3 Adlis n tmaziɣt Tagduda Tazzayrit Tamagdayt Taɣerfant Aɣlif n Usedwel Aɣelnaw Adlis n tmaziɣt 3 Aseggas wis 3 n Ulmud Alemmas Imeskaren : • Muhub ḤERRUC • Ʃli LEWNIS • Remḍan ΣACUR Unuɣen : WALI Ʃmer Conception et mise en page M'LIK Fewzia Conception de la couverture BELAID khaled 2010 - 2011
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3Adlis n tmaziɣt
Tagduda Tazzayrit Tamagdayt Taɣerfant
Aɣlif n Usedwel Aɣelnaw
Adlis n tmaziɣt
3Aseggas wis 3 n ulmud Alemmas
Imeskaren :
• Muhub ḤERRUC
• Ʃli LEWNIS
• Remḍan ΣACUR
Unuɣen : WALI Ʃmer
Conception et mise en page M'LIK FewziaConception de la couverture BELAID khaled
2010 - 2011
الطبعة األولى2011 - 2010
MS 914/10
I. S. B.N 978 - 9947 - 20 - 555 - 6 ردمكN° Dépot légal 2010 - 771 رقم االيداع القانوني
مصادق عليه من طرف جلنة االعتماد واملصادقة للمعهد الوطني للبحث والتربية - وزارة التربية الوطنية - وفق القرار رقم 0 / م.ع/0 بتاريخ 0 ماي 2010
T a z w a r t
Ha-tt-a tuweḍ-d twala n udlis-a akken ad as-nales. D acu kan, ɣas nules-as, yella wayen yeqqimen akken yella ; yella wayen imseklen deg-s. Am gma-s-nni i d-yeffɣen deg useggas n ulmad 2005/2006, nra ad yili d adlis ara d-isleknen, tikkelt niḍen, belli «tameslayt-a i d-yefrurin deg ṣṣeḥ, ɣur-neɣ, nekkni, ur telhi ara kan i ccḍeḥ». Ɣur-neɣ, telha i taɣulin akk n tudert, d nettat ay d tudert ; ma texḍa, ad teḍru yid-neɣ am winna iɣef yenna umedyaz «laṣel-ik, izgel-ik ; win tebɣiḍ, yugi-k, mel-iyi-d wi k-ilan ?» Akken ad issinen yinelmaden-nneɣ ad arun iḍrisen, tuwi-d ad qeṭṭben ama d ilugan n tseddast n tefyirt, ama d wid n lebni amatu n uḍris. D snat temsal-a uɣur tezzi tidmi-nneɣ deg udlis-a.
Deg udlis-a, llan tlata wanawen n yinaw : tasiwelt, aglam, asegzi. Nerra-d tasiwelt, i-wakken ad izmiren yinelmaden ad gzun belli s wassaɣen yellan ger yiwudan (neɣ yif-it ma yenna-d bnadem imigan) akked temlilt n yal yiwen ay iteddes wullis ; tis snat, awadem, yezmer win yettarun ad as-yefk tawuri niḍen : ad t-id-yeglem alama yuɣal wullis-nni amzun d tilawt ; tis tlata, iwudam ttmeslayen gar-asen, yella melmi i d-tuwi ɣef unallas ad d-yessiweḍ ayen ttemyinin yiwudam am wakken t-id-nnan ; daymi d-nessedda tagzemt swayes ara yissin unelmad amek ara d-iger adiwenni deg wullis.
Ma d asegzi, yuwi amur ameqqran n tgezmin. D netta ay d inaw agejdan deg Useggas wis 3 n Ulmud Alemmas. Timsal iɣef d-yuwi usegzi, ugtent : ansay, yiwet n tewsit n tsekla, tamguri tamensayt, agama, amaɣrad.
Deg wayen yerzan isenfaren, d aselmad d yinelmaden-is kan ay yeẓran d acu yeffɣen fell-asen d wacu i wumi zemren.
Di yal tagzemt, ad tafem :
• Sin yiḍrisen n yiwen wanaw.• Iluɣma n umawal. Iluɣma-a, rzan ama d assaɣen ger wawalen (takenwa d tenmegla),
ama d anamek (tagetnamka, asbadu, iktawalen…).• Tamsirt n tjerrumt d yiluɣma.• Tamsirt n tseftit d yiluɣma.• Tamsirt n trawalt d yiluɣma.• Taɣuri d uzraw n usefru.• Irmad n ufares s tira yeddan d wanaw n yinaw akked tezmert taddayt n tegzemt.
Teggra-d, tura, ma iwala uselmad kra ur neffiɣ ara fell-as ama deg yiḍrisen, ama deg temsirin n tutlayt d yiluɣma, yezmer ad t-ibeddel ; acku anagar netta i yessnen aswir n yinelmaden-is d wacu i asen-ilaqen, maca a-wi-yufan mačči d abeddel i ubeddel.
Imeskaren
agbur
Amur tamɣunt n ulmad Tagzemt Iḍrisen
01
Sb : 07
1
- Asafar di lɣar n waɣzen sb : 08
- Tajeğğigt n wureɣ sb : 14
- Asefru: Sselṭan n Mejbada sb : 16
2
- maksen sb : 18
- ireg sb : 24
- Asefru : Tajewwaqt-iw sb : 26
3
- Masensen sb : 28
- Iɣrem n Yirumanen sb : 34
- Asefru: Taddart n Leqbayel sb : 36
02
Sb : 39
4
- Anẓar sb : 40
- Tamacahut sb : 46
- Asefru: Targit d laẓ sb : 48
5
- Amsal n uqermud sb : 50
- Taleɣt Sb : 56
- Asefru: Yemma tedda ḥafi sb : 58
6
- Urar n walqafen sb : 60
- Takerza sb : 66
- Asefru: Bu-tjewwaqt sb : 68
03 Sb : 71
7
- Ansi i d-itekk ugeffur ? sb : 72
- Aman sb : 78
- Asefru : Ajeğğig sb : 80
8
- Anagraw n yiṭij sb : 82
- Amtiweg n Umaḍal sb : 88
- Asefru : Igujilen sb : 90
agbur
Iferdisen n tutlayt Afares s tira Asiteg
Tajerrumt: Talɣa d twuri n waddad sb : 11
Taseftit : Timeẓra n umyag sb : 12
Tirawalt: Tizelɣiwin n tnila sb : 13
Azenziɣ n yimigan deg
wullis
Sb : 17
Sb : 38
Tajerrumt: imattaren sb : 21
Taseftit: Amyag : Ifeggagen d tmeẓra
sb : 22
Tirawalt: Asigez sb : 23
Taguri n udiwenni deg
wullis
Sb : 27
Tajerrumt: Arbib sb : 31
Taseftit: Amaɣun n yizri sb : 32
Tirawalt: - Tamsertit : “i”+ i/y. Sb : 33
Tira n uḍris agelman
Sb : 37
Tajerrumt: Tibawt sb : 43
Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir sb : 44
Tirawalt: -Tamsertit: d+t, ḍ+t sb : 45
Tira n uḍris asegzay
Sb : 49
Sb : 70Tajerrumt: Asmekti n yisemmaden sb : 53
Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir ussid sb : 54
Tirawalt: Tamsertit : Tazelɣa n tnila « d»
d umatar «t» sb : 55
Tira n uḍris asegzay
Sb : 59
Tajerrumt : Anammal n usentel sb : 63
Taseftit : Amaɣun n yizri ibaway sb : 64
Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila sb : 65
Tira n uḍris asegzay
Sb : 69
Tajerrumt : Asemmad agensay sb : 75
Taseftit : Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway sb : 76
Tirawalt : Tamsertit : « d » n trila + amqim awsil sb : 77
Tira n uḍris asegzay
Sb : 81
Sb : 92
Tajerrumt : Tafyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt :
sb : 85
Taseftit : Tafelwit n tseftit sb : 86
Tirawalt : Tamsertit : ad + amqim awsil sb : 87
Tira n uḍris asegzay
Sb : 91
Amur amezwaru :
Tira n wullis ama d amakun ama icuba ɣer tilawt.
Ad sleɣ i tmacahut, ad tt-ɣreɣ i wakken:
1 - Ad ẓreɣ tamlilt n yal awadem deg wullis.
2 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-gellmen iwudam deg wullis.
3 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-gellmen adeg.
4 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-ikeccem udiwenni deg wullis.
Am
ur a
mez
war
u
Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira
1
- Asafar di lɣar n
waɣzen sb : 08
- Tajeğğigt n wureɣ
sb : 14
- Asefru :
- Sselṭan n Mejbada
sb : 16
Tajerrumt: Talɣa d
twuri n waddad sb : 11
Taseftit : Timeẓra n
umyag sb : 12
Tirawalt: Tizelɣiwin n
tnila sb : 13
Azenziɣ n yimigan deg wullis
2
- maksen sb : 18
- ireg sb : 24
- Asefru :
- Tajewwaqt-iw
sb : 26
Tajerrumt : imattaren
sb : 21
Taseftit: Amyag :
Ifeggagen d tmeẓra
sb : 22
Tirawalt: Asigez sb : 23
Taguri n udiwenni deg wullis
3
- Masensen sb : 28
- Iɣrem n Yirumanen
sb : 34
- Asefru: Taddart n
Leqbayel sb : 36
Tajerrumt: Arbib sb : 31
Taseftit: Amaɣun n
yizri sb : 32
Tirawalt : - Tamsertit :
“i”+ i/y. Sb : 33
Aglam n umdan akked wadeg
�
Tagz
emt 1
ut
AḍrisAsafar, di lɣar n Waɣzen i yella
Amacahu, Rebbi ad tt-yesselhu, ad tiɣzif amzun d asaru.
Zik-nni, yella yiwen n ugellid - agellid ɣas Rebbi - yesεa kan arrac. Tameṭṭut-is tra ad d-sεun taqcict. Kkes-d sani ur uwiḍen ulac. Armi dayen teεya ccedda, terna ɣur-sen teqcict, d ayen i d tiziri. Semman-as Tamella. Asmi tuweḍ d tilemẓit, ttasment akk tullas di tfulki-s.
Yiwen wass, ha-tt-a tusa-d yiwet n temɣart, tbedd-d ɣef umnar tessutur tin n Rebbi. Ldin-as-id tawwurt, tekcem, fkan-as ad tečč. Cwiṭ akka wiss d acu i d-teddem seg yiciwi-s, terra-t ɣer daxel n tsebbalt. Yiwen ur as-ifaq. Ziɣ d imsebli i tger ɣer tsebbalt-nni, win yeswan d amezwaru, ad igen, ur mazal ara ad d-yaki. Tessawel-as i yelli-s n ugellid tenna-as : « Awi-d kan ad sweɣ a yelli di leεnaya-m.» Tuwi-as-id aman, mi truḥ ad as-ten-tmekken, tenna-as tnebgiwt-nni n Rebbi : « Sew kan a yelli ad waliɣ, qqaren-d : imi tcebḥeḍ, mi ara tettesseḍ ttbinin-d waman di tgerjumt-im. » Teswa Tmella dɣa imir kan tezder deg yiḍes. Rğan ad d-taki, rğan ad d-taki, ulac. Ikker ugellid iger tiɣri i yimdanen akk n tmurt-is, yenna-asen :
« Ha-tt-a yelli wiss d acu i tt-yuɣen ; tura, ma yella deg-wen win izemren ad d-yaf ayen swayes ara d-taki, ad tt-yaɣ yernu ad t-rreɣ d agellid. »
Kkren wat-tmurt-nni d tirni, yal wa d acu iɣer yesnezgem i wakken ad yuɣal d agellid maca ur yelli win i d-yufan kra n tifrat. Yiwen n yilemẓi d asusam, d uḥric, yeffeɣ taddart, ur yenni i ḥedd. Tiẓgi tettakk-it i tayeḍ, yessaram ad d-yemlil imɣi ara d-yessakin tucbiḥt. Iteddu, iteddu armi iwala iraggen tteffɣen-d seg yiwen n utemmu di tlemmast n teẓgi. Yuẓa ɣur-s, yeldi tawwurt, yekcem yufa amɣar.
Yenna-as : « Greɣ-ak Rebbi ma ur iyi-tenniḍ d acu-k a lxelq ! »Yerra-as-id : « D nekk i wumi qqaren amɣar azemni, ɣur-i i ferrun medden tilufa yekkan
nnig yiɣil-nsen. Ma tella kra n taluft i k-id-yuwin aql-i da. » Yules-as yilemẓi-nni tadyant am wakken tella. Yenna-as-d umɣar-nni :« Ad teqqimeḍ kra n wussan di teẓgi alama d asmi ara tessiwḍeḍ ad d-tekkseḍ timellalin ddaw
tsekkurt ur tettaki. » Dɣa seg wass-nni aqcic-nni iεerreḍ ad ixdem ayen akken i as-yenna umɣar-nni. Maca armi d ass wis sebεa i yessaweḍ yekkes-d timellalin ddaw tsekkurt ur tuki. Yuɣal ɣer umɣar azemni, yenna-as-id : « Ečč timellalin-nni. Azekka di tafrara, rkeb ɣef ugmar-agi amellal, maca ɣurek ! Iḍarren-is n sdat d usem ma d wid n deffir d tirmegt. Aɣ abrid-ik ɣer usgen n Waɣzen, ad d-tekkseḍ imɣi yellan ddaw n usummet-is, d win i d asafar ara yessejjin yelli-s n ugellid. »
9
Yeṭṭef abrid-is. Deg usmenɣer n tiṭ, yuweḍ tamurt n Waɣzen. Yufa zzin-as sebεa leswar i usgen-is. Yeqqen ayis-is, izger i yiɣerban yiwen yiwen. Armi yeɣli yiṭij i yuweḍ. Yesla-as i Waɣzen mi i d-yuweḍ, yesdewnin weḥd-s : « emm… yella win i d-ikecmen akal-iw, ad t-ččeɣ, ččeɣ tamurt iɣef iteddu ». Yeεna yeṭṭes. Uḥric-nni yudef ɣer lɣar n Waɣzen, yuẓa ɣer wanda yeṭṭes, yemmeɣ ad d-yekkes imɣi-nni dɣa iqleb aberdi umcum-nni. Yettermimiz. Ilemẓi-nni tfukk fell-as ddunit. Yerğa armi iwala aseṭṭaf-nni yuɣal ɣer tguni, yekkes-d imɣi ddaw n tsumta-s ur yuki. Izger-d i leswar. Irkeb-d aεudiw, yeṭṭef-d abrid-is d affug. Din-din yuweḍ-d ɣer teɣremt n ugellid. Ddzen imɣi-nni, surgen-as kra n tmeqwa deg wanzaren-is i teqcict dɣa tuki-d amzun d tanafa tawezzlant kan i tesεedda.
Tuzyint yuɣ-itt yilemẓi bu-tebɣest. Yuɣal d agellid ɣef tmurt. Gan tameɣra n sebεa wussan d sebεa wuḍan. Ddren tudert n sser d liser.
Tamacahut-iw tefra am uεeqqa di tferka. Remḍan ΣACUR d Ʃli LEWNIS
Asegzi n wawalen :tra : tebɣaUsem : lebraqTirmegt : rrεud
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Ʃzizet Tmella ɣer yimawlan-is neɣ ala ? Ayɣer ?2. D acu i yeḍran d Tmella ?3. D acu i d tamentilt n wayen i d-yeḍran ?4. Anwa asafar i yessejjin yelli-s n ugellid ?5. Anta tafyirt i d-yessegzayen anwa i d amɣar azemni ?6. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n Tmella.7. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n yilemẓi-nni.8. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris awalen i d-yettalsen abdar n waɣzen.9. Af-d seg wansi i tebda d wanda i tekfa tegnit tamezwarut n tmacahut-a.10. Anwi umlan i d-yettunefken di tegnit-a ?11. Anta tadyant i d-yeslalen taluft ?12. D acu i d-iḍefren tadyant-a mm-taluft ?13. Amek tefra taluft ?14. Seg mi tefra taluft, d acu i d-yeḍran ?15. Anwi iwudam yellan deg uḍris ?16. D acu i ilaqen i Tmella i wakken ad tejji ?17. Anwa i yessawlen i yimdanen akken ad d-afen asafar ?18. Anwa i iruḥen ad t-id-yawi ?19. Anwa i yufa d amalal ?20. D acu i d-yemlal d ugur, ibedd-d mgal-is ?21. Ha-t-a uzenziɣ n yimigan, yal awadem n tmacahut err-it anida iwata
Amazan
Imalalen
Taɣawsa
Anembad
Anermas
Amnamar
Tagzemt 1
ut
10
- Ittakk Rebbi irden - Ittakk Rebbi irden - I i yir tuɣmas.
Tagz
emt 1
ut
Amawal
1 - Llan wawalen ilan aṭas n yinumak, yal anamek anta tafyirt ideg d-yettban.
Af-d inumak ila umyag « aɣ » di tefyar-a :
● Wiss d acu i tt-yuɣen ?
● Aɣ abrid-ik ɣer usgen n waɣzen.
● Tuzyint, yuɣ-itt yilemẓi.
Af-d sin yinumak niḍen ila umyag « aɣ», err-it di snat tefyar
2 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris sin yiknawen n wawal « aεudiw ».
3 - Ɣer tabadut i d-iteddun, af-d deg uḍris anwa awal i wumi twata :
● Tbedd ɣef umnar● Yenna-as-d umɣar.● Tger imsebli ɣer tsebbalt.● Tezder deg yiḍes.● Yella yiwen n ugellid yesεa kan arrac.● Zzin leswar i usgen n yizem
Isestanen :1. D acu-ten wawalen-agi yettuderren ?2. Anwa addad ideg llan, d ilelli neɣ d amaruz ?3. D acu i d-yeskanen deg-sen addad-nsen?4. Af-d addad n yal isem tiniḍ-d amek yuleɣ umaruz-is.5. D acu i d tawuri n yal yiwen deg yismawen yettuderren?
Ad cfuɣ
Isem yesεa sin n waddaden: addad ilelli (md: axxam) d waddad amaruz (md: uxxam).Amek yettaleɣ umaruz ? Yettaleɣ :
● S ubeddel n [a] s [u] : abrid ubrid (xas ma neqqar-d webrid)● S tmerna n [w] : awal wawal, udem wudem.● S tmerna n [y] : iles yiles, imensi yimensi (deg umeslay, imensi ulac amaruz).● S uɣelluy n teɣri tamezwarut : tameṭṭut tmeṭṭut, tamurt tmurt.● S ubeddel n teɣri [a] neɣ [i] s [e]: taqcict teqcict, tislatin teslatin.
Melmi yettili yisem d amaruz ? Isem, yettili d amaruz mi ara yili d asemmad asegzay, ama d asemmad n umeskar: (yedda uqcic), ama d asemmad n useɣru arumyig (d uḥric uqcic-a). yettili daɣ d amaruz mi ara yeḍfer tanzeɣt, ama d asemmad s tenzeɣt ( iffeɣ ɣer uzaɣar), ama d asemmad n yisem (yuwi tasarut n tewwurt)Gret tamawt : 1. llan yismawen ur nesεi ara addad: wid ibeddun s tergalt ( fad, laẓ, beṭṭu,
3. Af-d tawuri n yal awal yettuderren:● Yuwet-d ubruri, yessa-d i udfel.● Yerza ɣer wayla-s, yufa-d timellalin n tsekkurt. ● Yal taggara n yimalas, yettaṭṭaf-d imerga d imeqqranen i yigerdan n udrum-is.
12
Tagz
emt 1
ut
Taseftit Timeẓra n umyag
Ɣer imedyaten-a● Zik, yella yiwen n ugellid.● Kkes-d sani ur uwiḍen.● Tessutur tin n Rebbi.● Ad tt-yaɣ yernu ad t-rreɣ d agellid.● Sew kan a yelli.
Isestanen :
1 - Af-d imyagen yellan di tefyar-a n ufella.2 - Ini-d anta timeẓri uɣur yefti yal amyag.3 - Amek i tga tigawt i d-yessenfalay yal amyag ?
Ad cfuɣ
Amyag, yezmer ad yefti : - deg yizri, d ilaway neɣ d ibaway : tigawt-is teḍra, temda. - deg wurmir aḥerfi, s « ad » neɣ war « ad » : tigawt-is urεad teḍri, ahat ad teḍru. - deg wurmir ussid : tigawt-is ɣezzifet, tettwallas, d tigawt n tannumi. Yezmer daɣen ad
yefti deg wanaḍ : yessenfalay-d asendeh.
GM : anaḍ ur yettusemma ara d timeẓri n umyag, afeggag n umyag deg wanaḍ am win n wurmir aḥerfi.
Iluɣma
1 - Ini-d deg wacu yefti yal amyag di tefyar-a :
● Nniɣ-as : « Kker », yugi, zzher-iw yeṛwa rray-is.● Ɣurwat a medden ur ttruḥut ara.● Ma yella ttamnen, ttawi ttesbiḥ deg ufus-ik.● Ad ruḥeɣ ad awen-ğğeɣ tamurt yekcem waḍu n tisselbi.● Ay ixef-iw, rfed asefru, nniɣ-ak : « sber, ur ttru ».● Tamaziɣt, teḥwağ lehna, tejreḥ uqbel Ṛṛuman.
2 - Sefti amyag « sel » akked wudem wis 3 n wasuf amalay (netta) deg :● Yizri ilaway● Yizri ibaway● Wurmir aḥerfi● Wurmir ussid.
