-
Page 1 of 43
AFGHANISTAN SKILLS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (ASDP) DEPUTY MINISTRY OF
TVET MINISTRY OF EDUCATION
ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK (ESMF)
JANUARY 2013
E4145
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
Pub
lic D
iscl
osur
e A
utho
rized
-
Page 2 of 43
Table of Contents
Headlines ……………………………………………………………………………………………….Page
Executive Summary
........................................................................................................................
5
Project Components
.......................................................................................................................
5
Environment and Social Safeguards Issues
.................................................................................
9
Grievance Handling Management
...............................................................................................
10
Disclosure
......................................................................................................................................
10
Project Discription
.......................................................................................................................
10
Project Component
......................................................................................................................
11
Potential Adverse Social Impact
..................................................................................................
14
Purpose of ESMF
..........................................................................................................................
14
Safeguard Policy Triggered
.........................................................................................................
14
Safeguard Screeening and Mitigation
.........................................................................................
16
Responsibility for Safeguard Impelementation
..........................................................................
16
Organogram………………………………………………………………………………………………...17
Monitoring of ESMF Implementation
...........................................................................................
17
Budget for ESMF
Implementation…………………………………………………………………...…17
Public Complaints
.........................................................................................................................
18
Consultation and Disclosure
.......................................................................................................
18
ANNEXES
Annex 1. Negative List of subproject attribuation
......................................................................
19
Annex 2. Guidelines for livelihood and compensation for loss of
assets................................ 20
Annex 3. Relevant elements of the codes of practice for the
mitigation of S&E impact ........ 26
Annex 4. Procedures for Mine Rism Management in WB funded
proejct in Afghanistan ...... 31
Annex 5. Environmental Guidelines for Contractors
................................................................
36
Annex 6. Grievance Redress Mechanism
..................................................................................
38
Annex 7. Environmental Health and Safety Guideline
...............................................................
40
Annex 8. Consultation and Stakeholdrs information
.................................................................
42
-
Page 3 of 43
ACRONYMS
AIMS Afghanistan Information Management System
ANDS AP CHS
Afghanistan National Development Strategy Affected Person
Complaint Handling System
EIA Environmental Impact Assessment
E&S EHS
Environmental & Social Environmental Health and Safety
ESMF Environmental and Social Management Framework
ESMP Environmental and Social Management Plan
GoA GRC
Government of Afghanistan Grievance Redress Committee
IDA International Development Association
IFC International Finance Corporation
MAPA Mine Action Program of Afghanistan
NGOs Non-Governmental Organizations
NEPA National Environmental Protection Agency
OP/BP Operational Policy/Bank Procedure
O&M Operation and Maintenance
PAP POP PCB& PPAs
project affected people persistent organic pollutants (POP)
polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans Performance-based
Partnership Agreements
ASDP NOSS TA
Afghanistan Skills Development Project National Occupational
Skills Standards Technical Assistance
WB World Bank
NESPII National Education Strategy Plan-II
BPs Business Plans
TVET Technical Vocational Education and Training
DM-TVET Deputy Ministry of TVET
ARTF Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund
GIZ Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
3TI Technical Teacher Training Institute
NPP1 National Priority Program 1
PMIS Project Management Information System
PAC Public Awareness Campaign
MOE/MoE Ministry of Education
GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism
PDO Project Development Objectives
-
Page 4 of 43
NIMA National Institute of Management and Administration
-
Page 5 of 43
AFGHANISTAN SKILLS DEVELOPMENT PROJECT II (ASDPII)
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK
Executive Summary
The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan has received a grant from
the International Development Agency (IDA)
and the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund (ARTF) for the
Afghanistan Skills Development Project
(ASDP). The said project aims to establish a high quality,
equitable, market-responsive and cost-effective
technical and vocational education and training (TVET) system in
order to increase the number of
immediately employable Afghan graduates. ASDPII is spin-off form
the original project whose project
development objectives (PDO) was ‘to increase employability of a
skilled workforce’ and focused on TVET
only.
ASDP aimed at addressing specific needs of both formal and
informal Vocational Education Training.
ASDP has demonstrated that it is possible to provide adequate
training, in the Afghan context, so long as
the emphasis is placed on improved school governance, the
quality of skills delivery, institutional
management and strengthening collaboration with the private
sector.
The employability of the graduates of formal TVET programs is
the primary objective, and the focus will be
on building a system that will maximize chances of being
employed. With regards to the above objectives,
the said project is funding some institutes of which the
National Institute of Management and Administration
(NIMA) is one of the most prestigious institutes imparting free
education in line with international standards
in collaboration of DMTVET/ASDP/World Bank.The students are
given utmost academic facilities at the
campus to empower them exploit this opportunity in the best
possible way. Likewise, despite its limited
resources, NIMA has strived to support the students of the
far-flung areas by providing boarding facilities as
well.
Project Components The project has four components as
follow:
(a) Component 1: Strengthening of the TVET institutional system
(b) Component 2: Improving performance of TVET Schools and
Institutes (c) Component 3: Improving Teacher Competencies (d)
Component 4: Project Management, M&E and Public Awareness
These Components are further described below.
1. Component 1: Strengthening of the TVET institutional
system-This component will essentially focus on (a) the formulation
of a detailed TVET strategy and plan which would also be in line
with the National Priority Program 1(NPP1), the National Education
Strategy Plan-II (NESP –II), and the Interim Strategy Document
published by the Government, and an implementation program,(b)
developing quality standards for skills delivery including quality
standards for service providers, (c) improvement in curricula
-
Page 6 of 43
and the process of production of teaching materials (d)
designing and implementing a labor market information system and an
overall MIS for the TVET system, (e) capacity building of Monitors
and Inspectors of schools and institutes under DMTVET, and (f)
conducting certification examinations for TVET graduates and
related activities. This component will have the following
sub-components:
a. Sub-component 1.1: TVET Plan and Strategy– Under this
sub-component TA will be provided to the DMTVET to complete the
task of developing a strategic plan. This will include the exposure
of the Plan to concerned stakeholders and its finalization before
formal submission to the Government..
b. Sub-component 1.2: Institutional Strengthening – This
sub-component will provide TA for (a) developing quality standards
for skills delivery as well as accreditation standards for service
providers, and (b) TA for setting up the Labor Market Information
system. The sub-component will also include additional civil works
on the Research building for the DMTVET at the DehBoori campus. The
Research Building will, in addition to housing the planning group,
also accommodate the certification machinery and the training
center for Assessment experts who will be trained by the
certification agency and the facilitating agency.
c. Sub-component 1.3: Improving Monitoring and Inspection at
DMTVET. This sub-component will support TA and training/capacity
building for the Monitors working in DMTVET. TA will be used in
developing processes, procedures, formats and to frame a Guidance
Document for the Monitors and Inspectors. TA will also be used for
initiating a detailed database on the performance and functioning
of the various VET schools.
d. Sub-component 1.4: Development of a system for benchmarking
and certification process. Under this sub-component, the building
blocks of a system for standardization of competency levels and a
certification process will be developed and implemented.
Essentially this work will be in furtherance of the ongoing agenda
of the Committee on Education and Skills Policy. For this
sub-component it is proposed to utilize the expertise of the ILO in
the areas of skills standardization and delivery and to seek their
facilitative and consultative support in the whole process of
systemic development and improvement. ILO will also assist in the
systematization of the generic learning outcomes and competencies
for each level. The important issues are to find correspondences
between the various trainings that are offered either in the formal
or the informal sector. The following steps are proposed to be
taken (specific timelines for these shall be spelt out in the
PIM):
2. Component 2 – Improving performance of TVET schools and
institutes: The focus of this component is on encouraging and
incentivizing schools and institutes to respond meaningfully and
concretely to the demands of the job market for relevant skills.
