ActionAid VN (2013), Bc Tom Tat Thanh Pho an Toan Cho Phu Nu, Tre Em

T chc ActionAid Quc t ti Vit NamVn phng Quc giaPhng A201, Ta nh HEAC14 - 16 Hm Long, H Ni, Vit NamT: +84 4 39439866Fax: +84 4 39439872Email: [email protected]: www.actionaid.org/vi/vietnamCHO PHU NU V TRE EM GI: CHO PHU NU V TRE EM GI: TM TT CHNH SCHSafe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9 Ni gic m thnh s thtGii thiu5BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTGii thiuChnh ph Vit Nam ph chun cc cng c quc t nghim cm bo lc iviphnnhngniringtcngnhcngcngnhCngcv Xo b mi Hnh thc Phn bit i x vi Ph n (CEDAW), Cng c quc t v cc quyn kinh t, x hi v vn ha (ICESCR) v Cng c quc t v cc quyn dn s, chnh tr (ICCPR). iu ny th hin s ng tnh v cam kt ca Chnh ph Vit Nam trong vic tun th cc quy nh quc t nhm m bo s i x cng bng i vi ph n, t thc y cc quyn ca ph n trong x hi. Theo s liu thng k t mt bo co nm 2010 ca UNIFEM (nay l UN Women), Chnh ph Vit Nam thnh cng trong thc y quyn ph n trong pht trin kinh t, nng t l n gii tham gia vo lc lng lao ng ln 46,6%.Tuy nhin, ngoi nhng thnh tu t c, ph n Vit Nam vn rt d b tn thng trc nhng thch thc hng ngy do bo lc, s phn bit i x v tnh trng thiu cc c hi kinh t gy ra. Trong c bit lo ngi vic ph n phi chu mc bo lc v quy ri tnh dc cao ni cng cng v ni lm vic. Bo co ny s a ra nhng bng chng c th cho lun im trn. V d nh, 87% ph n v tr em gi tng b quy ri tnh dc ni cng cng; c ti 89% nam gii v nhng ngi chng kin thy cc hnh vi ny. ng lu l phn ln ngi b hi khi phi i mt vi tnh hung b quy ri tnh dc hon ton b ng v nhng ngi chng kin hon ton th - 66% ph n v tr em gi c phng vn khng c bt k hnh ng phn ng no v 65% nam gii v ngi chng kin khng h c cc hnh ng can thip. iu ny khng ch ng ngha vi vic nhng k th phm vn ang t do ngoi vng cng l m nghim trng hn, bo lc i vi ph n v tr em gi tr thnh mt vn bnh thng v c chp nhn bi i b phn x hi.Quy ri v bo lc tnh dc gy ra nhng tc ng v cng ln cho ton x hi ni chung v cho bn thn ph n v tr em gi ni ring - lm gim hiu qu cng vic, gy mt t tin v nh hng xu ti th cht v tinh thn ca nhng ngi b hi. Do , m bo mi trng sng an ton cho ph n v tr em gi khi cc nguy c b quy ri v bo lc tnh dc l mt vic lm ht sc cp thit. Da trn kt qu cuc kho st c ActionAid Vit Nam v Trung tm nghin cu Gii, Gia nh v Mi trng trong Pht trin (CGFED) cng thc hin, bn Tm tt Chnh sch ny s cp n 8 ni dung chnh lin quan ti tnh an ton, an ninh v phm gi ca ph n v tr em gi nhng ni cng cng thuc cc vng th, bao gm:Nhng ri ro tim tng i vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng ti cc vng thNhng hnh thc quy ri tnh dc vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cngNhng a im din ra hnh vi quy ri tnh dcThi gian v tn sut xy ra cc v quy ri tnh dcNhn dng ca ngi gy ra hnh vi quy riPhn ng ca nn nhn vi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc6Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9Phn ng ca nhng ngi xung quanh vi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dcNhngbinphpphnvtremgisdngtvivihnhvi quy ri tnh dc ni cng cngc m v mt thnh ph an tonliu c thnh s tht?ActionAid nh ngha thnh ph an ton l ni ph n v tr em gi bt k h c sinh ra thnh ph, nhp c lm vic, hc tp hay n vi mc ch du lch, tham quan - u c th t do di chuyn khng lo b hnh hung; t do la chn cch n mc khng lo b quy ri; n trng khng b tru a k