Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 1 NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Advances in the Unstructured WAVEWATCH III Within Earth System Modeling Framework ALI ABDOLALI NOAA/NCEP/EMC, College Park, MD, USA * [email protected]
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 1NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
NATIONALWEATHERSERVICE
Advances in the Unstructured WAVEWATCH III Within Earth System Modeling Framework
ALI ABDOLALI
NOAA/NCEP/EMC, College Park, MD, USA*[email protected]
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 2NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 2
vWAVEWATCH III Developmentq Performance Enhancement & New Features (Aron Roland, Tyler Hesser & Jane M. Smith)
ü An Efficient Parallelization Algorithm
ü Implicit Numerical Solver
ü Neumann Boundary Condition
q New Physics (Aron Roland, Tyler Hesser & Jane M. Smith)
ü Vegetation Source Term (VEG1)ü Adapted Depth Breaking Source Terms (Battjes and Janssen-DB1 / Thornton and Guza (1983)-DB2)ü Adapted Triad Interaction Source Term (TR1)q Validationü Lab Cases
ü Real Case Applications (Arslaan Khalid & Celso Ferreira)q Ensemble Modelingü Error Propagation from Atmospheric Modelsü Uncertainty Evaluation
q Wave-Surge Coupling (Andre Van der Westhuysen & Saeed Moghimi, Zaizhong Ma, Avichal Mehra)
q Conclusion & Outlook
Outline
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 3NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 3
https://github.com/NOAA-emc/ww3
Open Source Software Development Paradigm
Users Mailing List:https://www.lstsrv.ncep.noaa.gov/mailman/listinfo/ncep.list.wwatch3.users
NOAA-EMC/WW3:Ali Abdolali and Jessica MeixnerIfremer: Mickael AccensiERDC/USACE: Tyler HesserUK MetOffice: Chris Bunney Wave Summer School, every July, UMD
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 4NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 4
Performance Enhancement & New Features
Abdolali A., Roland, A., Van Der Westhuysen, A., Meixner, J., Chawla, A., Hesser, T., Smith, J.M. and M. Dutour Sikiric (2020), Large-scale Hurricane Modeling Using Domain Decomposition Parallelization and Implicit Scheme Implemented in WAVEWATCH III Wave Model, Coastal Engineering, 157, 103656, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103656
The WAVEWATCH III® Development Group (WW3DG), 2019: User manual and system documentation of WAVEWATCH III® version 6.07. Tech. Note 333, NOAA/NWS/NCEP/MMAB, College Park, MD, USA, 326 pp. + Appendices
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 5NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Domain Decomposition (DD) vs. Conventional
Decomposition method in WW3 (Card Deck- CD)
Chawla & Tolman, April 2007 WISE 2007 11/34Chawla etal, Nov 12, 2007 10th Intl. Wave Hindcasting and Forecasting Workshop 11/20
NMWW3
Resolution in minutes of the 8 grids making up the multi-grid model
3• WW3 was initially developed for
structured grids.• The multi grid capabilities were
suitable for multi scale applications with structured grids.
Multi_1 setup
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 6NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
• Extending the capabilities of the model to have unstructured grids with CD decomposition did not impose considerable difficulties for coarse grids with less than ~2 M elements.
• Card Deck is not efficient for high resolution grid (street level) with a large number of elements.
• Coupling with Surge Model in nearshore region requires more efficient decomposition.
