ADFs AND PRODUCT STEWARDSHIP: Are there Practical Options for “Hard to Manage” Products at the Local Level? 2011 Texas Recycling & Sustainability Summit.
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ADFs AND PRODUCT STEWARDSHIP:
Are there Practical Options for “Hard to Manage” Products at the Local
Level?
2011 Texas Recycling & Sustainability Summit
Lisa A. Skumatz, Ph.D., PrincipalSkumatz Economic Research Associates, Inc. (SERA)
Client considerations Next steps, SWM not free / revenues diversification and
appropriateness, direction of costs; incentives Reduction goals, progress / next steps; funding; incentives
Solid waste management not free – Current revenues cover much, but: Don’t cover indirect costs of SWM (health, environmental) Don’t provide sustainable source covering even direct
costs Don’t provide incentives for waste reduction or choosing
less toxic (consumer or manufacturer)
SERA
TYPICAL PROJECT ACTIVITIES
Activities / Research on projects International inventory - Options and Case
ADFs commonly considered on problematic materials: Hazardous Create litter Hard to recycle
SERA
MANY EXAMPLES OF ADFs Quick examples
California Tire Fee and E-waste law (2004) Ireland, Italy, Belgium ADF on plastic single-use bags Broad-based product fees in Ontario, plus blue-box Bottle bills / deposit legislation
Retailer takeback with fees, privately-admin ADFs Particularly batteries, auto products, mercury products,
MATERIALS ANALYZED FOR RECENT ADF PROJECTS Fast food takeout packaging* Pesticides, fertilizer, toxics Paint Aerosols Single use bags Cigarettes Fluorescents Hard to recycle containers (combinations of standard
as well as wine, gable, aseptics, spirits) Batteries (multiple types) Universal electronics Rationales: hazardous, litter, costly, environmental
SERA
ESTIMATED REVENUE POTENTIAL (Thousands $)
Thousands of dollars annually, one SERA client
SERA
ESTIMATED LOST SALES TAXES (ONE EXAMPLE)
To get NET revenue, and address tax concerns
SERA
SHARE OF COSTS AT SAMPLE HHW
SERA
HHW FACILITY COSTS BY MATERIAL (thousands)
Total HHW costs – now, later. Costs relative to C/S recy, etc.
SERA
ADF LEVEL NEEDED TO COVER MANAGEMENT COSTS AT 100% FOR ONE CLIENT - EXAMPLES
Reasonable? Political? Change behavior? $?
SERA
ADMINISTRATION DESIGN
Locally appropriate, specific to material City – generally fees / permits, etc. County – generally property tax (generator fee
potential) State Dept of Revenue (or similar)– collects all sales
tax and remits to cities and counties. Investigate level of flexibility in structure of taxes, and “touches”
litter, disposal, have diversion options) Cost at HHW Admin costs vs. net revenues Complexity (of admin) Likelihood of legislation @ local / state / fed Political considerations Other…
SERA
PERFORMANCE ON CRITERIA
X for positive Rev
Po
tent
ial
Con
sum
p In
cent
ives En
viro-
Tons
/Div
Envir
o -
Litte
r
HH
W
Cos
t
Adm
in
Cos
t
Adm
in
Easy
Legi
sl U
nlike
.
Polit
OK?
Oth
er
TOTALFast Food Takeout X X X 3Toxics (all) X X X X X 5Pesticides X X X X X 5Fertilizer X X X 3Paint X X X X 4Single Use Bags X X X 3Cigarettes X X X X 4Packaging X X 2Fluorescents X X X X 4Expanded BB - W+A+G X X X X X 5Expanded BB - Spirits X X X X X X 6Expanded BB - G+A X X X X X X 6Batteries X X 2Univers. Electronics X X X 3Aerosols X X X 3TOTAL 5 6 5 5 3 0 14 11 9 0 0
SERA
CONSIDERATIONS / RESEARCH
Big picture Goals, problems to be solved
Specific problem materials? Priority characteristics Difficult disposal? Common / quick disposal? HHW / enviro / health? Litter?
Consideration of Context Legislation, budgets, etc.
Priorities / criteria / weights For the fee: political acceptability, sufficiency,
admin efficiency / feasibility; feasibility for modification over time; equity; (neutrality; discrim)
For the incentives: source reduction, diversion, environmental goals, etc.
Recommendation
SERA
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Costs of proper management rising. Revenue
options limited (enterprise, etc.)… Integrated system Behavior changes / incentives to address?
What is workable at local level? Not EPR. Maybe Bans, enviro fees, ADFs.
ADFs are successful in affecting demand elsewhere, including many materials – pros/cons. Concerns about purchasing across lines… location matters Can raise revenues sufficient to address costs and behavior
incentives (both levels) There are potentially-feasible ways of implementing / admin
SERA
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Materials and options selection depends on…