A+DS Sustainable Placemaking 1 - place is a public good

SustainablePlacemakingMeeting the challenge of a low carbon Scotland

place

““place is a public good”place is a public good”

Learning towns

Learning towns

A whole place approach

outcomesoutcomes

resourcesresources assetsassets

effects/impactseffects/impacts

stewardshipstewardship

Low carbon Scotland: legislation• The Planning etc. (Scotland) Act 2006;• The Climate Change (Scotland) Act 2009;• Climate Change Delivery Plan (2009);• National Planning Framework (2009);• Scottish Planning Policy (SPP);• Circular 1/2009: Development Planning

• Designing Places• Designing Streets

• Planning for Outcomes/Regeneration policies

Low carbon Scotland: the challenge• Sustainable Economic Growth Strategy

– Healthier– Wealthier/ fairer– Greener– Smarter– Safer and stronger

• Climate Change Act 2009– 80% reduction in carbon emissions by 2050– 42% reduction by 2020

• Low carbon electricity by 2030 • Low carbon road vehicles, and significant electrification of rail by 2050, with

significant progress by 2030• Low carbon heating by 2050, with significant progress by 2030, through

reduced demand, better energy efficiency and a massive increase in renewable and low carbon heating systems

• Fewer emissions from agricultural businesses - more woodland and protection for carbon rich soils.

Sustainable placemaking

Now Future

Adaptation?

Mitigation?

Do Nothing

Time

Do Nothing?:• More of the same. • Target the worst cases• Focus on projects

Mitigation• Prescriptive and codified design based on generic urban design principles

Adaptation• Context led• Responsive to scales• Driven by desire to enable better environments and better decisionmaking

Next Malmo?

Meeting the challenge

Quantitative Greenhouse Gas Impact Assessment:Quantitative Greenhouse Gas Impact Assessment:

A Tool For Spatial Planning Policy DevelopmentA Tool For Spatial Planning Policy Development

Phase 1: Feasibility Report

Scottish Government, 2011

Planning decisions inform the FORM and LOCATION of new development therefore directly impact GHG emissions

Spatial strategies are a tool the planning system deploys to address climate change

The amount of carbon / GHG’s produced by a development can vary dramatically depending on the design approach

A tool to measure GHG’s is therefore likely to be more accurate at the LDP/SPG level*

*dependent on the level of FORM detail

Infrastructure to support development should be addressed in Development Plans NOT through the Development Management process (para 16, SPP)

Can these be addressed without FORM?

N P FInaccurate?

SPG

SDPInaccurate?

LDPMore precise?

FORM

land water food energy building material people

Maximise ‘Livability’

Minimise Waste Outputs

Optimise urban settlement design and decision making processes

Manage resource Inputs

social prioritiestransport prioritieseconomic prioritiescultural priorities

solid waste liquid waste toxics sewage air pollution greenhouse gases waste heat noise

health employment income education housing leisure activities accessibility urban design quality community

Low carbon Scotland: a model

The process The process creates valuecreates value

Its statutory: you Its statutory: you have to do ithave to do it

Motivations

Contexts

Growth: Growth: better new

TransformationTransformation:: change context

Retrofit:Retrofit: Adapt existing

placemaking

Direct: Direct: Quality of houses, quality of neighbourhood, accessibility, transport,

public space, shops, education and jobs;

Indirect:Indirect: Health, safety, density, image and the perception of the social environment;

External:External: Air quality, neighbourhood effects and noise;

DistributionalDistributional:: Income, employment, ripple-effect.

Quality of lifeQuality of lifeQuality of servicesQuality of servicesQuality of designQuality of design

Value measures... Value by place-shaping

Nation and regionWhole SettlementDistricts Streets Blocks Plots Buildings

place-shaping: issues & scales

Quality of public services

Energy Waste Water Transport Green Infrastructure

Public space

City

N’hood

Street

Site

Building

“You must be joking! How much?”

New building regulations: mandatory

Cost to the individualCost to the producer

Public cost

VALUE is the key

Fro

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era

ld 2

7 F

ebru

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20

07

Cost base and value engineering

Cost base and return periods

Pragmatic Sustainability

ComfortComfort

CashCash

ContributionContribution

Character

Quality ‘ordinary’Quality

‘ordinary’

Quality ‘special’Quality ‘special’

Ordinary buildings: Ordinary placesOrdinary Buildings: Special placesSpecial buildings: special places