Parallelization
Abdolali et al. 2020
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 7NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
No.Cores /(No.Dir # No.Freq)0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 2 3
Per
form
ance
[Rea
lTim
e/
Com
puta
tion
alTim
e]
0.1
0.3
0.5
0.7
0.91
3
5
7
910
30
50
Regular 1/12°, Explicit CDRegular 1/60°, Explicit CD"xmin : 200 m, Explicit CD"xmin : 200 m, Explicit DD"xmin : 200 m, Implicit DD"xmin : 10 m, Explicit CD"xmin : 10 m, Explicit DD"xmin : 10 m, Implicit DD
Performance
Abdolali et al 2020
SL18 mesh (9 M nodes)
Hurricane Ike (12 days)
CPU: 2000
Computational time: 7 hrs
WW3 limit prior
to recent
developments
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 8NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 8
New Physics
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 9NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Vegetation Source Term in WW3• Wave-vegetation interaction based on Mendez and Losada (2004)
!d= drag coefficient, bv= stem diameter, "= relative stem length, #=vegetation density
• Implementation called with VEG1 switch
• Operates in serial or parallel, implicit or explicit, structured or
• unstructured grids
• Called after depth limited breaking but before bottom interactions
• Spatially and temporally variable vegetation coefficients read with
ww3_prnc, or homogeneous variables in ww3_shel
manuscript submitted to Enter journal name here
2 Formulation
Without vegetation, wave energy flux remains constant if no energy is lost or gained.In the presence of vegetation, the wave energy flux, following Dalrymple et al. [1984],Kobayashi et al. [1993] and Mendez and Losada [2004] becomes:
@F
@x= �✏⌫ ! @
@x
hE.cg
i= �✏⌫ (1)
✏⌫ =1
2p⇡⇢CDb⌫N
⇣kg
2�
⌘3 sinh3(k↵h) + 3 sinh(k↵h)
3k cosh3(kh)H
3rms
(2)
where wave energy is defined as
E =1
8⇢gH
2 (3)
Combining Eqs. 1-3:
@H2rms
@x=
�✏⌫
18⇢gcg
=2
3p⇡CDb⌫Nk
sinh3(k↵h) + 3 sinh(k↵h)
[sinh(2kh) + 2kh] sinh(kh)H
3rms
(4)
The Drag Coe�cient is a function of wave parameters and vegetation species. Keule-gen and Carpenter number is a dimensionless number which describes the relative im-portance of the drag force over inertia for vertical obstacle in an oscillating flow. Therelation between CD and KC number should be evaluated based on experiments.
KC =umaxTp
b⌫(5)
where
umax =�a
tanh(kh)=
⇣⇡HsTp
⌘
tanh( 2⇡hL
)(6)
–4–
manuscript submitted to Enter journal name here
3 Implementation in WW3
The mean rate of energy dissipation per unit horizontal area due to wave damp-ing by vegetation is:
✏⌫ =1
2p⇡⇢CDb⌫N
⇣kg
2�
⌘3 sinh3(k↵h) + 3 sinh(k↵h)
3k cosh3(kh)H
3rms
(7)
A spectral version to be implemented in WW3 is divided by �⇢g and written inspectral/directional form:
Sveg(�, ✓) =Dtot
Etot
E(�, ✓) (8)
Dtot = � 1
2gp⇡C̄Db⌫N
⇣k̄g
2�̄
⌘3 sinh3(k̄↵h) + 3 sinh(k̄↵h)
3k̄ cosh3(k̄h)H
3rms
(9)
where H2rms
= 8Etot, the mean frequency �̄,mean wave number k̄ and mean en-ergy are given by:
�̄ =⇣ 1
Etot
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0
1
�E(�, ✓)d�d✓
⌘�1(10)
k̄ =⇣ 1
Etot
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0
1pkE(�, ✓)d�d✓
⌘�2(11)
Etot =
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0E(�, ✓)d�d✓ (12)
