SITUATION Symposium 2014 situating practices and research SITUATION Symposium Özge Cordan; Frederico Fialho Teixeira Istanbul Technical University Özge Cordan: She was born in 1971, received her B. Arch, M. Arch and Ph. D. in architecture from Black Sea Technical University. She won the first prize with A. Usta, Gülay K. Usta and Ayhan Karadayı in the architectural competition for the Environment Ministry in Turkey, in 2001. She had worked as a research assistant from 1992 to 2004 at Black Sea Technical University Department of Architecture. She has been teaching in the Department of Interior Architecture at Istanbul Technical University since 2007. She teaches both undergraduate and graduate programs. As well as her academic position she was a deputy head of the Department of Interior Architecture from 2007-2010. She has been conducting the ITU International Master of Interior Architectural Design Program-IMIAD since 2007 and also IMIAD Program as general since 2010. She was a visiting scholar in DAAP-University of Cincinnati-ABD in 2007-2008 (TINCEL Foundation Scholarship). She also thought with Teaching Staff Mobility related with IMIAD. She is the advisor of many Master Thesis in IMIAD Program. She has also an active research agenda as well as practicing. Frederico Fialho Teixeira: He is an architect and media artist lecturing at Istanbul Technical University. He is also an alumni researcher at University of California Santa Barbara, where he was an Awarded Fellow and PhD candidate at the Media Arts and Technology department, based in the California Nano Systems Institute. In addition he is also a member of the International Advisory Board for the Arkitekt Journal. Graduated in Architecture and Urbanism, he holds an MA in History of Architecture from the Faculty of Architecture University of Porto, and a March from the Design Research Lab at the Architectural Association School of Architecture. He worked for architects which include Zaha Hadid Architects and he is the co-founder of [f]Flat Architectures research group. Presently his studies fall into the area of Visual and Spatial Arts and focus in Biological Spatial Systems. In this field he explores structures with evolutionary spatial characteristics that embody multidimensional properties. Processes established through elemental modularity that carry multiple algorithmic strata. These spatial systems develop within ubiquitous ecologies instigating multiple appropriations both in physical and virtual realms. [email protected] ; [email protected] www.f-flat.com Adaptive “Re-Mardin”: Adaptive Re-Use, Beyond Cultural and Historical Conversation Fundamentals Nowadays architects and designers face specific controversial situations when dealing with historical places. Some relate the reality of the past versus the potentiality of the future, or else the cultural balance of history versus the pragmatism of the present culture. These dualities can be the origin of architectural pathologies featuring the incapacity to adapt to present programmability and its resultant spatial and aesthetic mischaracterization. These represent tangible limits of interior and architectural conversation. In reaction to the previous problems, the morphology of adaptive re>use and its inherent restructuration aligns itself as a potential solution. Adaptive re>use can be defined as ‘adapting the old buildings to the requirements of new user’s aspirations’ (Semes 2009, 183). In other words, adaptive re>use is seen as the process of adapting generalized components to fit various contexts of use. This implies that the components go beyond the aesthetic and tectonic aspects of architecture and infer instinct characteristics of the built environment. It is not just a conversion which is defined as the reuse of an existing building worthy of conversion and that building will have a character of its own, (Davies and Begg 2010). As Uffelen pointed out that this conversion use the old building as a vehicle with a vocabulary
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SITUATION Symposium 2014 situating practices and research
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SITUATION Symposium
Özge Cordan; Frederico Fialho Teixeira Istanbul Technical University Özge Cordan: She was born in 1971, received her B. Arch, M. Arch and Ph. D. in architecture from Black Sea Technical University. She won the first prize with A. Usta, Gülay K. Usta and Ayhan Karadayı in the architectural competition for the Environment Ministry in Turkey, in 2001. She had worked as a research assistant from 1992 to 2004 at Black Sea Technical University Department of Architecture. She has been teaching in the Department of Interior Architecture at Istanbul Technical University since 2007. She teaches both undergraduate and graduate programs. As well as her academic position she was a deputy head of the Department of Interior Architecture from 2007-2010. She has been conducting the ITU International Master of Interior Architectural Design Program-IMIAD since 2007 and also IMIAD Program as general since 2010. She was a visiting scholar in DAAP-University of Cincinnati-ABD in 2007-2008 (TINCEL Foundation Scholarship). She also thought with Teaching Staff Mobility related with IMIAD. She is the advisor of many Master Thesis in IMIAD Program. She has also an active research agenda as well as practicing. Frederico Fialho Teixeira: He is an architect and media artist lecturing at Istanbul Technical University. He is also an alumni researcher at University of California Santa Barbara, where he was an Awarded Fellow and PhD candidate at the Media Arts and Technology department, based in the California Nano Systems Institute. In addition he is also a member of the International Advisory Board for the Arkitekt Journal. Graduated in Architecture and Urbanism, he holds an MA in History of Architecture from the Faculty of Architecture University of Porto, and a March from the Design Research Lab at the Architectural Association School of Architecture. He worked for architects which include Zaha Hadid Architects and he is the co-founder of [f]Flat Architectures research group. Presently his studies fall into the area of Visual and Spatial Arts and focus in Biological Spatial Systems. In this field he explores structures with evolutionary spatial characteristics that embody multidimensional properties. Processes established through elemental modularity that carry multiple algorithmic strata. These spatial systems develop within ubiquitous ecologies instigating multiple appropriations both in physical and virtual realms. [email protected] ; [email protected] www.f-flat.com
Adaptive “Re-Mardin”: Adaptive Re-Use, Beyond Cultural and Historical Conversation !
