Addiction:Addiction: When a person gets used to the effects of a drug and does not feel good without it. Withdrawal:Withdrawal: A temporary illness that.

• Addiction:Addiction: When a person gets used to the effects of a drug and does not feel good without it.

• Withdrawal:Withdrawal: A temporary illness that results from not using a drug.

Examples of WithdrawalExamples of Withdrawal: Uncontrollable shakes, night sweats, vomiting, upset stomach, mood swings, headaches, trouble concentrating, sleeplessness, depression, suicide.

What is TOBACCO?• Tobacco is made from the tobacco plant. It is best

grown in a warm climate. This rich soil is found in most southern states.

• Each day in the United States, approximately 4,400 youths aged 12--17 years try their first cigarette.

• An estimated one third of these young smokers are expected to die from a smoking-related disease

• 13.3% of middle school students reported current use of any tobacco product

• Average age someone tries a cigarette? 14.5. • Cigarettes are the most commonly used tobacco

product.• Death from tobacco diseases is the #1 most

preventable type of death.

Health and Safety Problems

• Heart Disease• Cancer (all kinds)• Emphysema• Chronic bronchitis• Fire Hazards• Allergies to smoke• Problems for newborn and unborn

babies

• Nicotine: The addictive stimulant in tobacco products.• Tar: Dark, sticky substance found in tobacco smoke.• Carbon Monoxide: Poisonous gas found in tobacco

smoke; replaces oxygen in blood.• Emphysema: Air sacs lose elasticity from tar;

permanent, no cure.• Cancer: Uncontrolled cell growth, common in

smokers; 9 out of 10 lung cancer patients die.• Leukoplakia: White soars/patches inside of gums and

lips. Pre-cancerous, common with smokeless tobacco.

Short Term• Bad breath

• Stained teeth• Coughing

• Shortness of breath• Addiction

Long Term• Cancer

• Emphysema• Heart Disease

• Stroke• Bronchitis

• Roughly, 5,000 chemicals are found in tobacco smoke.

• Approximately 45 of those chemicals are known to cause cancer.

CHEMICALSCHEMICALS• Carbon Monoxide

• Formaldehyde• Ammonia• Arsenic

• Chew Tobacco• Dry Snuff

• Moist Snuff/DipDangers of Use

• High blood pressure• Tooth loss/tooth decay• Gum disease• Oral Cancers

Costs Lots of $$$$$$$$$$!

Yellow Teeth!

Yellow fingernails!

House Fires!

Smoking Smells!

Wrinkles!

Tobacco and Peer Pressure

• Simply say: “No Thanks, I don’t smoke.”

• Make an excuse: “I’m on the lacrosse team.”

• Make it personal: “My grandmother is really sick from smoking, I’m kind of traumatized.”

• Turn it around: “Dude, you do that? That stuff will kill you!”

• Make fun: “If I smoke, I’ll smell like you!”

Alcohol, Ads, and Kids?

• Teenagers down some 10% of all the "alcopops" sold, if not more

• National study published in January 2006 concluded that greater exposure to alcohol advertising contributes to an increase in drinking among underage youth.

• Between 2001 and 2005, youth exposure to alcohol advertising on television in the U.S. increased by 41%.

• Alcohol advertisers spent $2 billion on alcohol advertising in measured media (television, radio, print, outdoor, major newspapers and Sunday supplements) in 2005.

• For every 1 million underage readers ages 12-19 in a magazine, researchers found 1.6 times more beer advertisements and 1.3 times more distilled spirits advertisements.

• If young people like alcohol ads, they are more likely to have positive expectancies about alcohol use and to intend to drink or to drink.

• Alcohol can be found in numerous places including ball parks, bars, restaurants, parties, advertisements, holidays, etc.

• Alcohol is a depressant drug that slows down the Central Nervous System.

• ALL drinks ARE created equal!3 Main Forms12 oz.Beer: 10 proof ALL contain5 oz. Wine:30-50 proof ½ oz. Of 1.5 oz.Liquor:80-100 proof Alcohol

• Proof: Measures the Strength of AlcoholDouble the % of Alcohol

Or cut the number in half to get the %

Alcoholism: A disease characterized by an addiction of drinking alcohol in excessive amounts.

Binge Drinking: Drinking 4-5 drinks in a row or more within a short span of time.

Drinking excessively has been linked to:Drinking excessively has been linked to:• Sickness/illness• Violence and vandalism• Ruined Relationships• Rapes/sexual assaults• Loss of job and money• Depression • Suicide• Death due alcohol poisoning, liver diseases

(cirrhosis/cancer)• Drunk driving accidents/deaths

• Alcoholics Anonymous (A.A.): A 12 step help group used to help the alcoholic get their life back and off of alcohol.

