Adverb (dhammarama

Presented by:

Ven.B. Dhammarama

100 level

Sri Lanka International Buddhist Academy

CONTENT…

An adverb is a word that tells us more

information about a verb. It qualifies or

modifies a verb.

WHAT IS AN ADVERB

The man runs fast

The man = Subject Runs = Verb

Fast = Adverb

In pāli grammar Adverbs are also appeared as

noun. These adverbial nouns should be in neuter

gender in Accusative or Instrumental singular

form.

There is no matter about the Person, Tense and

Number of word

ADVERB IN PĀLI

Kriyā visesanaŋ yāva - taŋ sabbamhi napuŋsake Siyā ca eka vacanaŋ – yathā bhikkhū sukhaŋ țhitaŋ

- Bālāvatāra

ACCUSATIVE CASE

(DUTIYĀ) Accusative case is very much used Adverbially

So sanikaŋ gacchati - Te sanikaŋ gacchanti.

He goes slowly. They go slowly.

Tvaŋ sanikaŋ gacchasi - Tumhe sanikaŋ gacchatha.

You go slowly. You go slowly.

Ahaŋ sanikaŋ gacchāmi - Mayaŋ sanikaŋ gacchāma.

I go slowly. We go slowly.

INSTRUMENTAL CASE

(TATIYĀ) Instrumental case is very much used Adverbially

Sīlavanto bhikkhu sukhena viharati.

(virtues monk lives comfort)

Mayhaŋ putto sādhukaŋ sayati.

(my son sleeps well)

karuṇāvati itthi komalena āmantai.

(kind woman speaks softly)

CLASSIFICATION OF

ADVERB There are three classification of Adverb as

Adverb of Time

Adverb of Place

Adverb of Manner

Kadā = When

Ekadā = One day/once

Hīyo = Yesterday

Sadā = Ever/always

Tattha = There

Ettha = Here

Kuhiŋ = where

Kuto = From where

Sīghaŋ = Quickly

Sanikaŋ = slowly

Anupubbena = Gradually

Dukkhaŋ = (with) Difficulty

There are three categorization of Adverb as

CLASSIFICATION OF

ADVERB

Demonstrative

Relative

Interrogative

Atra

Ettha

Idha

Iha

Tatra

Tahiŋ

Here

There

Yatra

Yattha

Yahiŋ

Yato = From where

From what

Where

Where ever

Kutra

Kattha

Kuhiŋ

Kahaŋ

Kuto = From where

From what

Where

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other

adverbs. Modify means to add or change the

meaning of a word.

As well as,

It tell us where the action happened, when the

action happened, extend of the action like that.

May The Triple Gem Bless You…!

CONCLUSION

Ananda Maitreya Maha Thera Balangoda, Pali made easy,

(page no: 12), Buddhist Cultural Center, Nadimala, Colombo.

Prof.Buddhadatta Maha Thera Polwatte, The New Pali Course,

(page: 28, 39, 75), Buddhist Cultural Center, Nadimala,

Colombo.

Mahanama Thero Kaluvachchemulle, Balavathara Sanna

Sahitha, Rathna Book Publication. Colombo.

REFERENCES

Thank you