Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock STP977.pdf

STP 977

Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock

Robert T. Donaghe, Ronald C. Chaney, and Marshall L. Silver, editors

II! ASTM 1916 Race Street Philadelphia, PA 19103

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Advanced triaxial testing of soil and rock/Robert T. Donaghe, Ronald C. Chaney, and Marshall L. Silver, editors. (STP; 977) "The symposium on advanced triaxial testing of soil and rock was

presented at Louisville, Kentucky on 19-20 June 1986 sponsored by ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and Rock"—Foreword.

ASTM publication code number (PCN) 04-977000-38. Includes bibliographies and index. ISBN 0-8031-0983-0 1. Soils^Testing—Congresses. 2. Rocks—Testing—Congresses.

I. Donaghe, Robert T. II. Chaney, Ronald C. III. Silver, Marshall L. IV. ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and Rock. V. Title: Advanced Triaxial testing of soil and rock. VI. Series: ASTM special technical publication: 977 TA710.5.A38 1988 88-19070 624.1'5136'0287—dcl9 CIP

Copyright © by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1988

NOTE

The Society is not responsible, as a body, for the statements and opinions

advanced in this publication.

Peer Review Policy

Each paper published in this volume was evaluated by three peer reviewers. The authors addressed all of the reviewers' comments to the satisfaction of both the technical editor(s) and the ASTM Committee on Pubhcations.

The quality of the papers in this publication reflects not only the obvious efforts of the authors and the technical editor(s), but also the work of these peer reviewers. The ASTM Committee on Publications acknowledges with appreciation their dedication and contribution of time and effort on behalf of ASTM.

Printed in Baltimore November 1988

Foreword

The symposium on Advanced Triaxial Testing of Soil and Rock was presented at Louisville, Kentucky on 19-20 June 1986 sponsored by ASTM Committee D-18 on Soil and Rock. Robert T. Donaghe, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Ronald C. Chaney, Humboldt State University, and Marshall L. Silver, University of Illinois, served as chairmen of the sym­posium and editors of the resulting publication.

T

Overview

EQUIPMENT

State-of-the-Art Paper Some Recent Developments in tViaidal Testing Systems for Cohesionless Soils—

FUMIO TATSUOKA 7

Flow Pump Applications in IViaxial Testing—HAROLD W. OLSEN,

ROGER Hi MORIN, AND ROGER Wi NICHOLS 68

A Computer Controlled Hydraulic tViaxial Testing Systeih'̂ BRUCB Ic. MENZIES 82

An Automated TriAnitA Testing System—x. s. LU CLARENCE K. CHAN,

AND C. K. SHEN 95

Microcomputer-Based Data Acquisition Systems for iWaxial Testing of Soft Yielding Rocks—MALCOLM REEVES 107

A Stress- ahd Strain-Contrdlled Monotonic and Cyclic Loading System— Y. p. VAID, D. NEGUSSEY, AND M. Z E R O O U N 119

A 300-nun-Diameter Triaxial Cell with a Double Measuring Device-^ JEAN-MlCHfiL D U P A S , ALAIN PECKER, PIERRE BOZETTO, AND JEAN-JACQUES FRY 132

Simultaneous Hydraulic/Physical Parameter Measuremrat on Rock Specimens Subjected to IViaxial Conditions—FRED A. DONATM, JON T. HOLDER, AND LESTER S. FRUTH 143

iViaxial Testing of Intact Salt Rocks: Pressure Control, Pressure Systenks, Cell and Frame Design—JAMES R. BALESHTA AND MAURICE B. DUSSEAULT 155

Relationship Between Tensile and Compressive Strengths of Compacted Soils— JOHN F. PETERS AND DANlEL A. LEAVELL 169

Influence of Filter Paper and Leakage on iViaxial testitig—-SERGE LEROUEIL, FRANCOIS TAVENAS, PIERRE La ROCHELLE, AND MiCHEL TREMBLAY 189

MeiKurement of Deformations in the Standard TViaxial Environment witli a Comparison of Local Versus Global Measurements on a Fine, Fully Drained Sand—PAUL FERGUSON LINTON, MICHAEL C. MCVAY, AND DAVID BLOOMOUIST 202

TEST METHODS

State-of-the-Art Paper A Reevaluation of Conventional Triaxial Test Methods—GUALTIERO BALDI,

DAVID W. MIGHT, AND GREGORY E. THOMAS 219

State-of-the-Art Paper Triaxial Testing Methods for Soils—SUZANNE LACASSE AND TORALV BERRE 264

IViaxial Testing of Granular Soil Under Elevated Cell Pressure— JEAN LOUIS COLLIAT-DANGUS, JACQUES DESRUES, AND PIERRE FORAY 290

Consolidated Drained IViaxial Testing of Piecbnont Residual Soil— PHILIP C. LAMBE AND WILLIAM T. HEARTZ 311

Triaxial Relaxation Tests on a Soft Clay—^VINCENT SILVESTRI, MICHEL SOULIE, ZIAD T O U C H A N , A N D BERNARD FAY 321

Triaxial Testing of Marine Sediments with High Gas Contents—GRETCHEN RAU AND RONALD C. CHANEY 338