th, xa lnh; lm vic trong mi trng an ton vi nhn thc y v quyn ca bn thn; tip cn v s dng cc dch v cng nh gio dc, y t, nh v cp nc m khng b sch nhiu. , h c tham gia vo cc hot ng gii tr, c tip cn cc dch v an ninh v php lut cng bng, minh bch, c a ra kin trong qu trnh lp k hoch ca thnh ph,bytquanimvnhngvnquantrngvcnimtin vo cc c quan Chnh ph. Ph n v tr em gi cm thy an ton trong chnh ngi nh ca h cng nh trng v ni lm vic. H c th t do di chuyn ti bt k a im no trong thnh ph m khnggpnguyhim,dbanngyhaybanm.Hcix cng bng nh nam gii v ting ni ca h c tn trng. H t ho v thnh ph ca mnh.Phng php thc hinKho st Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Ni gic m thnh sthtcActionAidVitNamvTrungtmnghincuGii,Gianh vMitrngtrongPhttrin(CGFED)phihpthchinnm2014.Kho stthuthpkincahn2.000cdnticcabnHNivThnh phHChMinh(TPHCM)vthivtringhimcnhntrongvn quy ri tnh dc ni cng cng.Qu trnh thit k kho st tun th nghim ngt cc hng dn trong b cng c Kim ton An ton c s tham gia ca ActionAidQuct1cngnhtndngtiakinhnghimthctinticc quc gia ni ActionAid p dng b cng c ny. Da trn kt qu kho st, 1B cng c Kim ton An ton c s tham gia hng dn c th quy trnh Kim ton An ton theo 4 giai on: (1) lp k hoch v thit k,(2) trin khai, (3) phn tch v lp bo co, (4) gim st v nh gi. ng thi, cc cng c c th s dng trong Kim ton An ton cng c chn lc v gii thiu trong B cng c ny.7BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTbo co tng kt s ch ra nhu cu thit thc v cp bch trong vic ci thin cc chnh sch hin hnh nhm m bo an ton cho ph n v tr em gi cc khu vc cng cng ni thnh th. Qua , bo co cng s a ra cc kin ngh chnh sch ph hp bo v cc quyn c bn cho ph n v tr em gi, c bit l nhm i tng di c ti cc vng th ca Vit Nam.Gii thch thut ngBo lc trong bn tm tt chnh sch ny bao hm cc hnh thc quy ri v hnh hung i vi ph n, hu ht l cc lao ng n v tr em gi nhp c ti cc khu vc cng cng.Quy ri tnh dc bao gm cc c ch, hnh vi khin i phng cm thy kh chu v mt tm l v tnh dc nh vic nam gii nhn chm chm, c l cc b phn sinh dc, hut so tru gho, bnh phm v hnh thc bn ngoi hay ve vn, tn tnh bng cc tin nhn gi dc.Xm hi tnh dc bao gm cc tc ng th xc gy nh hng xu n th cht v tinh thn ca i phng nh sm s, hip dm v cng bc quan h tnh dc.Ni cng cng c hiu l nhng khng gian bn ngoi ngi nh, ni mi ngi gp g, hc tp, th gin v tham gia vo cc hot ng x hi, v d nh ng ph, bn xe but, bn xe khch, phng tin giao thng cng cng, cng s, nh my, ch/siu th, trng hc, bnh vin, khu trin lm, nh hng, cng vin, sn vn ng v rp chiu phim, v.v..2 An ton ca ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng c ngha l ph n v tr em gi cm thy thoi mi, vui v v t tin thay v phi lo lng, s hi v cnh gic cao mi khi ti nhng ni cng cng.3i tng kho stTng s ngi tham gia tr li phng vn l 2.046 ngi, chia thnh 2 nhm: (1) ph n v tr em gi v (2) nam gii v ngi chng kin. 100% ngi tham gia nm trong tui t 16 tr ln. Nhm nhng ngi chng kin bao gm c n gii v nam gii, l nhng ngi thng xuyn c mt ti cc a im kho st v c nhiu kh nng chng kin cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc i vi ph n v tr em gi. Phn loi i tng phng vn c trnh by trong Bng 1 di y:2y l nhng nh ngha do ph n v tr em gi a ra trong cuc kho st nhanh v Bo lc gii i vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng do ActionAid Vit Nam thc hin trong thng 5/2013 ti H Ni v TP HCM.3Ngun tng