Advanced Petroleum Based Fuels Advanced Petroleum Based Fuels - - Diesel Emission Control Diesel Emission Control (ABPF (ABPF - - DEC) Update DEC) Update Shawn D. Whitacre June 1, 2005 Presented at 4 th Japan Clean Air Program Conference – Tokyo, Japan
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Advanced Petroleum Based Fuels- Diesel Emission Control ...0.08 0.10 NOx [g/mile] 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 Diesel Future II: Advanced Engine Control & Advanced Aftertreatment
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Advanced Petroleum Based FuelsAdvanced Petroleum Based Fuels--Diesel Emission Control Diesel Emission Control
(ABPF(ABPF--DEC) UpdateDEC) UpdateShawn D. Whitacre
June 1, 2005
Presented at 4th Japan Clean Air Program Conference – Tokyo, Japan
Advanced Petroleum Based Fuels – Diesel Emission Control Study
- Transient and steady-state evaluations of:- Regulated emissions- Currently unregulated emissions
Test Engine• Cummins ISX 15L• 475 hp Rating• DOHC 4V central
EUI• Cooled EGR, VGT • Advanced electronic
controls• 2002/2004 Base
engine out emissions(pre-production)
Emission Control System
CumminsISX
NAC1
DOCDOC
DPF
NACDPF
NAC
NOx Sensors
NOx Sensor
Full Flow System(no bypass)
Device Dimensions (Diameter x Length)
Volume
Upstream DOC 12” x 6” 11.1 L DPF (x2) 12” x 14” 25.9 L (51.8 L total) NOx Adsorber Catalyst (x2)
12” x 12” 22.2 L (44.4 L total)
Clean-up DOC 12” x 6” 11.1 L Total Volume: 118 L
Aging Results - NOx
FTP Composite NOx
0.00.51.01.52.02.5
0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000
Age (hours)
NO
x (g
/bhp
-hr)
NOx Mean Desulfation
Engine-out Level
More details: SAE 2005-01-1760
Trends Analysis - NOx
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000
Aging Hou rs
NO
x (g
/bhp
-hr)
Fresh Pre-Desulfat ion A verage Post- Desulfation
EPA 2010 standard
Heavy-duty SCR/DPF(Southwest Research Institute)
• Vehicle: none• Engine: Caterpillar C12 w/ LPL EGR• Two systems evaluated:
– System A: 6000 out of 6000 hours– System B: 6000 out of 6000 hours– Also testing NOx sensor durability
SCR - System Design
INTAKE MANIFOLD
MANIFOLD
ATA
A
FTER
CO
OLE
R
C12 DIESEL ENGINE
EXHAUST
AIR FILTER
FLOW BALANCING
VALVES
EXHAUST
EXHAUST FLOW
SENSORS
CB-DPF AR
CB-DPF AL
SCR AL
SCR AR
UREA INJECTION
UREA INJECTION
EXHAUST DAMPER
CLEANUP CATALYST
LPL EGR PICKUP
INTA
KE
THR
OTT
LE
T (IMP)
N
TPS
PRESSURE CONTROL
UREA PUMP
UREA INJECTION CONTROLUREA
EGR COOLER
EGR VALVE
LPL EGR
Heavy-duty SCR/DPF Aging Study(HD FTP Composite NOx 8-ppm S fuel)
Effects of Aging on NOx (Composite)(Mean and 95% Prediction Interval)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
A B A B A B A B A B
0 200 2000 4000 6000
Unit / Age (Hours)
NO
x (g
/bhp
-hr)
Lubricants Project
Phase IPhase I
Determine the impact of lubricant properties and composition on engine-out/catalyst-in emissions
Determine if lubricant formulation impacts the performance and durability of NOx adsorber catalysts
Phase IIPhase II
Lubricants Project Status• Phase I Completed in 2003• Final Report available• Phase II Testing completed Aug 2004• Final reporting underway•• Detailed results to be presented in Detailed results to be presented in
later sessionlater session
Future Direction• APBF-DEC projects to wrap up in 2005• At present time, no formal plans to
continue the activity• Anticipate future collaborative activities
in fuels and lubricants research:– Fuels for advanced combustion– Non-petroleum based fuels– Lubricant impact on PM