Adjustable Rotoverter

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S.I. Khmelnik ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1493-6630 Email: [email protected]

Adjustable Rotoverter (Fuel-free Energy Generator)

Annotation A project of an adjustable rotoverter as a fuelless energy source is

proposed. The project used various additions to the existing rotovertors to ensure stable operation under variable load. Theoretical proof of its performance is given. In fact, two facts are uniformly proved: 1) the rotoverter generates energy, 2) the planets rotate around its axis. No one has long argued with the second fact, but there is no other scientific explanation.

Contents 1. The strategic importance of the project. 2. Application 3. The main characteristics. 4. Operating conditions. 5. Functioning. 6. The principle of action. 7. Existing experiments 8. Known rotoverter circuit 9. Patenting 10. Status: 11. Some theoretical information

11.1. Introduction 11.2. Earth's gravitational field is a source of energy 11.3. Some relations

References

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1. The strategic importance of the project. The proposed fuel-free electromagnetic generator for generating

electricity allows you to:

receive electricity without the cost of fuel;

receive electricity without harming the environment;

receive electricity in isolated areas;

receive electricity in emergency situations.

2. Application In private houses, apartments, at enterprises, in public buildings and

other autonomous structures;

on city streets and intercity routes, in parks, in stadiums, etc .;

to provide electricity to residential complexes, districts, settlements;

to provide electric power to the ground and underground electric trains and ships;

in power plants as a replacement for thermal turbines;

at construction sites;

as a mobile generator for industrial and private needs.

3. The main characteristics. There are no consumables (including fuel).

There is no radiation hazardous to health.

The size and weight of the generator depend on power. Dimensions and weights are comparable to the dimensions and weights of gasoline engines of the same power.

At the output of the generator is a three-phase alternating current. Frequency and voltage - according to the standards existing in a given country (customization to the standards of any country is possible).

4. Operating conditions. There are no restrictions on temperature, humidity, and pressure.

Requires protection against rain and dust.

No special safety measures for people are required.

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5. Functioning. The generator is started by a starter, which can later be turned off.

The generator can be stopped. After stopping, a restart is required.

The power of the generator is determined by the power of the load, which should not exceed the set value for this generator.

6. The principle of action. A generator converts the Earth’s gravitational energy into electricity.

The possibility of such a transformation

proved theoretically in the framework of the existing physical paradigm (below - in more detail),

verified by numerous experiments performed by independent authors (more details below),

practicable and patentable.

7. Existing experiments The rotoverter (or motor-generator) is widely known, which is a pair

of electric machines connected mechanically (with a common shaft, using a mechanical belt or gear transmission, possibly with a flywheel) - see Fig. 1. They are electrically connected so that one of the machines (generator) feeds the load and the other machine (engine).

Fig. 1.

It is known that the first to propose such a construction (and name) is

Hector P. Tores [1]. To date, many active rotorverter designs are known - see, for example, [2]. Patents are also known for devices that are essentially rotorverters — see, for example, [3-7].

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Chas Campbell device can also be attributed to rotoverters - see fig. 2

and video [7]. This device also has an engine and a generator, mechanically connected using a flywheel, but the flywheel is not located on a common shaft but connected to the shafts of electric machines through a gearbox. Another difference is that there is no electrical feedback from the generator to the engine.

Fig. 2.

What is common between all these devices is that they generate

additional energy, the source of which is unknown. It can be assumed that the flywheel is the generator of this energy: in Campbell’s device this is quite obvious, and in rotorverters without a flywheel, the role of the latter is played by the rotors of electric machines.

8. Known rotoverter circuit The scheme of existing rotorverters is shown in fig. 1 where

Induction motor M,

An asynchronous generator, consisting of an induction motor G and a capacitor bank C,

Flywheel F,

Load (paws) L,

Starter – accumulator or network (outlet) S,

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Switch K,

Wires W.

Fig. 3.

9. Patenting Despite the many real devices, there are no, as far as the author knows,

industrial versions of rotorverters. Several reasons for the current state of affairs can be indicated.

No energy source was found and there is no theory of the functioning of the rotorverter.