t8Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9Bng 1:S ngi tr li phng vn theo khu vcQunPh n vtr em giNam gii vngi chng kinTNGTP HCM Bnh Tn 150 51 201G Vp 187 52 239Qun 1 149 50 199Qun4 137 55 192Th c 131 50 181H Ni Cu Giy 147 58 205Hai B Trng 155 60 215Long Bin 154 54 208Ty H 149 51 200Thanh Xun 147 59 206TNG 1506 540 2046NhNG pht hiN chNh11BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTNhng pht hin chnh1. Nhng ri ro tim tng i vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng ti cc vng th Theo kt qu kho st, 45% s mu c hai nhm u ng tnh rng, so vi cc ri ro khc nh tai nn giao thng, cp git v mc ti, quy ri tnh dc l vn cnguycxyracaonhtivi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng ti cc vng th. Xm hi tnh dc v hip dm, theo , cng l mi lo ln i vi 17% ph n v tr em gi v 14% nam gii v ngi chng kin.2. Nhng hnh thc quy ri tnh dc vi ph nv tr em gi ni cng cngasngichi c hai nhm u tng chngkinhayphi i mt vi mt s hnh thcquyritnhdc nicngcng.Kho st cho thy 87% ph n vtremgitngb quy ri tnh dc v c ti 89%namgiivngi chngkintngchng kinnhngvvicny. Cchnhviquyritnh dc thng thy bao gm hutso,trugho,bnh phmvhnhthcb ngoi,nhnchmchm vomtbphnnhy cm trn c th v s m mt cch c vo ngi i phng. Thm vo , 50% ph n v tr em gi khng nh rng h tng b ngi n ng lic mt a tnh.45% s mu c hai nhm u ng tnh rng, quy ri tnh dc l vn c nguy c xy ra cao nht i vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng ti cc vng th.87% ph n v tr em gi tng b quy ri tnh dc v c ti89% nam gii v ngi chng kin tng chng kin nhng v vic ny. Cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc thng thy bao gm hut so, tru gho, bnh phm v hnh thc b ngoi, nhn chm chm vo mt b phn nhy cm trn c th v s m mt cch c vo ngi i phng. 12Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9Hnh 1: Cc hnh thc quy ri tnh dc i vi ph nv tr em gi ni cng cng ti cc vng th (%)B lic mt a .nh B nhn chm chm vo c th B ngi khc ph by b phn sinh dc B hut so tru gho B bnh phm v hnh thc bn ngoi hoc c th B tn tnh, quy ri lin tc bng Sn nhn, email B p xem tranh nh khiu dm B s m, ng chmmt cch c B chp/pht tn nh c nhn m khng c ng B gi /p QHTD c nng im B gi /p QHTD c thng chc hoc gi vic B cng hip B p phi nghe chuyn lin quan n .nh dc B trc Sp ngh QHTD Cc hnh thc khc Khng gp hnh thc no 50 40 28,4 65 33,5 35 2,7 25 2,67 0,8 0,7 1 16 6,6 2 13 53 60 19 69 57 47 7 42,4 16,8 2,5 3 4,4 22 10 3,6 11 Ph n v tr em giNam gii v ngi chng kin Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -2014Minhmnghnghipvminhmtuikhcnhauthnggpphinhng hnh vi quy ri tnh dc khc nhau. Nghin cu ch ra rng, 73% hc sinh, sinh vin trong tui 16-23 thng gp phi hnh vi hut so tru gho. Trong khi , cng chc nh nc thng b bnh lun v hnh thc bn ngoi hoc v cthhvnhnvinvnphngchyubquyribngnhngtinnhn, email, hnh nh v i khi bng li ni c mc ch ve vn, tn tnh.3. Nhng a im din ra hnh vi quy ri tnh dc ng ph c coi l ni c nguy c xy ra cc v quy ri tnh dc cao nht theo nh gi ca 57% ph n/tr em gi v 47% nam gii/ngi chng kin. a im c nguy c cao th hailcngvinvilnlt11%v19%i tng ca hai nhm ng tnh. 20% tr em gi trong tui 16-18 tng b quy ri tnh dc ti trng hc v 11% b quy ri trn cc phng tin giao thng cng cng. Ni lm vic cng l mt a im thng xuyn din ra hnh vi quy ritnhdctheonhnxtca18%phn/tr em gi v 15% nam gii/ngi chng kin.Nhng ni cng cng b cho l khng an ton cho ph n