PAKISTAN IRAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamyan Daykundi Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghor Hilmand Hirat Jawzjan Kabul Kandahar Kapisa Khost Kunar Kunduz Laghman Logar Nangarhar Nimroz Nuristan Paktika Paktya Pnjshr. Parwan Samangan Sar-e-Pul Takhar Uruzgan Wardak Zabul PAKISTAN IRAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamyan Daykundi Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghor Hilmand Hirat Jawzjan Kabl. Kandahar Kapisa Khost Kunr. Kunduz Laghmn. Logar Nngr. Nimroz Nuristan Paktika Paktya Pnjshr. Parwan Samangan Sar-e-Pul Takhar Uruzgan Wardak Zabul Malestan Jaghuri Jaghatu Rshd. Nawur Jalrez Jaghatu Hesa-e-Aw-e-B. Markaz-e-Behsud Miramor Ashtarlay Waras Panjab Bamyan Surkh-e-Parsa Dara / Ab Shar Barg-e-Matal Poruns Mandol Paryan Khenj(H-e-A). Shekhali Yakawlang Lal Wa Sarjangal Sang-e-Takht Shahrak Du Layna Chaghcharan Dawlat Yar Kohestanat Raghestan Kofab Kohestan Shaki Darwaz Darw-e-B. Shighnan Arghnjk. Shuhada Warduj Eshkm. Wakhan Koran Wa Monjan Yamgan Tagab Pul-e-Hesar Warsaj Khadir Ajrestan Qala Kah Ps. Rod Shib Koh Farah Kang Zaranj Bakwa Reg Spinboldak Panjwayi Kndhr./Dand Zheray Arghestan Maruf Ghorak Khakrez Arghndb. Daman Nesh Shahwalikot Miyanshin Dehrawud Shahid-e-Hassas Tirinkot Chora / Chinarto Khasuruzgan Tarnak Wa Jaldak Mizan Atghar Daychopan Arghandab Qalat M. Kakar Shahjoy Shinkay Nawbahar Gelan Muqur Abband Giro Qarabagh Andar Waghz. Dehyak Ghazni Znkhn. Kh. Shomulzay Nawa Turwo Wormamay Wazakhah Dila Zrghn. Janikhel Yhyk. Omna Bermel Gy. Urgun Ziruk Sarrawzah Yosufkhel Sharan Mtkhn. Spera Tani S. Grbz. Khost(Mt). Ndrshh. B. Jjmyd. Sbr. Mskhl. Ql. Chm. J. Alkh.(J). Ahm. Sy./Mr. Zadrn. Zurmat Kharwar Gardez Azra Khoshi Chr. Brk. Pul-e-Al. Mohammadagha Nerkh M. Saydabad Chak Daymirdad Hesarak Shrz. Khgyn. Dhbl. Chpr. Srkhr. Achin Kt. Nz. Rodt. Durbb. Mh. Dr. Nili Shahrestan Sayghan Pgh. Ch. Kabul Bgr. Kha-e-J. Dehsabz Shkr. F. E. Qr. Ch. Koh-e-Sf. Bagrm. J. Surobi Lalpur Goshta Bhsd. Km. Kzk. K. Nejrab Tagab Alasy. Dawlatshah Alishang Qarghayi Mhtrl./Bad Pash Alingar R. Duab Nurgl. Khsknr. Sr. Ch. Nr. M. Chapdr. Dar-e-P. Wtp. Dn. Nari Br. Ghazibd. Wam. Nurgeram Waygal Kamdesh Pchrgm. Khashrod / Dularam Chakhansur Charburjak Deh-e-Shu Reg Garmser Nad-e-Ali / Marja Na-e-B. Washer Nahr-e-Saraj Nawzad Musaqlh. Sangin Kajaki Bazrk. Shtl. Shorabak Gomal Lash Wa Juwayn Terezy. Salang Shinwari Ghorband Shibar Kahmard Bala Buluk Gulistan Khaki Safed Anar Dara Sarb. B. Gulran Kohsan Kushk Kushki Kohna Ghoryan Zinda Jan Adraskan Pashtun Zarghun Farsi Obe Chishti Sharif Karukh Injil Guzara Muqur Ab Kamari Qadis Jawand Bala Murghab Ghormach Almar Kohestan Garziwan Bilcheragh Pashtunkot M. Khwjsbzps. Shirintagab Dawlatabad Qaramqol Qorghan Khan-e-C. Bagh Darzab Qushtepa Shiberghan Andk. Khwajadukoh Khanaqa Fayzabad Mardyan A. Mingajik Qarqin Khamyab Saghar Taywara Tulak Charsadra Shortepa Kaldar Dawlatabad Khulm Marmul Charkent Dhd. Balkh Charblk. Chemtal Sholgareh Keshendeh Zari Feroznakhchir Dara-e Suf-e-Bala Ruy-e-Duab Khuram Wa Sarbagh Sar-e-Pul Sayad Sozmql. Gosfandi Sancharak Balkhab Qala-e-Zal Chardarah Emamsaheb Dasht-e-Arc. Kunduz Aliabad