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Understanding WHO, WHY & HOW• In your groups, you will get an envelope filled
with descriptions of people and how and why the explored and where they went. It is your job, as a group to categorize these statements into..▫Why people wanted to explore▫How people were able to explore▫People who were set out to explore & their
accomplishments▫Other (something that doesn’t fit into the
other 3) •Once you have finished, answer the
questions on the sheet provided. /
Explorers…Just to name a few… •Christopher Columbus•Leif Erikson•Vasco De Gama•Henry the Navigator•Ferdinand Magellan•Vasco de Balboa
Background
•Who: ▫ Three major
groups: The Portuguese
and Spanish The English and
the Dutch The Russians Other Europeans
also involved
Portugal goes first!
•First European nation to make attempts at exploration ▫Why them?
•What was discovered from these expeditions?▫Spices!! ▫Gold!!
•Who made these expeditions…?
Portuguese Exploration• Prince Henry of Portugal (1394-1460)
▫ Promoted exploration of west African coast▫ Established fortified trading posts
• 1488 Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, enters Indian Ocean basin▫ Storms, restless crew force return
• Vasco de Gama reaches India by this route, 1497▫ By 1500, a trading post at Calicut
Here comes Spain…
•Hoping to find a direct route to Asia!•Sent conquistadors to conquer!
▫Hernan Cortes!▫Francisco Pizzaro!
•Created an empire!
Circumnavigation of the Globe• Vasco de Balboa finds Pacific
Ocean while searching for gold in Panama, 1513▫ Distance to Asia unknown
• Ferdinand Magellan (1480-1521) not supported by Portuguese, uses Spanish support to circumnavigate globe in 1519-1522
Christopher Columbus (1451-1506)
• Believed Earth was smaller▫Estimated Japan
approximately 2,500 miles west of Canaries (actually 10,000 miles)
• Fernando and Isabel of Spain underwrite voyage
• Discovers Bahamas, Cuba, Hispaniola (DR)
• SO…what were some effects of exploration??
Yummy
Without the Columbian Exchange…•Yummy?
Finally…The English, Dutch and French•England explored Northwest India
▫America – Jamestown, Virginia was founded!
▫Then more English colonies…•Dutch set up colonies in Asia and the
Americas•French were last…but colonized Canada
Slavery Begins
•Because of sugar cane plantations flourishing in the Caribbean and South America, more workers were needed!
•In 1518 the first wave of African slaves were brought to the Americas .
Leif Eirksson•Viking
▫Believed to have first discovered the Americas BEFORE Columbus (Around 900-1000 A.D.)