v tr em gi c hai thnh ph H Ni v H Ch Minh thng l nhng ni vng ngi qua li, nhng cng khng loi tr cc khu vc ng dn c. Mt s khu vc khng an ton hai thnh ph c lit k trong Bng 2 di y: ng ph c coi lni c nguy c xy racc v quy ri tnh dc cao nht theo nh gi ca 57% ph n/tr em gi v 47% nam gii/ngi chng kin. 13BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTBng 2: Khu vc khng an ton ti TP HCM v H NiTP H Ch Minh H NiBn xeBn xe Min ng im n xe but (ng Kinh Dng Vng)Cng vinCng vin Ph LmCng vin Gia nhng phng T Xng(Qun 1)ng Tn La v khu ln cn ng Tn La, Qun Bnh TnCc khu vc khcKhu Ch LnKhu chut qunBnh Tn, Bnh Chnh,Th cQuc l 1A giao vi khu cng nghip Tn ToNh ga, nh v sinh cng cngCu Ph MTh vin trung tm i hc Quc gia TP HCMKhun vin trng i hc t 18h-22hBn xeBn xe Yn Ngha H ngBn xe Long BinBn xe M nh, Nc Ngm, Gip BtCc bn xe but, cng vin, nh v sinh cng cng tuyn ng Gip Bt Nhn Cng vinCng vin H ngCng vin ti Bc Thng Longng phHm ng b Khut Duy Tinng Phm Vn ng Phm Hngng Linh mng u C, Lc Long Qun Xun nhng L Vn Lng ko ding Triu Khc Thanh Xuni l Thng Long, cu Thng LongCc khu vc khcKhu chut Thnh Cng, Yn XCh Nghi Tm, ch Long Bin, khuch tm Ng T SCh Nh Xanh Dch Vng, Ng T S, Phng KhoanNh ch Long BinNh v sinh cng cng C rt nhiu yu t gy nn s khng an ton cho ph n v tr em gi, v d nh khng c hoc thiu n chiu sng, bng hiu thng tin, nh v sinh sch s, nh v sinh dnh cho ph n, s hin din ca cng an/dn phng v cha c hnh pht thch ng cho nhng k quy ri. Tuy nhin, ti nhng a im c y cc yu t nu trn, ph n v tr em gi vn c nhiu nguy c b 14Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9quy ri do h qu ca vic quan nim phn bit gii tnh, bt bnh ng gii v trng nam khinh n vn cn tn ti nng n trong thc ca phn ng x hi. Nhng quan nim km kp cch n mc ca ph n v tr em gi, h thp gi tr ca ngi ph n v quy kt, li cho ph n khi h khng may b quy ri, lm dng hoc cng bc. Lao ng n nhp c l nhm d b tn thng hn ht bi s nh c xa gia nh khin h c cm gic xa l v bt an vi ni h sinh sng.4. thi gian v tn sut xy ra cc v quy ri tnh dcSliukhostchothyphnvtremgi ckhnnggpphihnhviquyrivobt k thi im no trong ngy. 46% ph n v tr em gi v 43% nam gii v ngi chng kin cho rng thi gian xy ra cc hnh vi quy ri thng l vo ban ngy. Khung gi t 18:00 n 22:00 cng lkhongthigiandxyrahnhviquyrivi 36,2% kin ca ph n v tr em gi v 36,3% kin ca nam gii v ngi chng kin.Hnh 2: Thi gian xy ra cc hnh vi quy ri ni cng cng7,1 9,9 36,3 42,9 3,8 6,1 5,2 36,2 46 6,5 01020304050 Tt c cc thi im Bui m Bui ti Ban ngy Sng sm Ph n v tr em giNam gii v ngi chng kin Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -2014Hn na nhm ph n v tr em gi (51%) chia s rng h tng b quy ri vo ban ngy hn 3 ln trong i. iu ng lu l 16% ph n v tr em gi cho rng h thng xuyn gp phi nhng hnh vi quy ri.Ph n v tr em gi c kh nng gp phi hnh vi quy ri vo bt k thi im no trong ngy.15BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTHnh 3: Mc thng xuyn gp phi/chng kinhnh vi quy ri ni cng cng trong i ngi19,3 51,1 14,0 15,6 16,9 54,2 13,1 15,7 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Ch mt ln2 n 5 lnHn 5 lnThng xuyn Ph n v tr em giNam gii v ngi chng kin Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -2014S liu cng ch ra rng ph n v tr em gi tt c cc nhm ngh nghip u tng b quy ri t 2 n 5 ln trong i. Thc t ny cho thy nn quy ri tnh dc vt qua cc ro cn kinh t v tui