• Al-Anon: A support group for friends and family members of alcoholics.

• Alateen: A support group for teens who have friends and family who are alcoholics.

• Other supportive services: Guidance counselors, social workers, psychologists.

Hotline phone #’s (800) 784-6776 (National Alcohol/Drug abuse hotline.)

• Alcohol will affect ALLMajor organs in the body.Mouth: Increases chance of oral cancers.Stomach: irritates lining, ulcers.Small intestine: most alcohol isabsorbed hereBloodstream: Carries alcohol throughoutbody.Liver: Toxic to liver, oxidation takes place;May lead to cirrhosis, hepatitis, and cancer.Brain & Heart: Decreases functions; leads to death.

Rate of Oxidation: ½ oz. Per hour or 1 Drink per hour.

• Over time, excessive alcohol use/abuse can lead to a condition called CIRRHOSIS.

• CIRRHOSIS of the liver leaves fatty deposits and scarring causing the liver to not function as well. May lead to death.

• There is no cure and the effects are irreversible.

Backyard Family BBQUNCLE LOUIE

• Large Male• Age: Late 50’s• Eats a lot of food• Drinking History:

Since he was 15• Knows what to

expect from alcohol.• Consumes large

amounts of beer over a long period of time.

• Result? Gets louder, “tipsy” obnoxious; falls asleep in chair.

AUNT SUZY• Petite Female• Age: Mid-late 20’s• Not a big appetite• Drinking History:

5 years• Not much experience

with alcohol• Has 3 glasses of

wine in 1 hour.• Result? Inappropriate

behaviors: stumbling, slurring words, vomiting for next couple of hours.

Factors that determine how quickly Alcohol Enters

Bloodstream• Body Weight

• Food in the stomach• How much you drink• How fast you drink

• Body Chemistry• Age

• Tolerance/experience• Expectations

• Any other drugs they have taken

This shows a 20-year old female nondrinkers response to the spatial working memory task. Brain activity is shown in bright colors.

This shows an alcohol-dependent 20-year old female's response to the spatial working memory task.  Brain activity is shown in bright colors

Alcohol and The BRAIN

• Relaxed feelings (Thinking and Behavior become impaired)

• Impaired judgment and decisions• Coordination and Balance• Slowed Reaction Time• Blurred Vision and Slurred Speech• Impairs memory/Blackouts• Vital Life Center/Controls Breathing & Heartrate• DEATH

Number of alcohol-induced deaths, excluding accidents and homicides: 20,687

Number of alcoholic liver disease deaths: 12,360

Stats• In 2006, an estimated 17,602 people died in alcohol-

related traffic crashes—• An average of one every 30 minutes. These deaths constitute 41 percent of the 42,642 total traffic fatalities. Of these, an estimated 13,470 involved a driver with an

illegal BAC (.08 or greater)• About three in every ten Americans will be involved in an

alcohol-related crash at some time in their lives• In 2006, 92.5 percent of twelfth graders reported that

alcohol is “very easy” or “fairly easy” to get. • If you are out on a Friday or Saturday night, approximately

ONE out of TEN drivers around you is intoxicated.• #1 Holiday for drunk driving? Independence Day (4th of

July)• #1 killer of Teens today: Drunk Driving!

What does it mean to “DRIVE What does it mean to “DRIVE DRUNK”?DRUNK”?

• BAC:BAC: Blood Alcohol Content; the amount of Blood Alcohol Content; the amount of alcohol in your blood at any given time.alcohol in your blood at any given time.

• DWIDWI: : Driving While IntoxicatedDriving While IntoxicatedNYS LawNYS Law: : Anyone with a BAC of .08 or higher. Anyone with a BAC of .08 or higher. DUI: Driving Under the Influence or DWAI: DUI: Driving Under the Influence or DWAI:

Driving while Ability impairedDriving while Ability impairedBAC of .05-.07 (Lesser charge)BAC of .05-.07 (Lesser charge)Zero Tolerance LawZero Tolerance Law: : Anyone under the age of Anyone under the age of

21 with a BAC of higher than .0121 with a BAC of higher than .01*Pay fine, possible jail time, lose license until 21.*Pay fine, possible jail time, lose license until 21.

The car in which Jacqueline traveled. She was hit by another car that was driven by a 17-year

old male student on his way home after a couple of hard packs of beer

with his friends. This was in December 1999.

After the accident

Jacqueline has needed

over 40 operations

Her body was covered with 60% severe burnings

Saying “NO” to Alcohol & Drugs

• Avoid the situation! (You know where alcohol and drugs are found!)

• Just say, “No, thanks”• Think! Be aware of your actions:

WWMT? WWDT? Think of your family.• Be the Sheep Herder; Not a sheep.

*Never lose control!*• Have a YOO-HOO party!• If you must, make an excuse.