Therefore, there is no design methodology and some additional nodes that ensure stable operation in the power supply system. Consequently,

Real devices result from numerous experiments and

Impossible to organize industrial production.

10. Status: It has been theoretically proved that the Earth’s gravitational field

can be an energy source for the functioning of the generator [8].

A mathematical model of a rotoverter is developed.

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A method for measuring the flywheel’s gravitational power and an experiment to detect and measure the flywheel’s gravitational power is proposed.

A method and device for regulating engine power to ensure the stable operation of a rotorverter under variable load are proposed.

A scheme of an adjustable flywheel - a flywheel with adjustable gravitational power has been developed. This is necessary in power supply systems, where the generator must operate on a substantially variable load.

A flywheel with an adjustable rotation speed is proposed (for the same purpose)

A flywheel design with increased gravitational power is proposed.

11. Some theoretical information Below two facts are uniformly proved:

1) the rotoverter generates energy, 2) planets rotate around their axis.

No one has been arguing with the second fact for a long time, but there is no scientific explanation.

11.1. Introduction Maxwell's equations for the electromagnetic field are known in the

form proposed by Heaviside. Heaviside is also the author of the theory of gravity, in which the gravitational field is described by similar form equations. It was further shown that in a weak gravitational field at low speeds, gravitational analogs of the electromagnetic field equations that have the same form can be derived from the basic equations of general relativity.

The idea of the similarity of the laws of gravity to the laws of

electromagnetism was discussed by J.K. Maxwell, Brillouin, Bridgman, O. Heaviside, G. Bondi, E. Braginsky and others. In 1961, R. Forward deduced the similar Maxwell relations of gravity based on A. Einstein's general relativity. In 1969, J. Karstua received the same system of ―gyrofield‖ equations based on the idea of isomorphism of the basic laws of electromagnetism and gravity.

Next, we will consider the equations of gravity in the form of Maxwell equations called MGM-equations. Recently, Samokhvalov’s experiments were performed. The effects observed in these experiments are very significant, but cannot be explained in terms of the well-known maxwell-like equations of gravity. The author of the project showed (based on the analysis

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of these experiments) that the existing equations need to be supplemented with some empirical coefficient, which can be called the gravitational

permeability of the medium (similar to the magnetic permeability

coefficient of the medium in electromagnetism). It was further shown that with this addition, the experimental results are in good agreement with the gravity equations modified in this way. A rough estimate was given to the magnitude of this coefficient.

Further, the author proposed solutions to the MGM-equations that explain the many observed phenomena and known experiments. In other words, it was shown that there are solutions that are adequate for many phenomena and experiments. Therefore, it can be stated with certainty that the proposed theory describes the observed reality.

So, in the weak gravitational field of the Earth, one can use MGM

equations to describe gravitational interactions. This means that there are

gravitational waves, a gravitational-electric component with intensity and

a gravitomagnetic component with induction . In a gravitomagnetic field (similar to an electromagnetic)

the mass moving with speed is affected by the gravitomagnetic Lorentz force,

there are flows of gravitomagnetic energy,

there are flows of gravitomagnetic momentum.

11.2. Earth's gravitational field is a source of energy There is one very important difference between the Maxwell equations

for electrodynamics and for gravitomagnetism. Compare equation (1) for electrodynamics and equation (2) for gravitomagnetism:

𝑟𝑜𝑡𝐵𝑒 =4𝜋

𝑐𝐽𝑒 +

1

𝑐𝐸𝑒 , (1)

𝑟𝑜𝑡𝐵𝑔 =4𝜋𝐺𝜉

𝑐𝐽𝑔 +

1

𝑐𝐸𝑔 , (2)

In equation (2) there is a factor G - the gravitational constant. which means that this equation (2) is applicable only in the conditions of a gravitating body. This also means that gravitomagnetic induction arises only under the same conditions. For example, around a conductor with a direct current, a magnetic field always arises, and, in particular, in the cosmic distance from the Earth. But around a conductor with constant mass current, a gravitomagnetic field can arise only under the conditions of a gravitating body, for example, the Earth. It also means that the energy source of the gravitomagnetic field is the Earth's gravitational field, even if this field was

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formed as a result of the flow of mass current. It also means that the source of energy in gravitomagnetic processes is the gravitational field of the Earth (and not the energy delivered by the source of mass current).

