Advances in Post-Harvest Treatments Mohsen A. Sales March 1, 2017 Citrus Australia – Technical Forum
Welcome message from author
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
Advances in Post-Harvest Treatments
Mohsen A. Sales
March 1, 2017
Citrus Australia – Technical Forum
IMPORTANCE OF POST-HARVEST
Tropical Fruit
12.06.2013
Pome Fruit
07.12.2013
Produce value
Production value
Experienced losses
Unmet needs
10,5 billion
by 2050 (1)
33% more
human mouths
to feed
Food supplies
need to
increase by
60% (2)
Increasing agricultural
productivity is critical but this
may not be sufficient
Waste reduction in postharvest
process at farm, retail and consumer
levels is needed
Limited land, water and increased
weather variability due to climate
change
95% of the R&D during the past 30
years focused on increasing productivity
and only 5% directed towards reducing
losses (2)
Key Figures
Sources: (1) UN March 2013 (2) FAO 2012
POST-HARVEST FOOD LOSSES in supply chain flow
Harvesting Processing Food Storage
I
Packaging Sales
III IV II V VI I
Consumption
• Mechanization
• Production
practices
• Decisions
• Moisture
• Season
(temperature)
Factors driving food losses
• Insects
• Molds
• Deterioration
• Shrinkage
• Moisture
• Temperature
• Improper
handing
• Transport
• Time (duration)
• Removal of
inedible portions
• Discarding of
substandard
products
• Visual based
rejection
• Shrinkage
• Poor handling
• Package failures
• Transportation
losses
• Packaging
failures
• Transportation
losses
• Lack of
packaging
• Improper
packaging
• Improper
portioning
• Supersizing
• Poor inventory
• Dented cans
• Seasonal items
• Temperature
• Infrastructure
• Leftovers
• Expiration dates
• Use by dates
• Impulse buying
• Infrequent
market visits
• Bulk purchase
• Poor portioning
45 % FRUIT & VEGETABLES FOOD LOSSES
IMPORTANCE OF POST-HARVEST
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Latin America
South and Southeast Asia
North Africa, West & Central America
Sub-saharan Asia
Industrialized Asia
North America & Oceania
Europe
Fruit & Vegetable Food Losses
Agriculture Post-harvest Processing Distribution Consumption
14% 15% 15%
29% 31% 32%
39%
Post-harvest + Processing + Distribution
Source: FAO 2012
If there is not an advanced PoH technology, the PoH losses are increased by 18% (difference of
PoH losses between A-B)
Considering 1$ as consumer market value for 1 kg of oranges in the market (1000$/ton)
For each ton, 180$ would not achieve the market
Assuming 9$ - estimated cost of PoH treatment per ton (average – Spanish market)
Citrus example
IMPACT OF POST-HARVEST
14% 15% 15%
29% 31% 32%
39%
Post-harvest + Processing + Distribution
+18% A B
If PoH treatment is applied, 171$ of the 180$ would achieve the market (taken PoH efficiency as 100%)
For ~10 MTons of citrus exported in the group A, the benefit PoH technology would mean ~1710 M$
In addition, fully developing PoH tech. in group B (4,1 Mtons)~712 M$
WW Citrus PoH impact amounts for ~2400 M$
-18%
WHY POST-HARVEST CARES?
Fungicides &
Disinfectant Coatings
Anti-oxidant
BIOLOGICAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
Pathological
damage
Respiration
Ethylene production
Transpiration
Physical damage
Atmospheric Changes Temperature / Humidity Oxygen / Carbon dioxide
Physiological breakdown
Because harvested fruits:
Are still living
Continue to respire
Loose water but cannot replace it
Get diseased and infect Healthy Fruits
Get injured and bruised by picking
and handling
Need rind protection to stay healthy
POST-HARVEST EVOLUTION
Mature
markets
Emerging
markets Underdeveloped
markets
Domestic market
Quick consumption
Low value market
Low profit
E.g. China, India, Brazil,
Mexico
Local market at the
level of stage 1
Higher value markets
accessible by export
It means longer
distance and extend
the fruit shelf life
Post-harvest
technology is
needed
E.g. Argentina, Perú
Local market requires
the same level of
quality than the
exported market
Consequence: the
PoH treatments do
not distinguish
between the fruit
market destination
E.g. Europe, USA
Underdeveloped
markets
Emerging markets Mature markets
Of course, intermediate steps among the described stages exist.
1 2 3 Stage 1- Production
to consumption
Stage 2- Production
to export
Stage 3- Quality
production
Sour Rot Management
Sour Rot Management
9
Sour Rot Management
10
Sour Rot Management
11
Sour Rot Management
12
Sour Rot Management
13
Sour Rot Management
14
Sour Rot Management
15
Sour Rot Management
Source: Syngenta 16
Update on Resistance
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage 18
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
19
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
20
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
21
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
22
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
23
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
24
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
25
Update on Resistance
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
26
Update on Resistance - Management
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
27
Update on Resistance - Management
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
28
Storage Room Sanitations
1. Control Room
2. ClO2
3. Decon 7
4. H2O2 + quats
Room Sanitizers
30
Room Sanitizers
31
Room Sanitizers
32
Room Sanitation
33
Room Sanitation
34
Development in Bio-Fungicides
Bio pesticides
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
36
Bio pesticides
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
37
Bio pesticides
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
38
Bio pesticides
Dr. Jim Adaskavage
39
New Application Methods
Application Methods
41
Application Methods
42
Application Methods
43
Application Methods
44
New Application Methods - TBZ Residue Distribution
45
New Application Methods
46
Dr. Jim Adaskaveg of UC Riverside
Acknowledgment
47
Thank You Citrus Australia
AGENDA
49
AGENDA
50
Related Documents
