PowerPoint Presentation
MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and description of the
present state of the ocean and atmosphere around Svalbard Adam
Durant (NILU); WP LeaderJrgen Mienert (UiT); WP co-LeaderAdam
Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardAdam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around Svalbard
Methodology:
Atmospheric methane mixing ratiosIsotopic measurements for
source attributionInversion modelling to calculate regional
ocean-atmosphere fluxesRadiative transfer modelling and global
climate modelling
2WP1 Science ObjectivesQuantify present-day CH4 emissions from
the ocean to the atmosphere;Identify seasonal perturbations on
atmospheric CH4 quantity related to sea-ice break-up;Characterise
ocean-based processes that may lead to hypothesised large releases
of CH4 gas. Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around SvalbardWP1 Description of WorkNILU (lead), UiT
(co-lead), GEOMAR, USGS, DLR, CEA, UCAM1.1Seabed-ocean methane
fluxes (UiT)In situ seabed measurements (MASOX landers and
accompanying buoys with measurement instrumentation) targeting CH4
bubble release area offshore from Prins Karls Forland
1.2Determination of MH and oceanic emissions to the atmosphere
(UiT) Ocean-atmosphere interface CH4 fluxes and isotope abundances
(USGS, GEOMAR)Ocean column profile sampling for dissolved and
gaseous CH4 and isotope abundances (GEOMAR)
1.3Vertical profile and extended time-series measurements of
atmospheric CH4 (NILU)In situ CH4 mixing ratios and isotope
abundances at Zeppelin ObservatoryAircraft-based vertical profiles
of CH4 concentration and isotope abundances over the ocean around
Svalbard and Siberia (collaboration with DLR, LSCE and UCAM
projects)
1.4: Coordination of campaigns and measurements, dataflow and
management (NILU)
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardUiT Underwater Methane Observatory (CAGE)1.1 Seabed-ocean
methane fluxes (UiT)1.1 Seabed-ocean methane fluxes (UiT)MASOX
(Monitoring Arctic Seafloor Ocean Exchange) devices installed on
seabed offshore from Prins Karls ForlandIncludes a seismometer, two
Recorded Current Meters (RCM9) to measure ocean currents,
conductivity, temperature and depth (CTD) sensors, and a flow meter
to measure the rate of gas venting and apparent pulsating behaviour
of bubble plumesFour buoys will measure the CH4 concentration of
released CH4 plumes at the seabed-ocean interface, within the water
column and at the ocean-atmosphere interface. Using these devices,
CH4 gas will be sampled to determine isotopic proportions of 13-CH4
and possibly D-CH4 for source attribution Annual cruises during the
project will be carried out using the RV Helmer Hanssen (UiT).
Seismic surveys will be performed to identify the base of the GHSZ
in sediments based on characteristic seismic returnsBubble size
distributions will be measured using a remotely operated vehicle
(ROV)bubble dissolution potential transport capacity of CH4 via
free transport up through the ocean column. Bubble plumes in the
ocean column will be mapped using sonarWater samples will be
collected through the ocean analysed to determine the amount of
dissolved CH4 and isotopic abundancesdetermine the extent of
microbial CH4 oxidation based on identification of 13C
fractionation in the residual CH4Total rate of gas release will be
determined from the distribution of vents, and the type and source
of gas in WP2, in cooperation with GEOMAR, USGS and RHUL Adam
Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard1.2 MH / ocean-atmosphere emissions (UiT)Ship-based
atmospheric measurements over seabed installations to identify
emissions from the ocean surfaceCollaboration with GEOMAR and USGS
Sea surface equilibrator sampling system coupled to Picarro CRDS to
measure sea surface CH4 and CO2 concentrations Together with
atmospheric measurements this will allow direct calculation of the
flux of CH4 and CO2 across the ocean-atmosphere interface. Samples
will be collected to determine isotope abundances for source
attribution (USGS and GEOMAR)Ship campaign scheduling? People
involved?Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around Svalbard
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard
CH4 source discrimination based on measurement of 13-CH4 and
D-CH4
(Melton et al., 2011)1.3 Vertical profile and extended
time-series measurements of atmospheric CH4 (NILU)1.3 Vertical
profile and extended time-series measurements of atmospheric CH4
(NILU)Atmospheric CH4 measurements will be made at Svalbard, Kara
and Laptev Sea from ship- and aircraft-platformsContinuous in situ
measurements at the Zeppelin ObservatoryContinuous long-term
measurements of CH4, CO2 and CO, and more than 20 other trace