Finally,
Sd,veg = �r
2
⇡g2C̄Db⌫N
⇣k̄
�̄
⌘3 sinh3(k̄↵h) + 3 sinh(k̄↵h)
3k̄ cosh3(k̄h)
pEtotE(�, ✓) (13)
4 To do list in WW3
• Add the formulation (Dalrymple et al. 1994)• Add switch VEG1• Include VEG in ww3 prnc and ww3 prep to read Vegetation parameters.• Include VEG1 in ww3 shel and ww3 multi
–5–
manuscript submitted to Enter journal name here
3 Implementation in WW3
The mean rate of energy dissipation per unit horizontal area due to wave damp-ing by vegetation is:
✏⌫ =1
2p⇡⇢CDb⌫N
⇣kg
2�
⌘3 sinh3(k↵h) + 3 sinh(k↵h)
3k cosh3(kh)H
3rms
(7)
A spectral version to be implemented in WW3 is divided by �⇢g and written inspectral/directional form:
Sveg(�, ✓) =Dtot
Etot
E(�, ✓) (8)
Dtot = � 1
2gp⇡C̄Db⌫N
⇣k̄g
2�̄
⌘3 sinh3(k̄↵h) + 3 sinh(k̄↵h)
3k̄ cosh3(k̄h)H
3rms
(9)
where H2rms
= 8Etot, the mean frequency �̄,mean wave number k̄ and mean en-ergy are given by:
�̄ =⇣ 1
Etot
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0
1
�E(�, ✓)d�d✓
⌘�1(10)
k̄ =⇣ 1
Etot
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0
1pkE(�, ✓)d�d✓
⌘�2(11)
Etot =
Z 2⇡
0
Z 1
0E(�, ✓)d�d✓ (12)
Finally,
Sd,veg = �r
2
⇡g2C̄Db⌫N
⇣k̄
�̄
⌘3 sinh3(k̄↵h) + 3 sinh(k̄↵h)
3k̄ cosh3(k̄h)
pEtotE(�, ✓) (13)
4 To do list in WW3
• Add the formulation (Dalrymple et al. 1994)• Add switch VEG1• Include VEG in ww3 prnc and ww3 prep to read Vegetation parameters.• Include VEG1 in ww3 shel and ww3 multi
–5–
Dalrymple et al. (1984)Mendez and Losada 2004
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 10NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE US Army Corps of Engineers
UNCLASSIFIED
UNCLASSIFIED
Laboratory Test� 1.5 m-wide wave flume
• 64.1 m long, 1.5 m deep� Wave and Water Levels
• Depths: 30.5 cm, 45.7 cm, 53.3 cm• ls/h ratios of 1.0 (emergent), 0.91, 0.78• Irregular waves
► Tp ~ 1.25 s to 2.25 s► Hm0 ~ ranging from 5.0 cm to 19.2 cm
� Polyolefin tubing• 6.4 mm diameter• 41.5 cm stem length• densities of 100, 200, and 400 stems/m2
►correspond to element spacing of 10.0 cm, 7.1 cm, and 5.0 cm
Anderson & Smith 2014
In collaboration with USACETyler Hesser; Jane M. Smith; Mary B. Anderson Lab Case
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 12NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Author's personal copy
toward the shoreline). WGs 4–13 were installed along the center of thechannel at x = 26.0, 26.9, 27.4, 27.9, 28.5, 29.5, 31.0, 32.7, 34.4, and36.2 m, in that order (Fig. 1). WGs were calibrated daily to minimizecalibration error and to ensure that wave heights were bounded bythe calibrated range.
3. Wave height attenuation analysis
Reflection coefficients for the flume were estimated using a three-gauge separation technique based on the method of Goda and Suzuki(1976). The wave reflection analysis was performed using WGs 1–3,and reflection coefficient Kr varied from 5% to 12%. There was little
change in Kr between the setup with and without vegetation. Themean reflection coefficients were 8.2%, 8.3%, and 8.7% for N=0, 200,and 400 stems/m2, respectively. As Kr remained relatively small, theeffect of wave reflection on the results was considered negligible. Wavereflection from the absorber-covered back slope was not calculated.