Fundamentals Nowadays!architects!and!designers!face!specific!controversial!situations!when!dealing!with!historical!places.!Some!relate!the!reality!of!the!past!versus!the!potentiality!of!the!future,!or!else! the! cultural! balance! of! history! versus! the! pragmatism! of! the! present! culture.! These!dualities!can!be!the!origin!of!architectural!pathologies!featuring!the!incapacity!to!adapt!to!present!programmability!and!its!resultant!spatial!and!aesthetic!mischaracterization.!These!represent! tangible! limits! of! interior! and! architectural! conversation.! In! reaction! to! the!previous! problems,! the! morphology! of! adaptive! re>use! and! its! inherent! restructuration!aligns!itself!as!a!potential!solution.!!!Adaptive!re>use!can!be!defined!as!‘adapting!the!old!buildings!to!the!requirements!of!new!user’s!aspirations’!(Semes!2009,!183).!In!other!words,!adaptive!re>use!is!seen!as!the!process!of!adapting!generalized!components!to!fit!various!contexts!of!use.!This!implies!that!the!components!go!beyond!the!aesthetic!and!tectonic!aspects!of!architecture!and!infer!instinct!characteristics!of!the!built!environment.!!!It!is!not!just!a!conversion!which!is!defined!as!the!reuse!of!an!existing!building!worthy!of!conversion!and!that!building!will!have!a!character!of!its!own,!(Davies!and!Begg!2010).!As!Uffelen!pointed!out!that!this!conversion!use!the!old!building!as!a!vehicle!with!a!vocabulary!
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that!either!contrasts!or!conforms!to!the!existing!building!substance,!while!rescuing!architectural!artifacts!and!referring!to!the!history!of!the!building!in!the!process.!The!meaning!of!the!existing!building!as!part!of!the!urban!picture!is!very!often!the!inspiration!for!the!conversion!(Uffelen!2010,!8)! Adaptive!re>use!is!a!symbiotic!methodology!between!the!past!and!future!of!building!and!its!interiors!and/or!as!Latham!stated!that!‘a!methodology!imbued!with!both!sensitivity!and!inspiration,!creating!a!strong!relationship!between!inside!and!outside!of!the!building!considering!the!urban!context!(Latham!2000,!1).!In!this!sense,!the!role!of!the!designer!to!grasp!the!character!and!significance!(historical,!aesthetic,!communal!etc.)!of!the!building!by!interpretation.!!!Within!this!framework,!the!study!explores,!extends!and!challenges!the!interior!spaces!as!a!state!of!constant!and!dynamic!‘becoming’!rather!than!‘being’.!The!focus!on!the!temporality!of!the!interior!spaces!draws!attention!to!subsequent!aspects!since!spatial!entropy!is!followed!by!death!and!renewal!as!the!natural!cycle.!The!reconsideration!of!the!interior!and!its!occupant’s!ephemeral!factors!along!with!their!historical!and!cultural!values!of!constantly,!‘becoming’!a!‘new’!space.!And!subsequently!use!adaptive!re>use!as!distinct!practice!of!‘conservation’,!in!order!to!reinterpret!the!interiors!in!the!light!of!‘becoming’.!!!Study!time!frame!spreads!through!four!years!studio!projects!and!focuses!in!both!private!and!public!buildings!located!within!the!historic!city!centre!of!Mardin.!Adaptive!Re>Mardin!stands!as!a!research!outcome!of!interior!spatial!elements!that!focus!in!the!interpretation!of!Interior!Architecture!as!a!form!of!cultural!and!historical!constrained!designing!as!well!as!a!method!of!projecting!beyond!mundane!and!nostalgic!approaches.!This!does!not!mean!to!destroy!them!nor!refurbish!spaces!but!instead!to!aesthetically!and!functionally!improve!them!to!the!level!of!seeing!them!as!architectural!extensions!of!a!long!and!valuable!past.! About Mardin The!old!and!historical!city!of!Mardin,!located!in!the!south>eastern!part!of!Turkey!on!Syria!border,!is!settled!on!the!south!face!of!Mazi!(Masius)!Mountain,!looking!towards!to!upper!part!of!the!Mesopotamian!Plain!(Karaman!2001,!136).!(see!Figure!1)!!