tc. Nhm hc sinh v sinh vin n b quy ri nhiu nht (60%), sau l nhm cng chc nh nc, gip vic gia nh, nhn vin vn phng, nhn vin kinh doanh v nhm tht nghip vi cc t l ln lt l 59%, 57%, 54% and 53%.Hnh 4: Mc thng xuyn gp phi hnh vi quy ri(theo ngh nghip)60,5 53,7 59,5 47,9 52,8 49 44,7 57,7 36,8 50,5 010203040506070 Hc sinh, sinh vin Nhn vin vn phng Cng chc nh nc Cng nhn Nhn vin kinh doanh Ngi bn hng rong Ngi bun bn nh Gip vic gia nh Ngi tht nghipNhm khc Ch mt ln2 n 5 lnHn 5 lnThng xuyn Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -201416Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B95. Nhn dng ca ngi gy ra hnh vi quy riHuhtnhngngigyrahnhviquyriulnamgiitrong nhmtui15-25theokintrlica41%phnv52%namgii/ngi chng kin. Nhm 36-55 tui l nhm c xu hng thc hin hnh vi quy ri cao th hai theo ghi nhn ca 24% ph n v 7% nam gii/ngi chng kin. Hnh vi quy ri tnh dc c th c thc hin bi c nhn hoc theo nhm. Gn 2/3 ph n v tr em gi tr li phng vn cho rng ngigyrahnhviquyrilmtcnhn(65%)vc48%namgii/ngi chng kin ng tnh vi nhn nh ny. Mt khc, hn 1/4 ph n (26%) v 40% nam gii/ngi chng kin cho rng hnh vi ny thng do mt nhm ngi gy ra.Theokinca91%phntrongnhmtui18-23,thphmthchin hnh vi quy ri phn ln l ngi l. Tuy nhin, theo 86% nam gii v ngi chng kin, cp trn li l nhng ngi gy ra hnh vi quy ri nhiu nht.6. phn ng vi nhng hnh vi quy ri tnh dcTrntrungbnh,cti67%phnv tremgikhngcbtkhnhng phn ng no khi h gp phi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc, tuy nhin, t l ny dao ng nh gia cc nhm khc nhau. Theo thng k, ch c 17% trong nhm thtnghipv29%trongnhmgip vic gia nh phn ng li ngay tc thi, trong khi , 30% cng chc nh nc chn cch k vi ng nghip hoc nh h gip khi gp phi vn ny.Hnh 5: Phn ng vi hnh vi quy ri tnh dc (Ph n v tr em gi)0.0% 10.0% 20.0% 30.0% 40.0% 50.0% 60.0% 70.0% 66,5% 2,3% 18,1% 0,9% 15,1% 0,5% 0,5% 1,9% 6,6% Khng lm g Trnh bo s vic qua s in thoi nng K hoc nh ngi khc gip Trnh bo s vic vi cng on hoc lnh o cao hn Cnh bo ng nghip khc Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -2014Trung bnh, c ti 67% ph nv tr em gi khng cbt k hnh ng phn ng no khi h gp phi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc. 17BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTHnh 6: Phn ng tc th vi hnh vi quy ri tnh dc(Nam gii v ngi chng kin)65% 10,8% 7,1% 2,8% 0,8% 13,6% Khng lm g Chng li k tn cng Nh ngi i qua gip B i Trnh bo s vic qua s in thoi nng Cch khc Ngun: Kho st ng ph Thnh ph an ton cho ph n v tr em gi: Tnh kh thi? -2014asngitrongnhmnamgii/ngichngkin(65%)chncchkhng lmgkhihbtgphnhviquyri.Chc0,8%giintrnhbocho ng dy nng.C nhiu l do khin a s nn nhn ln ngi chng kin khng phn ng li vi cc hnh vi quy ri v xm hi tnh dc, bao gm:Hnh vi quy ri nh hut so tru gho v lic mt a tnh c coi l bnh thng theo quan nim ca c nam gii v n gii. Phn ln ngi c phng vn u cho rng ch n thun l nhng c ch a bn th hin s nam tnh.Cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc ni cng cng thng xy ra nhanh, kh c bngchngchngminh.Bncnh,nnnhn/ngichngkincng thng cho rng s vic cha mc nghim trng t co nn do vy, c rt t cch ngn chn.Sthiutintngivicclclngchcnngcnglmtnguyn nhn dn n s b ng ca nn nhn v nhng ngi xung quanh. Kho st cho thy 34% ph n c chung suy ngh rng vic khai bo vi cng an v cc hnh vi quy ri cng khng mang li thay i g. Bn cnh , th tc khai bo vn cn rm