Advances in Wireless April 29, 2002 1

Advances in Wireless April 29, 2002 1

A 4G vision A 4G vision Nicolas Demassieux

European Communication Research Labs

Motorola Labs

May 15, 2002

Mai 15, 2002 2A 4G vision

Outline

• Where is value for Next Generation Cellular ?• Quick overview of Motorola research on “Beyond 3G”

• What lessons from 3G ? • What 4G should look like?


Trend #1 : Bandwidth - Personal WirelessTrend #1 : Bandwidth - Personal Wireless

100

1 000

10 000

100 000

1 000 000

10 000 000

100 000 000

1 000 000 000

10 000 000 000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

bps

GPRS

3G

4G

2G

3.5G


Trend #2 : Variety of technologiesTrend #2 : Variety of technologiesTrend #2 : Variety of technologiesTrend #2 : Variety of technologies

1990 2000 2010

GSM(2G)

W-CDMA(3G)

GPRS/EDGE(2.5G)

• The future path has fractured into a number of possibilities• Operators and vendors must create viable strategies to prosper within this complexity

4G

3G+

3G &WLAN

3G &WLAN &Brdcst

3G+ &WLAN

3G &WLAN &Ad-hoc

3G+ &WLAN &Ad-hoc

4G &WLAN

4G &WLAN &Brdcst

4G &WLAN &Ad-hoc

2.5G &WLAN


kbps

Increasing Total Value

Where is value for next generation?

3G2.5G2G9.6 32 64 128 144 384 2,000

Video Streaming

VoiceAudio Streaming

MMSE-mail

Mobile Radio

Mobile Video Conferencing

E-Commerce

Video On Demand

3.5G 4G

Shared Environments

Increasing bandwidth for users and capacity for carriers

Unchanged value chain & business modelsPOC (Plain Old Cellular)In

cre

asi

ng s

cope

of u

se a

nd

app

lica

tions

op

po

rtu

niti

es Cellular / WLAN/Broadcast• Telecom / Broadcast

convergence• True Anything, Anywhere,

Anytime experience

Cellular / WLAN• Wireless / Wireline

competition• Seamless mobility• Office / Wide area roaming• Home / Wide area roaming

Ne

w v

alu

e ch

ain

&

bus

ine

ss m

od

els


Motorola Labs Research - OverviewMotorola Labs Research - OverviewMotorola Labs Research - OverviewMotorola Labs Research - Overview

Broadband Wireless:• Research on mobile broadband wireless

communications (anywhere access) and services beyond the capability of 3rd Generation cellular systems

Research Programs:• B3G (Beyond 3G)

• digital broadcasting/WLAN + 2G/3G Cellular• testbed for composite radio systems

• 4G System Design• revolutionary air interface technology operating in new spectrum allocations

• WLAN System Design• improvement of WLAN technology and development of WLAN based wireless system in complement to Cellular

1X

3XCap

acit

y >10X10X

2000 2005 2010

3G-r99

3.5G4G

3.5G

GSM(2G)

W-CDMA(3G)

GPRS(2.5G)

4G

‘90 ‘00 ‘10


B3G VisionB3G VisionB3G VisionB3G Vision

DVB-T

UMTSGPRS

WLAN

Ipv6 Backbone(s)

InternetIPv4IPv6

Services

Management domain

A moving IP- subnet

Composite Radio Ressource

management(Spectrum utilization,

links/traffic optimization)

Composite Domain Management

(mobility, QoS, multicast, AAA)

Composite Service Delivery management

(Billing, …)

Management Functions

Main Attributes:Core network IPv6 based

Better support of mobility, security and “unlimited” address spaceWireless access points become IP gateways

Different radio access technologies deployed within a domainOptimization of the radio resources


B3G DemonstrationsB3G DemonstrationsB3G DemonstrationsB3G Demonstrations

• A demonstration of broadband mobile systems– Broadband downlink carrier on DVB-T (WA9XHI)

– Narrowband uplink via a cellular data (IS-707 data)