!Figure.1:!Aerial!Photo!of!the!Old!City.!!Throughout!its!history!the!Mardin!region!was!conquered!and!ruled!by!many!nations!such!as!Hurrians,!Hittites,!Assyrians,!Armenians,!Persians,!Romans,!Byzantium,!Sassanids,!Arabs,!Mongols,!and!Turks!and!so!on.!Settlement!in!Mardin!province!has!started!since!the!Neolithic!era.!The!old!city!centre,!dated!back!to!the!4th!century,!has!cultural,!geographical!and!historical!connections!with!Northern!Mesopotamia!and!Anatolia.!In!this!sense,!a!multi>cultural!city!has!many!faces!such!as!historical,!traditional,!structural,!ethnic,!spiritual,!and!
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emotional!and!so!on.!This!heterogeneous!structure!has!been!occurred!multicultural!compromise!and!style!of!living!reflects!on!architecture.!As!Alioğlu!(1992)!stated!that:!‘The!city!is!well>known!with!its!architecture,!housing!and!masonry’!as!well!as!its!prominent!ornamentation.!(see!Figure!2!and!3)!!
!Figure!2!and!3:!Architecture!in!Mardin!!The!old!city!has!gradually!developed!over!the!centuries!and!has!changed!very!little!physically!since!the!12th!and!13th!centuries.!Throughout!the!Arabic!and!Turkish!dynasties,!Mardin!decorated!many!Islamic!monuments!such!as!madrasahs,!mosques,!baths,!bazaars,!and!inns.!During!the!19th!and!early!20th!centuries,!churches!and!new!building!types!such!as!schools,!government!offices,!military!buildings!and!missionary!schools!and!hospitals!were!added!to!the!city’s!structure.!In!the!1950s,!the!city!expanded!haphazardly!in!different!directions.!However,!in!1980s,!a!new!planned!settlement!was!developed!on!the!northern!plateau!of!the!old!city.!!!The!city!characterised!by!density!of!buildings,!organic!urban!layout!and!lack!of!public!spaces!as!well!as!green!spaces.!(see!Figure!4!and!5)!!Mardin!can!be!considered!as!an!inward!city,!except!for!its!southern!exposure!to!the!plain.!This!kind!of!inwardness!often!creates!a!labyrinthine!effect!that!can!be!seen!overall!urban!fabric.!The!non>liner!streets!are!only!public!spaces!around!the!buildings.!In!some!cases,!mostly!in!residential!areas,!streets!terminated!by!cul>de>sacs!and/or!linked!by!an!arched!bridge,!‘Abarra’.!(see!Figure!6)!!
!Figure!4!and!5:!Mardin!from!above!and!below!the!Mazi!Mountain.!! !
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!Figure!6:!Examples!of!streets!and!Abarra.!!!The!massive!and!tall!courtyard!walls!separate!the!buildings!from!the!streets.!The!building!typically!have!flat!roofs!with!vaulted!ceilings!made!up!of!soft!lime!stone.!Whereas!courtyard!type!characterizes!the!building!schema!both!for!monumental!and!residential!buildings!in!Mardin,!terraced!configuration!of!the!buildings!represents!the!common!building!typology,!which!provides!both!views!of!the!Mesopotamia!plain!as!well!as!giving!access!to!the!buildings!in!different!levels!and!directions.!Buildings!consist!of!closed,!semi>closed!and!open!spaces!hierarchies.!The!introverted!plan!schema!has!been!the!basis!of!the!space!organization,!which!is!sequential!from!outer!to!inner!spaces.!This!sequentially!is!also!dominated!by!thresholds!such!as!gates,!steps!and!courtyard/terraces.!(see!Figure!7)!!!