13
Tagzemt 1
ut Tirawalt
Tizelɣiwin n tnila
Ɣer imedyaten-a:
● Maksen, yemmeslay-iyi-d.● Yedda-d gma-s.● Ur zmireɣ ara ad n-azzleɣ, aql-i ḥafi.● Amek! Illa wacu i d-tuwiḍ ?
Isestanen :1. Derrer imyagen n tefyar-agi.2. Anwi awalen i d-yeqqnen ɣer umyag s tezdit?3. Ma neṭṭef tafyirt tis 2, limer ad nekkes tizdit ad ibeddel unamek neɣ ala?4. Acu i d-rennun wawalen-agi i umyag uɣur qqnen?5. Anwa adeg i ttaɣen wawalen-agi?
Ad cfuɣ
Tizelɣiwin n tnila sskanent-d tanila iɣer tettarra tigawt Md : - iruḥ-d - iruḥ-nTazelɣa « d » tettarra tigawt ɣer win yettmeslayen, ma d tazelɣa“n“ tettarra tigawt ɣer win i wumi ttmeslayen.Tizelɣiwin n tnila zewwirent amyag neɣ ṭṭafarent-t.- ad d-yas. - melmi ara d-yas - ur d-yusi - la d-yettawi.- awi-t-id. - ifka-ten-id - yuwi-as-t-in. - ayen i d-iqqimen. - amek i n-iruḥ?Ttarran tizdit:
- ger yimyagen d yiwsilen-nsen : yenna-as. - ger tzelɣiwin n tnila d umyag (ama zwarent ama ggrant) : yusa-d , ad d-yas. - ger yisenkaden d yimqimen iwsilen : aql-i, ha-t. - ger tenzeɣt d uwsil-is: ɣur-sen.
Iluɣma
1 - Err tizdit anda tlaq.
- Ur d yusi, ur d iceyyeε, ur d iruḥ ɣer warraw-is.- Aql i usreɣ am yitbir aksum.- Yuwi as t in.- Ifka ten id- Ayen i d yeqqimen, fkiɣ awen ten.- Ansi i d tusiḍ ay agu, ay agu i d yuwi waḍu?- Ha tt an la tettnadi leεrac.
2 - Efk-d tifyar (imedyaten) i kra n wanda tettili tezdit.
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Aḍris Tajeğğigt n wureɣ
Tella yiwet n teqcict qqaren-as Lunğa, tufrar-d ger tezyiwin-is di ccbaḥa. Baba-s n Lunğa d agellid. Iḥemmel yelli-s am umemmu n tiṭ-is.
Yiwen wass tuḍen Lunğa, iɣli-d fell-as waṭṭan urğin yelli win i t-issnen. Baba-s iffeɣ-it leεqel, inuda-d akk imsujjiyen n tmurt ur yelli win i as-yufan ixef-is. Agellid yuɣal am umeslub. Iger tiɣri i yimdanen i wakken ad as-id-awin tajeğğigt n wureɣ. Iṛeggem-asen belli win ara tt-id-yawin ad as-yefk yelli-s yernu ad t-yerr d agellid.
Di tmurt-nni, yella yiwen n yilemẓi tuwi Lunğa fell-as iḍes. Iḥemmel-itt, ibɣa ad tt-yaɣ maca netta d igellil. Asmi yesla i teɣri n ugellid ɣas akken yeẓra urğin yelli win yessawḍen ad d-yawi tajeğğigt n wureɣ, yenna-as : « D tagi i d tagnit rğiɣ acḥal ay-a, s tjeğğigt-agi n wureɣ ara awḍeɣ ɣer tjeğğigt n wul-iw, ad tt-id-ssiseɣ neɣ ad mmteɣ deg unadi fell-as ». Yeṭṭef abrid ɣer umɣar azemni. Yenna-as-id umɣar nni : « Ruḥ ɣer udrar aberkan, ad tafeḍ dinna yiwet n tjeğğigt n wureɣ, awi-tt-id i yelli-s n ugellid, ad as-tili d asafar ara tt-issejjin ma irad Rebbi ».
Iruḥ yilemẓi-nni, yuwi yid-s ikerri. Abrid yuɣ yessa d uguren, maca d abrid ara t-issemlilen d tin izedɣen ul-is.Tiɣilt tettakk-it i tayeḍ, amadaɣ yettakk-it i wayeḍ armi yuweḍ. Yufa yiwen yizem yelluẓ, d netta i d aεessas n teẓgi. Mi t-id-israḥ yesla-as iqqar-as « Σuhdeɣ Rebbi ar win ara iyi-id-ifken ad ččeɣ alama ṛwiɣ, ard as-fkeɣ ula d tajeğğigt n wureɣ ». Imir, netta yeffeɣ-d, yefka-as ikerri-nni, yuẓa ɣer tjeğğigt n wureɣ. Tban-as-id tettirriq di tlemmast n udrar aberkan.
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Tagzemt 1
ut Yuɣal-d s tjeğğigt-nni. Yerra ɣer teɣremt n ugellid, isali yuɣ-d akk tamurt dɣa usan-
d yimezdaɣ ad ḥedren i tedyant. Yufa agellid, imsujjiyen, amɣar azemni, akked uɣref d tirni ttrağun-t. Ifka-as tajeğğigt i Lunğa, yeffeɣ-itt waṭṭan.
Tamurt tedhen-itt tumert. Sebεa wussan d sebεa wuḍan d tameɣra. Ilemẓi-nni i yellan d aẓawali, yuɣal d agellid yerna yufa ul n wul-is. Agellid, tura, iffeɣ-it uɣbel : netta tuweḍ-d tallit ad isgunfu ; yelli-s akked tmurt-is ger yifassen n laman i llan.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. S wacu i tufrar Lunğa ɣef tezyiwin-is?2. Acu tegziḍ di tefyirt-a: Iḥemmel yelli-s am umemmu n tiṭ-is?3. Anwa arraz i iṛeggem ugellid i win ara as-id-yawin asafar i yelli-s?4. Acu yessawḍen ilemẓi-nni ad inadi ɣef usafar ara yessejjin Lunğa?5. Anwi uguren i d-yemlal?6. Yessaweḍ yuwi-d asafar neɣ ala?7. Amek yexdem?8. Amek i as-id-ggran wussan?9. Af-d awalen (d ismawen neɣ d irbiben) i d-yettalsen abdar n Lunğa.10. Af-d imataren udmawanen i d-yettalsen abdar n Lunğa.11. Semres isenfalen ama d ismawen ama d irbiben ama d imataren ama d iwsilen swayes ara tekkseḍ
allus ur nwata ara. Tzemreḍ daɣen ad tekkseḍ awalen i ilaqen ad ttwakksen :
Masin d ilemẓi, iḥemmel Taseεdit. Taseεdit tra aqefḍan ur yegzim lemqes ur txaḍ tsegnit. Iruḥ Masin ad d-yawi aqefḍan i Tseεdit. Yuwi-d aqefḍan. Yefka aqefḍan Masin i Tseεdit.
III) Azenziɣ n yimigan d tegnatin n wullis1 - Suffeɣ-d tignatin n tmacahut Tajeğğigt n wureɣ.2 - Suffeɣ-d aɣawas n yimigan yellan di tmacahut Tajeğğigt n wureɣ..
Ad cfuɣ
Asmekti : s umata, di tmacahut, ttilint, kradet n tegnatin :- tagnit tamezwarut, ttilin deg-s yisalan yerzan akud, adeg d yiwudam ; ur d-ḍerrunt ara deg-
s tedyanin.- tagnit tis snat : talalit n taluft + tigawin + ferru n taluft- tagnit n taggara : tettemcabi ɣer tmezwarut xas akken ur tent-kifkif ara. Ulac deg-s taluft. Yal awadem deg wullis, ladɣa di tmacahut, ila tamlilt, yella :- win neɣ tin yuznen i wakken ad d-yettwaḍebber kra.- win neɣ tin ara yeṭṭfen ayen akken i d-yettwaḍebbren.- taɣawsa-nni i ilaqen ad d-tettwaḍebber.- anembaḍ: win neɣ tin i d-yuwin taɣawsa (imɣi)- imalalen: win neɣ tin neɣ ayen iεawnen anembaḍ- imnamaren: win neɣ tin neɣ ayen i d-yufa d ugur unembaḍ.
Imeskaren
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Tagz
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AsefruSselṭan n Mejbada
Deg yidurar n Mejbada,Yiwen sselṭan mechur,Deg uzal ineqq at-tmira,Mi d deg-yiḍ ad isxerxur.Ur iṛewwu tanafa ;Ɣas mi ten-yurgaAd as-rẓen aqecrur
Ikker-d deg yiḍ yettsuɣu,yusa-d ɣur-s lewzir-is.Inna-as : « Ay ahruḥu, Taluft-a yeḍher yixef-is.Tamurt-a, ad tt ynemḥu,Yiwen ur ileḥḥu,Imir-nni ad ifru ccɣel-is ».
Ula d yiwen ur d-yettagarDi ccɣel-is ad ineqqi.Dayen ad ixlu tuddarI wakken ad yetthenni.Lewzir-is ur t-ittnamar,Iɣli ɣef tgecrar,Ula d acu ara d-yini.
Isestanen :
1. Asefru-a d tamacahut :a - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit tamezwarut.b - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit tis snat.c - Af-d deg wansi i tebda d wanda i tfukk tegnit n taggara.
2. Sselṭan n Mejbada, d asnaraf (amesbaṭli) neɣ d uɣdim (aḥeqqi) ? Kkes-d seg uḍris ayen swayes ara tesbeddeḍ tiririt inek.
3. Mi akken ineqq at-tmira, sselṭan, yettaf talwit neɣ ala ?
4. Amek yexdem i wakken ad yetthenni ?
5. Seg mi yenɣa wid akk yettidiren di tmurt-nni, yufa talwit neɣ ala ?
6. Mejbada d tamurt yellan di tilawt neɣ d amedyaz kan i tt-id-yesnulfan
Yenɣa akk kra d-yeqqimen,Aqcic, argaz, tameṭṭut.S umɣar s win d-ilulen,Isukk akk, deg-sen tafrut.Ulli, iɣyal, uccanen,Iwtal, izmawen…Win ara imeḍlen yemmut.
Yeqqim tameddit-nni, Ala lewzir d amwanes.Ha-t-ayen la d-yettmekti,Yeɣli-d yiḍ, yezzi ɣur-s :Ur ttixir ara syagi !Tura keččini,Enɣ-iyi ma qqleɣ s iḍes.
Muḥend u Yeḥya,
Isuɣel-d aḍris n Prevert
« le sultan du Cachemir »
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Agellid
Imalalen
Ayefki n tsedda di teglimt n mmi-s
Ilemẓi iran yelli-s n ugellid
Tameṭṭut n ugellid
Imnamaren
Tagzemt 1
ut D nekk ara yarun
1- Suffeɣ-d azenziɣ n yimigan yellan di tmacahut-a, rnu ssuffeɣ-d tignatin n wullis.
Zik-nni, yella yiwen n ugellid, d tullas kan i yesεa. Yessi-s, di sebεa uwlent akkit. Netta, iḥulfa d lawan ad d-yaf win ara yuɣalen deg umkan-is. Yebda iferren ger yiḍulan-is anwa ara yerr d agellid. Yettnadi ad iẓer anwa deg-sen i yuklalen ad yuɣal deg umkan-is.
Yiwen wass, igrew-iten-id yenna-asen : « Aql-i uḍneɣ aṭṭan diri-t ; tura, ad awen-sutreɣ ad iyi-id-tawim ayen ara yi-issejjin. Ɣef wakken ssneɣ, anagar tteffaḥ i d-izegren i sebεa yillen i d asafar iwatan ».
Kkren, yirgazen-nni di sebεa, ṭṭfen abrid ɣer tmurt urğin ssinen. Kkes-d amek ur swakkṛen, ur ssawḍen ara ad d-afen amek ara zegren i yillen-nni.
Yiwen ger yiḍulan n ugellid, yerza ɣer uftis n yilel, yettεassa dinna. Yeggar tamawt i kra yellan. Yiwet n tikkelt di tafrara, yendekwal-d, yessaki-t-id ssut n yiferrawen. Yessakked, yufa d igider anect ila-t. Yerza ɣer umɣar azemni : « A baba amɣar azemni, af-iyi-d amek ara zegreɣ ». Yemla-as-id umɣar-nni.
Yezla azger aberqac. Yekkes-d seg-s sebεa tecriḥin. Yuweḍ ɣer tama n yilel amezwaru, yettrağu dinna armi iwala igider-nni. Yenna-as : « Σahed-iyi s Rebbi ar d iyi-tzegreḍ. Nekk, si tama-w εuhdeɣ-k ar-d tawiḍ tunṭict”. Yeqbel yigder-nni.Yerkeb ger wafriwen-is. Yal mi zeggren yiwen n yilel ad as-yefk yiwet n tecriḥt. Akken, akken, armi d ilel wis sebεa ; iruḥ ad as-imekken tacriḥt dɣa teɣli-as. Amek ara yexdem ? Yeṭṭef lmus igzem-d tacriḥt si tqesbuḍt-is. Akken i as-tt-yefka, yenna-as-id yigider-nni : « Emm… merriɣet. Limer mačči d lemεahda n Rebbi ad ak-bruɣ ɣer ger tangiwin ». Izger-it, yuwi-d tteffaḥ-nni. Mi i d-yuweḍ, yufa-d islifen-nni-ines ttrağun-t, yenna-asen : « Ad awen-fkeɣ tteffaḥ ad t-tawim, maca ad awen-id-kkseɣ tifednin nwen timecṭaḥ. Ma d nekk ur tedduɣ ara ». Qeblen. Ruḥen d tazzla ɣer ugellid ad awin cciεa. Yesnezgim ugellid d acu n yirem niḍen swayes ara d-yaf anwa iẓewren. Ur-din akka, ḥa-t-a yuweḍ-d uḍewwal-nni i d-yuwin tteffaḥ-nni. Yenna-as i ugellid : « D nekk i d-yuwin tteffaḥ ay agellid ». Islifen-nni-ines nekṛen-t akk. Yuwet ɣer uqrab-is, ijbed-d tifednin-nni. Yenna-as i ugellid : « Ini-asen tura ad ak-d sseknen ma sεan tifednin timecṭaḥ ». Yessuter deg-sen ugellid ad as-id-mlen akk iḍarren-nsen, dɣa widak tessebleε-iten lqaεa.
Yuɣal d agellid. Usan-d akk wat-tmurt unzen-as.
2 - Aru-d tamacahut s uzenziɣ n yimigan-a :
Asegzi :Swikkeṛ : mi ara tekkreḍ i wayen umi ur tezmireḍ ara. Iknawen-is : mεireḍ, swatterIrem (seg arem) : εreḍ, d ayen swayes ara tjerrbeḍ kra neɣ alebeεḍ .
1�
AḍrisMaksen
Zik-nni llan sin watmaten d igujilen. Nḥafen aṭas
yerna zgan muɣebnen, imi urğin ččin ad ṛwun.
Yiwen yiḍ, inɣa-ten laẓ, rnan fad akked usemmiḍ armi ula d iḍes yejla-asen. Kkren ttxemmimen amek ara xedmen akken ad ffɣen si liḥala ideg ttilin. Anarag-nsen d anesbaɣur: addaynin-is iwerrek d ulli d tɣeṭṭen, aqwir-is, yeččur d igumma d yizegza, nutni isenzef-iten laẓ.
Tigullelt, tessencaf : degmi sin n watmaten ffɣen seg uxxam, ṭṭfen abrid n lexla. Yiwen yuwi yid-s acekkar, wayeḍ d tafrut.
Amezwaru yerra s addaynin n unarag-nsen yettnadi ɣef yikerri amegrus. Ma d wayeḍ, yudef s aqwir, yebda agzam n yizegza, yettarra ɣer ucekkar. Anarag, yesla i kra n lḥess ɣer berra, yessawel i mmi-s : ɣur-k kan!
- Ṛuḥ ẓer acu akka yesderbizen deg uqwir, glu s uydi-nni. Aydi-nni ssawalen-as Maksen. Di berra, d tillas timḍellas. Mi yeldi uqcic tawwurt n uqwir, yessawel : « Maksen! Maksen! »
Imi d tillas timḍellas, aqcic ur iwala ara anwa i as-d- yerran awal, iɣil d aydi-nni-ines. Tekcem-it tergagayt, yerwel s axxam s tazzla. Iwala-t-id baba-s, yenna-as: « D acu i k-yuɣen »?
- Maksen, imeslay-iyi-d. s yixef n yemma ar d tidet.
- Maksen? Aydi-nneɣ?
- Siwel-as kečč, ad twaliḍ.
Bab n uxxam, yeffeɣ-d yettḥeyyer, dɣa yessawel!
- Maksen!
- Yerra-as-d umakar: « ih! Aql-i da! »
Yewhem urgaz, yettḥeyyer deg wayen yesla.
« A mmi, urğin sliɣ neɣ ẓriɣ ay-agi!
- Azzel, ruḥ ɣer Baba-Amɣar n taddart, ini-as ad d-yas yerna ad d-yeglu s nnesxa-nni-ines.
Aqcic yuɣ-as awal i baba-s, yuzzel din-din.
- A baba-amɣar, teḍra tɣawsa deg uxxam-nneɣ tessewham. La ak-yeqqar baba: « As-d tegluḍ-d s nnesxa-k. »
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- Ur zmireɣ ara ad azzleɣ yid-k, aql-i ḥafi.
Yerra-as uqcic:« ad k-bibbeɣ ». Yeddem-it uqcic ɣef tuyat-is, igzem-d s temɣawla s axxam. Deg ubrid i d-uwin i llan yimakaren-nni.
- Amakar-nni, igezzmen igumma d yizegza, iwala Baba-Amɣar mebεid iɣil d gma-s, dɣa yebda yessaram, yenna-as : « Amek! Illa wacu i d-tuwiḍ ? »
Aqcic i d-yeddan d Baba-Amɣar, mi yesla i usiwel, iɣil d baba-s i as-d-yessawlen, yerra-as : « ih! Yella.»
Baba-Amɣar, kfan deg-s yifadden, ineggez-d ɣer lqaεa, yefka-tt d tarewla. Maca aqendur-is yeṭṭef-as ufurek, ur yezmir ara ad d-yuɣal ɣer-s ad t-id-yekkes, ikemmel kan akken d tarewla.
Mi d-yeffeɣ umakar s yikerri seg uddaynin, yufa-d aqendur ɣef ẓẓerb, yewhem, irfed-it-id, dɣa yessawel i gma-s i d-yuwin acekkar n yigumma d yizegza, ad d-yas ɣur-s, ad uɣalen s axxam.
Uɣalen-d yimakaren s axxam, s ucmumeḥ d teḍsa, qqlen d inesbuɣar.
Akken qqaren wat zik, win irun tanezzayt, yezmer ad yeḍs tameddit
Odilon Redon, Arbre et Etoiles
Yessuɣel-it-id Ʃ. LEWNIS
Iwerrek : yeččur armi d ulamek, imelles.Amegrus : win yeṛwan
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Amek tettwaliḍ tanmegla ger tudert n sin watmaten d unarag nsen?2. Melmi teḍra tedyant-agi ?3. Acu n wawalen i d-yesskanen aya?4. Ayen ɣer Baba-Amɣar n taddart i yuzen urgaz mmi-s? 5. Acuɣer ur d-yeddi ara yid-s umɣar d umatu?6. Ayen i d-yettarra awal umakar i uqcic d baba-s mi sawlen Maksen? 7. Isem «Maksen» d awal uddis, amek yuleɣ ?8. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan ?9. Acu i d tawsit n umur amezwaru (tseddart 1ut) n uḍris?10. Anwi i d iwudam ixataren ?11. Muqel asigez n uḍris tiniḍ-d melmi i nerra : tajerriḍt sdat tefyar.12. Acu i aɣ-d-sskanent tusligin di tefyar ?13. Anda i tent-nettarra?14. Amek i as-neqqar i wanaw-agi n uḍris?15. Acu n temsirt i tzemreḍ ad tt-tafeḍ di tefyirt taneggarut? 16. Acu yugten deg uḍris, d tasiwelt neɣ d adiwenni ?
D umatu : din-din, imir kan.
Tagzemt tis2
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Amawal
1 - Suffeɣ-d si tseddart tamezwarut n uḍris sin wawalen ilan yiwen unamek, syin err-iten di tefyar.
2 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris aktawal n tigullelt tiniḍ-ḍ amek-itt tudert n sin watmaten.
3 - Af-d anamek n umyag « ṭṭef » di yal tafyirt.● Sin watmaten ṭṭfen abrid n lexla.● Aqcic-ina yeṭṭef-d amergu.● Yeṭṭef-d takarḍa n Yennayer.● Ma yeṭṭef awal ur as-iberru.● Ṭṭef imi-k.● Yeṭṭef-aɣ ṭṭlam di teẓgi.● Tameṭṭut-agi teṭṭef addud.● Iselsa-agi ṭṭfen-iyi sin n yiseggasen.● Asmi akken ur xeddmeɣ ara d netta i iyi-ṭṭfen afus.● Iṭṭef-d s gma-s.● Yeṭṭef-iyi wudem-ik.● Ur yettaṭṭaf ara udfel d tama n yilel.● Akken kan iwala izem yeṭṭef-itt d tarewla.
4 - Awal « amakar » d isem n umeskar yuleɣ s tmerna n uzwir « am » : am+ aker.- Nadi deg uḍris isem n umeskar niḍen, ad yili yuleɣ s uzwir niḍen.
5 - Efk-d isem n umeskar i d -yeffɣen seg wawalen-agi.