r, mt mi v phc tp.Trong nhiu trng hp, ph n cm thy xu h v thm ch b x hi k th nu h khai bo cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc, bi suy ngh li cho ph n v c hnh vi sai tri g nn mi b n ng quy ri tnh dcvn cn tn ti trong x hi. iu ny l gii v sao phn ng ph n v tr em gi c tm l d b qua trong khi mt s khc li s tm n cng an nh gip . Ch c 1,9% ph n khi c hi tr li rng h s trnh bo vi cng an, nhng ngi khc cho rng vic khai bo v hnh vi quy ri l hon ton khng ng v khng cn thit.18Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B97. Nhngbinphptvivihnhviquyri tnh dc ni cng cngphnvtremgittmnhiucchbovmnhkhicc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc. Ccbinphpphbinbaogm:hnchrangoikhitriti,trnhquali nhng chn vng v, trnh mc o h c, h vai v t trang b cho mnh cc vt dng t v phng trng hp b tn cng bt ng. Kt luN21BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTKt lunH Ni c UNESCO cng nhn l Thnh ph v Ha bnh, v Thnh ph H Ch Minh l Hn ngc Vin ng, u l min t ha thu ht hng triu ngi ti sinh sng, v h mong mun c mt mi trng sng an ton cho bn thn v cho con em. Lao ng n nhp c ri b qu hng ti nhng thnh ph ny vi hy vng tm kim vic lm v ci thin cht lng cuc sng. y cng l nhng im n c rt nhiu du khch mong mun khm ph v thng thc trong k ngh ca h. Thnh ph cng l ni to iu kin thun li cho hc sinh, sinh vin n c t do tm hiu,hchi,traudikinthcvk nngcnthitphthuyhttim nng ca bn thn. Khng nhng th, cc c quan ca Chnh ph cng s rt hi lng khi c iu hnh thnh ph ca h trong ha bnh v vn minh.Tuynhin,bctranhtngthvhai thnh ph c v ln t kt qu kho stlichothynhngiuingc livimongmunvkvngca ngidn,cbitlphnvtr emgi.Nhngningngiqua linhngph,phngtingiao thng cng cng, hay thm ch cc khu vc cng s litim n nhiu nguy c e da n s an ton ca h vngy ngy phi ng trc ri ro b xm hi c v th cht ln tinh thn.Ph n v tr em gi ngho cn phi i din vinhiurirohn.Victhiuhockhng m bo cht lng ca cc dch v cng c bnnhgiodc,vnchuyn,anninh,h thng chiu sng hay nh v sinh cng cng lm tng thm s yu th ca h. Tnh trng ny cng trm trng hn bi nhng kh khn trongtip cn cc dch v cng c nhy cm giicngvicthiuccchngtrnhthit thcnhmmcchkhcphctnhtrng bo lc vi ph n ni cng cng.Quan trng hn, thi v hnh vi ca nam gii cng nh vn ha coi thng php lut cnphicthayithngquavicNh nc m bo thc thi lut hiu qu, c cc cchgimstvcthmccchnhsch thnhphlningidnmongmun c sinh sng v hng th cuc sng, v gicmcahngtriungivmtthnh ph an ton c th tr thnh s tht.Bc tranh tng th v hai thnh ph c v ln t kt qu kho st li cho thy nhng iu i ngc li vi mong mun v k vng ca ngi dn, c bit l ph n v tr em gi. Nhng ni ng ngi qua li nh ng ph, phng tin giao thng cng cng, hay thm ch cc khu vc cng s li tim n nhiu nguy c e da n s an ton ca h v ngy ngy phi ng trc ri ro b xm hi c v th cht ln tinh thn.Quan trng hn, thi v hnh vi ca nam gii cng nh vn ha coi thng php lut cn phi c thay i thng qua vic Nh nc m bo thc thi lut hiu qu, c cc c ch gim st v c thm cc chnh sch thnh ph l ni ngi dn mong mun c sinh sng v hng th cuc sng, v gic m ca hng triu ngi v mt thnh ph an ton c th tr thnh s tht.22Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9Kin ngh chnh schc sng trong s an ton v an ninh tuyt i mi lc, mi ni l quyn hin nh v hp php ca ph n v tr em gi. m bo nhng quyn c bn ny c thc thi y , mt s kin ngh c rt ra t cuc kho st cc c quan, t chc v c nhn lin quan c th cng hnh