ADA Driveways and Ramps Sheila Lyons, PE David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE Rodger Gutierrez, EIT Roadway Conference 2010.

ADA Driveways and RampsADA Driveways and Ramps

Sheila Lyons, PESheila Lyons, PEDavid Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WREDavid Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE

Rodger Gutierrez, EITRodger Gutierrez, EIT

Roadway ConferenceRoadway Conference20102010

ADA: It’s the Law!ADA: It’s the Law!

Americans with Disabilities Act Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990of 1990

United States Public LawsUnited States Public Laws101101stst Congress – 2 Congress – 2ndnd Session Session

Public Law 101-336 (S. 933); 101 Public Law 101-336 (S. 933); 101 Enacted S. 933Enacted S. 933

101 P.L. 336; 104 Stat. 327; 1990 101 P.L. 336; 104 Stat. 327; 1990 Enacted S 933; 101 Enacted S 933Enacted S 933; 101 Enacted S 933

Where do you find the Where do you find the Standards?Standards?

US ACCESS BOARDUS ACCESS BOARDhttp://www.access-board.gov/http://www.access-board.gov/

Two sets of RegulationsTwo sets of Regulations

ADAAGADAAG – – Americans with Disabilities Americans with Disabilities Accessibility GuidelinesAccessibility Guidelines

http://www.access-board.gov/adaag/html/adaag.htmhttp://www.access-board.gov/adaag/html/adaag.htm

PROWAG – Public Rights of Way Accessibility PROWAG – Public Rights of Way Accessibility GuidelinesGuidelines

http://www.access-board.gov/prowac/index.htmhttp://www.access-board.gov/prowac/index.htm

FHWA FHWA has recognized PROWAG as “…has recognized PROWAG as “…

currently recommended best currently recommended best practices and can be considered the practices and can be considered the

state of the practice…”state of the practice…”

Memo – Jan 23, 2006Memo – Jan 23, 2006

2009 MUTCD

Has also adopted many PROWAG guidelines:

Section 4E-08: Positioning of pedestrian pushbuttons and legends on pushbutton signs shall clearly indicate which crosswalk signal is activated by which pushbutton by:

Be mindful of ADA reach rangesSalem OR

ADA is SimpleADA is Simple

Sidewalks requireSidewalks require

4’ x 4’ x 7’ clear passage4’ x 4’ x 7’ clear passage

☺☺

Six Principles of Ramp Six Principles of Ramp ConstructionConstruction

1.There should be NO LIPNO LIP

at the end of the ramp

2 Max. Algebraic difference between the ramp

slope and the street or gutter slope ≤ 11≤ 11.

3 Traversable Path slopes in

ONE DIRECTIONONE DIRECTION at a time.

4 Provide 4’ square level landinglevel landing

at top of ramp.

5 Provide Truncated DomesTruncated Domes at

base of ramp (2’ x ramp width).

6 6 DON’T BLOCKDON’T BLOCK the Pedestrian Access the Pedestrian Access Route!Route!

Maximum Extent Feasible – definedMaximum Extent Feasible – defined Advisory R202.3 Alterations. From the U.S. Department Advisory R202.3 Alterations. From the U.S. Department

of Justice title III regulation at 28 CFR 36.402 of Justice title III regulation at 28 CFR 36.402 Alterations: "The phrase ‘to the maximum extent Alterations: "The phrase ‘to the maximum extent feasible,’ … applies to the occasional case where the feasible,’ … applies to the occasional case where the nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible nature of an existing facility makes it virtually impossible to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards to comply fully with applicable accessibility standards through a planned alteration. In these circumstances,through a planned alteration. In these circumstances, the the alteration shall provide the maximum physical alteration shall provide the maximum physical accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility accessibility feasible. Any altered features of the facility that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If that can be made accessible shall be made accessible. If providing accessibility in conformance with this section providing accessibility in conformance with this section to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use to individuals with certain disabilities (e.g., those who use wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be wheelchairs) would not be feasible, the facility shall be made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities made accessible to persons with other types of disabilities (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired (e.g., those who use crutches, those who have impaired vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments)."vision or hearing, or those who have other impairments)."