Idir
Eks
Urar
Izmir
Issin
6. Qqen yal isem ɣer unamek-is (d aqcic i d-yettmeslayen)
Isem n timmarewt Anamek-is
Baba YemmaGmaUletmaΣemmtiXaltiAyawTayawt
- Gma-s n baba- D yelli-s n uletma- D nettat i yi-d-yurwen- Gma-s n yemma- Baba-s n baba- Mmi-s n uletma- mmi-s n yemma - D netta i yi-d-yeğğan
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Tagzemt tis2
Tajerrumt
ImattarenƔer imedyaten-a :
● D acu i k-yuɣen?● Yella wacu i d-tuwiḍ ?
Isestanen :1. Acu-t wanaw n tefyirt-agi? 2. Acu i t-id-yemmalen?3. Anwa awal swayes tebda?4. Acu i d-yemmal wawal-agi?5. Amek i as-qqaren?
Ad cfuɣ
Llant snat n tefyar timattarin: - Yiwet s umattar. Md: anwa argaz i d-yusan? - Tayeḍ mebla amattar. Md: ad tedduḍ azekka?
Amattar yezmer ad d-yas weḥd-s di tazwara n tefyirt. md: Acu teččiḍ? Neɣ ad t-id-tezwir « d » n tilawt. D acu i d-yuwi ? neɣ tanzeɣt « n ». N wacu-ten yidrimen-a?Asesten yezmer ad d-yawi :
- ɣef wadeg : - anda yezdeɣ ?- ɣef wakud : - melmi ara d-yaweḍ ?- ɣef tɣara : - amek iga ?- ɣef tesmekta : - acḥal n yidlisen i teɣriḍ ?
● …… iga daxel, uxxam-ina ?● …… i d-yusan ɣur-wen iḍelli?● ….. .. ara tenseḍ ?● ….. .. ur d-tusiḍ ara ɣer tmeɣra n gma-k?● ……. i t-yuɣen ugrud-ina mi la yettru ?● …….. i d tamurt-ik ?● …….. i d azal n tkerrust-ina ?● …….. i terriḍ ?
Llan yimyagen sεan 04 n yifeggagen, yal timeẓri s ufeggag-is: afeggag deg yizri, wayeḍ deg yizri ibaway, wayeḍ deg wurmir aḥerfi, wayeḍ deg wurmir ussid. D amedya : amyag aḍen. - Llan yimyagen yesεan kan tlata n yifeggagen, ur ttgen ara amgarad ger yizri d wurmir
(Md: yekrez / ad yekrez).
- Llan daɣen yimyagen sεan kan sin yifeggagen: yiwen ufeggag deg yizri d yizri ibaway d wurmir, afeggag niḍen deg wurmir ussid (Md: imuqel, ur imuqel, ad imuqel / ittmuqul).
Iluɣma
1 - Smel imyagen-agi ɣef kradet n taggayin:Ruḥ, wali, ečč, sew, ẓer, gen, ini, ɣiwel, gzem, aru, fru, ddu, hudd, ɣurr, ali, anef.
Wid ilan sin n yifeggagen Wid ilan krad n yifeggagen Wid ilan ukkuẓ n yifeggagen
Sew: swi d afeggag ɣer yizri (swiɣ) ɣer yizri ibaway (ur swiɣ, ur neswi) .Ẓer: ẓra,Mel: mla,Fren: ferren,Ali: ttali,
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Yenna-as Ccix d leflaniI netta wi as-yennan
Tagzemt tis2
Tirawalt Asigez
Ɣer imedyaten-a:● Masensen, d agellid n Yimaziɣen.● Yuker, ḥedreɣ ; yeggul, umneɣ.● Acu i tebɣiḍ ay aderɣal? D tafat.● Yenna-as: « A baba, uwten-aɣ », yenna-as: « A mmi εeqlen-aɣ ».● Inqer-d yiṭij, iḥuza-d akk adrar; agu yennerfad.● Aṭas i ččiɣ ass-agi: seksu, aɣrum, udi, tamemt…● Tgerrez lqahwa-agi-nwen!
Isestanen :1. S wacu bdant tefyar-agi?2. S wacu fukkent?3. Acḥal n yisɣilen n usigez i yellan? 4. Acu i d tamlilt-nsen di tira?5. Ma nekkes-iten, amek ara yili uḍris?
Ad cfuɣ
Deg umeslay, anya d uẓawan n taɣect n umdan rennun-d anamek i tefyirt. Yezmer ad d-yesteqsi neɣ ad d-yefk isali neɣ ad d-imel yewhem di kra neɣ iεğeb-it kra s unya d uẓawan n taɣect. Maca di tira, ur d-tettbin ara taɣect, daymi ttarran medden isɣalen n usigez. Asigez, d tagrumma n yisɣalen i d-yessisdiden anamek n tefyirt, di tira. isɣalen usigez d wi:
Agaz (.) agaz n ubhat (!), agaz n usesten (?), sin wagazen (:), agazen n wagal (…), agaz d tefrayt (;), tafrayt (,). Isɣalen-agi, ɣur-sen mennaw n twuriwin. Ttilin ger wawalen neɣ ger taggayin n wawalen neɣ ger tefyar.
Agaz: di taggara n tefyirt tamseɣrut neɣ timsendeht. Agazen n wagal: mi ara tili tesgunfut maca takti neɣ ameslay mazal ur ifukk ara. Agaz n usesten: di taggara n tefyirt n usesten. Agaz n ubhat: di taggara n tefyirt i d-yessenfaliyen afrayen (awham, aεğab, urrif). Agaz d tefrayt: daxel n tefyirt mi ara tili tesgunfut tugar tin n tefrayt maca ur tuwiḍ ara am tin n wagaz. Tafrayt: mi ara tili tesgunfut d tawezzlant mliḥ. Sin wagazen, semrasen-ten mi ara d-sfehmen kra neɣ mi ara d-arun ayen i d-yenna walbeεḍ.
Iluɣma
1- Err asɣal n usigez iwatan deg wadeg n (/) Mi yuweḍ/ yufa imawlan-is zwarent/ anida teqqimeḍ akka/ netta yusa-d zik/ ma d kečč
tensiḍ dinna/wissen ma t-id-yawi/ akka i d tamurt/ ɣurek imakaren/ Ayrad d Umayas sεeddan yennayer di tmurt / nutni d twaculin nsen/
2- Sigez aḍris-agi.Yiwet n tikkelt izga-d Remḍan deg unebdu lɣaci la d as-meggren i Ccix d tiwizi ha-t-a yuweḍ-
d yiwen uxuni yenna-as anεem a Ccix di taddart-ina walan aggur ččan Ccix yezzi s imeggaren yenna-asen Ččet Isla ccix Sadeq n Ugni n Teslent irkeb imir-nni iruḥ ɣer Ccix mi yuweḍ yenna-as
A Muḥend tenniḍ i zeyyar ad ččenYenna-as nniɣ-asenA Muḥend wi ak-yennan ass-a d Lεid
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AḍrisIreg
Zik-nni di tmurt n Tegzirt n Tafukt, yella yiwen urgaz irwel-d si lḥebs, ttnadin-t yimsulta. Yiwet n tikkelt, usan-d ɣer-s ad t-awin, irwel-asen. Maca uwten-t s kra n tersasin ugsen-t deg
uḍar, yerwel-asen yerra ɣer uxxam n Gelden, yaf-n mmi-s Ireg, d agrud n 10 n yiseggasen, weḥd-s deg uxxam, yeẓẓel ɣef tuga, yeẓẓiẓin i yiṭij.
Iqerreb unaggas ɣer Yireg, yenna-as:- Kečč d mmi-s n Gelden?- D mmi-s ih!- Nekk d amnafeq, ha-ten-i ḍefren-iyi-d yimsulta, ɣiwel ffer-iyi, ur zmireɣ ara ad lḥuɣ. - Acu ara d-yini baba ma ffreɣ-k netta ur yeẓri - Ad ak-yini txedmeḍ ayen yelhan - Anda tezriḍ? - Ɣiwel ffer-iyi, ha-ten-i uwḍen-d - Suggem ar d-yaweḍ baba - Ad gganiɣ? A tiwri-w! Tura kan ad d-ḍillen.Ɣiwel ffer-iyi neɣ ad k-nɣeɣ.Ireg, ur yuggad ara, yerra-as :- Amrig-ik d ilem, ifukk deg-s ṛṛsas.- Ɣur-i ajenwi. - Maca ur tezmireḍ ara ad tazleḍ am nekk! Dɣa yeggug cwiṭ fell-as.- Ur telliḍ ara d mmi-s n Gelden, keččini! - Ad iyi-teğğeḍ ad ttwaṭṭfeɣ d tama n uxxam-nwen? Agrud, tergagi-d tasa-s mi yesla i yimeslayen-agi.- Acu ara iyi-d-tefked ma ffreɣ-k?Amnafeq inuda akk leğiban-is ur yufi kra yelha ad as-t-yefk.
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Tagzemt tis2
Ireg yecmumeḥ mi iwala idinaren, yeṭṭef-iten-id dɣa yenna-as i umnafeq:« Ur ttaggad. » Imir kan ixdem-as-d yiwen uwrus deg uddamus n usaɣur yella yers d tama n uxxam.Yekcem umnafeq ɣer daxel, idel-it uqcic maca yeğğa-as ansi ara yesnuffes. Yessemsawi
asaɣur-nni akken ur ttfiqin ara yimsulta dinna ay yeffer urgaz-nni.Iruḥ yuwi-d tamcict d warraw-is, isers-iten s ufella akken ur ttarran ara yimsulta tidmi-nsen
ɣer dinna. ikker yesfeḍ timiqwa n yidamen i d-yengin seg uḍar n urgaz-nni. Mi ifukk yuɣal ad yeẓẓiẓen i yiṭij.
1. Melmi teḍra tedyant-agi?2. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan?3. Anda teḍra tedyant-agi?4. Ayen yerra umnafeq s axxam n Gelden?5. Anwa udem swayes i t-iqubel Yireg?6. Ireg yeffer amnafeq. Ayen ?7. Anda ifukk wullis?8. Anda i d-yekcem udiwenni?9. Melmi yettili udiwenni?10. Acu yugten deg uḍris-a, d ullis neɣ d adiwenni ?11. Melmi ttarran tajerriḍt di tazwara ?12. Acu i d-tesskan tjerriḍt-agi daɣen ?
Ad cfuɣ
Deg wullis, ameskar yezmer, ad d-iger ameslay ger yiwudam. Ameslay-agi ger sin neɣ mennaw n yiwudam, qqaren-as : adiwenni
Imyagen swayes i d-yeggar unallas adiwenni deg wullis d wi : ini (yenna, nnan-as…) err (yerra-s). Yezmer ad d-yales imeslayen n yiwudam am wakken i ten-id-nnan. D amedya (Yenna-d : « Ad d-aseɣ azekka. » neɣ ad ten-id-yales s yimeslayen-is netta.
D amedya : yenna-d ad d-yas, azekka.
- Mi ara ten-id-yini akken i ten-id-nnan yiwudam ; di tira, ttilin sin n wagazen uqbel inaw n yiwudam, (:), yezmer daɣen ur yessexdam ara imyagen( yenna-as, yerra-as), yal mi ara yedkel awal uwadem niḍen, ad tili tjerriḍt di tazwara n yinaw n uwadem-nni.
- Ameslay n yiwudam, yettuɣal ger tusligin : « »
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Asefru
Tajewwaqt-iw
Yella yiwen n umedyaz yesεa sin n yijewwaqen: yiwen d ameqqran, wayeḍ d ameẓẓyan.Yezga yettawi-ten yid-s. Ɣur-s yiwet n tmazirt yettɣimi dinna icennu, yettawi-d isefra.
Ay afrux a mmi-s n lefḥelMa ad tsiḥeḍ ɣiwelAwi-iyi-d lexbar d ukyis
A wlidi aql-aɣ netthewwel Ula i nessawelImi d baba yekfa ṣṣut-is
Yerẓa-t yizem n sswaḥelI d-rebbaɣ yekmelWiss amek armi ibeddel wul-is
Muḥend Saεid IHERMAC
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Acḥal n yiwudam i yellan ?2. Anwa yettmeslayen di tseddart 1ut ?3. I di tseddart tis 24. I di tseddart tis kradet?5. Amek tfehmem awal “ad tsiḥeḍ”?6. Melmi tsiḥin medden?7. Ayen i t-yesserwes ɣer ufrux?8. I wumi yettmeslay umedyaz di tseddart 1ut?9. Ayen yettnadi umedyaz ɣef lexbar ukyis? 10. Acuɣer i d-yessemres udem 1ru n usget? 11. Ɣer wacu yettarra wawal « ṣṣut »?12. Ayen i t-id-yessemres umedyaz ihi?13. Ayen i tjewwaqt i wumi yessawel mačči i urgaz-nni?14. Isuref-as umedyaz i umdan-nni neɣ ala?15. Amek i d-yessken urrif-is ɣef tmerẓiwt-nni?16. Anwi awalen i d-yemmalen ayagi deg uḍris?17. Anwi awalen deg usefru i d-yesskanen azal meqqren i sεan yijewwaqen ɣer umedyaz?18. Anwa aktawal yellan s tuget deg uḍris?19. Acu i d-yesskanen leḥzen n umedyaz?
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D nekk ara yarun
1 - Deg uḍris-a, tlata yiɣersiwen, ttmeslayen gar-asen. Af-d ayen i d-yenna yal yiwen deg-sen. Ales tira i uḍris. Err-as asigez tesqeεdeḍ tiririyin akken i d-tuwi ad qeεdent.
Di tillay-nni n zik azger aramul yettidir di teẓgi netta d yiɣersiwen. Yal tameddit mi ara iruḥ ad d-isew isell-asen mi ttmeslayen ɣef yiwen uɣersiw ur nettwassen qqaren-as « amdan ».
Yenna-as yilef : yeẓwer!
Yerna-as-d ubareɣ : yeḥrec!
Yenna-as uzrem : d anezmar!
2 - Err-as asigez iwatan i udiwenni-agi.
Yiwwas iwala Ccix yiwen la yettazzal mebεid. Inṭeq, yenna-asen
I syin akkinna acu akka la ixeddem wihinNnan-as anεem a ccix la yettazzalYenna-asen Ccix i syin akin yesleb wihinNnan-as ayen anεem a ccixYenna-asen i wihin la yettazzalen, ma d ayen s iketben i yuggad ad as-irwel, neɣ d ayen ur as-nektib i yeḍmeε ad t-yelḥeqNnan-as anεem a ccix, ahat isεa Ccɣel.Yenna-as Ccix
Ayen iketben ur ifutAyen ur nektib ɣas nfu-t
Mulud MΣEMMRISeg : Yenna-as Ccix Muḥend
sb 134
3. Tebɣiḍ ad tesεeddiḍ kra n wussan n usgunfu ɣer yiri n yilel, tmeslayeḍ-as i yemma-k. Sugen-d adiwenni ɣef temsalt-a, err-as asigez iwatan
- Akken yella wass,yeks-it umeksa.
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2�
AḍrisMasensen
Masensen, udem-is, yedda-d ɣef
yidrimen i d-yessuffeɣ netta akked
wid i d-tessuffeɣ tedfert-is.Ɣas akken
tugniwin-nni, ur d-mmalent ara akken
ilaq tifras n wudem-is ; ɣef wakken i
d-yettban, ad yili ger rebεin d xemsin
n yiseggasen. Allen-is, d timeqqranin.
Timmi-s, teččur. Acebbub, yeččur
yerna yebren. Tamart-is, d taɣezzfant,
d taqeṭṭεant.
Ɣef wakken d-qqaren, asmi
meẓẓi, yezyen ayen din. Tibeddi-s,
d taɣezzfant. Tafekka-s, d tuntimt ;
yeqqim akken yeğhed ula d asmi
wesser. Yezmer ad yesεeddi ass d
ummid, si tnezzayt ar tameddit, s
yibeddi neɣ ɣef uεrur n wayis. Yuweḍ
tmanyin n yiseggasen, mazal-it weḥd-
s i yettali ɣef wayis ; yerna am netta
am wat-tmurt-is, ur iḥemmel ara ad as-yerr tarikt. Ur yelli d acu swayes yesburruy i uqerru-is
ɣef ugeffur d usemmiḍ. Asmi yekker yimenɣi d Yiqerṭajiyen, ɣas yuweḍ tmanya-u-tmanyin n
yiseggasen di leεmer, d netta ay inebḍen igen-ines deg unnar n umennuɣ. Azekka-nni, yerza-
d ɣur-s umenkud n Ṛum, Scipion Emilien, yufa-t-id ibedd sdat yihen-ines, yeṭṭef deg ufus-is
tiḥdert n uɣrum, d tina kan ay d imekli-ines. […].
Masensen, ur yessin ara d acu ay d tuggdi ; teqqur tasa-s. Ṭṭbiεa-s, tezdi aṭas n tenmegliwin.
Ɣas meqqer wayen uɣur yessaram deg tsertit d leḥkem, mi ara d-teḥder twaɣit, ur isedrag ara
iman-is ; ikeccem deg umennuɣ d amezwaru. Mi ara iger deg ṭṭrad, yettawi yid-s iḍan, ttḥaraben
fell-as. Win ara t-iwalin amek yettqabal leεtab d laẓ, am netta, am uneggaru deg yimnayen-is,
ur as-yeqqar ara akk d agellid ; ad as-id-iban amzun d aqerru n taddart kan. Maca, seg tama
niḍen, deg Sirṭa, tamaneɣt n tgelda-ines, d tiɣremt ay yezdeɣ. Yesnubgut-d ɣer din, yesseččay
deg yidrawen i d-yessuddus. Leḥwal i d-yesrus, n uẓref d wureɣ. Yessuddus-d daɣen idrizen,
ttasen-d ɣur-sen yinaẓuren ula si tmurt n Yigrigiyen.
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Masensen, iḥemmel ayen din igerdan. Arraw n warraw-is d warraw n yessi-s, ɣur-s akk i
d-kkren. Yiwet n tikkelt, yusa-d ɣer Tmazɣa, yiwen akken yennum yettaɣ ibkan, yettawi-ten i
yinesbuɣar tturaren yis-sen mi stufan. Yenna-as Masensen : « Ɛni, tilawayin-nwen, ur awen-d-
ttağğant ara igerdan imi s yibkan i tdehhum ?! »
Tagelda ay yenbeḍ Masensen, meqqret aṭas. Yexdem ayen akk i wumi yezmer akken ad d-
yesbedd awanak n tidet […]. Itenneḍ i uqerru-is azag am wakken xeddmen yigelliden igrikiyen.
Yessuffeɣ-d idrimen, isedda-d udem-is s ufella. S tewsa, issegrew-d aṭas n yidrimen. Yessaweḍ
yessuddes igen n waṭas n yiserdasen. Yesres-d talwit di tmurt. Yesnefli akken iwata tafellaḥt
armi wid yellan d imgalaten uɣalen d imseɣram, yekfa fell-asen ucali, uɣalen d imezgiyen deg
yimukan zedɣen, seftin cci-nsen. Iftisen i d-yekkes i Yifniqen, yerra-ten d tiwwura n tnezzut,
yexdem deg-sen igudaz, yessemɣer assaɣen n tnezzut akked tmura tizɣarayin.
Stéphane Gsel, seg Histoire ancienne de l’Afrique du nord
imgalaten : d wid ur nettidir ara deg yiwen umkan kan.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Anda ay d-ddant tugniwin n Masensen ?2. Acu n umur n tfekka ay d-mmalent tugniwin-nni i d-yersen ɣef yiqariḍen n tallit-nni ?3. i di tseddart tis 2, ɣef wacu i d-imeslay umeskar?4. Acu i iḥemmel ad t-yexdem Masensen ?5. s wacu i d-yufrar di tallit-is ?6. Anwa i d Masensen ?7. Amek yettidir ussan n ṭṭrad ?8. Amek yettidir mi ara yili di teɣremt-is ?9. Anti tiɣerwin swayes yettwassen ?10. Acu yexdem akken ad iqεed tameddurt n uɣref-is ?
- Win ibɣan tamaziɣt,ad yissin tira-s.
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Amawal
1. Tunẓart.● Snat n teklatin daxel n tekwatin. D acu-tt, d acu-tt ? (Tiririt seg uḍris).
2. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt● Ha-ten-a yismawen, kkan-d seg teεrabt, qqen yal yiwen deg-sen ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt.
- D imdanen ur nettɣim ara deg yiwen umkan, ttinigen seg temnaḍt ɣer tayeḍ ttnadin ɣef wanda ara yeks lmal-nsen.
- D imdanen yettidiren deg yiwen umkan kan.
4. Asuddem
- Af-d deg uḍris awalen i d-yettwasuddmen seg yismawen-a :
1. Taẓuri
2. Abaɣur
5. Assaɣen inamkayen : takenwa
Senfel yal awal yettuderren s uknaw-is
● Wid i d-tessuffeɣ tedfert-is.
● Yezyen ayen din.
● Yeǧhed ula d asmi wesser.
● Tezdi aṭas n tenmegliwin.
● Ur yessedrag ara iman-is.
● Yettawi yid-s iḍan.
● Tagelda ay yenbeḍ Masensen, meqqret aṭas.
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TajerrumtArbib
Ɣer imedyaten-a : ● Igenni, idel-it usigna aberkan.● Txaḍ teslit taqendurt s lkettan axuxi.● Masensen, d uzyin, tiddi-s d taɣezzfant.● Yesker assaɣen d tmura tizɣarayin.