ng mt cch c hiu qu:V h thng chiu sng ni cng cngLp t v duy tr h thng chiu sng cng cng, m rng phm vi chiu sngtittcccngph,ngngch,cngvin,khudnc,trm ch cc phng tin giao thng cng cng cng nh cc c s cng nh trng hc v bnh vin.V phng tin giao thng cng cngTng cng v ci thin cht lng h thng phng tin giao thng cng cng, u tin nhiu tuyn ng ti vng ngoi v cc khu dn c ngho.Tng s lng xe but phc v trong cc khung gi cao im v cho ph n lm vic ca m, gip h di chuyn mt cch an ton ti nhng ni i li kh khn.Tham vn kin ca cc khu dn c ngho thit lp cc tuyn ng v trm ch xe but mi.T chc vn ng v tng cng cc hot ng truyn thng nhm chm dt tnh trng bo lc gii v quy ri tnh dc trn cc phng tin giao thng cng cng.T chc tp hun cho li xe v nhn vin sot v gip h nng cao nng lc x l cc tnh hung quy ri tnh dc v hnh hung trn cc phng tin giao thng cng cng.Lp t thm cc nh v sinh c trang b ca v cht an ton, ring bit cho nam gii v n gii cc trm ch xe but.Lp t h thng camera gim st (CCTV) trn cc phng tin giao thng cng cng v cc im nng khc thu thp y bng chng cho s can thip ca php lut v c bin php ngn chn cc hnh ng quy ri mt cch kp thicng an v cng c lut phpTp hun v huy ng lc lng an ninh (cng an, cnh st, dn phng,..) tm hiu v kp thi phn ng vi cc v quy ri, hnh hung nhm vo ph n v tr em gi, ng thi c hnh ng chng li k quy ri thay v li, de da hay nho bng nhng ngi ph n hoc tr em gi l nn nhn.Tng cng hot ng tun tra cc khu vc vng ngi qua li v c cc khu vc ng dn c kp thi ngn chn cc hnh vi bo lc v phm ti.Nng cao nhn thc ca ngi dn chm dt tnh trng bo lc i vi ph n.23BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTTng cng thc thi php lut v cc ch ti hnh s i vi hnh vi bo lc nhm ti ph n v tr em gi tt c mi ni.Tng cng lc lng n cng an vi nghip v v thi c nhy cm gii ng ph vi cc tnh hung bo lc. m bo cc lc lng chc nng phc v dn 24/24 gi mi ngy bi cc hnh vi quy ri v xm hi tnh dc c th xy ra vo bt k thi gian no trong ngy.Thit lp cc ng dy nng ph n c th kp thi khai bo v hnh vi bo lc v yu cu lc lng chc nng c cc hnh ng can thip.Xy dng v p dng quy trnh chun cho vic khai bo cc hnh vi bo lc vi ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng.Thng xuyn thc hin kho st c s tham gia (v d hai nm 1 ln) nh gi mc an ton ca ph n v tr em gi ni cng cng, t kp thi a ra cc hnh ng can thip ph hp.C th ha nh ngha v hnh vi quy ri tnh dc trong khung php l.V gio dcXy dng v thc thi cc chin lc m bo nn gio dc khng phn bit gii tnh da trn kt qu tham vn Chnh ph, cc cn b ngnh gio dc v cc t chc x hi.Pht hin v x pht cc hnh vi bo lc trong trng hc bng cch xy dng ni quy, quy ch, nguyn tc c th v h thng x l vi phm cht ch i vi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc vi hc sinh n v bt k mc ch no, khng ngoi tr gio vin cng nh cc c nhn khc c quyn.Xydngnnglcxlcctnhhungquyritnhdctrongphmvi trng hc cho gio vin.T chc cc bui ta m, trao i gia nh trng v gia nh kp thi gii quyt cc vn lin quan n ma ty hay mang thai ngoi mun.Thitlpnhmtruynthngtrongtrnghctchctphun,v thng xuyn bo co v tnh trng bo lc tnh dc v quyn ph n m bo tnh nhy cm gii trong gii quyt cc nguyn nhn gc r gy ra bo lc gii thay v thi li cho nn nhn.Gio dc cho nam sinh v nam gii h nhn thc c rng cc hnh vi quy ri v xm hi tnh dc i vi ph n v tr em gi l thiu vn minh, vi phm php lut v s b trng tr thch ng.Tuyn i s tuyn truyn cho ngi dn v quyn c an ton ca ph n khi cc hnh vi