!Figure!7:!Thresholds!in!the!building!configuration.!!Shortly,!the!old!city!can!be!considered!as!an!extension!of!the!Earth’s!surface!as!a!pure!layer!for!three>dimensional!urban!development!and!growth.!It!is!also!dynamic!placed!over!entire!cultures!and!ephemeral!regions,!formulating!an!accurate!definition!of!Debord’s!and!Jorn’s!‘floating!city’!(Debord!and!Jorn,!1959).!Mardin!is!simultaneously!comparable!to!Yona!Friedman’s!notion!of!spatial!urbanism,!as!part!of!its!spatial!language!is!based!upon!a!system!of!mobile!partitions!within!a!permanent!structure!so!that!spaces!could!be!constantly!mounted!and!dismounted!(Friedman,!2006).!!Studio Works as Situation(s) In!the!light!of!all!the!theoretical!and!design!works!this!array!of!projects!intends!to!correlate!Adaptive!re>use!to!a!‘situationalist’!sort!of!design!approach.!Across!the!exposition!of!acts!of!focusing!through!wandering!the!design!methodology!centers!its!approaches!on!individual!interpretations!of!space,!which!nonetheless!are!combined!into!properties!of!contrast!or!conformation!in!a!spatio>temporal!level.!!Within!the!context!of!Mardin,!the!case!studies!explore!challenges!the!context!of!interior!spaces!as!a!state!of!constant!and!dynamic!situations.!Within!this!perspective!the!design!works!propose!a!set!of!construction!situations,!which!set!methods!of!denying!the!extensive!
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alienation!of!actual!spaces.!Supported!by!the!practices!of!the!‘situationists’!that!intended!to!alter!the!basis!of!the!architectural!framework!into!‘constructed!situations’,!the!case!studies!embody!a!strong!socio>cultural!component!in!order!to!stimulate!local!interiors.!This!studio!works!can!be!interpreted!as!‘Situations’,!which!follow!the!traits!of!Guy!Debord!where!his!intention!was!to!invite!unexpected!as!opposed!to!just!observing!it!!(Sadler,!1998).!!Due!to!its!socio>cultural!traces!Mardin!propels!the!culture!of!the!‘Flaneur’!also!understood!as!a!specialized!situationist!through!the!act!of!focus!on!wandering,!which!allows!to!rediscover!and!reconstruct!an!alternative!understanding!of!interior!space.!(see!Figure!8)!!Through!the!empirical!experience!of!the!sites,!this!act!of!deconstructing!the!enhanced!state!of!observation!also!endorses!a!different!way!of!looking!at!spaces!with!similar!characteristics.!Therefore!the!studio!works!as!‘Situations’!operate!as!a!practice!of!being!in!the!city,!of!a!bodily!encounter!and!experiential!way!of!engaging!with!the!city’s!capacity!for!the!unexpected.!Walking!is!the!primary!mode!through!which!this!is!enabled.!(Church,!2011,!p!40>41).!Techniques!based!on!derivation!and!rerouting!were!propelled!and!used!to!identify!and!construct!‘situations’!from!existing!forms,!that!aim!to!produce!momentary!ambiances!that!were!provisional!and!lived.!(Attiwill,!2011,!p.17)!!