Interventions are based upon the assumption that employers should
have a meaningful say in shaping the skills training programs. This
will provide assurance to them that they will be getting skilled
persons who will actually deliver in an organizational context. The
Component therefore is designed around the involvement of the
private sector in all academic and managerial aspects of skills
delivery and they will have a say in the decision making on all
such issues. Further, this component reaches out to all the schools
and institutes under the DMTVET, including private and public
schools. There will thus be a level playing field and both the
private and public
-
Page 7 of 43
sectors have an opportunity to demonstrate their abilities to
bring about concrete reforms that contribute to the overall
objectives of the project. This component consists of four
sub-components- (a) Reforms in schools and institutes, (b)
Capacity-building of school principals and administrators, (c)
Voucher programs for meritorious students and (d) Continuing aid to
selected institutes. These are detailed below.
a. Sub-component 2.1: Institution Reforms. This sub-component is
concerned with those institutions that did not benefit from
investments under ASDP.
b. Sub-component 2.2: Capacity Building for School Principals
and Administrators.. This sub-component involves training and
capacity building of TVET principals and administrators of all
schools and institutes under DMTVET. This will be done primarily
through in-country programs, taking advantage of similar programs
done under EQUIP. It is proposed to train a total of 300 principals
and administrators on various subjects including school management,
school administration including documentations, managing of school
finances, student management, examination administration, computer
literacy and English, etc. Part of the program will be to develop a
network for sharing of learning and experience amongst all the
schools and institutes.
c. Sub-component 2.3: Voucher Program for Students. This
sub-component has the objective of providing incentives that will:
(a) increase the attractiveness of formal VET training to students;
(b) supporting meritorious students to complete further
professional diplomas in chosen fields; and (c) providing support
to female students who wish to pursue further professional
training. Under the scheme, vouchers will be given for pursuing
professional courses specifically in Accounting, HR, Banking,
Insurance, Procurement, Logistics and Operations, Advanced
diploma-level technical courses (Specialized Welding,
Instrumentation, Power Electrician, etc.).
d. Sub-component 2.4: Continuing Support to Selected
Institutions. Under this sub-component, four well performing and
reforming institutions, NIMA, ANIM, the Afghan Institute of
Technology (AIT) and the Blind School will continue to be provided
support for further reforms and development of soft and hard
infrastructure. ASDP had already invested in these schools and it
is necessary to carry on the efforts so that these institutions
arrive at a stage where they can operate freely on their own as
premier institutions. However, support will be provided to these
institutions under certain conditions, stipulated as below:
3. Component 3: Improving Teacher Competencies - Under this
Component, an in-service Teacher Training Institute will be set up.
There is already a building available for this purpose and this
component will provide the equipment of that building with
furniture and equipment both for classrooms as well as Workshops,
in order to make it a modern TVET Teacher Training Institution.
Costs incurred will also include an exposure tour for the
administrator and managerial staff of the proposed institution to
familiarize themselves with the needed infrastructure and its
optimum use. It is proposed to train around 750 teachers over the
project period in batches of 25 each. Every batch will undergo four
modules of two monthseach and there will be a gap of two months
before the next module. The training will be both on pedagogy and
content. Particular emphasis will be on practical training and
exposure to new technologies. Teachers will be invited to the
Teacher Training Center from all over the country, and initially
the Center will be run with the help of International experts. From
every batch, 2-3 teachers will be identified who will then be
trained
-
Page 8 of 43
as Master Trainers, and as the project progresses and the number
of Master Trainers increases, dependence on external Faculty will
be reduced. Thus it is expected that by the end of the project the
Master Trainers will completely take over the institutional and
academic programs for technical teacher training. A detailed
exercise on this aspect and the contents of the modules is already
under way through discussions with GIZ who in turn have finalized
the scheme in consultation with teacher training institutions in
Germany.
1. Component 4: Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation,
and Public Awareness - This component comprises of three
sub-components as follow:
a. Sub-component 4.1 Project Management: These include staff
costs, reimbursable and operating cost. ASDP currently supports a
number of specialists particularly in Finance and Procurement and
also in project administration. It is proposed that the contracts
of these personnel will be continued into ASDP II particularly in
view of the fact that their performance has recently been assessed
by Bank procurement and FM teams and found to be satisfactory. Only
a very few new positions are proposed to be added (including Gender
and Safeguards specialists as per recommendations of the concerned
teams) during the period of ASDP II.
b. Sub-component 4.2 Monitoring and Evaluation): As stated
earlier, monitoring and evaluation is a weakness in the TVET
system. This includes the monitoring of the labor market. While the
training of Monitors and Inspectors of DMTVET has been considered
elsewhere (under Component 1), the concern in this sub-component is
for setting up an appropriate M&E system that can be used as a
means of continuous learning also. Under ASDP, an MIS system has
already been developed. This will be further strengthened and
streamlined during the ASDP II. In addition, this component will
pay costs of Third Party monitoring of various aspects of the
project including, inter alia: (a) achievement of institutions on
Business Plans; (b) Tracer studies on student placements; and (c)
Teacher performance after training at the Teacher Training
Institute, (d) assessing learning outcomes of students, etc.
Finally, this sub-component includes the cost of Impact Evaluation
studies for the project as a whole, once at mid-term, and once at
the end of the project.
c. Sub-component 4.3 Public Awareness Campaign: Under this
sub-component, a Public Awareness Campaign will be initiated with
the specific objectives of (a) creating awareness among high school
graduates about TVET as a career option and providing students
information about the training that is being provided in various
institutions, and, over time, more information on the quality of
training provided, (b) creating awareness among private sector and
industry about TVET efforts in Afghanistan and actions taken to
raise standards so that there is a higher level of response as
regards placement proposals, (c) creating awareness among parents
in general about TVET especially with regard to career options for
girls.
-
Page 9 of 43
Environmental and Social Safeguard Issues ASDP is a category B
project according to the WB Environmental Policies and OP/BP 4.01
is triggered. The minor construction work under the project is not
expected to cause any significant negative environmental impact.
The location and details of the planned physical works are not
known at the time of project appraisal and therefore a framework
approach has been adopted to address potential social and
environmental issues and ensure consistent treatment of social and
environmental issues during its implementation. The Environmental
and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been developed
specifically for the proposed operations to avoid, reduce or
mitigate adverse social or environmental impact. Consistent with
existing national legislation and the World Bank Operational
Policies on environmental and social safeguard, the objective of
the Framework is to help ensure that activities under the project
would:
Protect human health;
Prevent or compensate any loss of livelihood;
Prevent environmental degradation as a result of either
individual subprojects or their
cumulative effects;
Minimize impacts on cultural property;
Enhance positive environmental and social outcomes, and
Comply with the National and World Bank Safeguards policies
The ESMF documents will be translated into local Pashtu/Dari and
will be publicly disclosed including on the MoE website and in the
WB InfoShop. The project will finance minor civil works, such as,
modification or rehabilitation of existing DVET infrastructure. No
land acquisition will be funded under the project, and in case of
new constructions, these will be built on existing land belong to
MoE. Adverse social impacts of construction works may thus only
arise in case of informal settlers (e.g. squatters) or other uses
of the government land in question. Since the location of any new
facility is not known at appraisal, the ESMF includes guidelines
for
compensation in the rare case that negative livelihood impact is
suffered by project affected people (PAPs).
The selection, design, contracting, monitoring and evaluation of
construction projects will be consistent with
the following guidelines, codes of practice and
requirements:
A negative list of characteristics that would make a proposed
subproject ineligible for support, as indicated in Annex I;
Guidelines for livelihood and compensation for loss of assets,
presented in Annex 2(annex 2(i),2(ii) and 2(iii);
Relevant elements of the codes of practice for the mitigation of
potential environmental and social impacts, presented in Annex
3;
The requirement that confirmation is received through the
Regional Mine Action Center that areas to be accessed during
reconstruction and rehabilitation activities have been demined, see
Guidelines in Annex 4.
Environmental Guidelines for Contractors in Annex 5
Grievance Redress Mechanism in Annex 6
Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines in Annex 7
Consultation and Stakeholders information in Annex 8
-
Page 10 of 43
Grievance Handling Management ASDP will review and enhance the
current Complaint Handing System (CHS) at TVET schools and
dormitories. The strengthening of CHS will focus on multiple
grievance uptake channels and establishing of
a grievance redress committee in each school, dormitory. During
the implementation of ASDP the TVET
will maintain a complaint record database to enable complaint
tracking and review. There will also a
complaint handling committee at each construction site to cover
construction site as well. Such a Grievance
Redress system will provide trainees, teachers as well as
laborers a formal venue for raising their
grievances and concerns, as well as a mechanism for timely and
adequate solution or mitigation of these.