Khanabd. Baghlan-e-Jadid Burka Dahana-e-Ghori Pul-e-Kh. Doshi Nahrin Khwjhjr. Andarab Khenjan Tala Wa barfak G-e-N. Dehsalah Eshkashem Chal Nmkb. Farkhar Bangi Bhr. Hzrsm. Taloqan Kalfgn. Rostaq Khw. Drq. Yn. Ql. Chahab Shahr-e-Bz. Yawan Khwahan Yaftal-e-Sfl. Fyzbd. Khs. Argo Darayem Teshkan Bahrk. Jorm Zebak Keshem Khwj. Khost Wa Fereng Hazrat-e-Sultan Dara-e-Suf-e-Payin Aybak Pur Chaman Shindand Qal-i-N. Pasaband Qaysar Nahr-e-Shahi Baghran Kajran Maywand Lashkargah Kiti Gizab / Patoo 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2 3 3 3 2 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 2 4 4 3 3 5 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 2 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 4 4 5 5 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 4 3 2 2 3 4 4 5 4 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 3 2 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 2 2 2 4 4 2 3 2 2 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 2 3 2 2 4 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 4 4 4 5 5 4 5 5 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 5 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 5 5 5 4 5 3 4 5 3 3 3 5 4 3 3 4 3 2 2 3 3 2 2 4 5 4 5 PAKISTAN IRAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamyan Daykundi Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghor Hilmand Hirat Jawzjan Kabl. Kandahar K. Khst. Kunar Kunduz Lg. Logar Nn. Nimroz Nuristan Paktika Pkty. Pnj. Prw. Samangan Sar-e-Pul Takhar Uruzgan Wardak Zabul Qala Kah P. R. Shib Koh Farah Kang Zaranj Bakwa Reg Spinboldak Panjwayi Kn./D. Zhry. Arghestan Maruf Ghorak Khakrez Argh. Daman Nesh Shahwalikot Miynshn. Dehrawd. Shahid-e-Hs. Tirinkot Chor./Chnr. Khasuruzgan Trn. Wa Jld. Mizan Atgh. Daychopan Arghnd. Qalat Kakar Shahjoy Shinkay Nwbhr. Malestan Gelan Muqr. Jaghuri Abband Giro Qarabagh Andar Wgh. Jaghatu Rsh. Dehyk. Gh. Znk. Kh. Shomulzay Nawur Nawa Turwo Wormamay Wazakhah Dila Zrgh. Janikhel Yh. O. Bermel Gy. Urg. Z. Srrwz. Yosufkhel Sharn. Mtk. Spr. Tani S. Gr. Ndr. Jjm. Sbr. Msk. C. J. Ah. Zdr. Zurmat Khrwr. Gardez Azra Khsh. Chr. Brkb. Pul. Mhmmdg. Nrkh. M. Jalrez Sydb. Jaght. Chak Dymr. H-e-A-e-B. Markaz-e-Behsud Hesrk. Sh. Khg. Dh. C. Srkhrd. Achin K. N. Rodt. Drb. Nili Miramor Shahrestan Ashtarlay Waras Panjab Bamyan Sayghan Surkh-e-Parsa Pgh. Ch. Kb. Bgr. Dhsb. Sh. Bgr. Surobi Lalpur Gosht. B. Km. Kzkn. K. Nj. Tagb. Alsy. Dwltsh. Alshn. Qarghayi Mh./Bad P. Alingr. Dr./Ab S. Dub. Nr. Khs. C. Nr. Chp. W. D. Nari Ghzb. W. Nurgrm. Wygl. Kamdesh Pch. Khashrod / Dularam Chakhansur Charburjak Deh-e-Shu Reg Garmser Nad-e-Ali / Marja Washer Nahr-e-Srj. Nawzad Msql. Sng. Kajaki Bzr. S. Shorabak Gomal Lash Wa Juwayn Trz. Barg-e-Matal Poruns Mandol Paryan Slng. Shn. Ghrbn. Shekhali Shibar Kahmard Yakawlang Lal Wa Sarjangal Sang-e-Takht Bala Buluk Gulistan Khak. Sfd. Anar Dara Sr. B. Gulran Kohsan Kushk Ksh. Khn. Ghoryan Zinda Jan Adraskan Pashtn. Zrghn. Farsi Obe Chishti Sharif Karukh Injil Guzara Muqur Ab Kamari Qadis Jawand Bala Murghab Ghrmch. Almar Kohestan Garziwan Bilcheragh Pashtunkot Khwjsb. Shirintagab Dawlatabad Qaramqol Qrghn. Darzab Qshtp. Shiberghan A. Khwajadukoh