In practice, all further is a consequence of this statement. 11.3. Some relations The author solved the MGM-equations for a rotating massive disk - a

flywheel. It was shown that in the rotating flywheel there is a flow of gravitomagnetic energy, which is equal to the power of rotation. Thus, if the

flywheel rotates with speed 𝜔, then the Earth's gravitational field creates in it a stream of energy equal to the power generated by this disk. In other words, such a disk is a source of power. The source of energy for this power is the Earth's gravitomagnetic field.

In the future, we will call this power the gravitational power of the

flywheel. This power is proportional to the square of the rotation speed 𝜔2:

𝑆𝜑 = 𝜔2М𝜑 . (3)

The proportionality coefficient М𝜑 (by analogy with mechanics) can be called

the moment of gravitational force. This coefficient depends only on the physical properties of the flywheel and its size.

Together with the energy flow in the flywheel, a gravitomagnetic momentum circulates. The full rotational momentum created by the energy

flux is equal to the moment of the gravitational momentum of flywheel 𝐼𝜑 .

Thus, the Earth's gravitational field creates a moment of gravitational momentum in the flywheel. It is important to note that this moment depends only on the physical properties of the flywheel and its size.

Thus, the moment of gravitational power and the moment of gravitational momentum are characteristic of the flywheel, which appears only when it rotates. On the other hand, this means that any body in a gravitational field should rotate around its axis if there is no friction. Nature demonstrates this experiment to us: planets rotate in the gravitational field of the Sun. Science has not yet found another explanation (the initial impulse cannot serve as an explanation since there are energy losses due to internal friction during rotation).

Consider a flywheel with its drive motor. In the table. 1 shows the formulas of mechanics and the formulas obtained above.

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Table 1.

Mechanics Gravity analogues

Moment of force

(𝐹 is the rotation

force, 𝑅 is the radius)

𝑀 = 𝐹 × 𝑅 М𝜑

Rotation power 𝑃 = 𝑀𝜔 (motor power)

𝑆𝜑 = 𝜔2М𝜑

Moment of inertia

(𝑚 is mass) 𝐽 =𝑚𝑅2

2

Energy of a rotating body

𝑊 = 𝐽𝜔2

2

moment of momentum (angular momentum)

𝐿 =𝑚𝑅2𝜔

2

𝐼𝜑 independent

of 𝜔

From the table, it follows that the engine power is proportional 𝜔, and

the gravitational power is proportional to 𝜔2. Therefore, there always exists a speed at which the gravitational power exceeds the motor power. However, alas, this speed cannot always be realized technically. This explains the many failures of rotorverts constructors. However, if such a speed is realized, then part of the gravitational power can be returned to the motor, and the remaining part is given to the consumer. This implements a fuel-free generator.

References 1. Hector P. Tores, Rotoverter,

http://www.rexresearch.com/rotoverter/rotoverter.htm 2. Конструкции ротовертера – множество вариантов,

https://uaclips.com/rev/ротовертер/ 3. Alexander, METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INCREASING

ELECTRICAL POWER, US3913004, Сверхэффективный мотор-генератор Роберта Александера, http://electrik.info/main/fakty/1268-motor-generator-roberta-aleksandera.html

4. Dudarew V.P. DIRECT CURRENT DRIVE AS PER GENERATOR-MOTOR SYSTEM ON ONE SHAFT. RU0002414805, 2013

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5. Dudarew V.P. AC DRIVING MOTOR WITH SELF-EXCITATION CIRCUIT OF ANCHOR WINDING SUPPLY. RU0002476981, 2011

6. Lee I-soo. Over-unity energy motor-generator. Китай. Восемь патентов – см. https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/ru/result.jsf?_vid=P11-JYOBZ3-25665

7. Wheel Gravity Generator, https://www.freeenergyplanet.biz/free-energy-devices/info-czm.html

8. Khmelnik S.I. Gravitomagnetism: Nature's Phenomenas, Experiments, Mathematical Models. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1403669