The revised grievance handling procedures are included in the
ESMF.
Disclosure Prior to appraisal of the ASDP, the ESMF will be
disclosed by the ASDP/DMTVET in Dari and Pashto
languages as well as English on the MoE website and in relevant
placed in the country places as required
by law for information and comments. Public Awareness Campaign
(PAC) unit will be responsible to
publicize the ESMF document via media and other sources. The
English version of the ESMF is also
disclosed at the World’s Bank InfoShop on January 15, 2013.The
Government of Afghanistan intends to
make all project documentation publicly available to the
relevant stakeholders through the Afghan
Information Management System (AIMS) and Ministry’s
websites.
1. Project Description The Islamic Republic of Afghanistan has
received a grant from the International Development Agency
(IDA)
and the Afghanistan Reconstruction Trust Fund (ARTF) for the
Afghanistan Skills Development Project
(ASDP). The said project aims to establish a high quality,
equitable, market-responsive and cost-effective
technical and vocational education and training (TVET) system in
order to increase the number of
immediately employable Afghan graduates. ASDPII is spin-off form
the original project whose project
development objectives (PDO) was ‘to increase employability of a
skilled workforce’ and focused on TVET
only.
ASDP aimed at addressing specific needs of both formal and
informal Vocational Education Training.
ASDP has demonstrated that it is possible to provide adequate
training, in the Afghan context, so long as
the emphasis is placed on improved school governance, the
quality of skills delivery, institutional
management and strengthening collaboration with the private
sector.
The employability of the graduates of formal TVET programs is
the primary objective, and the focus will be
on building a system that will maximize chances of being
employed. With regards to the above objectives,
the said project is funding some institutes of which the
National Institute of Management and Administration
(NIMA) is one of the most prestigious institutes imparting free
education in line with international standards
in collaboration of DMTVET/ASDP/World Bank. The students are
given utmost academic facilities at the
campus to empower them exploit this opportunity in the best
possible way. Likewise, despite its limited
resources, NIMA has strived to support the students of the
far-flung areas by providing boarding facilities as
well.
-
Page 11 of 43
2. Project Components
4. Component 1: Strengthening of the TVET institutional
system-This component will essentially focus on (a) the formulation
of a detailed TVET strategy and plan which would also be in line
with the National Priority Program 1(NPP1), the National Education
Strategy Plan-II (NESP –II), and the Interim Strategy Document
published by the Government, and an implementation program,(b)
developing quality standards for skills delivery including quality
standards for service providers, (c) improvement in curricula and
the process of production of teaching materials (d) designing and
implementing a labor market information system and an overall MIS
for the TVET system, (e) capacity building of Monitors and
Inspectors of schools and institutes under DMTVET, and (f)
conducting certification examinations for TVET graduates and
related activities. This component will have the following
sub-components:
a. Sub-component 1.1: TVET Plan and Strategy– Under this
sub-component TA will be provided to the DMTVET to complete the
task of developing a strategic plan. This will include the exposure
of the Plan to concerned stakeholders and its finalization before
formal submission to the Government..
b. Sub-component 1.2: Institutional Strengthening – This
sub-component will provide TA for (a) developing quality standards
for skills delivery as well as accreditation standards for service
providers, and (b) TA for setting up the Labor Market Information
system. The sub-component will also include additional civil works
on the Research building for the DMTVET at the DehBoori campus. The
Research Building will, in addition to housing the planning group,
also accommodate the certification machinery and the training
center for Assessment experts who will be trained by the
certification agency and the facilitating agency.
c. Sub-component 1.3: Improving Monitoring and Inspection at
DMTVET. This sub-component will support TA and training/capacity
building for the Monitors working in DMTVET. TA will be used in
developing processes, procedures, formats and to frame a Guidance
Document for the Monitors and Inspectors. TA will also be used for
initiating a detailed database on the performance and functioning
of the various VET schools.
d. Sub-component 1.4: Development of a system for benchmarking
and certification process. Under this sub-component, the building
blocks of a system for standardization of competency levels and a
certification process will be developed and implemented.
Essentially this work will be in furtherance of the ongoing agenda
of the Committee on Education and Skills Policy. For this
sub-component it is proposed to utilize the expertise of the ILO in
the areas of skills standardization and delivery and to seek their
facilitative and consultative support in the whole process of
systemic development and improvement. ILO will also assist in the
systematization of the generic learning outcomes and competencies
for each level. The important issues are to find correspondences
between the various trainings that are offered either in the formal
or the informal sector. The following steps are proposed to be
taken (specific timelines for these shall be spelt out in the
PIM):
5. Component 2 – Improving performance of TVET schools and
institutes: The focus of this component is on encouraging and
incentivizing schools and institutes to respond meaningfully and
concretely to the demands of the job market for relevant skills.
Interventions are based upon the
-
Page 12 of 43
assumption that employers should have a meaningful say in
shaping the skills training programs. This will provide assurance
to them that they will be getting skilled persons who will actually
deliver in an organizational context. The Component therefore is
designed around the involvement of the private sector in all
academic and managerial aspects of skills delivery and they will
have a say in the decision making on all such issues. Further, this
component reaches out to all the schools and institutes under the
DMTVET, including private and public schools. There will thus be a
level playing field and both the private and public sectors have an
opportunity to demonstrate their abilities to bring about concrete
reforms that contribute to the overall objectives of the project.
This component consists of four sub-components- (a) Reforms in
schools and institutes, (b) Capacity-building of school principals
and administrators, (c) Voucher programs for meritorious students
and (d) Continuing aid to selected institutes. These are detailed
below.
a. Sub-component 2.1: Institution Reforms. This sub-component is
concerned with those institutions that did not benefit from
investments under ASDP.
b. Sub-component 2.2: Capacity Building for School Principals
and Administrators.. This sub-component involves training and
capacity building of TVET principals and administrators of all
schools and institutes under DMTVET. This will be done primarily
through in-country programs, taking advantage of similar programs
done under EQUIP. It is proposed to train a total of 300 principals
and administrators on various subjects including school management,
school administration including documentations, managing of school
finances, student management, examination administration, computer
literacy and English, etc. Part of the program will be to develop a
network for sharing of learning and experience amongst all the
schools and institutes.
c. Sub-component 2.3: Voucher Program for Students. This
sub-component has the objective of providing incentives that will:
(a) increase the attractiveness of formal VET training to students;
(b) supporting meritorious students to complete further
professional diplomas in chosen fields; and (c) providing support
to female students who wish to pursue further professional
training. Under the scheme, vouchers will be given for pursuing
professional courses specifically in Accounting, HR, Banking,
Insurance, Procurement, Logistics and Operations, Advanced
diploma-level technical courses (Specialized Welding,
Instrumentation, Power Electrician, etc.).
d. Sub-component 2.4: Continuing Support to Selected
Institutions. Under this sub-component, four well performing and
reforming institutions, NIMA, ANIM, the Afghan Institute of
Technology (AIT) and the Blind School will continue to be provided
support for further reforms and development of soft and hard
infrastructure. ASDP had already invested in these schools and it
is necessary to carry on the efforts so that these institutions
arrive at a stage where they can operate freely on their own as
premier institutions. However, support will be provided to these
institutions under certain conditions, stipulated as below:
6. Component 3: Improving Teacher Competencies - Under this
Component, an in-service Teacher Training Institute will be set up.
There is already a building available for this purpose and this
component will provide the equipment of that building with
furniture and equipment both for classrooms as well as Workshops,
in order to make it a modern TVET Teacher Training Institution.
Costs incurred will also include an exposure tour for the
administrator and managerial staff of the proposed institution to
familiarize
-
Page 13 of 43
themselves with the needed infrastructure and its optimum use.
It is proposed to train around 750 teachers over the project period
in batches of 25 each. Every batch will undergo four modules of two
monthseach and there will be a gap of two months before the next
module. The training will be both on pedagogy and content.
Particular emphasis will be on practical training and exposure to
new technologies. Teachers will be invited to the Teacher Training
Center from all over the country, and initially the Center will be
run with the help of International experts. From every batch, 2-3
teachers will be identified who will then be trained as Master
Trainers, and as the project progresses and the number of Master
Trainers increases, dependence on external Faculty will be reduced.