Khn. Fayzbd. Mrdyn. A. Mingjk. Qarqin Khmy. Saghar Taywara Tulak Shahrak Du Layna Charsadra Chaghcharan Dawlat Yar Shortepa Kaldar Dawlatabad Khulm Marml. Charkent D. Balkh Chr. Chemtal Sholgareh Kshndh. Zari Frznkhc. Dara-e Suf-e-Bl. Ruy-e-Duab Khrm. Wa Srbg. Sar-e-Pul Sayad Sz. Gsf. Snchrk. Balkhab Kohestanat Qala-e-Zal Chardarah Emamsaheb Dasht. Kunduz Albd. Khnb. Baghlan-e-Jdd. Burka Daha-e-G. Doshi Nahrin Khw. Andarb. Khenjan Tala Wa barfak Dehslh. Eshksh. Ch. Nm. Farkhar Bangi Bhr. Hzr. Taloqan Klfg. Rostaq Kh. D. Chahb. S-e-B. Ywn. Raghestan Khwahn. Kofab Ya-e-S. Khstn. Shak. Darwaz Shighnan Arg. Fyz. Shuhada K. Argo Drym. Teshkn. Bhr. Warduj Jorm Zebak Esh. Wakhan Koran Wa Monjan Yamgan Kshm. Tagab Kh. Khst. Wa Frn. Pul-e-Hs. Hazrat-e-Sl. Dar-e-S-e-P. Aybak Warsaj Pur Chaman Shindand Pasaband Qaysar Na-e-S. Baghran Kajran Maywand Lashkrgh. Kiti Khadir Gizab / Patoo Ajrestan AFGHANISTAN: Extreme Winter Characterization Minimum Temperature (Deg. C.) Average Monthly Minimum -38 to -30 -29 to -21 -20 to -17 -16 to -12 -11 to -7 -6 to -3 -2 to 1 2 to 6 7 to 10 11 to 13 Minimum Temperature (December to March) Disclaimers: The designations employed and the presentation of material on this map do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Date Printed: 05 November 2013 11:46 PM Data Source(s): AGCHO, CSO, Landscan 2010 Doc Name: Afg_Extreme_Winter_201311NOV02_A0 Feedback: [email protected] Website: http://afg.humanitarianresponse.info/ Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS-84 PAKISTAN IRAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamyan Daykundi Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghor Hilmand Hirat Jawzjan Kabl. Kandahar Kps. Khst. Kunar Kunduz Lg. Logar Nn. Nimroz Nuristan Paktika Pkty. Pnj. Prw. Samangan Sar-e-Pul Takhar Uruzgan Wardak Zabul Qala Kah P. R. Shib Koh Farah Kang Zaranj Bakwa Reg Spinboldak Panjwayi Kn./D. Zhry. Arghestan Maruf Ghorak Khakrez Argh. Daman Nesh Shahwalikot Miynshn. Dehrawd. Shahid-e-Hs. Tirinkot Chor./Chnr. Khasuruzgan Trn. Wa Jld. Mizan Atgh. Daychopan Arghnd. Qalat Kakar Shahjoy Shinkay Nwbhr. Malestan Gelan Muqr. Jaghuri Abband Giro Qarabagh Andar Wgh. Jaghatu Rsh. Dehyk. Gh. Znk. Kh. Shomulzay Nawur Nawa Turwo Wormamay Wazakhah Dila Zrgh. Janikhel Yh. O. Bermel Gy. Urg. Z. Srrwz. Yosufkhel Sharn. Mtk. Spr. Tani S. Gr. Ndr. Jjm. Sbr. Msk. C. J. Ah. Zdr. Zurmat Khrwr. Gardez Azra Khsh. Chr. Brkb. Pul. Mhmmdg. Nrkh. M. Jalrez Sydb. Jaght. Chak Dymr. H-e-A-e-B. Markaz-e-Behsud Hesrk. Sh. Khg. Dh. C. Srkhrd. Achin K. N. Rodt. Drb. Nili Miramor Shahrestan Ashtarlay Waras Panjab Bamyan Sayghan Surkh-e-Parsa Pgh. Ch. Kb. Bgr. Dhsb. Sh. Bgr. Surobi Lalpur Gosht. B. Km. Kzkn. K. Njrb. Tagb. Alsy. Dwltsh. Alshn. Qarghayi Mh./Bad P. Alingr. Dr./Ab S. Dub. Nr. Khs. C. Nr. Chp. W. D. Nari Ghzb. W. Nurgrm. Wygl. Kamdesh Pch. Khashrod / Dularam Chakhansur Charburjak Deh-e-Shu Reg Garmser Nad-e-Ali / Marja Washer Nahr-e-Srj. Nawzad Msql. Sng. Kajaki Bzr. S. Shorabak Gomal Lash Wa Juwayn Trz. Barg-e-Matal Poruns Mandol Paryan Slng. Shn. Ghrbn. Shekhali Shibar Kahmard Yakawlang Lal Wa Sarjangal Sang-e-Takht Bala Buluk Gulistan Khak. Sfd. Anar Dara Sr. B. Gulran