gasesCampaign measurements from ship- and
aircraft-platformsObservations at Zeppelin, and from ship- and
aircraft-campaigns from previous years will also be utilisedThis
includes isotopic samples from and measurements from GAME
projectAdam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding
and description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere
around SvalbardMOCA isotopic samples collected at Zeppelin will be
analysed by RHUL for isotopic information to gain information about
regional CH4 sources, see Figure 2. Through the partner RUHL the
project will also have access to CH4 measurements at Kjlnes
Lighthouse (70oN, 29oE), and probably also CH4 from Tiksi at the
mouth of the Lena River, Russia. 9Aircraft Campaigns and Flight
Planning 2014YAK-AEROSIB (JuneDLR FALCON (21-23 May 2014; 2015)NERC
MAAM collaboration
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardDLR FALCON, Campaign 2014/2015Possible measurement campaign
from Spitzbergen 21-23 May 2014; longer campaign in 2015Aircraft:
Dassault Falcon 20EInstrument payload: CO2, CH4, H2O, CH4
(Picarro), soot, aerosol, MET, flask samples for isotopic
analyses,Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around Svalbard
Russian Institute of Atmospheric Optics TU-134YAK-AEROSIB
(Airborne Extensive Regional Observations in SIBeria) Campaign 2014
in collaboration with J.-D. Paris, CNRS-IPSLSiberian coastline,
including Kara Sea and Laptev SeaAircraft: Tupolev-134 Instrument
payload: CO2-CH4-H2O (Picarro), O3-CO (MOZAIC package), NOx(?),
aerosol (micro-lidar), equiv. BC (aethalometer), PSD (Grimm
1.109,..), meteo,Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around Svalbard
2014 Measurement Campaign TimingWP1 Objective 2: Identify
seasonal perturbations on atmospheric CH4 quantity related to
sea-ice break-up"
Ice break-up season is of particular interest for
ocean-atmosphere measurementsShip, aircraft and isotopic sampling
campaigns aimed to coincideWhen will this occur?Analysis of sea ice
observations and climatological products
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard
Data analysed and graphics by Ignacio Pisso (NILU)Hadley Centre
Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature data set (HadISST)NASA NSIDC
Multisensor Analyzed Sea Ice Extent product
April 2012July 2012May 2012September 2012Adam Durant (NILU),
MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and description of the
present state of the ocean and atmosphere around SvalbardIASI data
mean Sept-Nov 2009-2012 (I. Leifer)
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardReal-time Flight Planning/ManagementFLEXPART will be used
as a campaign planning tool to predict arrival of CH4 plumes via
long-range transport to allow measurements in specific CH4-rich air
masses (e.g., from Siberian wetlands) Forecasts will also be made
by releasing a tracer from regions of suspected ocean-atmosphere
transfer of CH4 for advance planning of upwind/downwind flight
patterns Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around SvalbardMAAM UK-NERC funded project
Methane and other Greenhouse Gases in the Arctic: Measurements,
Process Studies and Modelling (MAMM)Quantify the anthropogenic and
natural sources of greenhouse gases particularly methane in the
Arctic, using data from satellites as well as observations made on
the ground and from ships and aircraftCollaboration establishedAdam
Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardOther UK NERC ARP ProjectsAerosol cloud coupling and
climate interactions in the Arctic (ACCACIA)Aircraft/ship
measurements; Svalbard regionArctic Predictability and Prediction
on Seasonal to Inter-annual Timescales (APPOSITE)Arctic modelling
capability assessment; Arctic regionCarbon Cycling Linkages to
Permafrost Systems (CYCLOPS)Terrestrial biosphere assessment;
Canadian ArcticHydrological Controls on Carbon Cycling and
Greenhouse Gas Budgets (HYDRA)Terrestrial permafrost measurements;
Canadian ArcticLakes and the Arctic Carbon Cycle (LAC)Arctic lake
sedimentological study; Alaska, Greenland, RussiaLandslide-Tsunami
(stability of marine sediment slopes)Ship measurements; Norwegian
and Greenland SeasSubmarine Estimates of Arctic Turbulence Spectra
(SEATS)Submarine measurements; Arctic regionAdam Durant (NILU),
MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and description of the
present state of the ocean and atmosphere around Svalbard1.4
Coordination of campaigns and measurements, dataflow and management
(NILU)Data provision protocolHow to send information about
instruments and status during each flight (real-time?)Preliminary
data delivered after each flight (T = ?)Finalised data uploaded to
database (T = ?)