Isestanen : 1. D acu d-mmalen wawalen yettuderren ?2. Af-d isem neɣ amyag seg i d-yeffeɣ yal yiwen seg wawalen yettuderren.3. Wali amek yuleɣ (yebna) yal yiwen deg-sen.4. D acu-ten wawalen uɣur qqnen wawalen yettuderren?5. Usan-d uqbel neɣ deffir wawalen uɣur qqnen ?6. Qqnen akk srid neɣ yella kra yekkan gar-asen ?
Ad cfuɣ
Arbib, d awal ; irennu ɣer yisem ama srid, ama s tzelɣa n tilawt « d ». Arbib, yemmal-d amek imug (iga) wayen akken d-yemmal yisem-nni uɣur yerna.
Arbib, am yisem, yesεa tawsit d umḍan d waddad. (aberkan, taberkant, iberkanen, uberkan…). Deg wayen yerzan talɣa, aṭas n talɣiwin swayes ttalɣen yirbiben ; ha-tent-a : ameqqran, azegzaw, awraɣ, alewwaɣ, amellal, uzyin, ačinawi, imibrik, amesbaṭli …
Iluɣma
1. Af-d irbiben deg tefyar-a :● Allen-is, d timeqqranin ; timmi-s teččur ; acebbub-is, yeččur yerna yebren ; tamart-is, d
taɣezzfant; d taqeṭṭεant.● Ɣas meqqer wayen yessaram deg tsertit, ikeccem d amezwaru deg umennuɣ.● Tesεa sser ulama d timibrikt.● Ccεer n ubareɣ, d imizwiɣ ; tiqejjirin d tiwezzlanin.
● Asif la ireεεed, yugar izem yelluẓen.● Imdanen yerwan ssber d leεqel.● Win yebɣan tamaziɣt, ad yissin tira-s.● Ttif win yeṭṭsen s uɣilif wala win i d-yekkren s nndama.
Amaɣun d amyag mi ara yili s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara, ay akken tebɣu tili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib.Yal timeẓri n umyag tesεa amɣun-ines. Amaɣun n yizri yettaleɣ akka :i / y (e) + afeggag n umyag deg yizri + (e) n.win ye + dda + n = win yeddan.
Iluɣma
1. Af-d anwa i d amaɣun n yizri di tefyar-a :
● Win i as-yennan tiẓgi texla i yexlan d netta.● Iḍelli, usan-n ɣur-k.● D nutni i n-yusan ɣur-k.● Win yeččan yečča, wayeḍ tarbut tekkes.
2. Efk-d amaɣun n yizri n yimyagen-a :Ẓer, ffer, fru, cfu, friwes.
3. Efk-d sɣur-m /k snat tefyar ideg ara yili umyag d amaɣun.
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TirawaltTamsertit : i + i / y
Ɣer aḍris :Si Muḥend Weεli d argaz ameqqran, ahat sebεin n yiseggasen di leεmer-is neɣ ugar. Qqaren-as
« si » imi yeffeɣ ɣer umadaɣ di lgirra-nni, ittusemma d amjahed aqdim. D aneεyabu deg yifadden. Yesḥuḍul d axessar. S tεekkazt kan i ileḥḥu. Σmer MEZDAD, Iḍ d wass, sb 103
1. Anida mlalent snat n teɣra di tefyirt taneggarut ?
2. Amek i d-nneṭṭeq ?
3. Ayɣer ?
4. Limer ad as-nbeddel udem n tseftit, ad nessefti amyag « ileḥḥu » d umqim « nettat », amek ara naru ?
5. Limer ad as-nεiwed i tefyirt, ad tt-nebdu s umyag : ileḥḥu s... . a - Yella [g] di lmenṭeq ?b - Ayɣer ?
6. D acu-t « i » yellan di tazwara n umyag : ileḥḥu.
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara tili teɣri [i ] uqbel amaɣun neɣ uqbel amyag yeftin d wudem wis 03 n wasuf amalay, ttemlilint snat n teɣra : i + i (neɣ i + y) : deg umeslay « i » neɣ « y » n umyag yettuɣal d [g], maca di tira ad naru « i » am wakken yella di lasel-is :Ad nettaru : - d netta i yeẓran, xas akken neqqar-d [d netta i-geẓran].- s tmara i iteddu, xas ma neqqar-d [s tmra i-gteddu].
Ayɣer ?Acku « i » neɣ « y » n umyag ama d amaɣun ama yefti, ad iqqim am wakken yella limer ur d-yemlal ara « i » nni yellan uqbel :
Md :- Win yeẓran- D netta i k-yeẓran- S tmara i as-iteddu.
Iluɣma
1. Tazabut : (aselmad, ad d-iɣer s temsertit).
● Ala win yuwten d win yettewten i yeẓran.● I yettnadin d win yeḍruran.● Ḍeggren ayen iɣef εettben, kul wa i iḍegger d iɣsan-is.● D ucmiten i yettcemmiten, d imeεfan i ifukken aman.● Ulac imdanen i iḥulfan i tyita n zzman, siwa win i aɣ-yecban nekkni.
2. Aru amyag s talɣa iwatan.● D Ayt-Mengellat i (cnu) tizlit-nni « A mmi » (izri).● D tajerrumt n tmaziɣt i (aru) Mεemmri. (izri)● Ay ixef-iw, ay (aru) deg unyir-iw. (amaɣun n yizri)● Wa d tacḍaḍt i (ddari), wayeḍ akkin yufa miḥlal. (izri)
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Aḍris
Iɣrem n Yirumanen
Akken ara teffɣeḍ i yiɣrem n Tipaza, metwal Cercal, ad k-id-tmagger temdint taqdimt n Yirumanen. Teṭṭef syinna alama d adrar n Yicenwiyen. Uqbel ad k-yefk ubrid ɣur-s, ad ak-id-tbin teṛmel daxel n tzemrin d ukerruc.
Akken kan ara tkecmeḍ di tewwurt, ad k-id-imagger ɣef yeffus, yiwen n unrar yesεa azal n tmanyin n lmitrat di teɣzi. Deg-s i ttnaɣen zik-nni yimẓiwen akked yiserdasen. Ɣef yidisan n unrar, llant tseddarin iɣef ttɣimin wid i d-yettasen ad ferrğen. Aɣrab yellan zik d afrag ger unrar d yimeshanayen, yehtuta ; tura, drus i d-yeqqimen deg-s.
Ma tkemmleḍ tikli ɣer sdat, ad twaliɣ sin lemqamat d iεlayanen, dinna i ttεebbiden Yiṛumanen irebbiten-nsen. Tella yiwet n tewwurt tessuffuɣ ɣer rreḥba iɣer d-ttemlilin yimsewwqen. Yella ubrid yettawin d akessar alama d ilel ; zelmeḍ, yeffus yeččur d inestimen n yixxamen idermen ; ggrant-d kan tgejda n yixxamen-nni.
Mlan-d yimnuda n tussna n yidsilen amek i gan yixxamen-agi sdaxel : tawwurt d taεlayant, tessekcam ɣer yiwen n ufrag yessa s teblaḍin weznent am teḥjurin n ssker. Di yal idis zzint-as-id texxamin i ufrag-nni. Llant kra n texxamin niḍen ddaw tmurt, ttarran deg-sent ikufan n yirden d yicbula n zzit.
Ma teffɣeḍ i yixxamen-nni, terriḍ metwal amalu ad tafeḍ rebεa yimdunen d ilqayanen. Qqaren-d: deg-sen i ssiriden iselman uqbel ad ten-mellḥen.
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Ɣer tama n unẓul, llant kra n tmedwin, aman-nsen d iḥmayanen, deg-sent i succufen.
Ɣer usammer, yella ubrid yettawi d asawen. Iεedda daxel n umadaɣ yezḍa am uzeṭṭa n tissist. Abrid-nni, yessuffuɣ ɣer uxxam n ccreε. Deg-s i ttcaraεen imeḥbas di tallit-nni.
D asawen, yella ugni d ahrawan, d aɣezzfan. Yal tameddit mi ssulin ccɣel-nsen, imezdaɣ n temdint, ttemlilin-d ad sgunfun, ad necraḥen alama dayen yeɣli-d yiḍ. Yekkat-d dinna kra n ubeḥri d asemmaḍ, d aḥlawan ; igellu-d s tfendiwin n yimɣan.
Serge LANCEL« Tipaza de Mauritanie », Isuɣel-it-id : ƩACUR.R
Asegzi n wawalen :Iɣrem : tamdintInestimen : d ayen i d yeqqimen deg tuddar neɣ deg yixxamen yeɣlin.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Anda i d-tezga temdint n Tipaza?2. I yiɣrem n Yirumanen anda yella?3. Ayen htutan yiɣerban n unrar?4. Acu xeddmen deg unrar-agi?5. Anda i sgunfuyen yimezdaɣ n yiɣrem?6. Ayɣer dinna i sgunfuyen?7. S wacu yebda umeskar aglam?8. Acu n tɣawsa tamezwarut i t-id-imuggren?9. Amek i d-iga umeskar aglam-ines: ileḥḥu neɣ yeqqim? Acu i t-id-yemmalen?10. Acu yufa di tama tayeffust?11. I deg usammer?12. Anda i d-zgan imedwen?13. Acu xeddmen deg-sen?14. S wacu yekfa umeskar aglam-ines?15. Amek i yeddes umeskar aglam-ines?
- Sani tettedduḍ ay aḍar ?- Yenna-as : s aẓar.
Tagzemt tis3
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Tsell akka tikwal s tmuraAnda i d-zgant yiwen ur yeẓriTin ɣef i d-ḥekkun akk d FransaWaqila d tamurt n UrumiArumi seg wasmi aɣ-yerẓaS tarwa-nneɣ i iqubel LalmanƔer Landuccin seg-neɣ i iεebbaTuweḍ εni ddunit ɣer yal amkan
Deg yidammen n tarwa-s tessenɣel ƔEf Lezzayer armi tt-id-nḥellaTenwa ɣer tlelli-s ad teqqelƔer wakal akkit d lḥermaZiɣ d imeṭṭawen i tt-yerğan d ccɣelƔef win yemmuten igzem-as tasaD win twala ɣer temdint yuzzelDeg yiwen wass teğğel tennebra.[…]
Imaziɣen Imula
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AsefruTaddart n Leqbayel
D afzim ɣef twenza n udrarTrennu-as di leεnayaTessaweḍ armi i as-id-tezzi s umrarTerfed-it am yirin n tugaTezger-d leqrun, adfel d uɣurarTeṭṭef sdat waṭṭan d lgirraXas d laẓ tennum tetturarTaddart n Leqbayel yiwen ur tt-icba.
Tebna ɣef llsas n tlelliYal taddart weḥd-s d tagdudaAkka i tt-id-nufa iḍellii aɣ-tt-id-ğğan yimezwuraTezḍa tagmat, tzeṭṭ tadukliGer warraw-is leqder d lḥermaNettat i ten-yesεan ur tɣelliS tejmeεt i ferrun tilufa
I tessen kan d iman-isAm ufareẓ di tmellaltDdunit d ay d-teṭṭef tmuɣli-sS wallen-is i d-tḥudd tilisaMa tettqadar lğar-isDi ssuq kan i t-id-tsumaS twelliyin i tezḍa Lehna ger tudrin d leεrac.
Isestnen 1. Ɣer wacu icuba umedyaz taddart n Leqbayel di tseddart tamezwarut ?2. I wakken taddart ad tili d ayen akka uɣur i tt-icuba, d acu i ilaq ad yili udrar ?3. D acu iɣer icuba adrar deg wafir wis rebεa ? i taddart d acu ara tili ihi ?4. S wacu i d-yessken umedyaz belli taddart n Leqbayel tebna ɣef llsas n tlelli ?5. Ɣer wacu icuba umedyaz taddart n Leqbayel deg wafir wis sin n tseddart tis tlata ? Ayɣer ?6. Xas tettidir iman-is kan, taddart n Leqbayel tettekki deg umezruy n umaḍal akked win n
Lezzayer. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris d acu i d-yemmalen ay-agi.7. Anwi imdanen iɣef tettru taddart n Leqbayel ? Ayɣer ?
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Tagzemt tis3
D nekk ara yarun
1. si tqacuct n useklu, tettbin-d lḥara akken ma tella. Di tlemmast yella uzniq, yessa s ublaḍ. Si yal tama zzint-as-id tzeɣwa yebnan s uẓru. Ssqef-nsent s uqermud n Leqbayel ; lqermud-nni yettrusun wa tinnegnit wa tiffudemt.
Deffir n lḥara, ɣer ugafa, yella ubrid aɣelnaw. Ɣef yal idis n ubrid llan yisekla n ubliṭan ; ɣer yifurkawen-nsen uglen yiferrawen akked tkembusin. Akkin i ubrid, d igran n yirden d temẓin. Aḍu i d-yettsuḍun itteg deg-sen tirika am lemwaji n yilel.
Ɣer umalu, d taɣzuyt, teqqim d asuki. Ɣer usammer, d aqwir, yenqec, yeẓẓa d lebsel, d ticcert, d ibawen…
Ɣer unẓul, ger lḥara d tnuṭfi n waman, yella uεecciw n usaɣur d walim ; iseqqef s uḥelyiw iɣef tuli tanakt di kra n yimeḍqan. Tigejda-s bnant s llajur azewwaɣ bu ttesεa tṭuṭac, ma d idisan-is s uɣanim. D tama n uεecciw, yella wanu d tefrawt (abasan) ideg tessen wakraren d yizgaren.
R. ΣACURa - Anida yella win i d-igellmen ?b - Suffeɣ-d aɣawas i yessexdem umaru i wakken ad d-yeglem lḥara.
1. Err ajerrid ddaw wawalen swayes i d-gan asunaɣ n Dda Muḥ deg uḍris i d-iteddun:
Dda Muḥ, d bu-yifadden, d amṛay n uxxam. Llan watmaten-is imeqqranen, deg leεmer, mačči deg wawal neɣ di ṛṛay, maca d netta i wumi yefka baba-s ṛṛay n uxxam; fell-as i yettkel baba-s, Dda Σli. Dda Σli d abuhali, yesεa aḍu n lxir, yettcir, isekked, maca d yiwet am netta i as-d-yennan yiwen wass : “Ur iεemmer ara uxxam-ik alama terriḍ amaẓuẓ-nni d amṛay !” Netta yefhem; yuɣ awal-is. Dɣa din-din ffɣent ccirat-ines. Truḥ-aɣ nufa-tt.
Kamal BUΣMARA Iḍ Amcum. sb.1.
2 - Semlil kra seg wawalen n tfelwit-agi taruḍ-d tifyar
- armi ur iẓerr iḍarren-is- ğğant-t tgecrar- ad as-tiniḍ d lxiḍ- ad as-tiniḍ d taciret n uḍar- am leḥrir- am lemri- yettban fell-as leḥzen- tettban fell-as temɣer- ad as-tiniḍ d aṛumi- yettecmumuḥ- ad as-tiniḍ d ureɣ- ad as-tiniḍ d tiziri- ala iɣes – - aṭas i bubbent.
Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw
Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?
Wali ma tzemreḍ :
1. Ad akzeɣ aḍris ullis, d uḍris asegzay?
2. Ad tegzuḍ tamacahut?
3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ iwudam deg wullis?
4. Ad d-tgelmeḍ adeg anda ttidiren?
5. Ad tezreḍ amek i d-ikeccem udiwenni deg wullis?
6. Ad teẓreḍ tamlilt n yal awadem deg wullis?
7. Ad d-taruḍ tamacahut ideg ara d-terreḍ aglam, adiwenni…?
Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:
1. ……….weḥd-k?
2. ……… di sin?
3. ……… d ugraw?
4. ……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?
Muqel ma tzemreḍ?
1. Ad takzeḍ imattaren deg tefyirt?
2. Ad takzeḍ tifyar tibawayin?
3. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger umaɣun n wurmir d umaɣun n yizri?
4. Ad takzeḍ amaɣun n yizri?
5. Ad takzeḍ arbib?
6. Ad takzeḍ afeggag d umatar n umyag?
7. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tmeẓra n yimyagen?
8. Ad taruḍ tamsertit d+t, ḍ+t anda tlaq?
9. Ad taruḍ tamsertit i + i (y) anda iwata?
- +
Amur wis sin :
- Asewsen n wansayen n temnaḍt-nneɣ
d wazalen sεan di tmetti
Tira n uḍris asegzay.
Ad ɣreɣ, ad waliɣ tameṣkiwt n uḍris asegzay i wakken:
1 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-segzayen kra n wansay.
2 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i d-gellmen takala-s.
3 - Ad ẓreɣ amek ibennu uḍris asegzay.
Amur
wis
sin
Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira
4
- Anẓar sb : 40
- Tamacahut sb : 46
Asefru: Targit d laẓ
- sb : 48
Tajerrumt: Tibawt sb :
43
Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir
sb : 44
Tirawalt: -Tamsertit: d+t,
ḍ+t sb : 45
Asegzi n wansay
5
- Amsal n uqermud
sb : 50
- Taleɣt Sb : 56
Asefru: Yemma tedda
ḥafi sb : 58
Tajerrumt: Isemmaden :
asmekti sb : 53
Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir
ussid sb : 54
Tirawalt: Tmsertit : « d » n
tnila d umatar « t » sb : 55
Asegzi n urmud
6
- urar n walqafen sb :
60
- Takerza sb : 66
Asefru: Bu-Tjewwaqt
sb : 68
Tajerrumt: Anammal n
usentel sb : 63
Taseftit: Amaɣun n yizri
ibaway sb : 64
Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad +
« d » n tnila. sb : 65
Asegzi n wurar neɣ n wansay
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Aḍris
Anẓar
Tafriqt n Ugafa, d yiwet seg temnaḍin n Umaḍal ay ttḥazent, sya ɣer da, tillay n uɣurar. Daɣ-netta, imezdaɣ n temnaḍt-agi, xeddmen yiwen n usnalas qqaren-as Anẓar ; suturen yis-
s ageffur i ugellid n waman. D acu ay d anẓar ? Ansi ay d-yuɣ aẓar ? Amek ay t-xeddmen tura?Zik, uqbel ad d-taweḍ teflest s Rebbi yiwen, Anẓar d rebbi n ugeffur ; ma d tura, s teqbaylit,
d isem n usnalas swayes suturen medden ageffur, ma deg tentaliwin niḍen n tmaziɣt, d isem n ugeffur.
Tella yiwet n tenfust ɣer Leqbayel tettawi-d ɣef wansi ay d-yekka unẓar, ha-tt-a :Zik-nni, yella yiwen qqaren-as Anẓar. D netta ay d agellid n ugeffur. Yebɣa ad yaɣ yiwet n
teqcict, aggur deg yigenni, nettat deg lqaεa. Udem-is, yettakk-d ticci ; talaba-s d leḥrir yettirriqen. Taqcict-nni, segmi ara d-tekker tsuccuf deg yiwen wasif, aman-is d imẓerrfen. Yal mi ara d-yader ugellid-nni ɣur-s tettaggad dɣa yettuɣal.
Armi d yiwen wass, yenna-as :Aql-i gezmeɣ-d igenwanA yiwen seg yitranAd awiɣ agerruj i am-fkanNeɣ ad am-kkseɣ aman.
Ay Anẓar, ay anẓarAy ajeǧǧig n uzaɣarAsif, err-as lεinserTruḥeḍ-d ad terreḍ ttar.
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Terra-as teqcict-nni :Ttxil-k ay agellid n wamanA bu-tεeṣṣabt n lmeṛǧanD kečč i wumi yi-d-fkanMeεna uggadeɣ imennan.
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Dɣa cwiṭ kan akka, twala ifeṭṭiwej d ameqqran. Yuɣal-d ugellid. Iger taqcict deg yiri-s. Asif yuɣal akken yella, tzegzew akk tmurt. Teqqim-d akken imir d tisirit : mi walan d aɣurar, ad xedmen anẓar.
Ass ideg ara xedmen anẓar, tilawin d yigerdan n taddart ad d-mlilen ɣer kra n umkan, ad awin yid-sen aɣenja n usɣar ad as-cebbḥen am teslit s umendil awraɣ d ubruc, ad t-ttawin, ad teddun ad cennun :
Anẓar, anẓar,A Rebbi ssew-itt ar aẓarAd teww nneεma n uẓrarAd ternu tin n uzaɣar.
Ad ttεeddin ɣef yixxamen n taddart, ad suturen imenda (lḥemmeẓ, ibawen), awren, zzit, tisent… Awren-nni ad as-gent tlawin tiwizi, ad t-fetlent d seksu. Ad sewwent lweεda. Mi tewwa, ad tt-sufɣent ɣer lemqam neɣ ɣer lǧameε ad ččen akk wat-taddart iḥedren ; ayen yugaren, ad t-ferqent s ixxamen. Di taggara, yella wanda d-ttawint tibuɣarin ; d amedya deg taddart n Yimzizwu, deg tɣiwant n Friḥa, deg ugezdu n Tizi-Uzzu, cennunt temɣarin akka :
Ay aεessas n UqerruBu-umzur yeddal tuyatTettnusuḍ deg lexlawiAbruri, lehwa tekkatNeḍleb-iken, ḍelbet RebbiRret-aɣ leεtab ɣer tafat.