– Proving ground for asymmetric mobile broadband

– Vehicular mobility field tests started May 2000

– Session maintenance and handover between the two systems

– Platform to demonstrate custom applications

CDMA 14.4 kb/s

Intranet/

Internet

Proxy & Router

DVB-TOFDM 5-30 Mb/s• A Beyond 3G complete testbed

– Multiple carriers (DVB-T, GPRS, WLAN)– Supports short term hierarchical networks and longer

term IPv6 based core networks– Development of the Composite Access Management

(Network-side, Carrier and Service-focussed)– Development of the transparent Networking

Middleware (Terminal-side, User-focussed)– Session maintenance and handover between the

three systems, additional functionalities progressively added (RRM, AAA…)

– 1st demo started Sep. 2001

IP Network GPRS

DVB-T

Composite Access

Management

Content

DVB-T

GPRS Appl.platform

B3G Terminal

WLAN

WLAN

Content

Netw. Middlew.


4G Air Interface4G Air Interface4G Air Interface4G Air Interface• Higher bit rates than 3G (20 Mbps < peak < 200 Mbps)• Higher spectral efficiency and lower cost per bit than 3G• Air interface and MAC optimized for IP traffic

– Adaptive modulation/coding with power control, hybrid ARQ

• Smaller cells, on average, than 3G– However, cell size will be made as large as possible via:

• High power base station to boost downlink range• Asymmetry - used to boost uplink range when necessary• Adaptive antennas option

• Higher frequency band than 3G (below 5 GHz preferred)

• RF channel bandwidths of 20 MHz and higher

• Frequency Domain methods:

• OFDM is promising for downlink


• Proof-of-concept to test 4G air interface technologies

• Several drive routes covering 6 sectors

• 2 mile radius

• Channel measurements for use in offline algorithm development/testing

• Several forms of modulation (e.g., OFDM, CDMA) and coding transmitted and captured

6 sector base site2

antennas/sector height =~160 ft

Dual receivers at mobile

Top of 6-story building

3.675 GHz20 MHz bandwidth

4Gx – 4G Experimental System4Gx – 4G Experimental System4Gx – 4G Experimental System4Gx – 4G Experimental System


4Gx Field Data4Gx Field Data4Gx Field Data4Gx Field Data

Power Delay Profile CDF # of channel rays

Path Loss

rms Delay Spread

BER vs. position for Uncoded high-order QAM

using MIMO


Lessons from 3GLessons from 3GLessons from 3GLessons from 3G

• Customer demand was extremely uncertain– Exploring and trialing next generation applications should be done upfront

BEFORE the definition of the requirements for the system and the air interface– We need to start this activity NOW to get the 4G requirements by 2005!

• The 3G story (for the financial community, the regulatory bodies, the end-users…) and research was centered around a new, more capable, air interface. There was significant over-expectations.

– The 4G story should be centered around the user experience– The 4G research should be centered around architecture and system aspects

that would support an effective, open, flexible integration of multiple technologies

• Standards for 3G where elaborated in « vertical monolithic » standard bodies.

– 4G requirements, global architecture and protocols should be coordinated at the highest level possible in a “global 4G” standard body. Specific element of the standard and or regional variations should be fully developed in multiple, ad-hoc, effective “horizontal” standard bodies.


What 4G should look like (1/2) ?What 4G should look like (1/2) ?What 4G should look like (1/2) ?What 4G should look like (1/2) ?

If you please - draw me a

sheep!

Little Prince Antoine de Saint-Exupéry

The sheep is in the box!


What 4G should look like (2/2)?What 4G should look like (2/2)?What 4G should look like (2/2)?What 4G should look like (2/2)?

Protocols for Joined RRM

Generic Signalling

Protocols for linking transport and AIFF (QoS, Mobility manag.)

Protocols for linking transport and applications (QoS ,…)

APIs for transparent access of applications to 4G

AIF

F

A generic abstraction of a wireless system + formal descriptions of interfaces and objects+ conformance testing mechanisms

Tra

nsp

ort

App

Sup

port

WLA

N

3G

DV

B

2G

WP

AN

Enhanced TCP/IPv6•Mobile capable•Security enabled•QoS enabled

Apps support Middleware

Multiple, Continuously improving air Interface Standards

Multiple, Continuously improving applications support standard

4G Compliant Standard Elements

Advances in Wireless April 29, 2002 1

Business

g story

g requirements

g wlan ad

g wlan brdcst

g gprs edge

g wcdma

g experimental system

g customer demand