a
pattern– 3 across – 4 down
• Bluebird, green hummingbird, red cardinal, pink flamingo
• Pink freight truck, Red pick-up truck, green Civic, Blue SUV
• Green cottage, Blue house, Red brick apartment building, Dilworth’s pink glass building
Periodic Table
Link between Electron Arrangement & Periodic Table
A Chemist’s Most Useful Tool
Periodic Table
• http://ed.ted.com/lessons/the-genius-of-mendeleev-s-periodic-table-lou-serico
• Also see Review & Dig Deeper on webpage
A chemist’s most useful tool• Why do you think the Periodic Table is
called the “chemist’s most useful tool”?
• Wouldn’t it be great if you could get most of your test answers from the Periodic Table!
• What information do you know how to get?• What information would you (or a scientist)
would like to get?
How can we use the Periodic Tableto understand the properties of elements?
Electron Arrangement impacts the shape of the Periodic Table
• Periods • Groups • Blocks
Unit 4: Periodic Table (student notes)
1. Periodic means: 2. Knowing the __________ __________ in
the Periodic Table, we can predict for an element:
- How easily it will react, - How it will form a compound, - The type of compound it will form, - The number of atoms of each element in a compound
Student notes
The elements in the Periodic Table are arranged across the table according to their_____________ ______________. It identifies the _______________.
A scientist who was important in the development of the Periodic Table is (was) _____________________
a. Elements are arranged in Periods (_____) according to the total number of _________ _________ for their electrons.
b. The Periodic Table can be divided into 4 blocks based on electron configurations for the elements. Groups Val electrons
Block SBlock PBlock DBlock F
Electron Arrangement impacts the shape of the Periodic Table.
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Valence e-
Electron dot
Periods
Representative elements are elements in groups 1 & 2; 13-18. These valence electrons are in the _____ and _____ & ________ sublevels.
S, P, D, F Blocks
Periods 18
Understanding of Metals vs. Non-metals
• Examples Metals Non-metals
• Properties– Physical
– Chemical
What do you already know? – Sort terms
Understanding metals vs. non-metalsvideo segment
Understanding Metals vs. Non-metalsPhysical Properties
• Black Study Guide – Metals: p. 47 – Non-metals: p. 50
• Sort terms for metals vs. non-metals
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Metals Metalloids Non-metalsBlend of Metal & Non-metalSemi-conductors
Physical& Chemical Properties
Element Groups
• Elements are arranged in groups (____________) according to the number of their ___________ _____________
• Definition:
• Elements in the same group have _________ __________ properties.
Groups: Similar chemical properties
• Video segment
Group Names: describe their properties
Groups important to know:
1 2 Groups 3 - 12 14,15,16,17,18
Hydrogen is unique!
Representative (main group) elements are:
Element Groups & Properties
Name
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth MetalsTransition metalsHalogens
Noble Gases
Ion Practice
• Ion Formation base on electron configuration– Metal or non-metal? – Compare atom & ion
• Electron configuration and Electron Dot Notation• Additional practice
– Using Lewis Diagrams
Representing Ions
• Ions are formed when the __________ electrons are lost or gained.
• Metals ________ valence electrons to form
_______ ions, called __________.Non-metals _______ valence electrons until
they have 8 and form _______ ions, called__________.
Comparing atoms & ionsElement Atomic
SymbolElectron Configuration
Circle valence electrons
Electron Dot Diagram
Ion Name Electron Configuration
Electron Dot Diagram
Ionic Symbol
Comparing atoms & ionsElement Atomic
SymbolElectron Configuration
Circle valence electrons
Electron Dot Diagram
Ion Name Electron Configuration
Electron Dot Diagram
Ionic Symbol
Atoms & IonsElement Atom
Lewis structure
Add or lose for 8 val. e-
Ion Lewis structure
Ion
Atoms & IonsElement Atom
Lewis structure
Add or lose for 8 val. e-
Ion Lewis structure
Ion
How do metal atoms lose electrons? Ionization energy
• Ground State, Excited State, Ionization energy
Lithium
How do non-metal atoms gain electrons? Electronegativity
• Large metal atom Small non-metal atom
Forming Compounds• They come together
to form a ______________ ______________ .
• Many formula units are held together to make an _______ compound.
Periodic Trend Animation
• http://faculty.ucc.edu/chemistry-pankuch/Amin.html
• Atomic size• Ionic size• Ionization • Electronegativity
• For later used: bond formation
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Trends for Ionization Energy & ElectronegativityArrows to show trends for metals & non-metals
Reactivity: trends for metals and non-metals
6. Octet Rule
Atoms tend to ______, ______, or _______electrons in order to have _____ valence
electrons._______ valence electrons gives stability.
Exception:
Duet rule:
7. Reactivity
Group 18 (called the _______________) are ____________ (also called ________ or _____________), because:
Group 1 (called ____________) are the most reactive metals because:
Group 17 (called ___________) are themost reactive nonmetals because:
1 18
2 13 14 15 16 17
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Trends for Ionization Energy & ElectronegativityArrows to show trends for metals & non-metals
Reactivity: trends for metals and non-metals
Predicting Properties of Elements- based on the position on the Periodic
Table : Size; IE; EN
Property: which element has the largest value?Ca vs. Br C vs. Sn F vs. I Si vs. ClNa vs. P Li vs. KBe vs. O S vs. ArAl vs. S Ne vs. KrB vs. Al B vs. Ne
Ions and Charges for Representative Elements