Kohsan Kushk Ksh. Khn. Ghoryan Zinda Jan Adraskan Pashtn. Zrghn. Farsi Obe Chishti Sharif Karukh Injil Guzara Muqur Ab Kamari Qadis Jawand Bala Murghab Ghrmch. Almar Kohestan Garziwan Bilcheragh Pashtunkot Khwjsb. Shirintagab Dawlatabad Qaramqol Qrghn. Darzab Qshtp. Shiberghan A. Khwajadukoh Khn. Fayzbd. Mrdyn. A. Mingjk. Qarqin Khmy. Saghar Taywara Tulak Shahrak Du Layna Charsadra Chaghcharan Dawlat Yar Shortepa Kaldar Dawlatabad Khulm Marml. Charkent D. Balkh Chr. Chemtal Sholgareh Kshndh. Zari Frznkhc. Dara-e Suf-e-Bl. Ruy-e-Duab Khrm. Wa Srbg. Sar-e-Pul Sayad Sz. Gsf. Snchrk. Balkhab Kohestanat Qala-e-Zal Chardarah Emamsaheb Dasht. Kunduz Albd. Khnb. Baghlan-e-Jdd. Burka Daha-e-G. Doshi Nahrin Khw. Andarb. Khenjan Tala Wa barfak Dehslh. Eshksh. Ch. Nm. Farkhar Bangi Bhr. Hzr. Taloqan Klfg. Rostaq Kh. D. Chahb. S-e-B. Ywn. Raghestan Khwahn. Kofab Ya-e-S. Khstn. Shak. Darwaz Shighnan Arg. Fyz. Shuhada K. Argo Drym. Teshkn. Bhr. Warduj Jorm Zebak Esh. Wakhan Koran Wa Monjan Yamgan Kshm. Tagab Kh. Khst. Wa Frn. Pul-e-Hs. Hazrat-e-Sl. Dar-e-S-e-P. Aybak Warsaj Pur Chaman Shindand Pasaband Qaysar Na-e-S. Baghran Kajran Maywand Lashkrgh. Kiti Khadir Gizab / Patoo Ajrestan Snow Fall Rate (kg/m2/day) Highest rate from 2004 to 2013 0 - 0.16 0.17 - 0.55 0.56 - 1.04 1.05 - 1.65 1.66 - 2.22 2.23 - 2.8 2.81 - 3.43 3.44 - 4.12 4.13 - 4.8 4.81 - 7 Highest Snowfall Rate (2004 to 2013) PAKISTAN IRAN TURKMENISTAN UZBEKISTAN TAJIKISTAN Badakhshan Badghis Baghlan Balkh Bamyan Daykundi Farah Faryab Ghazni Ghor Hilmand Hirat Jawzjan Kabl. Kandahar Kps. Khst. Kunar Kunduz Lg. Logar Nn. Nimroz Nuristan Paktika Pkty. Pnj. Prw. Samangan Sar-e-Pul Takhar Uruzgan Wardak Zabul Qala Kah P. R. Shib Koh Farah Kang Zaranj Bakwa Reg Spinboldak Panjwayi Kn./D. Zhry. Arghestan Maruf Ghorak Khakrez Argh. Daman Nesh Shahwalikot Miynshn. Dehrawd. Shahid-e-Hs. Tirinkot Chor./Chnr. Khasuruzgan Trn. Wa Jld. Mizan Atgh. Daychopan Arghnd. Qalat Kakar Shahjoy Shinkay Nwbhr. Malestan Gelan Muqr. Jaghuri Abband Giro Qarabagh Andar Wgh. Jaghatu Rsh. Dehyk. Gh. Znk. Kh. Shomulzay Nawur Nawa Turwo Wormamay Wazakhah Dila Zrgh. Janikhel Yh. O. Bermel Gy. Urg. Z. Srrwz. Yosufkhel Sharn. Mtk. Spr. Tani S. Gr. Ndr. Jjm. Sbr. Msk. C. J. Ah. Zdr. Zurmat Khrwr. Gardez Azra Khsh. Chr. Brkb. Pul. Mhmmdg. Nrkh. M. Jalrez Sydb. Jaght. Chak Dymr. H-e-A-e-B. Markaz-e-Behsud Hesrk. Sh. Khg. Dh. C. Srkhrd. Achin K. N. Rodt. Drb. Nili Miramor Shahrestan Ashtarlay Waras Panjab Bamyan Sayghan Surkh-e-Parsa Pgh. Ch. Kb. Bgr. Dhsb. Sh. Bgr. Surobi Lalpur Gosht. B. Km. Kzkn. K. Njrb. Tagb. Alsy. Dwltsh. Alshn. Qarghayi Mh./Bad P. Alingr. Dr./Ab S. Dub. Nr. Khs. C. Nr. Chp. W. D. Nari Ghzb. W. Nurgrm. Wygl. Kamdesh Pch. Khashrod / Dularam Chakhansur Charburjak Deh-e-Shu Reg Garmser Nad-e-Ali / Marja Washer Nahr-e-Srj. Nawzad Msql. Sng. Kajaki Bzr. S. Shorabak Gomal Lash Wa Juwayn Trz. Barg-e-Matal Poruns Mandol Paryan Slng. Shn. Ghrbn. Shekhali Shibar Kahmard Yakawlang Lal Wa Sarjangal Sang-e-Takht Bala Buluk Gulistan Khak. Sfd. Anar Dara Sr. B. Gulran Kohsan Kushk Ksh. Khn. Ghoryan Zinda Jan Adraskan Pashtn. Zrghn. Farsi Obe Chishti Sharif Karukh Injil Guzara Muqur Ab Kamari Qadis Jawand