Thus it is expected that by the end of the project the Master
Trainers will completely take over the institutional and academic
programs for technical teacher training.A detailed exercise on this
aspect and the contents of the modules is already under way through
discussions with GIZ who in turn have finalized the scheme in
consultation with teacher training institutions in Germany.
2. Component 4: Project Management, Monitoring and Evaluation,
and Public Awareness - This component comprises of three
sub-components as follow:
a. Sub-component 4.1 Project Management: These include staff
costs, reimbursable and operating cost. ASDP currently supports a
number of specialists particularly in Finance and Procurement and
also in project administration. It is proposed that the contracts
of these personnel will be continued into ASDP II particularly in
view of the fact that their performance has recently been assessed
by Bank procurement and FM teams and found to be satisfactory. Only
a very few new positions are proposed to be added (including Gender
and Safeguards specialists as per recommendations of the concerned
teams) during the period of ASDP II.
b. Sub-component 4.2 Monitoring and Evaluation): As stated
earlier, monitoring and evaluation is a weakness in the TVET
system. This includes the monitoring of the labor market. While the
training of Monitors and Inspectors of DMTVET has been considered
elsewhere (under Component 1), the concern in this sub-component is
for setting up an appropriate M&E system that can be used as a
means of continuous learning also. Under ASDP, an MIS system has
already been developed. This will be further strengthened and
streamlined during the ASDP II. In addition, this component will
pay costs of Third Party monitoring of various aspects of the
project including, inter alia: (a) achievement of institutions on
Business Plans; (b) Tracer studies on student placements; and (c)
Teacher performance after training at the Teacher Training
Institute, (d) assessing learning outcomes of students, etc.
Finally, this sub-component includes the cost of Impact Evaluation
studies for the project as a whole, once at mid-term, and once at
the end of the project.
c. Sub-component 4.3 Public Awareness Campaign: Under this
sub-component, a Public Awareness Campaign will be initiated with
the specific objectives of (a) creating awareness among high school
graduates about TVET as a career option and providing students
information about the training that is being provided in various
institutions, and, over time, more information on the quality of
training provided, (b) creating awareness among private sector and
industry about TVET efforts in Afghanistan and actions taken to
raise standards so that there is a higher level of response as
regards placement proposals, (c) creating
-
Page 14 of 43
awareness among parents in general about TVET especially with
regard to career options for girls.
3. Potential Adverse Social and Environmental Impacts: The ASDP
project will finance minor civil works, such as modification or
rehabilitation of existing TVET schools and or some new structures,
which will take place within the available land belong to MoE. The
proposed work is not anticipated to cause significant adverse
impacts on the environment or community. The identified potential
adverse impacts would be localized in spatial extent and short in
duration, and would be manageable by implementing proper mitigation
measures. . No land acquisition will be funded under the project,
and in case of new constructions, these will be built on existing
TVET facility land. Adverse social impacts of construction works
may thus only arise in case of informal settlers or other uses of
the government land in question.
4. Purpose of the Environmental and Social Management Framework
(ESMF) The location and details of the planned physical works are
not known at the time of project appraisal and therefore a
framework approach has been adopted to address potential social and
environmental issues and ensure consistent treatment of social and
environmental issues during its implementation. The Environmental
and Social Management Framework (ESMF) has been developed
specifically for the proposed operations to avoid, reduce or
mitigate adverse social or environmental impact. Consistent with
existing national legislation and the World Bank Operational
Policies on environmental and social safeguard, the objective of
the Framework is to help ensure that activities under the project
would: Protect human health; Prevent or compensate any loss of
livelihood; Prevent environmental degradation as a result of either
individual subprojects or their cumulative effects; Minimize
impacts on cultural property; Enhance positive environmental and
social outcomes, and Comply with the National and World Bank
Safeguards policies
5. Safeguards Policies triggered The project is categorized as
Environmental category B in accordance with World Bank operational
policy
(OP) 4.01 (Environmental Assessment). OP/BP 4.01 is triggered
for ASDP-II because of the possibility of
minor physical works. Activities under the proposed project is
not anticipated to cause significant and
negative environmental & social impacts; however, the
construction activities may cause limited, temporary
and localized negative impacts due to depletion or degradation
of natural resources such as stone, earth,
water, etc. used for school construction.
The project will apply the Environmental and Social Management
Framework (ESMF) developed for the
proposed operation. The ESMF provides guidance on the approach
to be taken during implementation for
-
Page 15 of 43
the selection and design of physical subprojects/proposed
investments and the planning of mitigation
measures, guidelines and codes of practice for the environmental
mitigation measures to be incorporated in
the design, contracting and monitoring of sub-projects.
Guidelines for consultation and disclosure
requirements are also included, to ensure due diligence and
facilitate consistent treatment of environmental
and social issues by all participating development partners.
OP 4.12 is not triggered and no land acquisition will be funded
under the project. In case of new
constructions, these will either be built on existing DMTVET/MOE
facility land. Adverse social impacts of
construction works may thus only arise in case of informal
settlers or other uses of the government land in
question.
OP 4.10 is not triggered
Moreover ASDPII addresses improvement in the
TVET systems at national level and benefits will potentially be
available to anyone irrespective of
ethnicity/religion and gender. While OP 4.10 is also not
triggered, issues of equity across different
ethnic/religious groups are important. Employment opportunities
within the projects will be available on an
equal basis to all, on the basis of professional competence,
irrespective of gender, or ethnic or religious
group. In all projects which require consultations with local
communities or beneficiaries, consultations will
be conducted to elicit the views of both the male and the female
population, separate consultations will be
conducted with women. The project will be further reinforcing
its gender strategy during the first stage of
implementation.
6. Safeguard Screening and Mitigation Compliance with the
safeguard provisions and the negative list will be ensured through
an environmental, social and risk screening procedure (check lists)
required for sub-project proposals, and by internal input, process,
and output monitoring, independent external monitoring by
consultants, and by Bank supervision missions. The ESMF is based
upon the national Environmental Act, its EIA regulations and World
Bank Operational
Policies (OP/BP 4.01) which provides general policies,
guidelines, codes of practice and procedures to be
integrated into the implementation of the proposed operation for
providing assistance, while at the same
time ensuring due diligence in managing potential environmental
and social risks.
The ESMF sets out guidelines and procedures for the following: o
Assessment of potential adverse E&S impacts commonly associated
with the sub-projects
and guidelines for how to avoid, minimize or mitigate them;
o Establishment of clear procedures and methodologies for the
E&S planning, review,
approval and implementation of sub-projects;
o Development of an initial Environmental and Social screening
system to be used for
subprojects; and
o Specification of roles and responsibilities and the necessary
reporting procedures for
managing and monitoring sub-project E&S concerns.
-
Page 16 of 43
The selection, design, contracting, monitoring and evaluation of
subprojects will be consistent with the following guidelines, codes
of practice and requirements:
A negative list of characteristics that would make a proposed
subproject ineligible for support, as indicated in Annex 1;
Guidelines for livelihood and compensation for loss of assets,
presented in Annex 2(annex 2(i) annex 2(ii) and 2(iii);
Relevant elements of the codes of practice for the mitigation of
potential environmental and social impacts, presented in Annex
3;
The requirement that confirmation is received through the
Regional Mine Action Center that areas to be accessed during
reconstruction and rehabilitation activities have been demined, see
Guidelines in Annex 4.
Environmental Guidelines for Contractors in Annex 5
Grievance Redress Mechanism in Annex 6
Environmental Health and Safety Guidelines in Annex 7
Consultation and Stakeholders information in Annex 8 The ESMF
stipulates that contractors hired in the project should:
Minimize negative impacts on local communities and the
environment during construction.
Ensure appropriate restoration of areas affected by
construction.
Prevent any long term environmental degradation and deal
adequately with environmental, social,
health and safety issues during rehabilitation works.
Contractors must declare themselves conversant of all relevant
national environmental and social
legislation and Bank regulations- as well as of their
environmental and social obligations as stipulated in the
ESMF. Further, the contractor shall ensure compliance with the
World Bank/IFC’s General Environmental,
Health and Safety Guidelines as applicable to mitigate
construction related impacts. The ASDP project in
consultation with engineering team through the designated
Safeguards Officer will monitor the construction
work of the project.