Data management ACTIONSExplore and set up a list of platforms,
instruments, time periods and contact for PIsData policy document
(sharing restrictions, ownership, procedures,)Specify where data
will be stored (EBAS)Data reporting deadlinesData
descriptions/extended metadata uploaded on EBAS website (?)Adam
Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardWP1 Work ScheduleAdam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved
process understanding and description of the present state of the
ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardMilestonesResp34567891011121314151617181920212223241.1WS
with MAAM on coordination of
campaignsNILU01234567891011121314151617181920211.2Organisation of
2014 campaignsNILU-5-4-3-2-10123456789101112131415161.3Deployment
of MASOX landers and
buoysUiT-3-2-101234567891011121314151617181.4Completion of
potential 1. ship campaign 2014UiT/External
partner-7-6-5-4-3-2-1012345678910111213141.5Completion aircraft
campaign, Svalbard, SiberNILU/External
partner-7-6-5-4-3-2-1012345678910111213141.6Field campaign report,
2014NILU-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-101234567891011121.7Organisation of 2015
ship
campaignNILU-15-14-13-12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-101234561.8Completion
of 2015 ship campaignUiT/External
partner-19-18-17-16-15-14-13-12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10121.9Final
field campaign
reportNILU-21-20-19-18-17-16-15-14-13-12-11-10-9-8-7-6-5-4-3-2-10WP1Understanding
and description of present state of system around Svalbard
NILUMonth1.1Understanding seabed-ocean methane release
UiT331.2Determination of MH and oceanic emissions to the atmosphere
UiT171.3Vertical profile and extended time-series measurements of
atmospheric CH4NILU171.4Coordination of campaigns and measurements,
dataflow and management NILU231.3Vertical profile and extended
time-series measurements of atmospheric CH4 (NILU)Aircraft
measurementsFAAM collaborationDLR flightsFlight planning/operations
and Flight Management Where? When? Who? Communication between
project members, field team and aircraft?Tracers?
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
SvalbardYAK-AEROSIB 2014 Proposed Flight RoutingAdam Durant (NILU),
MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and description of the
present state of the ocean and atmosphere around Svalbard
NovosibirskSalekhardDixonSvalbardYAK-AEROSIB 2014 Proposed
Flight ProfilesAdam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process
understanding and description of the present state of the ocean and
atmosphere around Svalbard
1.1Seabed-ocean methane fluxes (UiT)MASOX deploymentWhere? When?
Who?MASOX instrument payloadData management (Task 1.4
discussion?)
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard1.2Determination of MH and oceanic emissions to the
atmosphere (UiT) Ship measurementsWhere? When? Who?Data management
(Task 1.4 discussion?)
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard1.4: Coordination of campaigns and measurements, dataflow
and management (NILU)Explore and set up a list of platforms,
instruments, time periods and contact for PIsData policy document
(sharing restrictions, ownership, procedures,)Specify where data
will be stored (EBAS)Data reporting deadlinesData
descriptions/extended metadata uploaded on EBAS website (?)
Adam Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard1.4 Coordination of campaigns and measurements, dataflow
and management (NILU)Data provision protocolHow to send information
about instruments and status during each flight
(real-time?)Preliminary data delivered after each flight (T =
?)Finalised data uploaded to database (T = ?)
Data management ACTIONSExplore and set up a list of platforms,
instruments, time periods and contact for PIsData policy document
(sharing restrictions, ownership, procedures,)Specify where data
will be stored (EBAS)Data reporting deadlinesData
descriptions/extended metadata uploaded on EBAS website (?)Adam
Durant (NILU), MOCA WP1: Improved process understanding and
description of the present state of the ocean and atmosphere around
Svalbard