Aqerru : d isem nx umkan ideg xedmen timeqbert R. ΣACUR akked IFLISEN R.Imẓerrfen : ayen isεan ini am lfeṭṭa.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Acuɣer xeddmen medden anẓar ?2. melmi ay t-xeddmen ?3. D acu i d anẓar ?4. i di kra n temnaḍin, d acu i d anẓar ?5. Acu yebɣa ad yexdem ugellid n ugeffur i teqcict ?6. Anwa i d agellid n ugeffur ?7. Anwi awalen i d-immalen belli taqcict-agi tfulki ?8. Acu tuggad teqcict imi ur tuɣ ara agellid n waman ?9. Acu yexdem ugellid n waman akken ad d-yerr ttar ?10. Amek xeddmen anẓar di temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?11. Anwi i ixeddmen anẓar ?12. Acuɣer d aɣenja i wumi ttcebiḥen ?13. Amek ay ttfakkan anẓar ?14. D acu n wanaw n ccna ay ttawint tlawin di temnaḍt n Yimzizwu ?15. D acu ixeddem umeskar deg uḍris : isefham-d neɣ yettales-d ?16. D acu-t ihi uḍris, d tasiwelt neɣ d asegzi ?
Tagzemt tis4
Qqarent daɣen :Ay aεessas n UqerruYuli wass ssbeḥ-lxirAy at-Rebbi s yiεumamTarakt n ddheb tceεεelAt-Rebbi s tiṭ ay sebbɣenMačči s txubay n nnil.
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Amawal
1. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt
Yal amerḍil, qqen-it ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt
Amerḍil Awal n tmaziɣt
1. lqecc / llebsa2. ṣubb3. lkenz4. liman5. lmelḥ
1. agerruj2. taflest3. tisent4. ader5. talaba
2. Asuddem● Anwa aẓar seg d-yekka wawal « aɣurar ». Bder-d isem d umyag yesεan aẓar am win n
wawal-a.● S tmaziɣt, lfeṭṭa qqaren-as « aẓref ». Af-d deg uḍris awal yezdi uẓar d wawal « aẓref ».
3. Seg wawal ɣer tbadut Fren tabadut iwatan
Imennan : a- d asirem, d amenni.
neɣ
b- d awal n medden mi ara kkaten s umeslay deg walbeεḍ.
4. Seg tbadut ɣer wawal
Af-d deg uḍris awal iwatan i yal tabadut
● D asif mi ara yeqqar.
● D ayen zerrεen medden, lɣella-nsen d aεeqqa, yettuɣal d awren neɣ yettewwa deg useqqi.
5. Assaɣen inamkayen
Af-d iknawen i wawalen yettuderren
● Teqqim-d akken d tisirit.
● Udem-is yettakk-d ticci.
● Yuɣal-d ugellid.
● Ad tteddun, ad cennun.
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Tagzemt tis4
Tajerrumt Tibawt
Ɣer tifyar-a :● Ur d-yusi ara ass-agi.● Ur d-yusi ur d-iceyyeε ur d-iruḥ ɣer warraw-is.● Ur d-muggreɣ yiwen deg ubrid.● Ur ssineɣ ula d yiwen.● Urğin ssineɣ tamacahut am ta. ● Ur fhimeɣ tigert.● Ur t-yuɣ wara.● Mačči d netta.● Ulac aman.● Awer yaweḍ.
Isestanen :1. s wacu bdant akk tefyar-agi?2. D acu-tent tewsatin-nsent?3. Acu i tent-id-yemmalen?4. melmi i nessemras tifyar yecban tigi?5. Kkes tibawt i tefyar-agi. Acu i ibeddlen?6. Beddlen akk neɣ ala?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara d-tiniḍ ur yelli ara neɣ ur yettwaxdem ara kra, qqaren-as tibawt.D amedya: yečča aɣrum. Ur yečči ara aɣrum.Tafyirt tibawayt neggar-itt-id s umata s umernu “ur”…. “ara” Maca llan wawalen niḍen yessenfalayen tibawt am: urğin, urεad, mazal, ula, xaṭi, uhu, ulaḥedd, ula-ayɣer, ulawumi, ula-amek….Amur ameqqran n yimyagen tettbeddil teɣri-nsen taneggarut tettuɣal d “i”D amedya: - yečča. Ur yečči - yekrez ur yekriz maca - iruḥ ur iruḥ
Iluɣma
1. Smed ilmawen s wawalen-a:.Ur ….. ara, ulac, ulaḥedd, ulayɣer, ala, mačči, ula.…. Aseklu ur ihuzz waḍu. ….. nekk i tessnem. Ad d-yas neɣ.....?Yella dda Remḍan deg uxxam? ……… -it. Wi as-yennan … d-ttruḥ…?…… I d-tekkreḍ zik. ……
2. Smed ilmawen s tibawt iwatan.D netta i as-yennan ……. d nekk.Yella uɣrum?..........Tessneḍ argaz-ina neɣ……?………. nerğa asirem ma nsenned ɣef ssber.
3. Semres awalen-agi di tefyar sɣur-k.Ur…..ur, mačči, urğin, urεad, mazal
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TaseftitAmaɣun n wurmir aḥerfi
-Ɣer imedyaten-a :
● Aru-ten-am tebratin● D kečč ara tent-yawin● D kečč ara asen-yinin● Dayen iruḥ
Isestanen :1. Acu–ten wawalen yettuderren?2. Tigawin-nsen zrint neɣ zerrint akka tura neɣ ad zrint sya ɣer sdat?3. Acu i d-yemmalen imir n tigawin n wawalen-agi yuran s usekkil azuran?4. Acu-tt talɣa n wawalen-agi?5. Beddel-asen udem n usefti. 6. Acu twalaḍ?7. Awalen-agi d imyagen neɣ ala? Acuɣer?8. Amek i asen-qqaren i wawalen-agi irmeskilen ihi?
Ad cfuɣ
Amaɣun, d amyag mi ara yili s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara.Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib maca netta ɣur-s talɣa d tarmeskilt, ay akken yebɣu yili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Md : D nekk ara yarun tabrat. - D nutni ara yarun. D nettat ara yarun Amaɣun n wurmir aherfi yettaleɣ s tzelɣa n wurmir “ara“ sdat umyag + i / ye + afeggag (n wurmir aḥerfi) + (e) n.Md: d winna ara yekkren zik. Y(e) kkr (e) n
Iluɣma
1 - Aru akken iwata imyagen yellan ger tacciwin.- Win ara (sεu) idrimen ad t-nasben medden.- D aneggaru ara d-(err) tawwurt.- Amdan ara (xdem) tagi, mačči nneɣ.- Win ara d (af) tawwurt i ugnu-agi, ad as-nefk arraz.
2. Amek i d-teɣriḍ isekkilen “d+ t” n tefyirt tis 2 deg wawal yettuderren?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara yemlil umatar udmawan n wudem w2 “ḍ” akked “t” n umqim awsil nsusruru -iten-id “ṭ” Md: « tessneṭṭen » maca ad naru akken yella di lasel :Tessneḍ-ten?
Mi ara yemlil “d”neɣ “ḍ” n taggara n yisem amalay akked “t” irennun ɣer yisem-nni amalay akken ad yuɣal d unti, nsusruru-iten-id “ṭ” . Md: [taɣalaṭ] maca ad naru: taɣaladt,
[tayaziṭ] maca ad naru: tayaziḍt
Iluɣma
1 - Tazabut (aselmad ad d-izubet s temsertit)
- Kra n win yebnan taɣaladt i gma-s ad d-tegrireb fell-as.- Taselmadt n tmaziɣt ḥemmlent-tt tnelmadin-is.- Taɣaḍt, tḥemmel talawt n tḥeccadt.- Arrac-agi teẓriḍ-ten acḥal n tikkal.
2 - Err dt, ḍ-t (ten) deg yilmawen-agi.- Asaru-nni, Macahu, twala…., asmi i d-yeffeɣ ?- Tezweɣ akk, ad tt-nessuden, di tizzelme... ara neddu.- Tameṭṭut-ina d tagru... asmi tezweğ.- Di lεid, d taɣru... i ttawin i twelliyin.- Tmuggre... - .... deg ubrid?- Inebgawen-agi-nneɣ tesɣamem-ten ɣef tɣala... ur uklalen.
3 - Err tifyar-agi ɣer wasuf.● Zik, imdanen yuḍnen illeḍ sbeddayen tiɣalaḍin.● Tiyuzaḍ i wumi ifukk usartu, zellunt-tent.● Tura, d tiselmadin i yugten deg yiɣerbazen.
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AḍrisTamacahut
Tasekla n tmaziɣt, ɣas akken, zik, ur tt-terfid ara tira, ugtent deg-s tewsatin, am tsekliwin n yiɣerfan niḍen. Llant tid n tmedyazt, llant tid n tesrit. Ger tewsatin n tesrit, tamacahut,
tufrar-d ɣef tiyaḍ. D acu i d tamacahut ? D acu i d tawuri-ines di tmetti ? Melmi i tt-id-sawalen medden ? Amek tebna tɣessa-ines ?
Tamacahut, d ullis amakun. Meḥsub, d taḥkayt deg-way-deg ttilin yiwudam d tedyanin ay ur nezmir ara ad ilin di tilawt : waɣzen, tteryel, amɣar azemni, imdanen yettafgen neɣ teddun ddaw tmurt… D acu kan, timsal i-ɣef d-ttawint tmucuha, ulama d asugen i tent-id-yurwen, qqnent aṭas ɣer tilawt. Si tilawt ay d-ttagment timsirin yellan deg-sent. Timsirin-nni, ttuɣalent d tifulkayin, ttaɣent udem n tsekla akken ad εeğbent wid ara sent-yeslen. Timucuha, deg-sent asedwel ; deg-sent urar : sawalen-tent-id i warrac akken ad ẓren d acu yelhan, d acu ur nelhi ; sselmaden-asen tutlayt-nsen, teẓẓun deg-sen ilugan d tuddsa n tmetti… Maca am wakka i t-id-nenna, timucuha d ttawil n wurar d tukksa n lxiq. Mi d-tenna tin d-issawlen timucuha awal-nni n « amacahu », teldi tewwurt ɣer umaḍal n usugen. Igerdan, ad gganin imi-s akken ad ẓren amek ara tfakk, am wakken ara tegganiḍ asaru amek ara isellek.
Timucuha, zik-nni, ssawalen-tent-id deg yiḍ, mi ččan imensi d asawen. Imir ur yelli kra n ccɣel ara xedmen medden. Dɣa, ttemlilin-d akk wat-uxxam. Amlili-nni i d-ttemlilin, issentam assaɣen gar-asen, ttmeslayen wway-gar-asen.
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Deg tɣessa, timucuha, bnant, ɣef tlata tegnatin. Di tegnit tamezwarut, ttilin wumlan ɣef yiwudam d wadeg. Tagnit tis snat, tbeddu mi ara d-teḍru kra n taluft. Kra seg yiwudam, ad uwten amek ara tt-frun ; kra niḍen, ad uwten amek ara tt-kersen. D amqelleε-agi ger yiwudam i d-igellun s waṭas n tigawin. Amseḍfer-nni n tigawin, ad yessiweḍ ɣer ferru n taluft-nni. Di tuget, tagnit-agi tis snat, Yeggar-itt-id unammal n wakud : yiwen wass…, armi d yiwen wass…, yiwet n tikkelt… Tagnit n taggara, igellu-d yis-s ferru-nni n taluft. Daɣ-netta amur ameqqran n tmucuha ttfakkant akken yelha. Iwudam yelhan, ɣas ad idiren uguren d tlufa, teggerri-asen-id talwit d tumert. Tagnit tamezwarut d tneggarut, ttemcabint ɣas mgaradent : ulac deg-sent taluft, maca yiwet tettessu-d i taluft, tayeḍ tettlal-d mi tefra taluft.
Ihi, di tegrayt, izmer bnadem ad d-yini belli tamacahut, akken ay as-yenna win : d ajlal n tmussni. Ma tekkseḍ ajlal, ad d-tban temsirt yeffren ddaw-as. Timucuha, mačči kan d urar ; ssedwalent imeẓyanen, sselmadent-asen tutlayt d yilugan d yidles n tmetti. Deg wayen iεnan awal d umeslay, timucuha, d ttawil swayes ara qeṭṭben inaw n tsiwelt (swayes ara d-ḥkun kra).
R. ƩACUR
Asegzi :Issentam : issiğhid.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Anti tiwsatin n tsekla i yellan ?2. Anwa amkan ay teṭṭef tmacahut ?3. D acu i d tamacahut ?4. Anwi isental iɣef d-tettawi tmacahut ?5. Acu n temlilt ay tesεa di tmetti n zik-nni ?6. Melmi i d-sawalen timucuha ? Ayɣer ?7. Acḥal n tegnatin ay tesεa tmacahut ?8. Γef wacu ay d-tettawi yal tagnit n tmacahut ?9. Anwi awalen neɣ tinfaliyin swayes ay tbeddu tmezwarut d tis 2 ?10. Acu n wazal d temsirin ay nettaf di tmucuha ?
Tagzemt tis4
- Awal, ma wezzil yefra;ma ɣezzif, ad d-yarew kra.
4�
Asefru
Targit d laẓ
Acḥal d abrid ay sliɣI yemma tenna-d annaɣA mmi ur tesεiḍ ay ččiɣ,
Deg yidmaren ad ak-t-id-fkeɣ.Ula d akerfa ur t-ṛwiɣ,
Amek ara k-id-smeɣreɣ!?
Sliɣ i yemma tenna :A mmi ifadden kkawen.Mačči s uclim d ukerfa,I ssi gemmen yirgazen.
Ulac di terbut tekfa,Ad nεenni, ad nerğu yiwen.
Cfiɣ yiwen wass di ccetwa,Nella nezzi-d i lkanun.
Nettawi-d timucuhaAkken laẓ medden ad t-ttun.
Nessa agertil ɣer lqaεa,Uḍan ugin ad kfun.
Tura kra din ur as-necfi,Nerra-t ɣer wayen iεeddan.
Nuɣal nbeddel tikli,Nettu wid leεmer yeṛwan.
Imi ddunit tettezzi,I uzekka anwa yeẓran ?
Crif XEDDAM
Isestanen :
1. Ma nmuqel aḍris-agi, amek ay ddren medden di tallit-nni?2. Suffeɣ-d awalen neɣ tinfaliyin i d-yemmalen laẓ n yimir-nni.3. Acu n tgelliwin ay tetten?4. S wacu ay tettun laẓ, deg wussan iɣezzfanen n tegrest?5. Acuɣer ttgammin ad fakken fell-asen wuḍan?6. I tura, amek ttidiren?7. Acu yuggad umedyaz?8. Ɣef wacu yesḥasef umedyaz, di taggara?
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D nekk ara yarun
1. Efk-d tibaduyin n wawalen-a mebla ma tmuqleḍ ɣer umawal :
- tuqqna tuffra
- tagrest
- aɣerbaz
- seksu
2. Aru-d aḍris ameẓẓyan ideg ara tesfehmeḍ i gma-k amecṭuḥ, lfayda n waddal.
3. ha-ten-i kra n yisestanen. Err-d ɣef wid n usegzi kan
- ɣef wayagi imussnawen inudan deg taɣult-agi, suddusen aṭas n temliliyin akken ad sfehmen azal yesεa waddal di tudert n umdan ama d ameẓẓyan ama d ameqqran
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AḍrisAmsal n uqermud,
d tamguri n zik, tura tenger.
Ad d-meslayeɣ ɣef lqermud ttgen zik-nni i yixxamen di tmurt n Leqbayel. Qqaren-as lqermud «arumi » neɣ lqermud n Leqbayel. Lqermud-agi d azewwaɣ yerna iqba mačči d
abelbaḍ am lqermud n Legliz.
Di tmurt n Leqbayel, yella wanda ttseqqifen ixxamen s uqermud, yella wanda ttseqqifen s udles; anda niḍen, ttgen ssḍuḥ n wakal ; kul tamnaḍt amek.
Zik-nni, tadamsa n tmurt n Leqbayel txuṣṣ aṭas ; ṭṭaqa n medden ddren s tfellaḥt, tetten ayen i asen-id-ttarrant tferkiwin-nsen. Drus i d-ttaɣen si leswaq ; ayen akk ara ḥwiğen, d nitni ara t-ixedmen. Nezmer ad d-nini, tadamsa n zik d tadamsa n tmara; ur as-teğği ara tdamsa n lkulun ad tefti neɣ ad tennerni. Aṭas n medden, terra-ten tmara ffɣen tamurt ttnadin lxedma di temdinin neɣ di Fransa i wakken ad d-sewṛen ayen ara ččen wat-uxxam. Ihi, ɣef waya i qqimen Leqbayel ṭṭfen di temguryin-nsen tiqdimin icban tamguri n uqermud. Yis-sent i qublen ddunit.
Ala at-tmurt i imesslen lqermud. Akal qqazen-t-id si tferkiwin-nsen. irgazen, xeddmen lqermud; ma d tilawin xeddment igduren n taleɣt.
Tteqqden aqermud mi ara yekkaw lḥal, deg unebdu, ger waggur n yunyu d waggur n cutamber. Imir-nni dɣa ay bennun ula d ixxamen; akka i d-nufa xeddmen yimezwura-nneɣ lqermud. Tlaq taleɣt d waman d yisɣaren akked yiṭij. Win ibɣan ad imsel, ad d-injer lqaleb s usɣar n tzemmurt neɣ n teslent. Llan wid issexdamen lqaleb n wuzzal, lameεna drus-iten. Llant temnaḍin ideg ur d-ggrin ara leqwaleb; din, win ara imeslen, d iɣil-is i yeszwar, imessel fell-as taleɣt.
Mi fukken amsal, ad d-lhin d rrqem. “Musso” yufa-d 80 n wudmawen ttgen-ten i rrqem n uqermud.
Imir-nni, ad sersen iqermuden ad kkawen i yiṭij. Simi ara kkawen, ad d-lhin d tɣuzi n tbergent (yella wanda i as-qqaren takucet). Ttgen-ttdeg yimukan yellan d agadir neɣ d ababder i wakken ad asen-tishil tɣuzi. Γef wudem ufella n tbergent, ad ɣzen igeḍyen, ansi ara d-iεeddi wurɣu. Kul agḍi ad as-ɣzen azal n yiɣil. Udem n ufella n tbergent ad yuɣal amzum d timzizdegt. Deg ubabder qqazen yiwen n ṭṭaq; syen i d-ssuffuɣen akal yellan s ddaw n yigeḍyen. Ad ɣzen alama uwḍen ɣer tefliwin n wadda n yigeḍyen. Mi semmden taɣuzi, ttarran tisulal n usɣar ad ṭṭfent tama n ufella n tbergent i wakken ur d-treddem ara. Imir-nni axjiḍ-nni i d-ɣzan ad t-ččaren d aserɣu.
Iqremyad-nni i ssekwen i yiṭij, ad ten-id-ddmen, ad ten-sersen wa ɣef wa, d idurra ɣef wudem n ufella n tbergent, ɣef yigeḍyen. Iran-nni n wudem n ufella sellɣen-ten s taleɣt i wakken ur d-tetteffeɣ ara lḥamu.
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Di taggara, ad ssiɣen times i userɣu-nni. Mi teṭṭef tmes, ad reglen ṭṭaq-nni ɣzan di tazwara; ad t-selɣen s taleɣt.
Tuqqda-agi n uqermud di tbergent, mazal xeddmen-tt di taddart n Tfuɣalt (deg Yiflisen n Wumlil).
Anda niḍen, xeddmen-tt am tin n yigduren n taleɣt. D amedya, deg Wat-Ʃisi, srusuyen isɣaren izuranen; ad rnun fell-asen iqremyad ad ten-sembibben, ad asen-seggrin isɣaren ireqqaqen akked ticcict; s akkin ad as-siɣen times. Tuqqda tettaṭṭaf xemsa swayeε neɣ setta.
Zik-nni, deg useggas 1950, yiwen n uqermud ittnuzu tlata durru. Syen ɣer da, d lqermud n legliz i yuɣen amkan, acku, tura, ur la bennun ara medden ixxamen akken i ten-bennun wat-zik.
Yura-t s tefransist :
Muḥemmed DEḤMANI
Yerra-t-id ɣer tmaziɣt i tesɣunt Tira :
Muḥend Weεmer USALEM.
Seg Tira, Uṭṭun 3, 2000, sb. 09.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. s wacu ttseqqifen yimdanen ixxamen-nsen, zik-nni ?
2. Anta tamurt ideg xeddmen lqermud ?
3. s wacu ttidiren yimezdaɣ n temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?
11. Anwi iberdan i d-yettawi uqermud si tazwara alama d taggara ?
Tagzemt tis5
- Ur ḥemmleɣ gma,- Ur ḥemmleɣ gma,- Uur ḥemmleɣ win ara t-yuwten.
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Amawal
1. Seg tbadut ɣer wawal● Af-d deg uḍris awal iwatan i yal tabadut
- D leɣbar n lmal mi ara yeqqar, sexdamen-t d aserɣu, zik-nni.- D lɣella i d-suffuɣen yimdanen s yirmad akk xeddmen am temguri d tfellaḥt.
2. Awalen yezdi uẓar
● Ha-ten-a kra n wawalen, wali ma yella kra n unamek i ten-yezdinTaleɣt, sleɣ, talɣa, luɣ.
● Af-d deg uḍris isem n wallal i d-yettwasuddmen seg umyag alel (εiwen).● D acu ay d aserɣu ? Anwa amyag seg i d-yekka ? D acu-t ihi, d isem n tigawt neɣ n wallal neɣ
n umeskar ? ● Af-d isem n wallal i d-yekkan seg yal amyag
3. Tagetnamka● Awal « iɣil » yesεa ddeqs n yinumak. Qqen yal tafyirt ɣer unamek yesεa deg-s wawal
« iɣil »
Tifyar Inumak
1. Ad as-ɣzen azal n yiɣil.2. Win ara imeslen, d iɣil-is i yeszwar.3. Tigti n tuddar n Leqbayel, zgant-d deg yiɣil.4. Uɣeɣ-d iɣil n lebsel.5. Imnekcam akk i d-yusan, uɣen tamurt s yiɣil.6. Taluft-a, tekka nnig yiɣil-iw.