!Figure!8:!An!alternative!understanding!of!interior!space!(Desirée!Spoden).!!Built!upon!historical,!cultural!and!functional!concrete!constraints!Adaptive!Re>Mardin!is!concerned!with!the!theory!and!practice!based!examination!of!historical!interiors,!particularly!where!new!ideologies!emerge!that!are!shaped!by!corporate,!political!and!ecological!initiatives.!The!situationalist!approach!renders!how!the!projects!analyze!the!modern!world!from!the!point!of!view!of!everyday!life,!by!translating!core!arguments!of!the!situationists!in!proposals!that!confront!the!detachment!and!degradation!of!the!local!daily!life.!Through!the!adaptive!reuse!of!social!spaces!models!opposing!to!theatrical!spaces!which!are!presented!as!originals!by!the!mass!media.!The!designs!respond!with!alternative!life!experiences.!In!this!sense,!the!developing!interior!architecture/architecture!projects!provide!the!ability!to!integrate!research!into!design.!In!the!process,!the!opposing!pairs!of!‘being!and!becoming’,!‘nature!and!culture’,!‘visible!and!invisible’,!‘inside!and!outside’,!‘public!and!private’,!‘light!and!shadow’,!‘continuity!and!change’,!‘materiality!and!immateriality’!and!so!on!are!explored.!The!problem!definition,!site!selection!and!finding!appropriate!function,!based!on!the!historic,!cultural,!topographic,!climatic!and!contextual!aspects!of!the!historical!city!of!Mardin,!are!clearly!defined.!In!addition,!the!design!decisions!such!as!driven!concept,!scope!and!content!of!the!design!problem!are!defined!to!develop!adaptive!re>use!proposal!for!the!selected!building!while!keeping!the!instinct!character!of!place!through!interpretation.!(see!Figure!9)!!
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!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!1International!Master!of!Interior!Architectural!Design4IMIAD!has!run!since!200542006!academic!year,!based!on!the!IMIAD!Memorandum!of!Agreement!that!has!been!signed!between!Istanbul!Technical!University!Department!of!Interior!Architecture4ITU!(Istanbul/Turkey),!Edinburgh!College!of!Art4ECA!(Edinburhg/Scotland,!Lahti!Polytechnic4LAMK!(Lahti/Finland),!Scuola!Universitaria!Professionale!della!Svizzera!Italiana4SUPSİ!(Lugano/Switzerland)!and!Stuttgart!University!of!Applied!Sciences4HFT!(Stuttgart/Germany).!The!Centre!for!Environmental!Planning!and!Technology!University4CEPT!(Ahmedabad/India)!has!joined!the!collaboration!from!201142012!academic!years!onwards.!
!Figure!9:!Situation!analysis!of!opposing!pairs!in!light/shadow!and!visible!/invisible!(Edith!Weiss).!!The!methodology!of!the!design!process!was!based!on!‘situation!analysis’!including!an!initial!research!to!get!data!from!literature!review,!survey!analysis,!environmental!walkthrough,!interview!etc.,!as!well!as!the!seminars!given!by!the!experts,!field!studies!to!explore,!understand,!experience!and!internalize!the!spirit!of!the!place>!the!‘Genius!Loci’!and!the!spirit!of!the!time>‘Zeitgeist’!of!the!city!of!Mardin,!and!experimental!studio!practices!to!dive!into!the!historic,!existing!and!traditional!urban!processes,!significances!of!mixed>use!buildings.!The!design!studies!were!initiated!by!the!use!of!diagrams!and!conceptual!study!models,!which!continued!to!develop!throughout!the!semester!in!order!to!record!observations,!behavior!patterns,!analysis!and!identify!the!development!sequence!of!the!projects.!(see!Figure!10).!!
!Figure!10:!Experience!and!internalize!the!spirit!of!the!place.!!In!this!context,!the!following!section!of!this!study!is!about!works!of!students!related!with!developing!adaptive!re>use!proposals!for!specific!buildings!that!were!selected.!These!works!shown!the!results!of!the!work!developed!for!the!International!Master!of!Interior!Architectural!Design!Program>IMIAD1!at!Istanbul!Technical!University!in!Turkey!working!in!the!historical!city!of!Mardin,!in!the!context!of!Interior!Architecture!Design!Studios.!Departing!form!this!structure!the!projects!unfold!through!a!properties!of!contrast!or!
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conformation!in!order!to!accentuate!the!spatial,!historical,!evidential,!aesthetic!and!spiritual!context!of!the!old!city!of!Mardin.!!!Bilirel!House!(Jennifer!Poincloux,!2009,!spring!term)!The!project!reflects!the!instinctive!spatial!properties!and!keeps!the!original!function!as!a!home,!and!adds!new!purposes!through!the!use!of!a!working!area!on!top.!The!voids,!form!and!patterns!of!the!viewpoints!suggest!the!relationships!strength!between!the!denominated!unities!of!ambiance,!which!hold!particular!qualities!within!the!turbulence!of!the!space.!The!old!house!stands!on!the!main!shopping!road!of!Mardin!and!therefore!the!top!floor!is!used!as!a!working!space.!The!multiple!levels!that!unfold!below!are!re>adapted!by!a!contemporary!use!of!the!old!residence.!!A!glass!roof!arises!out!of!the!working!spaces!and!follows!all!the!way!down!over!the!terrace,!comprehending!a!dining!and!a!living!area.!(see!Figure!11).!!
