Age of Exploration 1450-1750
Feb 24, 2016
PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:Portugal was the first European country to
establish trading outposts in AFRICA.
The Portuguese believed to get to ASIA
by sea they would have to sail around the tip of Africa (CAPE of
GOOD HOPE)
PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:
1488 – Portuguese explorer BARTOLOMEU
DIAS was the first to sail around AFRICA but did not continue on to
Asia
PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:1498- Portuguese explorer VASCO DA GAMA rounded the Cape of Good Hope and reached INDIA
IMPACTS:All water trade route to AsiaPortugal built a trading empire
in the Indian OceanBroke up the MUSLIM - ITALIAN
domination in the Asian trade market
PORTUGAL LEADS THE WAY:
how:Portugal sold goods much
CHEAPER (about 1/5 the cost)As a result of Portugal’s
SUCCESS other European nations wanted to establish their own TRADING empires in ASIA
SPAIN:In Spain, MUSLIMS called Moors controlled the country from 700’S until the 1100’S
SPAIN:Christians tried to win back control and began the RECONQUISTA
RECONQUISTA - campaign to recapture Spain from the Muslims
By the 1400’s the Muslims were driven out of most of Spain – the only area they held onto was GRANADA
SPAIN:In 1492 the Muslims were defeated in Granada by the Christian army
Spain was united by the rule of King FERDINAND and Queen ISABELLA
SPAIN:They set up a rigid CATHOLIC society to increase their power
INQUISITION - this was a court held by the church under their rule
SPAIN:People whose RELIGIOUS beliefs differed from the teachings of the Church were labeled HERETICS - brutally torturedMost were JEWS & MUSLIMS
Later in 1492 all JEWS and MUSLIMS were expelled from Spain
SPAIN:With the help of the INQUISITION Spain was unified under Christianity
The success of PORTUGAL inspired Spain to try and gain a share of the WEALTHY spice trade in Asia
SPAIN:In Italian sailor Christopher Columbus convinced Spain to his plan of reaching Asia by sailing across the Atlantic Ocean
He set out in August with three ships:
NINA PINTA SANTA MARIA
1492FINANCE
WEST
SPAIN:Two months later, Columbus thought he had
reached the islands off the coast of (East
Indies) when in fact he landed in the ,
he mistakenly called the natives who greeted him
INDIACARIBBEAN
INDIANS
http://dase.laits.utexas.edu/media/not_even_past/mp3/100503688.mp3
SPAIN:Columbus made additional voyages and
claimed land for Spain
The Spanish intended to transform these lands into
: lands that are controlled by another
nationColumbus’ first trip opened the way for
and forever changed the world
THREE
COLONIES
COLONIES
COLONIZATION
SPAIN: CONFLICT WITH PORTUGALPortugal believed Columbus claimed lands for Spain
that they had previously visited; they too sent
explorers West:• 1500 Pedro Alvares Cabral – claimed • 1507 Amerigo Vespucci – realized land was NOT
Asia but a new • 1519 Ferdinand Magellan – sailed around South
America into the ; became the first to circumnavigate the world
TREATY OF TORDESILLAS – imaginary dividing line for claiming lands signed by Spain & Portugal
CONTINENT
BRAZIL
SAIL AROUNDPACIFIC
SPAIN IN AMERICA:Following Columbus – many Spaniards traveled to
the Americas
Why?
(gold) & spread (God)
These explorers were called
The Spanish were the European settlers in
the Americas – they established in
Mexico, South America, and the United States
FIRST
WEALTH CHRISTIANITYCONQUISTADORS
COLONIES
SPAIN IN AMERICA:EXAMPLES:
HERNANDO CORTES FRANCISCO PIZZARO
1521 – conquered AZTECS and conquered Mexico for Spain
1532 – conquered INCAS and captured city of Cuzco in 1533
SPAIN IN AMERICA:EXAMPLES:
Ponce De Leon Coronado
Florida Southwest U.S.“Fountain of Youth”
SPAIN IN AMERICA:A. Superior - armor, muskets,
cannons, horses
B. Many Native Americans the harsh rule
of Aztecs & Incas (willing to help Spanish –
hoped life would improve with change)
C. - Native Americans were exposed to
new ones:
Had no - killed millions
WEAPONRY
HATED
MEASLES, MUMPS, SMALL POX, TYPHUS
DISEASES
IMMUNITY
SPANISH EMPIRE:During the the Spanish Empire spread from
to South America – Spain brought
many changes to the Americas
1500’s
CALIFORNIA
1) GOVERNMENT
2) RELIGION
3) CULTURE
Spanish set up the system:
Land in America was given to conquistadors or
landlords by the Spanish government – landlords
forced natives to farm, ranch, mine for them (form
of
Spanish the land for its resources and
treated the natives - many abuses of
rights
SLAVERY
ENCOMIENDA
EXPLOITEDBADLY
HUMAN
4) ECONOMY
I. PENINSULARES
5) SOCIAL CLASSES
II. CREOLES
III. MESTIZOS
IV. MULATTOES
V. NATIVE Americans & slaves AFRICAN
BIBLIOGRAPHY:
Robert Simmon and Reto Stöckli. Sydney, Australia. Digital image. Fotopedia. NASA Earth Observatory, 12 Oct. 2005. Web. 8 May 2014. <http://www.fotopedia.com/items/flickr-7651359238>.
Portuguese. Retrato De Vasco Da Gama.png. Digital image. Wikipedia. Mediawiki, n.d. Web. 8 May 2014. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Retrato_de_Vasco_da_Gama.png>.