Results and Interpretation of Multistage TMaxial Compression Tests— MAURIZIO SORANZO 353

Application of Multistage TMaxial Test to Kuwaiti Soils—HAMED S. SAEEDY AND MOHAMMED A. MOLLAH 363

Triaxial Testing of Weak Rocks Including the Use of IViaxial Extension Tests— P E T E R J. MILLAR AND DAVID R. MURRAY 376

Triaxial Permeability and Strei^h Testing of Contaminated Soils— JEFFREY C. EVANS AND HSAl-YANG FANG 387

Preparation of Reconstituted Sand Specimens—Y. P. VAID AND D. NEGUSSEY 405

TEST INTERPRETATION AND ERRORS

State-of-the-Art Paper IViaxial Testing of Saturated Cohesive Soils—JOHN T. GERMAINE

AND CHARLES C. LADD 421

Determination of Undrained Shear Strength of Low Plasticity Oays— JOHN F. PETERS 460

Cyclic Triaxial Strain-Controlled Testing of Liquefiable Sands— MLADEN VUCETIC AND RICARDO DOBRY 475

TYiaxial Test for Embankment Dams: Interpretation and Validity— HEDI DENDANI, ETIENNE FLAVIGNY, AND JEAN JACQUES FRY 486

Compression and Shear Deformation of Soil Under Wide-Ranging Confining Pressure—RYOSUKE KITAMURA AND MOTOHISA HARUYAMA 501

Interpretation of Triaxial Compression Test Results on Partially Saturated Soils— RICHARD W. PETERSON 512

New Concept of Effective Stress in Unsaturated Soil and Its Proving Test— DAIZO KARUBE 539

Probabilistic Characterization of Shear Strength Parameters Using TMaxial Test Data—PINNADUWA H. S. W. KULATILAKE 553

Interpretation of Triaxial Test Results of Cohesionless Soils: A New Model— GILBERT Y. BALADI AND THOMAS T. H. WU 567

Pore-Pressure Distributions in Constant Strain-Rate Triaxial Tests— WILLIAM Z. SAVAGE 582

Pore Pressure Response of an Undisturbed and Reconstituted Anglian Till in Undrained TYiaxial Compression—JOHN ANTHONY LITTLE 592

Shear Band Formation in Triaxial and Plane Strain Tests—JOHN P. PETERS, POUL V. LADE, AND ANDERS BRO 604

Effects of Sampling Disturbance on Shear Strength of Glacial Till and Compacted Fill—DANIEL P. D I E T Z L E R , D E V I N A. MOOSE, AND JEFFREY C. SCHUH 628

Influence of Specimen Preparation Techniques and Testing Procedures on Undrained Steady State Shear Strength—NORMAN D. DENNIS 642

TViaxial Compressive and Extension Strength of Sand Affected by Strength Anisotropy and Sample Slenderness—WOON-KWAN LAM AND FUMIO TATSUOKA 655

The Influence of Filter Strip Shape on Consolidated Unch-ained Triaxial Extension Test Results—TOSHIYUKI MITACHI, YUKIHIRO KOHATA, AND Y U T A K A K U D O H 667

The Effect of End Restraint on Volume Change and Particle Breakage of Sands in TViaxial Tests—TZOU-SHIN UENG, YEONG-MING TZOU, AND CHUNG-JUNG LEE 679

Effects of End Conditions on Triaxial Compressive Strength for Cohesionless Soil—SATOSHI GOTO AND FUMIO TATSUOKA 692

Effects of Height-to-Diameter Ratio in IViaxial Specimens on the Beliavior of Cross-Anisotropic Sand—POUL V. LADE AND UZAIR WASIF 706

Observational Approach to Membrane and Area Corrections in IViaxial Tests— PIERRE La ROCHELLE, S. LEROUEIL, B. TRAK, L. BLAIS-LEROUX, AND F. TAVENAS 715

Stress Path Considerations in Multistage IViaxial Testing— MARK R. SCHOENEMANN AND MARVIN R. PYLES 732

NEW TEST VARIETIES

State-of-the-Art Paper Cubical Devices: Versatility and Constraints—J. R. F. ARTHUR 743

State-of-the-Art Paper Hollow Cylinder Torsional Devices: Their Advantages and Limitations—

ADEL S. SAADA 766

Discussion 790

The Cambridge TVue TViaxial Apparatus—DAVID W. AIREY AND DAVID M. WOOD 796

A TVue Triaxial Cell for Soil and Rock—PAUL MICHELIS 806

A True TViaxial Testing Cell—VINCENT SILVESTRI, RAYMOND N. YONO,

AND ABDEL MOSHEN ONSY MOHAMED 819

True Triaxial Test of Rock Under Stress and Strain Rate Control— T E T S U R O E S A K I , TSUYOSHI K I M U R A , K A Z U O A O K I , A N D T A D A S H I NISHIDA 834

A Nevf Independent Principal Stress Control Apparatus—AKITOSHI MOCHIZUKI, M A S A T O M I K A S A , AND SHINICHI TAKAHASHI 844

Special Stress Paths Along the Limit Surface of a Sand Specimen with the Use of a TVue TViaxial Apparatus—JACK LANIER 859

Index 871

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