The effects of stem density, submergence, incident wave height,and peak wave period on wave propagation were evaluated usingmeasurements of wave height. The wave spectral density S(f) at eachgauge was extracted from the demeaned water surface elevation timeseries with a fast Fourier transformation. The data were broken intosegments of 2048 points, and the spectra were smoothed by averagingfive neighboring frequency bands. The resulting resolution bandwidthwas 0.061 Hz, and spectral estimates had 60° of freedom. The localzero-moment wave height H was estimated from the wave spectra
Fig. 2. Schematic of idealized vegetation stem configurations. The circles areN= 200 stems/m2. The addition of a center stem, indicated by the square, increases thedensity to N=400 stems/m2.
Fig. 3. Installed idealized vegetation bed (N= 400 stems/m2).
Table 3Incident single- and double-peaked irregular wave conditions measured at the beginningof the vegetation (WG 5).
Wavetype
Depthh (cm)
WaveheightH0 (cm)
PeakperiodTp (s)
PeakwavelengthLp (m)
ls/h(−)
H0/h(−)
h/Lp(−)
Single-peaked
53.3 11.1 ± 0.07 1.5 2.89 0.78 0.21 0.1853.3 11.0 ± 0.10 1.75 3.53 0.78 0.21 0.1553.3 11.2 ± 0.06 2.0 4.16 0.78 0.21 0.1345.7 8.1 ± 0.03 1.5 2.74 0.91 0.18 0.1745.7 10.9 ± 0.05 1.5 2.74 0.91 0.24 0.1745.7 13.9 ± 0.07 1.5 2.74 0.91 0.30 0.1745.7 5.0 ± 0.03 2.0 3.91 0.91 0.11 0.1245.7 10.7 ± 0.04 2.0 3.91 0.91 0.23 0.1245.7 15.3 ± 0.10 2.0 3.91 0.91 0.33 0.1245.7 19.2 ± 0.14 2.0 3.91 0.91 0.42 0.1230.5 11.3 ± 0.09 1.25 1.88 1.36 0.37 0.1630.5 11.0 ± 0.11 1.5 2.36 1.36 0.36 0.1330.5 11.2 ± 0.10 1.75 2.82 1.36 0.37 0.1130.5 11.1 ± 0.16 2.0 3.28 1.36 0.36 0.0930.5 11.2 ± 0.13 2.25 3.73 1.36 0.37 0.08
Double-peaked
53.3 13.7 ± 0.04 1.25/2.0 – 0.78 0.26 –
53.3 10.9 ± 0.03 1.25/2.0 – 0.78 0.20 –
45.7 13.6 ± 0.04 1.25/2.0 – 0.91 0.30 –
45.7 10.7 ± 0.05 1.25/2.0 – 0.91 0.23 –
30.5 13.0 ± 0.18 1.25/2.0 – 1.36 0.43 –
30.5 10.7 ± 0.14 1.25/2.0 – 1.36 0.35 –
85M.E. Anderson, J.M. Smith / Coastal Engineering 83 (2014) 82–92
26 28 30 32 34 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
0.12
0.13
Hs [m
]
N=0 N=200 N=400 Obs. (Solid); Model (dashed)
Vegetationh = 53.3 cm
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
1
1.5
2
2.5
T p [s]
N = 200
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 0.77861
Cd = 0.36347
KC = 51.7581
N = 400
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 0.77861
Cd = 0.33961
KC = 51.8769
26 28 30 32 34 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
0.1
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.18
Hs [m
]
N=0 N=200 N=400 Obs. (Solid); Model (dashed)
Vegetationh = 45.7 cm
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
1
1.5
2
2.5
T p [s]
N = 200
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 0.9081
Cd = 0.34303
KC = 85.7424
N = 400
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 0.9081
Cd = 0.35392
KC = 85.78
26 28 30 32 34 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
0.06
0.08
0.1
0.12
Hs [m
]
N=0 N=200 N=400 Obs. (Solid); Model (dashed)
Vegetationh = 30.5 cm
27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36Distance from Wavemaker [m]
1
1.5
2
2.5
T p [s]
N = 200
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 1.3607
Cd = 0.36115
KC = NaN
N = 400
bv = 6.4 mm
ls = 41.5 cm
ls/h = 1.3607
Cd = 0.43131
KC = NaN
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 13NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 13
Magothy Bay
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 15NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICEFigure: Eastern Shore, Virginia
Figure: Magothy Bay, Virginia
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 18NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Validation (transect 3)
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 19NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
x [m]0 5 10 15 20 25 30
h [m
]
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2Obs
f [Hz]0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
[m2/
Hz]
#10-3
0
2
4
6
8SET 1ASET 1BSET 1C
Depth breaking/triad interactionLaboratory case (boers 1996) ww3_tp2.19
A new Neumann boundary condition is added to WW3
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 20NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 20