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Figure!11:!!An!adaptive!re>use!project!for!Bilirel!House!!Governor’s!House!(Pegah!Sarraf!Zadeh,!2010,!spring!term)!This!project!uses!architectural!perspectives!as!viewpoints!that!imply!a!vast!number!of!arrangements!and!meaning.!Despite!keeping!the!original!function!of!the!building!the!project!adds!extra!functional!requirements!to!the!existing!space.!Rather!than!passing!through!the!original!stance!of!multiple!rooms!as!some!sort!of!uncompromising!experience,!the!layout!organization!of!the!functional!requirements!getting!inspiration!from!the!“old!city!map”!and!get!some!reference!points!from!it!such!as!“cross!points”,!“vertical!and!horizontal!street!and!urban!layouts”,!“outlines”!and!transfer!them!to!the!division!panels!for!both!separation!and!providing!some!clues!to!visitors!about!Mardin.!Also!inspired!from!different!kind!of!building!ornamentation!such!as!“vegetal”,!“calligraphic”,!“figurative”!and!“geometric”.!(see!Figure!12)!!
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Figure!12:!An!adaptive!re>use!project!for!Governor’s!House!!Tea!House!in!the!Revakli!Bazaar!(Desirée!Spoden,!2011,!spring!term)!A!revitalization!project!of!the!Old!Bazaar!by!Desiree!Spooden,!uses!a!constructed!situation!conceived!as!a!twenty>four!hour!cycle!for!the!integrated!use!of!inhabitants!and!visitors.!The!aim!was!to!stimulate!a!new!sort!of!behavior,!an!improved!future!social!life!based!upon!human!encounter!and!space.!It!is!possible!to!convey!this!feature!of!the!constructed!situation!with!an!experimental!approach,!both!being!founded!upon!the!concept!of!active!rather!than!passive!participation.!This!project!appropriates!the!re>uses!an!old!Tea!House!attached!to!the!Revakli!Bazaar!as!a!culinary!school!that!simultaneously!creates!an!intersection!with!the!through!the!use!of!the!bazar’s!terrace.!In!this!project!a!new!Tea!House!is!developed!in!an!empty!lot!that!provides!a!public!space!in!order!to!revitalize!and!re>function!the!extension!of!the!Old!Bazar.!The!new!intervention!doesn’t!imitate!the!old!architecture!but!instead!it!reinterprets!the!multi>layered!urban!structure.!(see!Figure!13).!!
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!Figure!13:!An!adaptive!re>use!project!for!the!extension!of!Revakli!Bazaar!!!ReKAdaptive!Use!of!Old!Coppersmith!Market!Place!(Lisa!Hagemann,!2012,!spring!term)!The!identity!of!the!existing!Coppersmith!Market!Place!revives!the!unused!spaces,!and!provides!a!new!identity!as!a!suitable!concept!for!shops!and!further!usage.!The!design!objective!is!to!instigate!the!exploration!of!the!existing!spatial!structures!and!their!uses.!While,!simultaneously!the!project!investigates!the!relationship!between!space,!narrative!
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and!cognition!through!the!deployment!of!a!geometric!canopy.!The!proposal!intends!to!give!a!new!impact!through!a!contemporary!layer,!as!well!as!becoming!a!landmark!for!contemporary!daily!products!relevant!within!the!local!cultural!and!provides!additional!functions!for!further!public!use.!(see!Figure!14)!!