1. d asawen2. d tazmert3. d lkil, azgen n lmitra.4. d amur seg ufus n umdan, seg
teɣmert ɣer lḥekka anda tebda tdikelt.
5. d ddreε, d takriḍt.
4. Assaɣen inamkayen● Efk-d inemgalen n wawalen yettuderren
- Ad sersen iqermuden.- Ad siɣen times.- Ad sekwen iqermuden.
● Af-d sin n yinemgalen i wawal « skew ». Serwes-iten, wali ma yella tzemreḍ ad tesmerseḍ yiwen deg wadeg n wayeḍ, deg tefyar akk neɣ ala.
Ɣer imedyaten-a :● Yuli-d usigna.● Yebna axxam.● Yebna i warraw-is.● Yuzen-d uɣrib idrimen i warraw-is.● Yunag ɣer tmurt n Yirumyen.
Isestanen 1. Deg yal tafyirt, af-d amyag d yisemmaden yernan ɣur-s.2. S wacu yemgarad yal asemmad ɣef wiyaḍ (addad-is, amek yeqqen s amyag) ?3. Anwa ay d ul n tefyirt d amyag neɣ d isemmaden ?4. Isemmaden-a, qqnen akk ɣer umyag neɣ yella win yeqqnen ɣer yisem ?
Ad cfuɣ
Tafyirt, tezmer ad tili s umyag kan akked umatar udmawan. D acu kan mi ara ttmeslayen neɣ mi ara ttarun medden rennun aṭas n wumlan ɣer umyag d umatar-is akken ad yemmed unamek n tefyirt. Awalen irennun s amyag qqaren-asen isemmaden.
Ger yisemmaden :● yella usemmad asegzay (deffir n umyag, d amaruz, tawsit-is d umḍan-is am umatar) ;● yella usemmad usrid (deffir n umyag, d ilelli, yezmer ad yeṭṭef amkan-is umqim awsil) ;● yella usemmad arusrid (iteqqen s amyag s tenzeɣt « i », d amaruz, yezmer ad yeṭṭef
amkan-is umqim awsil) ;● yella usemmad s tenzeɣt (iteqqen s tenzaɣ niḍen, d amaruz ; mi ara t-yessenfel umqim,
tettɣima tenzeɣt, mačči am urusrid).● Yella daɣ usemmad n yisem, maca wagi mačči d asemmad n umyag. D isem i wumi yesmad,
tetteqqen-it ɣur-s tenzeɣt, tettarra-t d amaruz.
Iluɣma
1. Af-d isemmaden yellan deg tefyar-a● Yuwet-d ugeffur.● Yeğğa-d umɣar-nni tiferkiwin i warraw-is.● Yura-asen-tent-id.● Kkan-d seg temdint, teddun ɣer taddart.
2. Smed tafelwit-a s (+) neɣ s (-)
Asemmad Yeqqen s amyag
Yeqqen ɣer yisem D ilelli D amaruz Yeqqen
sridYeqqen s tenzeɣt
Yezmer ad yili d amqim
asegzay
usrid
arusrid
s tenzeɣt
n yisem
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6. S wacu yebda ?7. S wacu ifukk ?8. Amek-itt tigawt-ines?9. Amek ara as-nessiwel ihi?
TaseftitAmaɣun n wurmir ussid
Ɣer amedya-a● Win yettaggaden yiwen,
Ur yettaggad ula yiwen.
Isestanen1. Acḥal yellan n yimyagen?2. Derrer-iten.3. Beddel-asen udem?4. D acu i wumi tegreḍ tamawt?5. D acu-t umezwaru-nni?
Ad cfuɣ
Amaɣun d amyag mi ara yefti s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara, ay akken tebɣu tili tewsit d umḍan n yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Deg unamek, amaɣun amzun d arbib.
Yal timeẓri n umyag tesεa amaɣun ines. Amaɣun n wurmir ussid yettaleɣ akka :i / y (e) + asentel (n wurmir ussid) + (e) n.
win ye + ttaggad + ( e) n = win yettaggaden.
Iluɣma
1 - Efk-d amaɣun n wurmir ussid n yimyagen-a.- Aru - ini- Krez - Wali- Gen - Rwel- Awi - Siwel
2 - Muqel amyag amezwaru tsemdeḍ tafelwit-a:
amyag Amaɣun n yizri Amaɣun n wurmir Amaɣun n wurmir ussid
UrarAruGaniẒer WwetSimes
yuraren Ara yuraren yetturaren
3- Ini-d d acu-ten yimaɣunen-agi, tefkeḍ-d talɣa-nsen taḥerfit ● yuɣalen● yettawḍen● yettenkkaren● ara yennaɣen
4- Suffeɣ-d imyagen yellan deg uḍris-agi, efk-d talɣa taḥerfit-nsen d wurmir n wussid-nsen.● Nezmer i wurfan d lxiq● Nezmer-as i ddiq● Nezmer i yal d lmeḥna.
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Tirawalt
Tamsertit: Tazelɣa n tnila « d » d umatar « t »Ɣer tifyar-a
● Wissen ma ad d-tuɣaleḍ!● Ẓriɣ ur iyi d-tettarraḍ ara ɣef tebrat-iw.
Isestanen :1. Af-d imyagen yellan deg tefyar-agi.2. Acu n wudem uɣur ftin ?3. Acu i t-id-yemmalen?4. Acu yellan sdat-sen?5. Amek i d-teɣriḍ imyagen-agi?6. Acu ur d-nban ara deg ususru-nsen?7. Acuɣer ur d-banen ara?8. Acu n tamawt ara d-tefkeḍ ihi?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara yemlil umatar udmawan « t » n wudem wis sin (n wasuf neɣ n usget) d tzelɣa n tnila « d » iɣelli umatar udmawan-nni deg ususru, maca tuwi-d ad yili (ad t-nerr) di tira.
Md: ad d-nsusru « ad d-as » maca ad naru: ad d-tas (nettat), ad d-tawim (kunwi) atg.
Iluɣma
1 - Err aḍris-agi ɣer wudem wis sin n wasuf unti. Ɣurek amtawa!
Mi ara d-yas gma-k, ini-as ad d-yerzu ɣur-i, ad as-azneɣ kra n tɣawsiwin, ad tent-yawi ɣer fransa. Mi yuweḍ ɣer din ad d-yessiwel ad as-iniɣ anda ara tent-yeğğ. Ma ur yessin ara tamnaḍt –nni, ad d-yuɣal ɣer Pari ad tent-isers ɣer Meẓyan Awadrar.
2 - Tazabut (aselmad, ad d-izubet s temsertit.
Lemnam
Mel-iyi-d d acu i d-tsuliḍƔri mi i d-tusiḍA targit efk-i lehna
Ma si ṭṭaq ay d-tettεeddiḍAd t-ɣelqeɣ kul iḍ Ɣuri ur d-tkeccmeḍ ara
Fiḥel ma di d-tesmektiḍ Ẓriɣ kra teẓriḍLehmum bdan-d mačči ass-a
AT MENGELLAT, Tikkest seg Lemnam
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Aḍristaleɣt
Afrag yezga yeččur d leḥwal n yideqqi. Di tama n tewwurt n usqif, tettrusu tezdemt n yisɣaren i tuqqda. Ccɣel n taleɣt, ibeddu di tefsut. Tettawi-tt-id uletma Baya akked xalti
deg uqecwal seg wansi yebεed. Mi tt-ssekwent, ad tt-neɣdent alama tuɣal am uɣebbar, yis-s i messlent tisugam d tbaqiyin.
Mi tger afus xalti di taleɣt, ad tessali taqendurt-is ar tagecrirt, ad txemmel i yiɣallen-is, ad ternu ad terfed tuqqna-s, imir ad d-teddem akerra n taleɣt, ad t-tessers ɣef tencirt. S ukerra-nni, ad teg lqaε n wayen i tra ad t-temsel: d tasagemt neɣ d tabaqit. Tmessel-it am teḥbult n temtunt. Mi ara txeddem, ẓriɣ ur ilaq ara ad as-meslayeɣ, mačči d tagnit n wawal. Nanna, ula d nettat, tmessel s uzmumeg d tumert, ad teddem taleɣt, ad as-teslef, ad tt-temsel s yiḍudan-is alama tessuffeɣ-d kra d aɣezzfan am uεekkaz neɣ am uzrem. Mi ɣezzif aṭas, ad teḥbes, ad t-tegzem d iḥricen swayes ara d-tezzi iran i teḥbult-nni n xalti. Ad teṭṭef tancirt talewwaɣt, ad tejbed yis-s taleɣt-nni imeslen am uεekkaz, ad ternu ad t-tessisded i wakken ad d-alin yiran n lḥila. Mi tsellek yiwet ad teεnu tayeḍ.
Tlata neɣ rebεa n tɣawsiwin kan i ttgent deg wass acku yedyeq ufrag-nni ideg tent-srusuyent. Nanna, mi temsel cwiṭ deg yiwet n lḥila, ad tuɣal ɣer tayeḍ ad temsel daɣen deg-s kra i wakken mi ara tezzi ɣer tmezwarut-nni ad tt-taf tebda tettkaw, ad tizmir ad tt-tkemmel. Ad d-teddem tancirt, tikkelt-niḍen, ad temsel taleɣt-nni, ad tt-tejbed, ad tt-tessisded i wakken ad as-tefk talɣa. imir, ad yebdu ad d-yettban wudem n tuggi neɣ n tsagemt.
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Xalti, mačči kan d lqiεan i tessen ad temsel maca tmessel ula d ayen niḍen. D acu am nanna ulac, medden akk -ladɣa tisednan- qqaren-d d leḥwal n nanna i yelhan, d widak i icebḥen. Nanna tetwel aṭas di ccɣel-is.
Mulud FERƩUNSeg: « Mmi-s n Yigellil »,
issuɣel-it-id Remḍan ΣACUR
Asegzi:Ad t-tessisded: ad t-tessirqeq.Tisednan: tilawin.
Ideqqi: d afexxar, d taleɣt
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Amahil n taleɣt d taẓuri neɣ d amahil menwala ? Ayɣer ?
2. Deg wacu yemgarad umahil n xalti ɣef win n nanna ?
3. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris tignatin seg i d-tzerri lḥila n yideqqi, seg taleɣt alama tsellek.
4. Anti tiɣawsiwin i ilaqen uqbel ad bdun askar n kra n ugdur ?
5. Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris tangiwin akked wallalen i yerzan taleɣt.
6. Yewεer neɣ yeshel umahil n taleɣt ?
7. Acḥal ttɣiman deg uxeddim n yiwet n lḥila?
8. Ayen i messlen igduren-nsen?
9. Anta tallit n wass ideg xeddmen aṭas n taleɣt?
10. Acu n wunuɣen ay ttarrant tlawin ɣef yigduren?
11. Ɣef wacu i d-imeslay di tseddart 1ut ?
12. Amek i t-id-yenna?
13. Muqqel taseddart tis snat: acu i d-isefhem deg-s?
14. Di tseddart tis snat d asefhem kan i d-isefhem neɣ yerna-d ayen niḍen?
15. Anti takkayin i yettilin deg uxeddim n taleɣt?
Tifexsa deg (yi)ḍarrenṬṭerḍiqent i usemmiḍ,Iẓri-s di lemḥanUrğin ur t-tesfiḍ,Mi d-teldi allen,Am waggur deg yiḍ;Yemma xas tertem,Yiwen ur tt-yerkiḍ.
Yemma am tfiɣertYeddarayen uruz..Mi as-teɣli tezmert,Ad as-εellqen leḥruz.Ad d-teffeɣ si taddartUr d-teskan telluẓ.Yemma am tzerzertMmi-s mi t-tetthuz.
Allal n uẓawan - i yugten - imẓad - deg temnaḍt - kkatent-t - n yimucaɣ - tlawin. D nutenti - yiwen n wanziz - ur yewεir ara - aṭas n tɣawsiwin - yesεa kan - i lxedma - yeshel d ayen kan - maca laqent - akken ad t-id-txedmeḍ.
3. meslay-d ɣef ukermus: Ini-d melmi i yettewwa. Amek-it ugummu-ines ? Ini-d ma teshel neɣ tewεer tukksa-ines. Acu n wallal swayes i t-id-tekksen ? Anda i t-teẓẓun ?
4. muqqel tiseddarin-agi tiniḍ-d d acu-tent : ma d ullis neɣ d asegzi neɣ d aglam.
- Abazin d yiwet n tgella i xeddmen medden s yimɣan i d-gemren si lexla am : taɣeddiwt, azegḍuf, tiɣiɣac, asemmum…..
- Yiwet n tallit, yella yiwen n ugellid – agellid ɣas Rebbi- yesεa sebεa n warrac d yiwet n teqcict : arrac-nni xeddmen lexla ma d taqcict-nni txeddem axxam. Armi d yiwen wass truḥ ɣer tala….
- Nadiya d yiwet n tlemẓit ifulkin mačči d kra, aggur deg yigenni nettat di lqaεa. Tibeddi-s d taɣezzfant. Allen-is d tiwinaɣin ma d amzur-is am leḥrir, tberru-as-id ɣef tuyat….
5. Aru-d aḍris d ameẓẓyan ideg ara d-tsegziḍ yiwen wurar ay tḥemmleḍ.
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Aḍris
Urar n walqafen
Uraren n yigerdan, azal-nsen d ameqqran, am yiḍes d tgella. Daɣ-netta ulac agrud i d-yekkren ur yurar ara, ama netta d yimawlan-is, ama netta d watmaten-is neɣ d
tezyiwin-is deg uzniq.
Di tmetti taqbaylit, aṭas n wuraren i yellan. Yal tasemhuyt s wuraren-is. Tiggti seg-sen, tturaren-ten deg unebdu neɣ di tefsut. Llan wid tturaren ama d arrac, ama d tullas, llan wid i tturaren kan warrac. Uraren, mxalafen daɣen almend n leεmer.
Ger wuraren ay yellan, zik-nni, ad d-nebder: tiqqar, tiddas, ddabex, amqaddem, tuqqna- tuffra, tilellac, tamellaḥt, alqafen… lḥasul mačči d yiwen, yerna yal urar isεa ilugan-ines. D acu-ten dɣa yilugan n walqafen ? Melmi ay ten-tturaren ? Amek i ten-tturaren ?
Alqafen, d urar tturaren, arrac tullas, d acu kan, d tullas -ladɣa tilmeẓyin- i yettmilen aṭas ɣer wanaw-agi n wurar, acku tturaren-t deg uxxam.
Deg yizilan n unebdu ay tturaren medden alqafen aṭas, imi azal yettarra-d akk imdanen s axxam ; win ara iqeyylen ad iqeyyel, win yesεan kra n ccɣel ad t-yexdem, ma d wiyaḍ, tturaren way-gar-asen.
Ad yaɣ lḥal leqḍen-d alqafen ; xemsa n yiẓra d imecṭaḥ myugdan, yis-sen ara uraren. Wid ara yuraren, ad qqimen di lqaεa tasemmaḍt, ad msefhamen qbel, anwa ara yezwiren ; tikwal,
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izewwir win meqqren gar-asen, tikwal, ttagan mcelqef, win ara d-icleqfen aṭas d netta ara yezwiren.
Urar-agi, deg-s tẓat n takkayin : ad bdun si mm-yiwen. Di mm-yiwen, ad d-refden yiwen yiwen n ulqaf (mi ḍeggren yiwen s igenni, wayeḍ, ad t-id-refden si lqaεa, ad d-ṭṭfen, imir-nni win akken i d-yuɣalen seg yigenni). Mm-sin am mm-yiwen, d acu kan sin-sin ara d-tteddmen si lqaεa. Ad tt-awin akken alama d mm-rebεa, syin, ad d-uɣalen ɣer mm-xezzen. Mm-xezzen-agi, tturaren-t am mm-yiwen, ulac amgired gar-asen.Tis-seḍiset, d mm-berru : mi i d-refden yiwen n ulqaf ad d-brun i wayeḍ, alama bran-d i tlata, ad ten-refden imir-nni ɣef tikkelt. Tis-sat d mellal. Mellal-agi, yemgarad ɣef wayen i d-nebder akka ar tura, acku tid akk iεeddan yiwen n ulqaf kan ay ṭṭeggiren s igenni, ttaṭṭafen-t-id mi ara d-yuɣal. Ma d Mellal, di tazwara ad ḍeggren yiwen, ad d-refden wayeḍ, syin ɣer-s ad ḍeggren sin ad d-ddmen yiwen, dɣa ad ṭṭfen sin-nni alama ḍeggren rebεa. Tin uqbel taneggarut d mm-celqef : dagi ad ṭṭfen alqafen akk, ad ten- uwten s igenni s ulqaf wis-xemsa, ad ten-hudden, syin akkin win akken ara yuraren ad as-yini i ufna-s : « ini-tt », winna, ma iwala belli alqafen-nni mqaraben, ad as-yini : « lqeḍ-itt », ma iwala-ten mbaεaden, ad as-yini : « ḥerwi-tt ». Ma ilqeḍ-itt akken ilaq, ilaq-as ad yurar mm-yiwen i wakken ad d-nini belli ixdem-d taɣyult. Ma yella ixser uqbel ad d-yexdem taɣyult, d axsim-is ara yuraren nnuba-s, alama yexser ula d netta, ad ikemmel imir-nni umezwaru-nni seg wanda akken yeḥbes, mebla ma iεawed si tazwara.
Ɣer taggara n wurar, ma yessaweḍ win i wumi d-xedmen taɣyult ad tt-id-ifru, a lxir d rrbeḥ neɣ ma ulac, ad issuter i uxsim-is ad as-isemmeḥ. Winna, ma yebɣa ad as-isemmeḥ ad as-yini « semḥeɣ-ak am uyefki ay teṭṭḍeḍ si yemma-k », ma terṣel-it-id ur as-ittsemmiḥ ara i wakken ad as-yeddu di neqqma, ad as-yini : sekker sekker, dduḥ dduḥ, ur tettegririb ur tettnuḥ…
Kahina ḤIREC
Asegzi:Ufna,afna: axsim.
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Acu n wuraren ay tturaren di temnaḍt n Leqbayel ?
2. Anta tallit ideg ten-tturaren ?
3. Anwa i ten-yetturaren ?
4. Anwa amkan ideg ten-tturaren ?
5. Acḥal n yimdanen i ten-yetturaren ?
6. Acḥal n takkayin i yesεa wurar-agi ?
7. Acu ay xeddmen yimurar qbel ad yebdu wurar ?
8. Bder-d ilugan n wurar-agi.
9. D acu yexdem umeskar deg uḍris-agi : igellem-d neɣ isegzay-d… ?
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Amawal1. Ismawen n wuraren
● Bder-d akk uraren n zik ay tessneḍ.
2. Seg umerḍil ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt.● Yal amerḍil (awal azɣaray) qqen-it ɣer wawal n tmaziɣt i ilaq ad nessemras deg umkan-is.
Amerḍil Awal n tmaziɣt
Ḍegger Tisemhay
Lɛeb Azal
Lefṣul Tagrest
Lqut Myugdan
Lqima Nnmara
Ccetwa Zelli
Lexrif Anaw
Msawan Tawala
Ṣṣenf Afna
Axṣim Ḥertadem
Nneqma Tagella
La majorité Urar
Nnuba Tiggti
3. Asuddem n kra n yismawen n tigawt. Af-d imyagen seg d-iteffeɣ yisem n tigawt yebna am yimedyaten-a.
● Qqen tuqqna.
● Ffeɣ tuffɣa.
4. Tagetnamka d tlulɣa (talulɣa,d mi ara tili talɣa teɛdel, anamek yemgarad)
Awal, d agetnamkay mi ara yesɛu aṭas n yinumak. Zemren daɣen ad ilin sin wawalen ɛedlen deg talɣa maca ulac gar-asen assaɣ anamkay ; d ay-a i wumi qqaren talulɣa.Wali deg tefyar-a ma d tagetnamka neɣ d talulɣa
● Uraren n yigerdan, azal-nsen, d ameqqran● Azal yettarra-d akk imdanen s axxam.● Teqreḥ-it taɣect-is.● Telha taɣect-nni ay d-yecna.
● Yebna axxam ack-it.● Sliɣ ad yerr axxam deg unebdu-a
● Taddart-iw tezga-d deg yiɣil.● Ixuṣṣ-as yiɣil n lkettan.
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TajerrumtAnammal n usentel
Ɣer imedyaten-a :
● Yebna-asen urgaz axxam i warraw-is.● Argaz, yebna-asen axxam i warraw-is.● Axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz i warraw-is.● Arraw-is, yebna-asen urgaz axxam.● Arraw-is, axxam, yebna-asen-t urgaz.● Argaz, arraw-is, yebna-asen axxam.
Isestanen1. Af-d ul n tefyirt tamezwarut, meḥsub tafyirt taddayt: ayen ur nezmir ad ittwakkes.2. D acu-ten wawalen i d-yernan ɣer umyag (ul n tefyirt) ?3. Serwes tafyirt tamezwarut ɣer tiyaḍ. D acu ibeddlen?4. I deg unamek beddlent kra neɣ ala? (Xas ulama cwiṭ maḍi).5. Acuɣer i d-ttwazewren yismawen-agi? D acu i d-mmalen?