Large Scale ApplicationIsabel 2003
Ike 2008Sandy 2012Irma 2017
Florence 2018
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 21NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
HURRICANE Irma Sep. 2017
HSOFS Mesh~1.8 M nodes~3.5 M elementslowest resolution.: ~200m
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 22NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
HWRF
WW3WW3 v6.07Parallelization: Domain DecompositionScheme: ImplicitAbdolali et al 2019
Three moving nested gridsData AssimilationOcean Coupling40 Ensemble Members
DeterministicRun
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 23NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Validating HWRF and WW3 ensembles
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 24NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
U10: Ensemble Mean and StDev
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Z. Ma, B. Liu, A. Mehra, A. Abdolali, A. van derWesthuysen, S. Moghimi, S. Vinogradov, Z. Zhang, L. Zhu, K. Wu, R. Shrestha, A. Kumar, V. Tallapragada, N. Kurkowski(2020), Investigating the impact of High-resolution Land-sea Masks on Hurricane Forecasts in HWRF, Atmosphere, 2020, (in press)
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 25NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Hs: Ensemble Mean and StDev
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Ali Abdolali, Andre van der Westhuysen, Zaizhong Ma, Avichal Mehra, Aron Roland and Saeed Moghimi (2020) Evaluating the Accuracy andUncertainty of Atmospheric and Wave Model Hindcasts During Severe Events Using Model Ensembles, Ocean Dynamics (Under Review).
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 26NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Validation data(waves/wind)
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
USGS Rapid Deployment
HURRICANE Florence Sep. 2018
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 27NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
WAVEWATCH IIIHs
HWRFU10
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 29NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Results – NDBC
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 30NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Results – USGS
Photo of wave height sensor at Stone Chimney Rd at Lockwoods Folly Inlet, Brunswick County, NC, 09/12/2018. Photograph by Anthony Gotvald, USGS GA.
For Official Use Only - Pre-decisional information
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 32NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICENATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 32
Wave-Surge CouplingCOASTAL Act
Alaska Coastal Ocean Forecast System (ALCOFS)
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 34NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
COASTAL Act: Named Storm Event Model• An ADCIRC-WW3 application
(“App”) in NUOPC/NEMS
• Based on NEMS interfaces or
“Caps” and ESMF framework
• One-way atmospheric forcing
from gridded data file (HWRF
model)
• Two-way exchange between
ADCIRC and WW3 models
• To include river discharge from
NWM
Moghimi et al. 2020
Bakhtyar et al. 2020
Atmospheric Data:
HWRF/HRRR
Storm Surge
Model: ADCIRC
Wave Model:
WAVEWATCH III
Wind speed
Water levels, currents
Hydrologic Model:
National Water
Model
Radiation stress
Pressure at MSL and surface, Downward Short/Long-Wave Radiation Flux, Precipitation Rate, Humidity, Temperature, Wind speed
DischargeWater levels, currents Wind speed
pressure at MSL
Named Storm Event Model (NSEM)
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 35NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Sign Wave Height (Hs)Coupled
∆Hs: Coupled - Stand Alone WW3
Galveston Bay detail
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 36NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Max ∆Hs
Max ∆Hs
Hurricane Ike (Sept 3-14, 2008)ADCIRC-WW3: Wave height validation (Galveston)
Moghimi, S.; Van der Westhuysen, A.; Abdolali, A.; Myers, E.; Vinogradov, S.; Ma, Z.; Liu, F.; Mehra, A.; Kurkowski, N. Development of an ESMF Based Flexible Coupling Application of ADCIRC and WAVEWATCH III for High Fidelity Coastal Inundation Studies. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8, 308.