7. Responsibilities for Safeguards/ESMF Implementation and
Mitigation The overall responsibility of project implementation
rests with the Ministry of Education while the ASDP unit
is in charge of the implementation of ESMF activities.
The designated Environmental Social Safeguard Officer for the
ESMF implementation will be identified and
work closely with ASDP project as well as DMTVET. The ASDP’s
designated officer will be responsible for
coordinating and monitoring the joint efforts of all relevant
stakeholders during operations and make sure
that the work is in accordance with the provisions of the social
and environmental management framework.
-
Page 17 of 43
The designated officer should be reporting on the gaps,
constraints in the implementation of the ESMF to
the ASDP project accordingly.
Organogram
8. Monitoring of ESMF Implementation The Safeguard Officer, and
in collaboration with engineering team, will be responsible for
monitoring the
environment and social performance aspects supported by the ASDP
project and report on indicators to be
integrated into the strengthening of the MIS system planned
under ASDPII. The Safeguards Officer will
undertake random visits to monitor construction activities and
will provide technical advice to site engineers
on social and environment issues if needed. He/She will also
work to provide training on health and
hygienic for the students at TVET dormitories. The Safeguard
Officer will collaborate closely with the World
Bank Safeguards team and will share quarterly progress report on
safeguards issues in the Project. .
Furthermore, the functioning of Grievance Redress System will
also be captured in the strengthened MIS
The cost of implementing and monitoring the ESMF is included in
the overall budget of the ASDP project. It
includes, in particular, a full time Safeguards Specialist and
Officer in the Engineering team and the
implementation of capacity building activities.
9. Budget for ESMF Implementation The Safeguards Specialist
& Officer with relevant staff of engineering team of ASDP
project and contractor(s) will undergo trainings in the application
of the ESMF. During supervision of the project, the World Bank will
assess the implementation of the Framework directly or through
third party, and if required, will recommend additional
strengthening.
DMTVET/MOE ASDP Project
Environmental & Social Safeguard
Specialist Engineering Team
Environmental & Social Safeguard
Officer
Gender
-
Page 18 of 43
Capacity building activities
Number Details Required budget
Training sessions to ASDP staff
7 Training sessions to Engineering staff on ESMF implementation
(organized by
Safeguards Specialist/Officer)
TBD
Training sessions to contractors
TBD Training sessions on mitigation of environmental and social
impacts and
contractor guideline
TBD
10. Public Complaints and Grievance Redress: ASDP will review
and enhance the functioning of the existing Complaint Handling
System (CHS) at TVET
schools and dormitories and establish a comprehensive Grievance
Redress Mechanism (draft Grievance
Redress Mechanism in Annex 6). The strengthening of complaints
handling will ensure multiple grievance
uptake channels and establishment of a grievance redress
committee in each school, dormitory. During the
implementation of ASDPII, the TVET will maintain a complaint
record database to enable complaint
tracking and review. There will also a complaint handling
committee at each construction site to cover any
complaints/grievances arising already during construction
process. Such a Grievance Redress system will
provide trainees, teachers, laborers and surrounding communities
with a formal venue for raising their
grievances and concerns, as well as a mechanism for timely and
adequate solution or mitigation. The draft
revised grievance handling procedures are included in Annex 6.
The functioning of the Grievance Redress
System will be covered in the strengthened comprehensive MIS of
ASDPII and will also be captured under
the planned participatory monitoring.
11. Consultation and Disclosure
This Environmental and Social Management Framework was developed
for the project on the basis of an
overall Framework for World Bank-funded reconstruction
operations which was prepared in consultation
with the principal NGOs and development partners participating
in reconstruction activities in Afghanistan in
2002. The present version is based on the ESMF for the original
ASDP, and was consulted with
institutional stakeholders (see Annex 8). In case of new
constructions requiring land, Annex 2, Guidelines
for Land Acquisition, comprises specific requirements for public
consultations and consultations with PAPS
in case of land issues.
Prior to appraisal of the ASDP, the ESMF will be disclosed by
the ASDP/DMTVET in Dari and Pashto languages as well as English on
the MOE website and in relevant places in the country as required
by law for information and comments.
-
Page 19 of 43
ANNEXES ANNEX 1
Negative List of Subproject Attributes
Subprojects with any of the attributes listed below will be
ineligible for support under the ASDPproject.
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
Involves the significant conversion or degradation of critical
natural habitats. Including, but not limited to, any activity
within:
Ab-i-Estada Waterfowl Sanctuary;
Ajar Valley (Proposed) Wildlife Reserve;
Dashte-Nawar Waterfowl Sanctuary;
Pamir-Buzurg (Proposed) Wildlife Sanctuary;
Bande Amir National Park;
KoleHashmat Khan (Proposed) Waterfowl Sanctuary.
Will significantly damage non-replicable cultural property,
including but not limited to any activities that affect the
following sites:
monuments of Herat (including the Friday Mosque, ceramictile
workshop, Musallahcomplex, Fifth Minaret, Gawhar Shah mausoleum,
mausoleum of Ali SherNavaii, and the Shah
Zadehahmausoleumcomplex);
monuments of Bamiyan Valley (includingFuladi, Kakrak, Shar-i
Ghulghular and Shahr-i Zuhak);
archaeological site of Ai Khanum;
site and monuments of Ghazni;
minaret of Jam;
mosque of HajiPiyada/Nu Gunbad, Balkh province;
stupa and monastry of Guldarra;
site and monuments of Lashkar-i Bazar, Bost;
archaeological site of SurkhKotal.
Requires involuntary acquisition of land, or any resettlement of
people
Involves the use of unsustainably harvested timber or fuel
wood.
Involves the use of hazardous substances.
-
Page 20 of 43
ANNEX 2
Guidelines for Land and Asset Acquisition, Entitlements and
Compensation Objectives Land acquisition will be kept to a minimum
and no person will be involuntarily displaced under subprojects
financed by the ASDP project. Subproject proposals that will
require demolishing houses or acquiring land should be carefully
reviewed to minimize or avoid their impacts through alternative
alignments. Proposals that require more than minor expansion along
rights of way should be reviewed carefully. No land or asset
acquisition may take place outside of these guidelines. A format
for Land Acquisition Assessment is attached as Attachment (i).
These guidelines provide principles and instructions to compensate
affected persons to ensure that all such persons negatively
affected, regardless of their land tenure status, will be assisted
to improve, or at least to restore, their living standards, income
earning or production capacity to pre-project levels. Eligibility
PAPs are identified as persons whose livelihood, land, structures
or other assets are directly or indirectly affected by the project.
PAPs deemed eligible for compensation are:
a. those who have formal legal rights to land, water resources
or structures/buildings, including recognized customary and
traditional rights;
b. those who do not have such formal legal rights but have a
claim to usufruct right rooted in
customary law;
c. those whose claim to land and water resources or
building/structures do not fall within (1) and (2) above, are
eligible to assistance to restore their livelihood.
Acquisition of Productive Assets Land acquisition may take place
through the following methods:
a. Voluntary contributions. In accordance with traditional
practices, individuals may elect to
voluntarily contribute land or assets and/or relocate
temporarily or permanently from their land without
compensation.
b. Contributions against compensation. A contributor/asset loser
considered "affected" will be
eligible for compensation from the local community or
alternatively from the Government. A PAP shall lodge his/her claim
for compensation to the local community representatives/shura head
and it shall be verified by the implementing agency. The claim
shall be lodged within 2 weeks of completion of the consultations
with the concerned community, and before project implementation
begins.
-
Page 21 of 43
c. Sales transaction. An asset owner will sell the asset on the
basis of prevailing market prices.