Ad cfuɣ
Anammal n usentel d isem (neɣ ahat sin) ilelli, yettili di tazwara n tefyirt uqbel amyag. Yemmal-d asentel n tefyirt. Win yettmeslayen yemmal-d s uẓawan n taɣect-is belli isem anammal n usentel yesεa azal meqqren deg unamek n tefyirt :
imensi, yečča.Tettili daɣen tesgunfut ger unammal n usentel d yiḥricen niḍen n tefyirt. Di tira, tasgunfut-
2 - Ha-tent-a tefyar d timagnuyin, err-itent d tifyar ideg ara yili unammal n usentel
● Ffɣen yirgazen ɣer lexla.● Ur as-ttgen ara azal i tmussni.● Yugar-ik umeddakkel-ik leεmer.● Iɣza ufellaḥ tiregwa i yisekla-s.
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TaseftitAmaɣun n yizri ibaway
Ɣer imedyaten-a :● Win yunagen, ad yissin.● Win ur nunag, ur yettissin.
Isestanen:1. Amek i as-neqqar i talɣa n umyag “ yunagen” ?2. Sleḍ talɣa n umyag “yunagen”3. Ma nbeddel tawsit neɣ amḍan, ad tbeddel talɣa n umyag neɣ ala?4. Ẓer daɣen ma ad tbeddel talɣa n umyag “ ur nunag”
● Win ur nunag. ● Tin …………● Wid ………. ● Tid …………
5. D acu-t ihi umyag “ur nunag”?6. Serwes ger talɣa n umyag “ yunagen” akked tin n umyag “ur nunag”. Acu twalaḍ?
Ad cfuɣ
Yella umaɣun ilaway, yella umaɣun ibaway. Amɣun ibaway am umaɣun ilaway ur yettbeddil ara almend n tewsit d umḍan. Yettaleɣ akka : n + afeggag n umyag ɣer yizri ibaway. Deg umur ameqqran n temnaḍin, temgarad talɣa n umaɣun ibaway ɣef tin n umaɣun ilaway : « i » n tazwara yettruḥu « n » n taggara yettuɣal-d ɣer sdat.
Amaɣun ilaway : win iruḥen i + ruḥ n
Amaɣun ibaway : win ur nruḥ n + ruḥ
Tamawt : di kra n temnaḍin, ur semgiriden ara ger talɣa n umaɣun ilaway d tin n umaɣun ibaway. D amedya qqaren : win yuran, win ur yurin.
Iluɣma
1- Af-d amaɣun ibaway d umaɣun ilaway di tefyar i d-iteddun● Amezruy yers ɣef tira, win ur nuri ara, isem-is yessared-it unẓar.● Win yeččan, yečča; win ur nečči, tarbut tekkes.● Win yeddren, ad t-id-bedren.● Win i as-yennan tiẓgi texla, i yexlan, d netta.● Ur nečči, ur nerbiḥ ay ul, ur nemniε di ccḥani.
2- Sileɣ-d amɣun n yizri ilaway d umaɣun n yizri ibaway n yimyagen-a
Amyag Amaɣun ilaway Amaɣun ibaway
DduFfeɣFresAwiMuqqel
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TirawaltTamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila
Ɣer amedya-a :
● Ad d-yas azekka yerna ad d-yawi takerrust.
Isestanen1. Acḥal n yimyagen i yellan ?2. Tigawin n yimyagen zrint neɣ zerrint neɣ ad zrint… ?3. Acu n tmeẓra n yimyagen ?4. Amek i ten-id-teɣriḍ ?5. Acu ur d-tenṭiqeḍ ara deg yimyagen-agi ?6. Amek i ten-nura ?7. Acu n tamawt i tzemreḍ ad d-tegreḍ ihi ?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara temlil tzelɣa n wurmir « ad » akked tzelɣa n tnila « d », tazelɣa-nni n wurmir tettruḥu deg ususru maca tuwi-d ad tili di tira. Md : - Ad d-yas azekka. Neɣra-t-id « A d-yas » maca nura-t « ad d-yas » acku d tazelɣa n
wurmir « ad » i d-yemmalen urmir s « ad » . Ihi tuwi-d ad tt-naru deg umyag xas ma deg ususru tettuɣal d [a] kan .
Iluɣma
1. Tazabut
● Ad d-yas deg usafag, ad d-yers deg unafag n Lezzayer tamaneɣt.
● Ad d-iruḥ alama d dagi akken ad d-yini amek ara nexdem i ujrad ifukken iqwiren.
● Ad d-yas uselway n Tuddsa n yiwunak yeddukklen ɣer tmurt-nneɣ, aseggas-agi.
● Bɣiɣ ad d-iniɣ, ad yifsus wul-iw.
2- Err tifyar-agi ɣer wurmir s « ad » tbeddleḍ ayen i d-tuwi ad ibeddel.
● Yejba-d si tmurt n tgella d usemmiḍ, yenna-d amek xeddmen akken ad d-sukksen aṭas n yidrimen.
● Yuɣal-d xas akken ur tebɣin ara.
● Yusa-d acku iḥemmel aṭas tamurt.
● Di tmeɣra-nni-ines irḍel-d aṭas n yidrimen.
● Tsawel-d tamacahut n Tfunast n Yigujilen i warraw n mmi-s.
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AḍrisTakerza
Takerza, d armud agejdan deg tfellaḥt. Zik-nni, di Tmazɣa, tamurt n tfellaḥt d tkessawt, xeddmen-as tameɣra i tkerza acku d ansay axatar ɣur-sen : yis-s i d-sasayen tagella-nsen.
Yal axxam, ɣur-s tayuga n yizgaren neɣ snat maḍi acku d tinna kan i d tafellaḥt-nsen, tinna i d abaɣur n warraw-nsen. Tafellaḥt d taqdimt di tmazɣa, yesnefli-tt ugellid Masensen.
Tafugla n tkerza, beddun-tt deg wussan imenza n Yiweğğiben, qqaren-as daɣ n Ḥertadem.
Ass amenzu n tkerza, ttmaggaren-t yifellaḥen s tumert d tameqqrant : tanezzayt-nni n tkerza, ad d-kkren zik, uqbel ad teffeɣ tyuga ɣer tkerza, ad asen-dehnen acciwen-is s zzit n uzemmur, syen ad ṭṭfen yifellaḥen abrid ɣer yigran-nsen. Ass-nni, yal win yesεan tayuga ad tt-id-isuffeɣ. Mi uwḍen ɣer yiεreqyab-nsen, ad bdun ad kerzen. Win ifukken ad iεiwen wiyiḍ. Degmi, di tallit-nni, yal tardast n wakal tettwakraz. I wakken ad fakken takerza deg uzemz-is, xeddmen s umedwel, kerzen kra yellan d taferka akken ad teffukti, ad d-tefk ṣṣaba.
ilmend n wass-nni, tilawin ttnawalent acewwaḍ d tmellatin tuftiyin, ttawin-ten yifellaḥen yid-sen d aεwin ɣer lexla.
Mi d-tuweḍ tallit n yimekli, ad msawalen yifellaḥen, ad d-nejmaεen ɣer yiwen n umkan akken ad ččen. Udem-nni amezwaru n ucewwaḍ ad t-fken i yizgaren ad t-ččen. Ussan-nni imezwura, ttfarasen-ten yifellaḥen i tkerza yerna yal ass, s tgella-s : ass amezwaru, ad sewwen
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acewwaḍ d yidernan, ass wis sin, d berkukes akken ad kksen lhemm ɣef-sen ; wis kraḍ, ad sewwen uftiyen akken ad ftin yimenda-nsen ; wis ukkuẓ, ad niwlen seksu s yimɣan akken ad tezzegzew lɣella-nsen, ad tfukti, ad ternu ad teğğuğeg.
Ʃ. LEWNIS
Asegzi n wawalen :
Idernan : lesfenğ
Amedwel : meḥsub wa yettεawan wa, s nnuḅa.
Takessawt : aṛebbi n lmal : izgaren, ulli, tiɣeṭṭen…
Bdan nedhen rreyyasYal wa s lkarṭa-sIɛessasen ɣef leḥwaci
Ma d yiwen am nekk teεkes-asRuḥen ǧğan-t watma-sNnan-as : wa d aḥcayci.
3. Fren yiwen gar yisental-a, taruḍ-d aḍris asegzay: ( d alaɣmu, ad t-xedmen deg uxxam)
● Tibuɣarin.
● Tuzzya n lmelḥ (mi yurnan ugrud).
● Ddabex n ufus (ilugan-is).
● Aleqqem n yisekla.
Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw
Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?
Wali ma tzemreḍ ?
1. Ad takzeḍ aḍris asegzay?
2. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger uḍris asawlay d uḍris asegzay?
3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ takala deg uḍris asegzay?
4. Ad d-tsegziḍ kra n taluft neɣ n wansay?
5. Ad d-taruḍ aḍris ideg ara d-tsegziḍ neɣ ad d-tgelmeḍ?
Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:
6. ……….weḥd-k?
7. ……… di sin?
8. ……… d ugraw?
9. ……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?
Muqel ma tzemreḍ?
10. Ad takzeḍ asemmad usrid deg tefyirt?
11. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger usemmad arusrid d usemmad s tenzeɣt?
12. Ad takzeḍ anammal n usentel?
13. Ad takzeḍ asemmad agensay?
14. Ad takzeḍ amaɣun n wurmir ussid d umaɣun n yizri ibaway?
15. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tmeẓra n yimyagen?
16. Ad tesmerseḍ tizdit anda iwata?
17. Ad taruḍ mebla tamsertit d+t, ḍ+t anda tlaq?
- +
Amur wis kraḍ :
Tira n uḍris asegzay.(ussnan)
Ad ɣreɣ aḍris asegzay, ad waliɣ amek i tmugg tmeṣkiwt-is i wakken:
1 - Ad issineɣ amek i d-segzayen kra n tumant tussnant.
2 - Ad ẓreɣ amek i tetteddu tkala-s.
Amur
wis
kra
ḍ
Tagzemt Iḍrisen Allalen n tutlayt Afares s tira
7
- Ansi i d-itekk
ugeffur ? sb : 72
- Aman sb : 78
- Asefru : Ajeğğig sb :
80
Tajerrumt: Asemmad
agensay sb : 75
Taseftit: Amaɣun n wurmir
ibaway sb : 76Tirawalt: Tamsertit : ad + « d » n tnila
sb : 77
Asegzi n tumant tussnant
8
- Anagraw n yiṭij sb :
82
- Amtiweg n Umaḍal
sb : 88
- Asefru : Igujilen sb :
90
Tajerrumt: Tafyirt tumyigt
d tefyirt tarumyigt : sb : 85
Taseftit: Tafelwit n tseftit
sb : 86
Tirawalt: Tamsertit : « d »
n tnila + amqim awsil n
umyag sb : 87
Asegzi n tumant tussnant
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Aḍris
Ansi i d-itekk ugeffur ?
mi ara d uwten waqqaren n yiṭij ɣef tmurt, ttraggaten waman yellan deg yigarawen akked wid yellan deg wakal.
D tazɣelt n yiṭij i yesraggaten aman n yigarawen d yisaffen d wid n wuggugen. Ula d aman ssagren yimɣan ttalin ɣer tegnewt, d ay-agi i wumi qqaren tuccfa. Iraggen-nni simal yessalay-iten waḍu, simal ttismiḍen, ttuɣalen d timiqwa n waman neɣ d ibruyen n ubruri neɣ d tilezda n udfel.
Yiwen n umur deg waman i d-iɣellin, itess-it wakal, ma d amur niḍen yettuɣal ansi i d-yekka : yettazzal deg yisaffen, yettuɣal ɣer yillen d yigarawen.
Mi ara d-uwten waṭas n waman gellun-d s twaɣiwin : ittseyyix wakal, derrmen yixxamen. D isyaxen-agi i imesslen udem n wakal.
Ʃli LEWNIS
73
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Acimi ttalin waman ɣer tegnewt ?
2. Melmi i ttuɣalen waman d iraggen ?
3. D acu i ten-yettarran d iraggen ?
4. Acu i d-yettawin asigna ?
5. Melmi i d-ɣellint tmiqwa-agi d ageffur ?
6. Anda ttarran waman i d-iɣellin si tegnewt ?
7. mi ara d-ɣlin aṭas n waman n ugeffur, s wacu i d-gellun?
Tagzemt tis7
- Anida akken ḍemεeɣ tafat,ay ufiɣ lehwa tekkat.
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Amawal
1 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris aktawal n lḥamu, tefkeḍ-d sin yimedyaten s wawalen ara d-tafeḍ
2 - Suffeɣ-d daɣen seg uḍris aktawal n waman tiniḍ-d anamek n yal yiwen deg-sen.
3 - Acu i d anamek n wawal : igellu-d ?
4 - Muqel amedya tkemmleḍ, tinid-d d acu twalaḍ.
● Ɣli aɣelluy● Zwi …........……
● Fsi …........……
● Xsi …........……
● Bri …........……
● Fti …........……
● Sli …........……
● Mzi …........……
5 - Efk-d anamek ila wawal «tamurt» di yal tafyirt.
● Amur ameqqran seg waman-agi yettarra ɣer ddaw tmurt.
● Yejjem tamurt.
● Yezdeɣ di tmurt n Leqbayel.
● Yessekra akk tamurt-is.
● Ɣlin-d waman ɣef tmurt.
6 - Suffeɣ-d seg uḍris anemgal n « seḥmu ».
7 - Efk-d krad n wawalen icerken azar d yisem: timiqwa.
ɣer Imedyaten-a :● Rẓan-aɣ tirẓi n ubuqal.● Yessared tarda n umcic.● Ikerrez takerza n ulɣem.● Yedder tudert rẓagen.● yetturar urar d amencuf.● la yettaḍsa taḍsa tawraɣt.
Isestanen :1. Di yal tafyirt, af-d amyag.2. Amek i asen-qqaren i wawalen irennun ɣer umyag ?3. Amek qqnen s amyag wid n tefyar-a, srid neɣ tella tenzeɣt ?
4. D acu icerken isem amezwaru d umyag (wali ma ttemyilin s uẓar neɣ ala) ?5. Wali daɣen d acu-ten wawalen i d-yernan ɣef yisem amezwaru. Tzemreḍ ad ten-tekkseḍ ?6. Yezmer umqim awsil ad yessenfel isemmaden-a i d-yernan ɣer umyag ?7. Deg wacu ttemcabin yisemmaden-a ɣer usemmad usrid ? Deg wacu ay mgaraden ?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara yili usemmad n umyag yebna ɣef yisem n tigawt n umyag-nni uɣur yeqqen, yerna rnan-d ɣur-s wawalen niḍen (n+ isem, arbib, amaɣun, d n tilawt+arbib), qqaren-as asemmad agensay. Asemmad-agi, yettas-d deffir n umyag, yeqqen ɣur-s srid, addad-is d ilelli.
Yemgarad ɣef usemmad usrid deg way-a :
● Asemmad agensay d isem n tigawt n umyag-nni uɣur yeqqen, ma d asemmad usrid xaṭi.
● Asemmad agensay ur yezmir ara ad yili s yiwen wawal kan ; mernaw ɣef yisem n tigawt, tamara ad ilin wawalen niḍen (tirẓi n ubuqal. Takerza n ulɣem. Taḍsa tawraɣt atg.)
Iluɣma 1. Af-d isemmaden igensayen ma llan deg tefyar-a
● Berrik tebrek n tasilt.● Yečča aɣrum yeqquren.● Yečča učči n uderwic.● Ileḥḥu tikli tuɛwijt.● Yuwet-it tiyita n lmut.● Yeswa tissit i d-yuɣ.● Yeswa tissit n tuffɣa n leɛqel.
2. Aru-d s ɣur-k/m snat n tefyar ad yili deg-sent usemmad agensay.
1 1 12 2 2
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Taseftit
Amaɣun n wurmir ussid ibaway
Ɣer amedya-a :
● Win iteddun ɣef tidet yessawaḍ.
Isestanen :1. D acu-t wawal-a yettuderren ?2. Beddel tawsit d umḍan i umqim ameskan « win » twaliḍ ma yella kra ibeddlen deg umyag
● Win ur ………….. ɣef tidet yessawaḍ.6. sikked d acu ibeddlen deg umyag ger talɣa tamezwarut d wamek yella tura.
Ad cfuɣ
Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway am win n yizri ibaway yettaleɣ s (ur…..ara) akked ubeddel di talɣa n umaɣun ilaway :
Win iteddun =
Win ur nteddu =
i teddu n
n teddu
« i » n tazwara itekkes, « n » n taggara yettuɣal ɣer tazwara.
Iluɣma
1 - Akez amaɣun n wurmir ibaway di tefyar –agi.● D win akken yeddurin i yessburrun tarakna.● Ssuq d ssbeḥ, win ur neqḍi lerbaḥ fukken.● Tesdukkel lḥemla win yecfan d win itettun.● A wid ur neggan , deg uzal, ttargun.● Argaz ur nxeddem, efk-as taruka ad yellem.
2 - Err imaɣunen n wurmir ɣer talɣa tibawayt.● D amaḍal i itezzin i yiṭij.● D ageffur ara d-yessemɣin tuga.● A widak yeɣran, iḥessben rennun.
3- Smed tafelwit-a
Amyag Amaɣun wurmir ussid ilaway Amaɣun n wurmir ibaway
ẒerFresMuqqelIli
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Tagzemt tis7
TirawaltTamsertit : « d » n tnila + amqim awsil n umyag
3. Wali ma akken i d-nenṭeḍ amqim awsil i t-turiḍ.
4. Limer ad as-nernu “i” i tzelɣa n tnila ad tuɣal “id-”, ad yeεdel lmenṭeq d tira neɣ ala?
Ad cfuɣ
Mi ara ternu tzelɣa n tnila “d” ɣer umqim awsil n umyag asemmad arusrid, ama d win n wudem wis 2 n wasuf amalay (yenna-ak-d) ama d win n wudem wis 3 n wasuf (yenna-as-d) ama d win n wudem wis 3 n usget amalay (yenna-asen-d), imesli [k] d [s] n yimqimen iwsilen ttuɣalen [g] d [z] deg umeslay :
[yenna-ag-d] [yenna-azen-d]
Mi ara yili “i” gar-asen, ulac tamsertit. Di tira, yella “i” neɣ ulac-it, ad tekkes tmsertit .
Iluɣma
1 - Tazabut (ad d-iɣer uselmad s temsertit.)● Tamaziɣt, tban, iserreḥ-as-d zzman.
● Uriɣ-as-d tabrat neɣ ma snat, ur ak-d-yenni ara.
● Widak zemren ad as-d-ssewwen lexrif di tegrest.
● Err-as-d s lexbar, azekka.
2 - Senfel isemmaden yettuderren s yimqimen iwsilen, ales-as tira i yal tafyirt.1. Yeğğa-d i warraw-is.2. Yefka-d yiwen n umur i kečč.
3. Yuɣ-d tiḥlawatin i netta.
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Aḍris Aman
Aman d asafar yesḍulin i tudert. Mebla aman, ulac tudert. Segmi d-iban umdan amezwaru ɣer tudert, yufa-d llan waman, armi yuɣal ur yettarra ara tidmi-s ɣur-sen. xuḍi aman
sεan azal mačči d kra, i umdan neɣ i uɣersiw neɣ i yimɣi.
Γef wakken i d-nnan yimassanen, ad ilin azal n 1.40 n yimelyaren n yikilumitren ugsisen (km3) n waman deg Umaḍal.
Amur ameqqran (97%) llan deg yigarawen d yillen, ayen i d-yeggran yella deg yigdizen (2%), deg yimdunen, deg yisaffen, di ttra n wakal akked uzwu neɣ di tignewt.
Deg uwines wis 17, ufan-d belli aman n yillen akked wid n wakal ttraggaten, ttalin ɣer tegnewt, ttuɣalen ɣellin-d d ageffur, d abruri neɣ d adfel.
Deg wakal, drus n waman i yellan, d ayen i wumi qqaren ttra.
Ddaw n wakal, aman ttnejmaεen di tefrawin, keccmen deg yiẓra neɣ ttezririgen gar-asen.
Tasmekta n waman temgarad si tmurt ɣer tayeḍ, llant tid yesεan, llan tid ixussen εlaḥsab n umkan ideg d-zgant deg Umaḍal akked unezwu.
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Ass n wass-a, aṭas n yiɣerfan i la yettcetkin ɣef waman, maca ur asen-fkin ara azal, ur asen-xdimen ara ttawil swayes ara ten-ḥerzen. Ɣef way-a, tamurt-nneɣ yessefk-as ad tεiwed tamuɣli di tsertit n usefrek n waman. Tuwi-d ɣef yal yiwen, ad yesseḥbiber ɣef waman : ma ad nqedwan, ad tenger ddunit.
Ʃli LEWNIS
Asegzi :Igdizen (agdiz) : Amaḍal, ɣur-s sin yigdizen, win n ugafa d win n unẓul, d imenẓawen n udfel .
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Ansi i d-tekken waman ?2. Anwa abrid i d-ttawin ?3. Amek i ttuɣalen d ageffur, d adfel neɣ d abruri ?4. Acu n ufmiḍi n waman i yellan deg Umaḍal ?5. Anda ttarran waman i d-iɣellin ?6. Acuɣer temgarad tesmekta n waman si temnaḍt ɣer tayeḍ ?7. Amek i ilaq ad nseḥbiber ɣef waman ?8. Acu i izemren ad d-iḍru lemmer ad negren waman ?