Bala Murghab Ghrmch. Almar Kohestan Garziwan Bilcheragh Pashtunkot Khwjsb. Shirintagab Dawlatabad Qaramqol Qrghn. Darzab Qshtp. Shiberghan A. Khwajadukoh Khn. Fayzbd. Mrdyn. A. Mingjk. Qarqin Khmy. Saghar Taywara Tulak Shahrak Du Layna Charsadra Chaghcharan Dawlat Yar Shortepa Kaldar Dawlatabad Khulm Marml. Charkent D. Balkh Chr. Chemtal Sholgareh Kshndh. Zari Frznkhc. Dara-e Suf-e-Bl. Ruy-e-Duab Khrm. Wa Srbg. Sar-e-Pul Sayad Sz. Gsf. Snchrk. Balkhab Kohestanat Qala-e-Zal Chardarah Emamsaheb Dasht. Kunduz Albd. Khnb. Baghlan-e-Jdd. Burka Daha-e-G. Doshi Nahrin Khw. Andarb. Khenjan Tala Wa barfak Dehslh. Eshksh. Ch. Nm. Farkhar Bangi Bhr. Hzr. Taloqan Klfg. Rostaq Kh. D. Chahb. S-e-B. Ywn. Raghestan Khwahn. Kofab Ya-e-S. Khstn. Shak. Darwaz Shighnan Arg. Fyz. Shuhada K. Argo Drym. Teshkn. Bhr. Warduj Jorm Zebak Esh. Wakhan Koran Wa Monjan Yamgan Kshm. Tagab Kh. Khst. Wa Frn. Pul-e-Hs. Hazrat-e-Sl. Dar-e-S-e-P. Aybak Warsaj Pur Chaman Shindand Pasaband Qaysar Na-e-S. Baghran Kajran Maywand Lashkrgh. Kiti Khadir Gizab / Patoo Ajrestan Occurance of High Snow Persistence (Index Score) 0.0 - 0.1 0.2 - 0.3 0.4 - 0.7 0.8 - 1.5 1.6 - 2.6 2.7 - 3.7 3.8 - 4.9 5.0 - 6.0 6.1 - 6.8 6.9 - 9.0 High Snow Cover Persistence (2007 to 2013) Administrative Centres Capital Provincial Center Population Exposed to Extreme Winter Conditions (Individuals) 500 or Less 501 - 5,000 5,001 - 10,000 10,001 - 25,000 25,001 - 50,000 50,001 - 89,132 Extreme Winter District Rank Very Low (1) Low (2) Medium (3) High (4) Very High (5) Exposed Population & District Ranking Extreme Winter Zone Population Distribution (2010)* (Persons per sqkm) 4,000 or more 2,001 - 4,000 1,001 - 2,000 501 - 1,000 101 - 500 1 - 100 No Population Extreme Winter Zone & Population Density Minimum Temperature Notes: 1) This data was generated from World Climate data, which provides monthly averages from 1950 to 2000 (http://www.worldclim.org/). 30 second arc grid cell size. 2) The minimum temperature shown in this map is the average of the minimum temperatures for the months of December, January, February and March. 3) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the minimum temperature range (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10. 4) The minimum temperature score was combined with the snowfall rate and high snow coverage scores to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information). Snow Fall Rate Notes: 1) The snow fall data was sourced from the Global Land Data Assimilation System (1 degree resolution), NASA Giovanni Project (http://gdata1.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/daac-bin/G3/gui.cgi?instance_id=GLDAS10_M). 2) The GLDAS data provided an average snow fall rate for the period from December to March (i.e. for each winter) from 2004 to 2013. IDW was used to interpolate the data to the working grid cell size of 500m. 3) Th highest snow fall rate was based on the maximum of the winter average snow fall rates (i.e. average snowfall rates from December to March) that occured from 2004 to 2013. 4) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the highest snowfall rate range (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10. 