The proceedings for voluntary contribution, or contribution
against compensation, should be documented. The documentation
should specify that the land is free of any squatters, encroachers
or other claims. A format is attached in Attachment (i), which
includes a Schedule to be followed to assess any compensation
claimed and the agreement reached. Compensation Principles The
project implementing agencies shall ensure that any of the
following means of compensation are provided in a timely manner to
affected persons: (1) Project affected persons losing access to a
portion of their land or other productive assets with the
remaining assets being economically viable are entitled to
compensation at replacement cost for that portion of land or assets
lost to them. Compensation for the lost assets will be according to
following principles:
a. replacement land with an equally productive plot, cash or
other equivalent productive assets; b. materials and assistance to
fully replace solid structures that will be demolished; c.
replacement of damaged or lost crops and trees, at market value; d.
other acceptable in-kind compensation; e. in case of cash
compensation, the delivery of compensation should be made in
public, i.e. at the
Community Meeting.
(2) Project affected persons losing access to a portion of their
land or other economic assets rendering the remainder economically
non-viable, will have the options of compensation for the entire
asset by provision of alternative land, cash or equivalent
productive asset, according to the principles in (1) a-d above
(3) A copy of the Contribution of Asset Document or Compensation
of Asset Requisition should be passed on to the Provincial/District
Judge who will certify the transaction and keep a record
hereof.
Consultation Process The implementing agencies will ensure that
all occupants of land and owners of assets located in a proposed
subproject area are consulted. There will be gender-separate
community meetings for each affected mantaqa/gozar(urban
infrastructure) or village (other projects) to inform the local
population about their rights to compensation and options available
in accordance with these Guidelines. The Minutes of the community
meetings shall reflect the discussions held, agreements reached,
and include details of the agreement, based on the format provided
in Attachment (ii). The implementing agency shall provide a copy of
the Minutes to affected persons and confirm in discussions with
each of them their requests and preferences for compensation,
agreements reached, and any eventual complaint. Copies will be
recorded in the posted project documentation and be available for
inspection during supervision.
-
Page 22 of 43
Subproject Approval In the event that a subproject involves
acquisition against compensation, the implementing agency
shall:
a. not approve the subproject unless a satisfactory compensation
has been agreed between the affected person and the local
community;
b. not allow works to start until the compensation has been
delivered in a satisfactory manner to the affected persons;
c. if more than 200 persons are affected and require
compensation, the subproject shall be deemed ineligible for support
under the ASDP project.
Complaints and Grievances
All complaints should first be negotiated to reach an agreement
at the local community/village level. If this falls, complaints and
grievances about these Guidelines, implementation of the agreements
recorded in the Community Meeting Minutes or any alleged
irregularity in carrying out the project can also be addressed by
the affected persons or their representative at the municipal or
district level. If this also fails, the complaint may be submitted
to the relevant implementing agency for a decision.
Verification The Community Meeting Minutes, including agreements
of compensation and evidence of compensation having been made shall
be provided to the Municipality/district, to the supervising
engineers, who will maintain a record hereof, and to auditors and
socio-economic monitors when they undertake reviews and
post-project assessment. This process shall be specified in all
relevant project documents, including details of the relevant
authority for complaints at municipal/district or implementing
agency level.
-
Page 23 of 43
ANNEX2(i):
Land Acquisition Assessment Data Sheet (To be used to record
information on all land to be acquired)
1. Quantities of land/structures/other assets required: 2. Date
to be acquired: 3. Sketch of project land plot, identifying:
Location and area of each
individual piece of
land/structure involved:
Category of land (private/ communal/ government
etc) and Owner(s)*
Current uses Users Multiple claimants/users
Yes/No
Method of acquisition**
(a)
(b)
(c)
* Provide documentary proof, where available. **
Donation/Acquisition against Compensation/Purchase. This should be
determined following consultations with PAPs In case of Multiple
customary claimants/users, specify for each individual piece of
land involved:
Number of Customary claimants:
Number of Squatters:
Number of Encroacher:
Number of Owners:
Number of Tenants:
Others (specify): Number: 4. Transfer of title:
Ensure these lands/structures/other assets free of claims or
encumbrances.
Written proof must be obtained (notarized or witnessed
statements) of the voluntary donation, or acceptance of the prices
paid, from those affected, together with proof of title being
vested in the community, or guarantee of public access, by the
title-holder.
5. Describe grievance mechanisms available:
-
Page 24 of 43
ANNEX2(ii)
Format to Document Contribution of Assets
The following agreement has been made
on............................ day of...................……….
between ...............................................resident
of........................................... (The Owner) and
………………………….(the Recipient). 1. That the Owner holds the
transferable right of ........................…………………jerib of
land/structure/asset in.........………………………………………………………………… 2. That
the Owner testifies that the land/structure is free of squatters or
encroachers and not subject to other claims. 3. That the Owner
hereby grants to the Recipient this asset for the construction and
development of ................................for the benefit of
the villagers and the public at large. (Either, in case of
donation:) 4. That the Owner will not claim any compensation
against the grant of this asset. (Or, in case of compensation:) 4.
That the Owner will receive compensation against the grant of this
asset as per the attached Schedule. 5. That the Recipient agrees to
accept this grant of asset for the purposes mentioned. 6. That the
Recipient shall construct and develop the……………………and take all
possible precautions to avoid damage to adjacent
land/structure/other assets. 7. That both the parties agree that
the………………………so constructed/developed shall be public premises. 8.
That the provisions of this agreement will come into force from the
date of signing of this deed. ____________________________
_____________________________________ Signature of the Owner:
Signature of the Recipient: Witnesses:
1.______________________________ 2.______________________________
(Signature, name and address)
______________________________________ (Attestation by
District/Province Judge, Date)
-
Page 25 of 43
ANNEX2(iii)
Schedule of Compensation of Asset Requisition
Summary of Units to be Compensated Agreed Compensation affected
unit/item a. Urban/agricultural land (jerib): _____________________
___________________ b. Houses/structures to be demolished
(units/jerib): _____________________ ___________________
c. Type of structure to be demolished (e.g. mud, brick, etc.)
_____________________ Not Applicable. d. Trees or crops affected
(units/jerib): _____________________ ___________________ e. Water
sources affected: _____________________ ___________________
Signature of PAP signifying his/her agreement: Signatures of local
community representatives, shura head: Include record of any
complaints raised by affected persons: Map attached (showing
affected areas and replacement areas):
_______________________________________ (Attestation by
District/Province Judge, Date)
-
Page 26 of 43
ANNEX3
Codes of Practice for Prevention and Mitigation of Environmental
Impacts
Potential Impacts Prevention and Mitigation Measures
Buildings
Rehabilitation and/or construction of TVET facilities.
Deforestation caused by:
unsustainable use of timber.
wood-firing of bricks.
Replace timber beams with concrete where structurally
possible.
Ensure fired bricks are not wood-fired.
Where technically and economically feasible, substitute fired
bricks with alternatives, such as sun-dried mud bricks, compressed
earth bricks, or rammed earth construction.
-
Page 27 of 43
Potential Impacts Prevention and Mitigation Measures
Injury and death from earthquake:
Injury and death from flood;
Injury and death from landslides or heavy erosion;
Injury and death from fire;
Apply low-cost aseismic structural designs. Seismically active
or volcanic zones should be avoided if possible. If these sites
must be used, then seismically resistant construction should be
used in all construction activities, and early warning systems
established.
Flood-vulnerable sites should be avoided. When such sites must
be used, then provisions for raising ground level under structures,
drainage and protective dikes are necessary. Such interventions may
need to be removed during decommissioning. A local flood warning
system should be established.
Appropriate drainage systems will be needed during the periods
of heavy rain. Provisions for safe latrine use during the rainy
season will be needed as part of the management plans. Landslide
and erosion prone sites should be avoided. If not possible, natural
vegetation should be maintained in the landslide-vulnerable slopes
and throughout the site, the site should be terraced to limit
runoff, and structures should not built on landslide-prone slopes.
A local landslide warning system should be established.
Incorporate fire safety into management plan including means of
warning and escape, internal fire spread, external fire spread, and
access and facilities for the fire service.
Disease caused by inadequate provision of water and
sanitation:
Ensure designs include adequate sanitary latrines and access to
safe water.
A site should not be selected until a sustainable source of
potable water is available.
-
Page 28 of 43
Potential Impacts Prevention and Mitigation Measures
Injury and death from toxic materials on sites
Verify that there are no toxic materials present in the soil or
ground water.
Verify that there are no environmentally hazardous sites (e.g.
septic systems) are located where a building will be
constructed.
Avoid sites with a risk or air or water pollution from
industrial or commercial activities.