Urban DrivewayUrban Driveway DesignDesign

David Joe Polly, PE, PLS, WRE

Senior Standards Engineer

Chapter 9 HDMChapter 9 HDM

TYPE A – Non-curbed, ditch section highway with TYPE A – Non-curbed, ditch section highway with radius style approach.radius style approach.

TYPE B – Curbed highway section TYPE B – Curbed highway section with “dust pan” style approach.with “dust pan” style approach.

Type C – Curbed highway section with radius style Type C – Curbed highway section with radius style approach.approach.

How can we make the level landing work?How can we make the level landing work?

The length of the MASH test vehicleThe length of the MASH test vehicle18’ – 8” to 20’ – 10”18’ – 8” to 20’ – 10”

Half-ton, 2 wheel-drive, pickup truck with four full-sized doorsHalf-ton, 2 wheel-drive, pickup truck with four full-sized doors

1966 Technical Bulletin No.191966 Technical Bulletin No.19

2003 Highway Design Manual2003 Highway Design Manual

But the grades just will not fit, Dave.But the grades just will not fit, Dave.Now what do we do?Now what do we do?

18’ approach – car18’ approach – car12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulder12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulderk=5’, p=3.5’, sidewalk=6’k=5’, p=3.5’, sidewalk=6’

36’ approach – Single Unit Truck (SU)36’ approach – Single Unit Truck (SU)12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulder12’ travel lane – 6’ shoulder

k=5’, p=7’, sidewalk=6’k=5’, p=7’, sidewalk=6’

Sidewalk Ramp QuestionsSidewalk Ramp Questions

What information is needed in the plans to What information is needed in the plans to construct?construct?

What information is needed in Inroads to What information is needed in Inroads to construct?construct?

When deviating from the standard drawing – When deviating from the standard drawing – what dimensions & information is needed on a what dimensions & information is needed on a detail to construct? detail to construct?

How to determine which ramp style to use, How to determine which ramp style to use, when to use two or morewhen to use two or more

Information needed to construct?Information needed to construct?

8.8. Construct Ramp, Option K per Std Dwg RD Construct Ramp, Option K per Std Dwg RD 757757

9.9. Construct Parallel Sidewalk Ramp per Std Construct Parallel Sidewalk Ramp per Std Dwg RD 755Dwg RD 755

Information needed to construct?Information needed to construct?

Determine the appropriate ramp design and Determine the appropriate ramp design and confirm that it is constructibleconfirm that it is constructible

Communicate the design to the contractor Communicate the design to the contractor & inspector& inspector

Information needed to construct?Information needed to construct?

Will a parallel ramp fit?Will a parallel ramp fit?

2% / 5%4%

25’ Curb Radius

POP QUIZ

Information needed in Inroads?Information needed in Inroads?

CAD file has the infoCAD file has the info Horizontal & Vertical DataHorizontal & Vertical Data

Slope of cross-streetSlope of cross-street Distance along curb Distance along curb

alignmentalignment

Information needed in Inroads?Information needed in Inroads?

CAD file has the infoCAD file has the info Horizontal & Vertical DataHorizontal & Vertical Data

Slope of cross-streetSlope of cross-street Distance along curb Distance along curb

alignmentalignment Spot ElevationsSpot Elevations

Which ramp style to use?Which ramp style to use?

ConstraintsConstraints Curb radiusCurb radius Sidewalk width & setbackSidewalk width & setback Property Line / ROW constraintsProperty Line / ROW constraints Crosswalk alignment & traffic signalsCrosswalk alignment & traffic signals

PreferencesPreferences Two rampsTwo ramps 90-degrees90-degrees

Which Standard Dwg to use?Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 755 = physical design of rampRD 755 = physical design of ramp