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!!Figure!14:!!An!adaptive!re>use!project!for!old!coppersmith!market!place.!!Mardin!Museum!Extension!!(Bianca!Mohr,!2012,!spring!term)!A!distinct!diagrammatic!example!is!Bianca!Mohr’s!project!proposing!an!extension!for!Mardin’s!Museum.!The!project!departs!and!experiences!what!could!a!psychogeographic!map!(Debord!and!Jorn,!1959).!The!design!expresses!an!incompatibility!of!cartesian!logic!with!an!actual!spatial!experience,!characterized!by!the!relationship!between!interior!space!and!human!emotions.!A!situationist!understanding!of!the!space!was!reconstructed!in!the!design,!restoring!together!an!experience!of!space!that!was!actually!empirical,!fragmented!and!subjective!within!a!temporal!and!cultural!framework.!In!this!sense,!using!the!original!National!Guard!headquarters!and!by!keeping!the!existing!building!structure.!To!do!so!the!project!inserts!a!second!spatial!layer!and!converts!the!space!in!to!a!museum!extension!for!the!city.!Conceptually!it!creates!a!space!that!is!more!like!Mardin,!through!way!finding!and!spatial!perception!as!reference!to!structural!uniqueness!and!storytelling!as!reference!to!cultural!heritage.!(see!Figure!15).!!
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Figure!15:!An!adaptive!re>use!project!for!Mardin!Museum!Extension.!!!Overall!the!projects!represent!a!critique!of!the!spectacle!in!the!development!and!
SITUATION Symposium 2014 situating practices and research
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application!of!historical!spaces,!where!concept!of!fetishism!of!commodities,!reification!and!alienation!of!the!present!(Marx,!1852).!In!the!society!of!the!spectacle,!the!commodities!rule!the!architecture!and!the!users,!instead!of!being!ruled!by!them,!thus!the!individual!becomes!a!passive!subject!that!contemplates!the!reified!architectural!spectacle.!!Conclusion The!objective!of!the!research!is!to!design!spaces!that!transcend!styles,!seek!a!meaning!relevant!to!the!world!outside!the!individual!designer!and!express!the!context!and!the!cultural!realities!held!by!those!who!inhabit!them.!The!principle!focused!in!the!investigation!the!viability!of!adaptive!reuse!of!existing!public!and!private!spaces!and!their!impact!on!the!cultural!and!historical!sustainability!of!Mardin.!The!practical!outcomes!from!this!research!imply!that!designers!incorporate!theoretical!frameworks!that!can!be!incorporated!in!the!decision>making!process!for!adaptive!reuse!projects,!which!contribute!to!the!project’s!originality!and!theoretical!values.!! References Alioğlu,!F.!‘Houses!of!Mardin’,!Anatolian!Vernacular!Houses,!Ed:!M.!Sözen!and!C.!Eruzun,!A!Cultural!Publication!of!Emlak!Bank,!Ana!Basım!Publish,!276>284,!İstanbul,!1992.!Attiwill,! S.,! 2011,! “Urban! And! Interior:! Techniques! For! An! Urban! Interiorist,”! in!Urban!Interior:!Informal!Explorations,!Interventions!and!Occupations,!ed.!Rochus!Urban!Hinkel!et!al,!(Germany:!Spurbuchverlag),!11>24.!Church,!K.,!2011,!“Making!Visible:!Registering!the!Asynchronous!City,”!in!Urban!Interior:!Informal!Explorations,!Interventions!and!Occupations,!ed.!Rochus!Urban!Hinkel!et!al,!(Germany:!Spurbuchverlag),!27>42.!Davies,!B.,!Begg!N.!Converting!Old!Buildings!into!New!Homes,!The!Crowood!Press,!2010.!Debord!G.!and!Jorn,!A.,!Mémoires,!Editions!Situation!International,!1959.!Friedman,!Y.,!Yona!Friedman!/!Pro!Domo,!ACTAR,!65>70,!2006.!Karaman,! A.! ‘Urban!Morphplogy:! A! Conceptual! Framework! and! Study! in! the! Cities! of!Mardin,! Urfa! and! Diyarbakir’,! Traditional! Environments! in! a! new! Millenium:! Defining!Principles!and!Professionals!Practice,!Second!International!Symposium!of!IAPSLCSBE!Network,!Edited! by! Hulya! Turgut! and! Peter! Kellett,! ! Nokta! Ofset! Publish,! 136>144,! June! 20>23,!Amasya>Turkey,!2001.!Marx,!K.,!A!Critique!of!Political!Economy,!Volume!I,!Penguin!Classics,!163>178,!1992.!Latham,!D.,!Creative!ReLuse!of!Buildings,!Volume!I,!Routledge,!2000.!Uffelen,!C.V.!ReLuse!Architecture,!Braun!Publish,!2010.!Sadler,!S,!The!Situationist!City,!London:!MIT!Press,!122>124!1998.!Semes,!S.,!The!Future!of!the!Past,!2009.!!!!
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