Sites should not be located within 50 meters of main roads. If
such locations cannot be avoided, then site area nearest the road
should be allocated to less frequently activities where possible
and barriers should be placed along the road side of the site to
reduce pollution and the chance of accident.
Water Supply for TVET facilities
Repair and rehabilitation of existing piped water schemes.
New or expanded piped water schemes to serve TVET
facilities.
Installation or rehabilitation of tube wells or dug wells.
-
Page 29 of 43
Potential Impacts Prevention and Mitigation Measures
Disease caused by poor water quality:
Contamination by seepage from latrines, municipal waste or
agricultural areas.
High mineral concentrations.
Creation of stagnant pools of water.
Develop a drainage plan for the site which incorporates natural
drainage and drainage infrastructure.
Priorities leak detection and repair of pipe networks.
Chemical and bacteriological testing of water quality from
adjacent comparable sources prior to installation of new
sources.
Redesign to prevent contamination if adjacent comparable sources
are found to be contaminated.
Subsequent monitoring of installed or rehabilitated sources.
Appropriate location, apron and drainage around tube wells and
dug wells to prevent formation of stagnant pools.
Provision of cover and hand-pump to prevent contamination of dug
wells.
Where pit latrines are used they should be located more than 10m
from any water source. The base should be sealed and separated by
at least 2m of sand or loamy soil from the groundwater table.
Where night-soil latrines or septic tanks are built they should
be sealed. Outflows should drain either to a soak-way located at
least 10m from any water source or be connected to a working
drain.
Depletion of water source:
Over-exploitation of aquifers.
Hazard of land subsidence.
Urban interventions and abstraction limits to be planned in the
context of groundwater investigations.
Local water use planning (community and technical
consultation).
Sanitation for TVETfacilities
Latrines.
-
Page 30 of 43
Potential Impacts Prevention and Mitigation Measures
Contamination of water supplies:
Contamination of groundwater because of seepage.
Contamination of surface waters due to flooding or
over-flowing.
Develop a waste water and solid waste management plan.
Where pit latrines are used they should be located more than 10m
from any water source. The base should be sealed and separated
vertically by not less than 2m of sand or loamy soil from the
ground water table.
Where night soil latrines or septic tanks are built they should
be sealed. Outflows should drain either to a soak away located at
least 10m from any water source or be connected to a working
drain.
Maintenance training to be delivered along with new
latrines.
Disease caused by poor handling practices of night-soil.
Training and health education to be provided to night soil
handlers where affected by interventions.
Protective clothing and appropriate containers for night-soil
transportation to be provided.
Disease caused by inadequate excreta disposal or inappropriate
use of latrines.
Night-soil should be handled using protective clothing to
prevent any contamination of workers skin or clothes.
Where night-soil is collected for agricultural use it should be
stored for a sufficient period to destroy pathogens through
composting. At the minimum it should be stored in direct sunlight
and turned regularly for a period of at least 6 weeks.
Septic tanks should not be constructed nor septic waste
collected unless primary and secondary treatment and safe disposal
is available.
Health and hygiene education to be provided for all users of
latrines.
Awareness campaign to maintain sanitary conditions.
-
Page 31 of 43
ANNEX 4
Procedures for Land Mine Risk Management
Background 1. The following procedures are designed to respond
to the risks caused by the presence of mines in Afghanistan, in the
context of:
Community rehabilitation/construction works to be identified and
implemented by the communities themselves (for small projects of up
to $100,000 each);
Small and medium-size works to be identified by local
authorities and implemented by local contractors (for projects up
to $5m each);
Works to be implemented directly by Government
departments/agencies, without use of contractors;
Large works to be implemented by contractors (for projects above
$5m); 2. General comment applying to all following procedures: All
risk assessment and clearance tasks shall be implemented in
coordination with the Mine Action Center for Afghanistan (MACA).
These procedures may need to be amended in the future depending on
evolving circumstances. Procedure for Community-Managed Works
Applicability: This procedure applies to community
rehabilitation / construction works to be identified and
implemented by the communities themselves (for small projects of up
to $100,000 each).
Overall approach: The communities should be responsible for
making sure that the projects they propose are not in
mine-contaminated areas, or have been cleared by MACA (or a mine
action organization accredited by MACA).
Rationale: Communities are best placed to know about mined areas
in their vicinity, and have a strong incentive to report them
accurately as they will carry out the works themselves.
3. Communities are required to submit a reply to a questionnaire
regarding the suspected presence of mines in the area where
Bank-funded community-managed projects will be implemented. This
questionnaire should be formally endorsed by the Mine Action
Program for Afghanistan (MAPA). It will be a mandatory attachment
to the project submission by the communities and should be signed
by community representatives and the external project facilitator.
External project facilitators will receive training from MAPA.
Financing agreements with the communities should make clear that
communities are solely liable in case of a mine-related
accident.
-
Page 32 of 43
4. If the community certifies that there is no known mine
contamination in the area, the ministry responsible for the
selection of projects should check with MACA whether any different
observation is reported on MACA’s data base.
If MACA’s information is the same, the project can go ahead for
selection. The community takes the full responsibility for the
assessment, and external organizations cannot be made liable in
case of an accident.
If MACA’s information is different, the project should not go
ahead for selection as long as MACA’s and community’s statements
have not been reconciled.
5. If the community suspects mine contamination in the area.
If the community has included an assessment/clearance task in
the project agreed to be implemented by MACA (or by a mine action
organization accredited by MACA), the project can go ahead for
selection.
If the community has not included an assessment / clearance task
in the project, the project should not go ahead for selection as
long as this has not been corrected.
Mine clearance tasks must be implemented by MACA or by a mine
action organization accredited by MACA. Communities will be
penalized (subsequent funding by World-Bank funded projects shall
be reduced or cancelled) if they elect to clear mines on their
own.
Procedure for Small and Medium-size Works Contracted Out
Applicability: This procedure applies to small- and medium-size
works to be identified by local authorities and implemented by
local contractors (for projects up to $5m each).
Overall approach: MACA (or a mine action organization accredited
by MACA) should provide detailed information on the mine-related
risks (either based on previously done and updated general survey
or on a new general survey) before projects are considered for
selection. Only project sites assessed to have a nil-to-low risk
would be eligible for selection, unless they have been demined by
MACA or by a mine action organization accredited by MACA.
Rationale:Neither local authorities nor local contractors have
the capacity to assess the mine-related risks in a systematic way,
while they may have incentives to underestimate them.
6. Prior to putting up a project for selection, a general survey
should be carried out by MACA (or a mine action organization
accredited by MACA) to assess mine-related risks in the area of the
project (this should include checking information available in the
MACA data base). 7. If MACA provides information suggesting a
nil-to-low risk in the proposed project area, the project can go
ahead for selection.
-
Page 33 of 43
8. The contract between the responsible ministry and the
contractor will include a clause stating that in case of an
accident, legal liability would be fully and solely borne by the
contractor. 9. If MACA assesses a potentially high risk in the area
(whether due to the presence of mines or uncertainty.
If the project includes an assessment/clearance task agreed to
be implemented by MACA (or by a mine action organization accredited
by MACA), it can go ahead for selection based on agreed funding
modalities (clearance may be funded either under a contract with a
Bank-funded project or under existing donor agreements with the
mine action organization);
If the project does not included an assessment / clearance task,
it should not go ahead for selection as long as this has not been
corrected.
Procedure for Works to be implemented Directly by Government
Departments/Agencies, Without the Use of Contractors
Applicability: This procedure applies to works to be implemented
directly by Government departments/agencies, without use of
contractors.
Overall approach: MACA (or a mine action organization accredited
by MACA) should provide detailed information on the mine-related
risks (either based on previously done and updated general survey
or on a new general survey) before works or installation of
goods/materials are carried out in any given area. Work would only
be allowed to proceed in areas assessed to have a nil-to-low risk,
unless they have been demined by a mine action organization
accredited by MACA .
Rationale:Government departments and agencies responsible for
providing services currently do not have the capacity to assess the
mine-related risks in a systematic way, and currently follow a
process of consulting with MACA prior to carrying out
activities.