Tagzemt tis7
- Awal, d aẓref;tasusmi, d ureɣ.
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Refden-t iseggaden n tafatWid izedɣen akkin i waguD imnayen, d at-umzur yeddal tuyatAt-lebraq seg ufus la ileḥḥuFkan-t i waggur bu-lmeryatGer yitran yerra-tGar-asen ad yedhuLa ireqq deg yigenni nwala-tMeskin yuggad ad t-nettu.Itran, uran isem-is di tegnewtD ayen ur yezmir ḥedd ad t-yemḥuMa twalam itri i wumi tzad tafatẒret d netta i aɣ-id-yehdan asefru.
MUHEB
AsefruAjeğğig
Yegma ujeğğig di lefjerYecreq yiṭij ɣef ssifa-sXas yiwen wass kan i yedderCfan akk medden fell-asUr yessin meskin umgerArmi yekcem ɣer yiger Igzem-it di ttnasfaɣas yemmut mačči yengerImi azekka ad d-yekker gma-s
Teẓram acḥal d ajeğğig yemɣin D tgejda yulin Asmi i d-yuwet uḥemmalNufa, ziɣ, kra ibedden yettmal.Ur nuki mi yuwet lebraqTers-d tafat seg yigenniYenhez udrar yeṭṭerḍeqSi zzhir ur aɣ-iban ansiAjeğğig iɣab, yeεreq Dayen iruḥ, a wi iẓran sani ?
Yecna-t Yidir, deg tesfift : Iseggaden n tafat
Isestanen
1. Asefru-a, yebna am tmacahut. Suffeɣ-d ayen i d-yemmalen amakun (ayen ur nezmir ad yeḍru di tilawt, di tmacahut kan i yezmer ad yili).
2. Suffeɣ-d tlata n tegnatin n tmacahut.
3. Anwa i d-yettmeslayen deg usefru : kkes-d ayen i t-id-yemmalen deg uḍris.
4. Anwa i wumi yettmeslay : kkes-d ayen i t-id-yemmalen deg uḍris.
5. Acu i tfehmeḍ di tefyirt : Nufa, ziɣ, kra ibedden yettmal.
6. Ma ajeğğig d azamul n umdan, amdan-a ad yili yesεa azal neɣ d menwala ? ayɣer ?
7. Iseggaden n tafat, bɣan-as ayen yelhan neɣ ayen n dir i ujeğğig ?
8. Ma neṭṭef afir aneggaru, d acu i yezmer ad yili ujeğğig ?
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Tagzemt tis7
D nekk ara yarun
1. Asegzi :1 - Acu i d ageffur ?2 - Acu i d adfel ?3 - Acu i d aman ?4 - Acu i d tafyirt ?5 - Acu i d anebdu ?
2 - ini-d d acu-t wanaw n yal aḍris :
Imeddukkal n ugama.1 ur neqqet ara iɣersiwen.
2 Ur gezzmet ara isekla.
3 Ur sruɣut ara tiẓegwa.
4 Kkret akken ma nella ad nḥarbet ɣef ugama.
Uccen, inisi d yizem
Yiwet n tikkelt yecrek yinisi, uccen d yizem takerza d tmegra. Asmi fukken, srewten, sazedgen. Yeqqim kan ad bḍun. Nnan-as i wuccen : « Kker bḍu-aneɣ ! » Uccen yebḍa, yenna : « tagi i nekk. Yewwet-it yizem ɣer yixef, imrez-it, yessazzel-as-d idammen. Ineggez-d yinisi yenna-as : « Jbed iman-ik, wali ad tissineḍ ad tebḍuḍ ! » Yeṭṭef yinisi amud, yenna : « Bismillah, tagi d yiwet i εemmi izem, tagi d tis snat i yizem, tagi d tis kradet… kuzet, semmuset, seddiset i εemmi izem, yiwet i nekk, yiwet i εemmi uccen. »
Yenna-as yizem : « Anwa i k-islemden tiḥerci-a ? » Yenna-as : « D ixef n wuccen i yettazzalen d idammen ».
Amagger n tefsut
Amagger n tefsut d ansay ilan assaɣ akked ugama. D tagnit ideg d-mmalen medden tumert nsen imi d-yuki ugama seg umeɣrud n tegrest, ama d imɣan ama d ibeεεac. Ansay-agi d asfillet i lɣella akked uǧuǧǧeg n tudert.
Deg umenzu n tefsut, ttenkaren medden di tafrara i wakken ur yeggan ara sseεd nsen. Uqbel alluy n yiṭij, ad yebdu umeslay d unecreḥ.
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AḍrisAnagraw n yiṭij
Anagraw n Yiṭij d tagrumma n yimtiwgen itezzin i Yiṭij. Maca mačči d imtiwgen kan i yellan. Llan daɣen yimazzayen d yitran uɣzifen d yizunetran.
D iṭij i d talemmast n unagraw-agi, yugar akk imtiwgen i as-id-itezzin. Iṭij d takurt ireqqen ; yettarew-d taẓɣelt d tsaraɣt. Tifesniwin n teẓɣelt s-ufella-ines kkant nnig n semmus n yigiman (5000).
Tẓa (9) n yimtiwgen i itezzin i yiṭij. Yal yiwen deg-sen itezzi daɣen ɣef yiman-is. Ma yekka-d umdan seg yiṭij, Amaḍal, d wis krad (03). Llan sin gar-as d yiṭij : Markur, akked Wanes. Deffir Umaḍal llan seddis (06): Meɣres, Yebṭer, deffir-s Wasturn, Wranes, Nebtun, Bluten. D Yebter i d ameqqran akk ger-asen. Amur ameqqran n yimtiwgen sεan imazzayen. Wigad-agi frurin-d seg yimtiwgen-nni i wumi tezzin. Ger yimazzayen, nezmer ad d-nebder Aggur itezzin i Umaḍal. Snat tmerwin d tẓa (29) n wussan d uzgen i itekk Waggur i wakken ad as-id-yezzi. Kra n yimtiwgen sεan aṭas n yimazzayen.
Ɣer tama n yimtiwgen d yimazzayen-nsen, llan daɣen yitran-uɣzifen akked yizunetran. Itran-uɣzifen, ulɣen s yiẓra d uɣebbar d udfel. Tezzin i yiṭij am yimtiwgen. Mi ara aẓen ɣer yiṭij, ifessi udfel-nni i ten-idlen, itteffeɣ-d seg-sen lgaz, tteftutusen yiẓra-nni, yettafeg-d uɣebbar dɣa ttbinin-d zzuɣuren imezran neɣ taseṭṭa ɣer deffir. Izunetran, aṭas i yellan. Mgaraden di talɣa, wa meqqer, wa meẓẓi.
R. ƩACUR
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Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. D acu i d anagraw n yiṭij ?
2. Acḥal n yimtiwgen i yellan deg unagraw n yiṭij ?
3. Ma yekka-d bnadem seg yiṭij, anda i d-yezga Umaḍal ?
4. Imtiwgen, sεan imazzayen, anwa i d amazzay n Umaḍal ?
3. Af-d anwa awal seg i d-yettwasuddem wawal : « anagraw ».
4. Asuddem n tɣara1.1 Awal « talemmast » d asuddim, af-d anwa awal i uɣur yerna « l » i wakken ad yaleɣ.1.2 Acu twalaḍ deg wawal « ilemẓi », ansi i d-yekka, acu i yernan ɣur-s ?
5. Awal « amazzay » d isem n umigaw, yekka-d seg umyag « zzi », yerna ɣur-s « m » dɣa yuɣal yemmal « win ixedmen tigawt ». Ger yimyagen-agi, af-d anwi i d-yettakken isem n umigaw, aru-ten-id.
Amyag Isem n umigaw
Zdeɣ
Aker
Ini
Eks
Glu
Aru
6. Tunẓarin :
● Tagertilt n nnḥas, ur tettneqlab, ur tettnefḍas, siwa Rebbi ma izmer-as. D acu-tt ?
● Tabaqit n tmellalin, tennegdam, ur tenɣil. D acu-tt ?
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Tagzemt tis5
Tajerrumt
Tafyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt
ɣer imedyaten-a :● Ass-a, yekkat udfel deg udrar.● Ass-a, d adfel deg udrar.● N wasif, waman-a.● Ɣur-s aqcic d teqcict, tmeṭṭut-agi ?.● Am wudi, uyefki-nsen.
Isestanen :
1. Deg tefyirt tamezwarut d tefyirt tis snat, anwa ay d awal ur nezmir ad yettwakkes ? Meḥsub yezmer ad yili mebla ma llan wiyiḍ.
2. Deg unamek, tifyar-a ɛedlent neɣ mgaradent ? I deg lebni, ɛedlent neɣ ala?3. Af-d, daɣen, ger wawalen n tefyar i d-yeggran, anwa ay d taɣayemt (llsas).4. Deg wacu ay temgarad ihi tefyirt tamezwarut ɣef tiyiḍ ?
Ad cfuɣ
Tafyirt, tezmer ad tesɛu amyag d taɣayemt neɣ awal niḍen ur nelli ara d amyag. Mi ara yili d amyag ay d ul n tefyirt, qqaren-as tafyirt tumyigt. Mi ara yili d awal ixḍan amyag, qqaren-as tafyirt tarumyigt. Tarumyigt, tezmer ad tebnu s « d » n tilawt akked yisem neɣ akked umqim, neɣ akked urbib. ; tezmer daɣen ad tebnu s yiwet ger tenzaɣ-a (ɣer, n, am) akked yisem.
Iluɣma
1. Ha-tent-a tefyar, af-d anta ay d tumyigt, anta ay d tarumyigt● Aman-a, n tala.● Tugem-d aman n tala.● D taqbaylit yerna d tidet.● Isem, ɣur-s snat n tewsatin.● Wagi, d netta.● Berrik wudem-is● Udem-is, d aberkan.
2. Tafyirt yellan d tumyigt, err-itt d tarumyigt ; tin yellan d tarumyigt, err-itt d tumyigt.● Ass-a, semmeḍ lḥal.● Isem, ɣur-s sin waddaden.● Ass n lǧemɛa, tella tmeɣra deg taddart.● Yettemcabi ɣer lebḥer, wasif-nni.
3. Aru-d sɣur-k tafyirt tumyigt akked yiwet n trumyigt.
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TaseftitTafelwit n tseftit.
Asefti n umyag « fren »Smed tafelwit-a :
Udmawen n tseftit
Izri Urmir
Izri ilaway Izri ibaway Urmir s « ad »
Anaḍ aḥerfi
asuf
dm. 1u
dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.
asge
t
dm. 1u
dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.
Amaɣun n yizri :Ilaway :Ibaway :
Amaɣun n wurmir :
Udmawen n tseftit Urmir ussid Anaḍ ussid
asuf
dm. 1u
dm. w2dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.
asge
t
dm. 1u
dm. w2 m.dm. w2 nt.dm. w3 m.dm. w3 nt.
Amaɣun n wurmir ussid :Ilaway :Ibaway :
Isegzal : dm. = udem m. = amalay nt. = untidm 1u = udem amezwaru dm w2, w3 = udem wis sin, udem wis tlata.
�7
Tagzemt tis8
Tirawalt
Tamsertit : ad + amqim awsil n umyag.
Ɣer imedyaten-a :
● Abrid ireglen, ad as-nerẓ asalu.
● Seg-neɣ win iεewjen, ad t-id-nesselhu.
● Tamurt iεetben, ad as-nekkes azaglu
● Amcum i aɣ-iceggben, ass-nni ad ten-iru.
Isestanen :
1. Wali deg yimedyaten, anida yella umgarad ger tmenna d tira.
2. Melmi i as-nrennu i umyag « ad » ?
3. D acu-ten wawalen yellan ger « ad » d umyag ?
4. Limer d izri, anida ara ilin, sdat neɣ deffir?
Ad cfuɣ
Di tuget, mi ara yefti umyag ɣer wurmir, yettili « ad » sdat-s. Mi ara yili « ad », yezzuɣur yid-s imqimen iwsilen n umyag, ttilin gar-as d umyag. Deg umeslay, ur d-nneṭṭeq ara « d » nni n « ad », maca di tira, « ad » n wurmir ad t-nettaru yemda.
Ameslay tira
[a s-iniɣ][a ɣ-yawi][a tent-ččeɣ][a t-ğğeɣ]
ad as-iniɣad aɣ-yawiad tent-ččeɣad t-ğğeɣ
Iluɣma
1 - Tazabut (aselmad, mi ara d-izubet, ur d-yeqqar ara « d »).● Tafat mi tt-neẓra, tusam-d ad tt-tessensem.● Ur tezmirem ara ad aɣ-tekksem tamuɣli.● Ad as-neg nnuba i liser, leḥzen ad as-necfu.● Amennuɣ, nekkni, ad t-neqbel ɣef yizerfan-nneɣ.
2 - Err ɣer wurmir s « ad » imyagen n tefyar.● Ssneɣ abrid, xḍiɣ-as.● Nbedd-as i tdukli ifeclen, nrebba-as-id ifadden, yufa-ten-id uεdaw yessḍen mi yekker ad
Amaḍal, d amtiweg ittekkin deg unagraw n yiṭij. Ma tekkid-
d seg yiṭij, Amaḍal, d wis krad. Di temɣer n tfekka, d wis semmus ger yimtiwgen niḍen. Ɣer daxel, Amaḍal, yebḍa d tissiwin : s ufella maḍi d taɣerraft; di tuzert, ad tesεu alama d ttesεin (90) n yikilumitren. Tissi yellan ddaw-as, isem-is idil ; ad tesεu azal n sin yigiman d tẓat timmaḍ (2900) n yikilumitren. Ddaw yidil, yella uɣsaw azɣaray, ad yesεu azal n sin yigiman d snat timmaḍ (2200) n yikilumitren. Di taggara, yella uɣsaw agensay, d netta i d ul neɣ i d talemmast n Umaḍal; ad yesεu tamudi n wagim d kradet n timaḍ (1300) n yikilumitren.
Taɣerraft, tissi n s-ufella, zuret ugar anida yella wakal yufraren neɣ yeqquren wala deg yigarawen. Ger tissiwin-agi akk i d-nebder, anagar, taɣerraft akked uɣsaw agensay i yeqquren ; tissiwin niḍen lbubɣent, ḥlulint.
Di leεmer, ad yesεu Umaḍal azal n ukkuẓ d uzgen (4,5) n yimelyaren n yiseggasen. Ma ddukklen akk waman
yellan ɣef wudem n Umaḍal, ama d wid n yigarawen, ama d wid n yillen, ama d wid n yigelmimen d
yisaffen, ad naf waḥed u ssebεin ɣef tmiḍi (71%) si tjumma n Umaḍal d aman ; ayen i
d-yeggran, snat n tmerwin d tẓa ɣef tmiḍi (29 %), d akal yufraren ɣef waman. Daɣ-
netta d aman i yesserkaden tifesniwin n teẓɣelt. Akal yufraren, yebḍa ɣef 05 n yimenẓawen : Tafriqt, Yurup, Marikan (tin n wadda d tin ufella), Asya, Usṭrali.
deffir d tillas, d iḍ. Mi ara itezzi umtiweg n Umaḍal i yiṭij, yeṭṭafar aɣaras d aglayan (meḥsub am talɣa n tmellalt). Aɣaras-a yesεa ttseε-meyya u rebεin (940) n yimelyan n yikilumitren di teɣzi. Iteddu deg-s Umaḍal s urured n tesεa-u-εecrin, tafrayt setta u sebεin (29,76) n yikilumitren di tasint. Daymi i itekk telt meyya u xemsa u settin (365) n wussan d xemsa (05) n timar d setta u rebεin (46) n tasnin.
R. ƩACUR
Asegzi :
Aɣaras : abrid
Ad nnadi ɣef unamek d wanaw n uḍris
1. Ma nessemyezwer imtiwgen almend n temɣer n tfekka-nsen, acḥal ara d-yezg Umaḍal ?
Tidet amek ara sen-tt-mleɣ ?Yeggugem yiles ara ineṭqenDeg yirebbi-w mi ara ten-id-jemεeɣTtaggadeɣ acu yi –d-qqarenD times i ttmaggareɣmi ara ten-id-ḍilleɣ Si lakul mi ara d-ffɣenAzal, iḍ, ttucewwleɣAmek ara sen-mleɣ Amek i teḍra d yemma-tsen ?
Lekdeb d tidet qerrḥenSfeqden-d lḥal mazalLimer ssber d yimeṭṭawenIẓri-w ad yeg tiḥemmalTtaggadeɣ medden ad asen-mlenAyen akken yeffrenAd d-yecceḍ deg yir awal .Tifeḍ-iyi kemm yemmutenNekk i d-yeqqimenAmek ara qableɣ timsal ?
MEΣTUB LwennasSi tesfift « A tarwa n lḥif »
Asefru
Igujilen
Limer zmireɣ ad rewleɣ i yiman-iwΣemmdeɣ iḍarren-iwAd derrin wala ad ḥebsenLimer zmireɣ ad kellxeɣ lebɣi-wAd yessgen ul-iwAd rewleɣ wi ara d i-yafenImi d nitni ay d iman-iwD lḥekkam n terwiḥt-iwMa neṭqeɣ-d ad iyi-εaqben.
Tekkiḍ amnar n wallen-iwDayen ur kem-ttwalint araLxiḍ uɣur cuddeɣ zzher-iwYeqqres-d yis-m yeglaRriḥa-m deg uxxam-iwTeqqim-d i ccum-iwTekseb leḥyuḍ d lḥaraWin muqleɣ seg warraw-iwIcellex wul-iw mi ara yi-d-yini : « I yemma ? ».
Isestanen :
1. D argaz neɣ d tameṭṭut i d-yettmeslayen deg uḍris-a ?2. I wumi yettmeslay umdan-a ?3. D acu i t-iceɣben, urgaz-agi?4. Ɣer wacu yesserwes (icuba) allen-is ?5. D acu i as-yuɣalen d taεkemt ?6. D acu yuggad ?7. D acu i icellxen ul-is ?8. Ayɣer yeḥsel ger tidet d tkerkas ?9. Di tseddarin (tis 2, tis 3, tis 4) muqel amek i tga tmeɣrut di setta yifyar imezwura akked
rebεa yineggura.10. Acḥal n tunṭiqin i yesεa wafir amezwaru, wis setta, akked wis ttesεa ?
Tagz
emt
tis8
91
D nekk ara yarun
1 - Ger snat n tseddarin -a, af-d anta i d tasegzayt.
a - Taseddart tamezwarut :
Amdan n uzarmezruy, itett imenda i d-imeqqin wehd-sen di lexla. Yuɣal, asmi i d-yufa
times, yessewway imenda ɣef yiẓra yerɣan. S-akkin, yuɣal ineqqed iεeqqayen n yimenda s
yiẓra. Asmi yessaweḍ yesnulfa-d igduren n taleɣt, yesserkam deg waman iẓid i d-yessuffuɣ
s unɣad. Aman d yiẓid ttuɣalen d iḥlulen.
Yiwen wass, yettu aḥlul deg ugdur, mi d-yuɣal ɣur-s yufa-t-id icuff, yuli. D win i d aɣrum amezwaru iwejden i tiwwin.
b - Taseddart tis snat.
Aɣrum, d yiwet ger tgelliwin tigejdanin n umdan. Yettmug uɣrum s urekti ideg xelḍen aṭas n yisufar : awren, aman, tisent, anamtan. Mi yeεrek urekti, ad yeqqim alama yuli, ad yeww ɣef tmes.
2 - D acu i d agemmay ?
3 - S wumlan i ak /am-id-nefka, aru-d taseddart n kra n tefyar, ad tessegziḍ deg-s amtiweg n Meɣres. Tzemreḍ ad tnadiḍ ɣef wumlan niḍen ur d-nettunefk ara da, icban : ma llan s-ufell-as waman, ma tella tudert, aqran n tfekka-s ɣer tin n Umaḍal…
Amtiweg n Meɣres
Akdu ines : 6 794 km. Asedger gar-as d yiṭij: ger 206 650 000 km d 249 230 000 km . Acḥal n wussan i itekk i wakken ad d-yezzi i yiṭij: 687 n wussan d 23 n timar. Imazzayen-is: llan 2 (Fubus akked Dimus.) Tiɣmi-s: d tazewgaɣt.
Tagzemt tis8
Ad sitgeɣ iman-iw
Acu i twalaḍ deg wanawen n yiḍrisen i d-turam?
Wali ma tzemreḍ
1. Ad takzeḍ aḍris ullis, d uḍris asegzay?
2. Ad tegzuḍ tamacahut?
3. Ad d-tgelmeḍ iwudam deg wullis?
4. Ad d-tgelmeḍ adeg anda ttidiren?
5. Ad takzeḍ adiwenni deg wullis?
6. Ad teẓreḍ tamlit n yal awadem deg wullis?
7. Ad d-taruḍ tamacahut ideg ara d-terreḍ aglam, adiwenni…?
8. Ad d-tsegzuḍ kra n wansay neɣ n tumant?
Melmi i tettafeḍ iman-ik? Mi txeddmeḍ:
9. ……….weḥd-k?
10.……… di sin?
11.……… d ugraw?
12.……… d yinelmaden n tesmilt akken ma llan?
Muqel ma tzemreḍ?
13 Ad takzeḍ asemmad agensay deg tefyirt?
14. Ad takzeḍ tafyirt tumyigt?
15. Ad takzeḍ tafyirt tarumyigt?
16. Ad tsemgirdeḍ ger tefyirt tumyigt d tefyirt tarumyigt?