Which Standard Dwg to use?Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 756 = placement options RD 756 = placement options

for ramps < ~15’ radius or wide setbackfor ramps < ~15’ radius or wide setback

Which Standard Dwg to use?Which Standard Dwg to use? RD 757 = placement options RD 757 = placement options

for ramps >~15’ radius or narrow setbackfor ramps >~15’ radius or narrow setback

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

1.1. Maximum gradeMaximum grade XX– 8.33% for 15’ / 10% for 5’ / 12.5% for 2’8.33% for 15’ / 10% for 5’ / 12.5% for 2’

2.2. Change in grade < 13%Change in grade < 13% ? ?3.3. The ramp slope in one directionThe ramp slope in one direction ? ?4.4. Lip must < ¼”, 0” preferredLip must < ¼”, 0” preferred √√5.5. 4' x 4' level landing4' x 4' level landing √√6.6. 4-foot level walking path 4-foot level walking path √√7.7. Truncated domesTruncated domes √√

RD 756 Option K – RD 756 Option K – Diagonal Parallel RampDiagonal Parallel Ramp

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

1.1. Maximum gradeMaximum grade √√

2.2. Change in gradeChange in grade √√

3.3. Slope in one directionSlope in one direction ??

4.4. Lip must < ¼”Lip must < ¼” √√

5.5. 4' x 4' level landing4' x 4' level landing √√

6.6. 4-foot level walking path 4-foot level walking path √√

7.7. Truncated domeTruncated dome √√

8.23%

201.00200.70

200.00

199.65

200.51 200.39

200.51

4.11%

200.63

RD 756 Option A - Perpendicular RD 756 Option A - Perpendicular Ramp w/ Landscaped Buffer StripRamp w/ Landscaped Buffer Strip

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

5.17%

201.00200.70

200.00

199.65

200.25 200.13

200.25

6.78%

200.37

RD 756 Option B or C - Perpendicular RD 756 Option B or C - Perpendicular Ramp for wide / narrow sidewalkRamp for wide / narrow sidewalk

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 756 Option D – Diagonal Ramp RD 756 Option D – Diagonal Ramp for wide sidewalksfor wide sidewalks

201.38

200.48

200.23

200.97200.89

200.97

201.05 200.298.25%

4.7%

6.9%2%

2%

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 756 Option E – Diagonal-RD 756 Option E – Diagonal-Parallel RampParallel Ramp

2%

2%

7.9%

2.5%

8.25%

200.65

200.37

200.25

200.37

200.37

200.17

201.03

201.64

199.96

200.49

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 757 Option G - Perpendicular RD 757 Option G - Perpendicular Ramps for narrow sidewalksRamps for narrow sidewalks

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 757 Option H – Parallel Ramps RD 757 Option H – Parallel Ramps for narrow sidewalksfor narrow sidewalks

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 757 Option I – Combination RD 757 Option I – Combination Ramps for Wide SidewalksRamps for Wide Sidewalks

ADA Criteria for RampsADA Criteria for Ramps

RD 757 Option J – Diagonal Ramp RD 757 Option J – Diagonal Ramp with Landscaped Buffer Stripwith Landscaped Buffer Strip

Information needed on plansInformation needed on plansif referencing Standard Dwgif referencing Standard Dwg

Plans need to communicate the design to the Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspectorcontractor & inspector

Standard Drawing # and letterStandard Drawing # and letter If necessary, add unique detailIf necessary, add unique detail

Information needed on plansInformation needed on plansif NOT referencing Std Dwgif NOT referencing Std Dwg

Plans need to communicate the design to the Plans need to communicate the design to the contractor & inspectorcontractor & inspector

Unique detailUnique detail Reference notes on standard drawingReference notes on standard drawing Spot elevations / dimensionsSpot elevations / dimensions

Which spot elevations are needed?Which spot elevations are needed?

Gutter at throat of rampGutter at throat of ramp Top Face of Curb at top of wingTop Face of Curb at top of wing Top of rampTop of ramp Extents of Level LandingExtents of Level Landing Back of WalkBack of Walk

Case Study: When Unique Ramp NeededCase Study: When Unique Ramp Needed

Case Study: When Unique Ramp NeededCase Study: When Unique Ramp Needed

InRoads– When is a detail needed?InRoads– When is a detail needed?

Any Any

Questions?Questions?