10. Prior to carrying out work, the Government department/agency
will consult with MACA to assess mine-related risks in the area
(this should include checking information available in the MACA
data base). If not already done, a general survey should be carried
out by MACA (or by a mine action organization accredited by MACA)
to assess mine-related risks in the area. 11. If MACA provides
detailed information on mine-related risks which suggest a
nil-to-low risk in the proposed area, the work can proceed. The
Government would be solely liable in case of a mine-related
accident.
12. If information provided by MACA cannot support the
assessment of a nil-to-low risk in the proposed area (whether due
to the presence of mines or uncertainty), works should not go ahead
before MACA (or a mine action organization accredited by MACA)
carries out the necessary further assessment and/or clearance for
risks to be downgraded to nil-to-low, based on agreed funding
modalities (clearance may be funded either under a contract with a
Bank-funded project or under existing donor agreements with the
mine action organization).
-
Page 34 of 43
Procedure for Large Works Using Contractors
Applicability: This procedure applies to large works to be
implemented by large contractors (projects above $5m).
Overall approach: The main contractor should be responsible for
dealing with mine-related risks, in coordination with the UN Mine
Action Center.
13. As part of the preparation of the bidding documents, a
general survey should be carried out by MACA (or a mine action
organization accredited by MACA) on all the areas where contractors
may have to work (broadly defined). This survey should provide
detailed information on mine-related risks in the various areas
allowing for an un-ambiguous identification of areas that have a
nil-to-low risk of mine/UXO contamination and areas where the risk
is either higher or unknown. The survey should be financed out of
thepreparation costs of the bidding documents.
14. All survey information should be communicated to the bidders
(with sufficient legal caveats so that it does not entail any
liability), as information for the planning of their activities
(e.g., location of campsites, access roads to quarries). 15.
Depending on the nature and location of the project and on the
available risk assessment, two different options can be used.
Option 1 – Mine clearance activities are part of the general
contract
a. Based on the general survey results, a specific budget
provision for mine action during construction is set aside as a
separate provisional sum in the tender documents for the general
contract.
b. As a separately identified item in their bid, the bidders
include a provision for a further detailed mine assessment and
clearance during construction.
c. On the instruction of the Supervision Engineer and drawing on
the specific provisional sum for mine action in the contract, the
contractor uses one of several nominated sub-contractors (or a mine
action organization accredited by MACA) to be rapidly available on
call, to carry out assessment prior to initiation of physical works
in potentially contaminated areas, and to conduct clearance tasks
as he finds may be needed. The Contractor may also hire an
international specialist to assist him in preparing and supervising
these tasks. The Contractor is free to chose which of the
accredited sub-contractors to use, and he is fully responsible for
the quality of the works and is solely liable in case of accident
after an area has been demined.
To avoid an “over-use” of the budget provision, the Contractor
is required to inform the Supervision Engineer in writing (with a
clear justification of the works to be carried out) well in advance
of mobilizing the mine-clearing team. The Supervision Engineer has
the capacity to object to such works. Option 2 – Mine clearance
activities are carried out under a separate contract
a. Specific, separately-awarded contracts are issued for further
surveying and/or clearing of areas with a not-nil-to-low risk
(under the supervision of the Engineer) by specialized contractors
(or
-
Page 35 of 43
a mine action organization accredited by MACA). The definition
of the areas to be further surveyed/cleared should be limited to
those areas where any contractor would have to work, and should not
include areas such as camp sites and quarries/material sites which
are to be identified by the Contractor during and after bidding of
the works. As a result of these further surveys and possibly
clearance works, mine-related risk in the entire contract area is
downgraded tonil-to-low.
b. The contract with the general Contractor specifies the extent
of the portion of the construction site of which the Contractor is
to be given possession from time to time, clearly indicating
restrictions of access to areas where the mine risk is not
nil-to-low. It also indicates the target dates at which these areas
will be accessible. Following receipt of the notice to commence
works from the Engineer, the Contractor can start work in all other
areas.
c. The general Contractor is invited to include in its bid an
amount for mine-security, to cover any
additional survey / clearance he may feel necessary to undertake
the works.
In case of an accident, a Board of Inquiry is assembled by MACA
to investigate on the causes of the accident and determine
liabilities. Large penalties should be applied on the Contractor if
the Board determines that the accident resulted from a breach of
safety rules. All parties involved in this process are required to
closely coordinate with MACA and to provide the Government, local
communities, MACA, as well as any interested party the full
available information on mine-related risks that may reasonably be
required (e.g., maps of identified minefields, assessments for
specific areas).
-
Page 36 of 43
ANNEX 5
Environmental and Social Guidelines for Contractors
The following guidelines should be added to the ESMF and
included in the contractual agreements:
Installation of the work site on areas far enough from water
points, houses and sensitive areas;
Sanitary equipment and installations;
Site regulation (what is allowed and not allowed on work
sites);
Compliance with laws, rules and other permits in vigor;
Inform the client if land is found to be contaminated;
Hygiene and security on work sites;
Protect neighboring properties;
Preserve existing fauna and flora;
Ensure the permanence of the traffic and access of neighboring
populations during the works to avoid hindrance to traffic;
Protect and provide health and safety measures to staff working
on work sites;
Soil, surface and groundwater protection: avoid any wastewater
discharge, oil spi1l and discharge of any type of pollutants on
soils, in surface or ground waters, in sewers and drainage
ditches;
Protect the environment against exhaust fuels and oils;
Protect the environment against dust and other solid
residues;
Waste management: install containers to collect the wastes
generated next to the areas of activity;
Degradation/demolition of private properties: inform and raise
the awareness of the populations before any activity causing
degradation of natural vegetation and resources. Compensate
beneficiaries before any work;
Use a quarry of materials according to the mining code
requirements;
Compensation planting in case of deforestation or tree
felling;
No waste slash and burn on site;
Speed limitation of work site vehicles and cars;
Allow the access of Public and emergency services;
Organize the storage of materials;
Organize parking and displacements of machines;
Footbridges and access of neighbors;
Signaling of works;
Respect of cultural sites;
Safe Disposal of asbestos;
Consider impacts such as noise, dust, and safety concerns on the
surrounding population and schedule construction activities
accordingly;
Protect soil surfaces during construction and re-vegetate or
physically stabilize eligible surfaces;
Ensure proper drainage;
-
Page 37 of 43
Prevent standing water in open construction pits, quarries or
fill areas to avoid potential contamination of the water table and
the development of a habitat for disease-carrying vectors and
insects;
Select sustainable construction materials and construction
method;
Control and clean the construction site daily;
During construction, control dust by using water or through
other means;
Provide adequate waste disposal and sanitation services at the
construction site;
Dispose of oil and solid waste materials appropriately;
Preserve natural habitats along streams, steep slopes, and
ecologically sensitive areas;
Develop maintenance and reclamation plans and restore
vegetation.
Ensure no blockage of access to households during construction
and/or provide alternative access.
Camps should be located 500 m from habitations.
Ensure security and privacy of women and households in close
proximity to the camps.
-
Page 38 of 43
ANNEX 6: DRAFT Grievance Redress Mechanism
Grievances are any complaints or suggestions about the way a
project is being implemented and or any complaint relating to
environmental & Social Safeguards issues. They may take the
form of specific complaints for damages/injury, concerns about
routine project activities, or complaint regarding adverse or
negative impact. Identifying and responding to grievances supports
the development of positive relationships between projects and
affected groups/communities, and contractors. Objectives: The main
objective of a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) is to provide an
efficient way to address concerns and grievances, mediate conflict
and cut down on lengthy litigation, which often delays project
civil work. The procedures for grievance handling will provide
people who might have objections, grievances or concerns, a venue
for raising their grievances and concerns, as well as a mechanism
for timely and adequate solution or mitigation of these grievances
and concerns. Submission of Grievances: At each school and
dormitory, information will be displayed at public places regarding
how and where to submit grievances (verbally as well as written
complaints should be registered). Furthermore, a hot line to ASDP
level will be established, and information of grievance submission
and redressal will be included in the project website. All
grievances will be recorded in a central database and complainants
will receive a receipt and information about when to expect initial
response (within 2 weeks of submission) from the local Grievance
Redress Committee. If a grievance cannot be resolved at local level
(school/dormitory), it will be referred to cent