quy ri tnh dc ni cng cng.Thuyt phc cc nh lp chnh sch v ngi dn cng nhn quy ri tnh dc l hnh vi vi phm php lut v khng ch n thun l c ch t nhin ca nam gii i vi ph n v tr em gi.24Safe Cities for WomenFinal Logo - Colour Treatments1. Final Logo 2. Colour PaletteSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenSafe Cities For WomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomenMonroviaSafeCitiesForWomen#A84A96 #FFD617 #45B9B9V y tMcdphmvikhostkhngbaohmphmtryt,vicmbocht lng v tnh nhy cm gii ca cc dch v y t dnh cho ph n v tr em gi l nn nhn ca bo lc gii (hnh hung v xm hi tnh dc) ni cng cng cng l mt vn quan trng v cp thit:m bo ph n v tr em gi c th tm hiu y thng tin v cc c s y t v c iu tr kp thi khi gp phi cc vn lin quan n bo lc tnh dc.Xy dng nng lc cho cc y, bc s v phng php iu tr d phng cho ph n cc c s y t cng ng.Tp hun cho cc y, bc s, gip h xy dng phng php iu tr c nhy cm gii thc hin cc c s y t ca h.Nng cao cht lng ca cc bnh vin vi cc trang thit b ph hp v i ng y, bc s c chuyn mn.V s tham giaT chc i thoi gia Chnh ph, cc nh cung cp dch v cng v cc i din cng ng xc nh cc vn cn ang tn ti lin quan n s thiu an ton trong thnh ph, t xc nh cc phng php gii quyt ph hp.T chc cc bui hp vi dn chng c s tham gia ca ngi dn ngho v ngi nhp c, khuyn khch h chia s v cc tnh hung khng an ton trong thnh ph v gip h hiu r hn v quyn c sng trong mt thnh ph an ton ca mnh.Tchcccnhmphnvnamgiicakhuph,ctrchnhimgii quyt cc trng hp bo lc v m bo khu vc ca h an ton cho ph n cng nh tt c mi ngi.Tng cng s tham gia ca cc t chc a phng trong vic phi hp vi Hi ng Nhn dn phn nh cc vn ca thnh ph v xut kin ngh, gii php ca h.Mi c nhn, ph n hay nam gii, tr hay gi u c quyn s dng ting ni ca mnh ku gi chm dt cc hnh ng quy ri v lm dng i vi ph n v tr em gi, gp phn xy dng thnh ph an ton cho cuc sng c ph n ni ring v tt c mi ngi ni chung.ActionAid v cGFED ku gi cc c nhn, t chc, cc cng ty, gii truyn thng, nhng ngi quan tm ti s an ton vquyncaphn&tremtrongthnhphcngtham gia chng trnh thnh ph An ton cho ph n v tr em gi - Ni gic m thnh s tht. Vui lng lin lc vi chng ti theo a ch : [email protected]. Bo co y c ng ti ti: http://www.actionaid.org/vietnam/publications25BO CO TM TT:THNH PH AN TON CHO PH N V TR EM GI: NI GIC M THNH s THTH Ni, 2014thc hin bo co:Trung tm nghin cu Gii,Gia nh v Mi trng trong Pht trin (CGFED)Bin son tm tt chnh sch:B Hnh ChiB L Th Lan Phnghiu nh:B Hong Phng Thong gp kin:Tin s Ramesh Khadka ng Moses Mubirung o Quang MinhB Kate CarrollB Stephanie RossActionAid l mt t chc phi chnh ph quc t hot ng chm dt i ngho. Bt u hot ng Vit Nam t nm 1989, ActionAid Vit Nam st cnhcng ngi ngho v thit thi, cam ktv s pht trin bn vng ca t nc. bit thm thng tin, vui lng truy cp website chnh thc ca ActionAid ti:www.actionaid.org/vi/vietnamTrung tm nghin cu Gii, Gia nh v Mi trng trong Pht trin (CGFED) lt chc phi chnh ph Vit Nam c thnh lp vo thng 5/1993, hot ng trong lnh vc Gii v s pht trin ca ph n. Vi hn 20 nm hot ng CGFED tp trung vo cc hot ng nghin cu hnh ng v vn ng chnh sch vi mong mun thc y mi c nhn v cng ng to dng hnh phc trn nn tng Bnh ng Gii bit thm thng tin, xin vui lng truy cp website ca CGFED:http://www.cgfed.org.vnBo co c xy dng t h tr ti chnh ca Irish Aid v ActionAid. Thit k v in n:LUCK HOUSE GRAPHICS LTD.Tel: (84-4) 62661523Email: [email protected]