5) The highest snowfall rate score was combined with the minimum temperature and high snow coverage scores to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information). Snow Persistence Notes: 1) Occurance of high snow cover for the period 2007 to 2013. 2) Snow cover data are derived from MODIS (MOD10L2) snow products, provided by the NSIDC DAAC and processed by ITHACA (http://www.ithacaweb.org/). 3) High snow cover persistence was derived from the average occurance of high snow coverage (based on the ITHACA 8-day synthesis) for the months December, January, February and March for the years 2007 to 2013. A seasonal occurance of high snow cover (i.e. an index score) was then derived by combining the average monthly occurance. 4) Natural breaks (Jenks) were used to normalize (reclassify) the index score (i.e. minimum to maximum values) within Afghanistan to a score (i.e. new value) of 1 to 10. 5) The high snow cover persistence score was combined with the minimum temperature and highest snowfall rate to calculate the overall extreme winter condition score (see notes on the extreme winter area for futher information). Extreme Winter Zone Notes: 1) The area of extreme winter was developed using a multi-criteria approach. The overall extreme winter score was constructed from aforementioned factors, including minimum temperature (1950 to 2000), occurance of high snow cover persistence (ITHACA 2007 to 2013), and highest snow fall rates (GLDAS 2004 to 2013). Based on temporal averages from December to March the data was normalised on a scale of 1 to 10 and combined to form an overall extreme winter score. Minimum temperature and high snow cover persistence were assigned a weighting of 2, while the snow fall rate was only assigned a weight of 1 due to the coarse spatial resolution. 2) Zones of very high, high, medium, low and very low winter conditions were derived based on natural breaks (Jenks) of the extreme winter score. Only the zone of very high (extreme) winter conditions is shown above. 3) Readers should refer to the Humanitarian Response website for further background. Population Density Data Sources and Notes: 1) LandScan is the finest resolution global population distribution data, which was released in 2010. 2) LandScan population distribution represents an ambient population, which integrates diurnal movements and collective travel habits into a single measure averaged over 24 hours. Exposed Population and District Ranking Notes: 1) This map shows the number of individuals exposed to only the extreme winter conditions. 2) The population exposed to the extreme winter conditions were dervied from the Landscan 2010 dataset and have been presented on a district wise basis. Considering the limitations of the analysis, only districts with at least 500 individuals exposed to the extreme winter conditions have been displayed. 3) The relative district ranking was calculated from the grid of the extreme winter score, i.e. a geographical average within the district boundary. The rank of 1 to 5 translates to "Very Low" to "Very High". 0 100 200 50 kms 1:4,500,000 Scale (at A0) 0 100 200 50 kms 1:2,850,000 Scale (at A0)