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 37NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
Remaining issues
§ The memory management in WW3, mostly relying on Global Arrays, are now localized throughout the source code to be efficiently utilized within the domain decomposition parallelization concept. Localized in the sense the each CPU just knows about his domain.
§ This provides us the needed flexibility on Different HPC architectures and provides the possibility to run 2-way coupled within ESMF & ADCRIC multi-million grid points unstructured grids.
§ Near shore physics Implemented (Vegetation Source Term, Adapted Triad Interaction and Depth Breaking Source terms).
§ Validation for Laboratory Cases and Large Scale Application for Hurricane Irma 2017 (40 ensembles), Hurricane Florence 2018 are conducted.
§ Fully Coupled Wave-Surge (WW3-ADCIRC) is developed, one way coupled to NWM (Fully coupled Wave-Surge-Riverine models under development).
Building a Weather-Ready Nation // 38NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE
References• Abdolali A., Roland, A., Van Der Westhuysen, A., Meixner, J., Chawla, A.,
Hesser, T., Smith, J.M. and M. Dutour Sikiric (2020), Large-scale HurricaneModeling Using Domain Decomposition Parallelization and Implicit SchemeImplemented in WAVEWATCH III Wave Model, Coastal Engineering, 157,103656, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2020.103656
• The WAVEWATCH III® Development Group (WW3DG), 2019: User manual andsystem documentation of WAVEWATCH III® version 6.07. Tech. Note 333,NOAA/NWS/NCEP/MMAB, College Park, MD, USA, 326 pp. + Appendices
• Ali Abdolali, Andre van der Westhuysen, Zaizhong Ma, Avichal Mehra, AronRoland and Saeed Moghimi (2020) Evaluating the Accuracy and Uncertainty ofAtmospheric and Wave Model Hindcasts During Severe Events Using ModelEnsembles, Ocean Dynamics (Under Review).
• Z. Ma, B. Liu, A. Mehra, A. Abdolali, A. van derWesthuysen, S. Moghimi, S.Vinogradov, Z. Zhang, L. Zhu, K. Wu, R. Shrestha, A. Kumar, V. Tallapragada,N. Kurkowski (2020), Investigating the impact of High-resolution Land-seaMasks on Hurricane Forecasts in HWRF, Atmosphere, 2020, (in press)
• Bakhtyar, R., Maitaria, K., Velissariou, P., Trimble, B., Mashriqui, H., Moghimi,S., Abdolali, A., Van der Westhuysen, A.J., Ma, Z., Clark, E.P. and Flowers, T.(2020). A new 1D/2D Coupled Modeling Approach for a Riverine-EstuarineSystem under Storm Events: Application to Delaware River Basin. Journal ofGeophysical Research: Oceans, doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015822
• Moghimi, S.; Van der Westhuysen, A.; Abdolali, A.; Myers, E.; Vinogradov, S.;Ma, Z.; Liu, F.; Mehra, A.; Kurkowski, N. Development of an ESMF BasedFlexible Coupling Application of ADCIRC and WAVEWATCH III for High FidelityCoastal Inundation Studies. J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2020, 8, 3
08. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse8050308• Moghimi, S., Vinogradov, S., Myers, E. P., Funakoshi, Y., Van der Westhuysen,
A. J., Abdolali, A., Ma, Z., & Liu, F. (2019). Development of a flexible couplinginterface for ADCIRC model for coastal inundation studies. NOAA technicalmemorandum NOS CS; 41, doi.org/10.25923/akzc-kc14.
Global Unstructured Grid 5M node, 6 km minimum resolution (W/ W. Pringle & J. Westerink - ND)